| Terrain Mechanics and Modeling Research Program: Enhanced Vehicle Dynamics Module |
May-2009 |
139 pages |
| Authors:
Randolph A Jones; Daniel C Creighton; George B McKinley; Richard B Ahlvin; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS GEOTECHNICAL AND STRUCTURES LAB
|
 | The vehicle dynamics module (VEHDYN 4.0) includes many enhancements to the previously documented and released VEHDYN II model and the internally developed, but not released, VEHDYN 3.0 model. The VEHDYN 3.0 model accepted the vehicle in a settled, or equilibrium, configuration instead of the zero-force configuration (the force acting on each suspension spring is assumed to be zero) required by VEHDYN II. VEHDYN 3.0 also included a special suspension and ... |
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| Pathfinder: The Geospatial Intelligence Magazine Serving the Front Line, March/April 2009. Volume 7, Number 2 |
Apr-2009 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Dave Carey; D H Thompson; Rosemary Simmons; Craig Rickert; Peter Paquette; Carlos Montenegro; Alan Higgins; Dawn Ellenberger; Stephanie Chang; Gary E Weir; NATIONAL GEOSPATIAL-INTELLIGENCE AGENCY (NGA) BETHESDA MD
|
| The Pathfinder is the medium with which the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency enhances and promotes public awareness and understanding of the discipline of geospatial intelligence. The Pathfinder is an authorized Department of Defense publication for members of the Department of Defense. Contents of this publication are not necessarily the official view of, or endorsed by, the U.S. government, Department of Defense or NGA. Articles in this issue concern such topics such ... |
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| Satellite-Based Fusion of Image/Inertial Sensors for Precise Geolocation |
Mar-2009 |
122 pages |
| Authors:
Neil R Jesse; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| The ability to produce high-resolution images of the Earth's surface from space has flourished in recent years with the continuous development and improvement of satellite-based imaging sensors. Earth-imaging satellites often rely on complex onboard navigation systems, with dependence on Global Positioning System (GPS) tracking and/or continuous post-capture georegistration, to accurately geolocate ground targets of interest to either commercial and military customers. Consequently, these satellite systems are often massive, expensive, and ... |
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| Analysis of Implicit Modeling of Complex Geometric Environments |
28-Feb-2009 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Gregory M Nielson; ARIZONA STATE UNIV TEMPE
|
| 1. Developed methods for extracting mathematical surface description of urban/terrain implicitly defined from scattered point cloud data obtained from scanners and other detecting devices 2. Developed methods for parameterizing surfaces representing urban/terrain environments which are implicitly modeled. 3. Developed a custom software environment for simulating scanner output producing point cloud data sets. 4. Developed and analyzed adaptive, implicit mathematical methods for modeling data scanned from complex geometric environment. 5. Developed, ... |
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| Internal Controls Over the United States Marine Corps Military Equipment Baseline Valuation Effort |
09-Feb-2009 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
OFFICE OF THE DEPUTY INSPECTOR GENERAL FOR AUDITING OF THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE ARLINGTON VA
|
| Our objective was to determine whether internal controls over the valuation of the United States Marine Corps (USMC) military equipment baseline were adequate. Specifically, we assessed the effectiveness of the Property and Equipment Policy Office (P&EPO) and USMC internal controls over the valuation, rights and obligations, and completeness of military equipment programs. See Appendix A for a discussion of the scope and methodology and for prior coverage related to the ... |
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| Demonstration of an Enhanced Vertical Magnetic Gradient System for UXO |
Dec-2008 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
William E Doll; BATTELLE MEMORIAL INST OAK RIDGE TN
|
| It is estimated that unexploded ordnance (UXO) may contaminate 15 million acres or more within the United States alone. A need for improved technologies for mapping and detecting UXO has led to development of a sequence of airborne reconnaissance systems using electromagnetic and magnetic sensors. In 2002, Battelle staff (then at Oak Ridge National Laboratory [ORNL]) evaluated a prototype airborne vertical magnetic gradient system for mapping and detecting UXO. Airborne ... |
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| The Heringen Collections of the US Geological Survey Library, Reston, Virginia |
Nov-2008 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
R L Hadden; GEOSPATIAL INFORMATION LIBRARY (GIL) ALEXANDRIA VA
|
| A special collection of German, Polish, and Russian language books, maps and reports in the US Geological Survey Library has an interesting and unusual history. The so-called Heringen Collection came from Nazi Germany. Many of these items were captured from libraries, offices and even private homes as the German Army advanced into neighboring countries. In the last days of the war, these maps, reports, photos and other records were sent ... |
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| Theory and Application of an Eye-Point Dependent Metric for Multiresolution Terrain Models |
20-Oct-2008 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
William Ribarsky; Zachary Wartell; NORTH CAROLINA UNIV AT CHARLOTTE
|
| We further developed our interactive visualization for terrain change detection and investigated a broader range of data structures for probabilistic surface modeling. Detecting changes in LIDAR scans creates an overwhelming number of change models. These models should be grouped into meaningful higher level events. For example, a set of 100 removed trees grouped into a deforestation event. These events would provide a semantic index into the set of change models. ... |
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| Assessing Accuracy in Varying LIDAR Data Point Densities in Digital Elevation Maps |
01-Sep-2008 |
99 pages |
| Authors:
Brian C Anderson; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This thesis discusses the production of Digital Elevation Maps (DEM) using varying density of data points from a Lidar (Laser or Light Detection And Ranging) collection. Additionally, this thesis contains information on the multiple space missions that use laser altimetry or Lidar to gather data about planet earth, the moon, asteroids, Mars and Mercury. The thesis covers the accuracy of different amounts of data used when generating a DEM in ... |
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| Detection and Tracking Based on a Dynamical Hierarchical Occupancy Map in Agent-Based Simulations |
01-Sep-2008 |
83 pages |
| Authors:
Dietmer J Teufel; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Agent-Based Models in military simulation need a model for detection and tracking other agents. It has been suggested that statistical models, such as occupancy maps or particle filters, can be used for that purpose. An occupancy map is one possibility for this task. The more volume of space, however, in a simulation, the more the computational demand of using occupancy maps grow and the more benefit could be obtained by ... |
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| Optimal Mapping When Datasets are Massive |
25-Mar-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Noel A Cressie; OHIO STATE UNIV COLUMBUS DEPT OF STATISTICS
|
| Maps are an extremely important part of any military operation and producing timely and accurate maps is an essential planning tool. Ocean-floor or terrain data are static and spatial, while meteorological or visibility data are dynamic and spatio-temporal. Data upon which maps are based can be simultaneously massive and sparse, and they are noisy. In the presence of uncertainty due to missing data and measurement-error noise, spatial and spatio-temporal statistical ... |
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| Laser Dot Projection Photogrammetry and Force Balance Measurement Techniques for Flapping Wing Micro Air Vehicles |
Mar-2008 |
135 pages |
| Authors:
David H Curtis; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| The purpose of this research was to develop testing methods capable of analyzing the performance of a miniature flapping-wing mechanism that can later be adapted to a flapping wing micro air vehicle (MAV). A previously designed and built flapping only mechanism was used for testing, while a previously designed flapping and pitch mechanism was fabricated utilizing an Objet Eden 500V 3-dimensional printer and its operation demonstrated. The flapping mechanism was ... |
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| High Density Lidar and Orthophotography in UXO Wide Area Assessment, Phase 2. Former Camp Beale Demonstration Site. Addendum, Revision 2 |
01-Jan-2008 |
99 pages |
| Authors:
Dale Bennett; URS CO SEATTLE WA
|
| Since 2005, the Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP) has conducted a pilot program to test the effectiveness of a multi-technology approach to UXO/MEC Wide Area Assessment (WAA). The first phase of this program was carried out at three desert sites containing little or no vegetation and few non-military land uses; results from this first phase were very positive. Subsequently, a second phase of the pilot program was added, including ... |
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| Clearing up the Clutter |
Jan-2008 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Melissa R Beck; Maura C Lohrenz; Michael E Trenchard; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS MAPPING CHARTING AND GEODESY BRANCH
|
| Article gives a brief history of military cockpit displays, and highlight the research taking place to enhance future moving map capabilities. |
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| High Density LiDAR and Orthophotography in UXO Wide Area Assessment |
Jan-2008 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Dale Bennett; URS CORP SEATTLE WA
|
| Since 2005, Environmental Security Technology Certification Program's (ESTCP) Wide Area Assessment (WAA) Pilot Program has explored the use of an integrated suite of airborne and ground-based technologies as a means to streamline the WAA process. Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and orthophotography, the subjects of this demonstration, were used in conjunction with synthetic aperture radar (SAR), hyperspectral sensing, helicopter-based magnetometry, and towed-array magnetometry and electromagnetic induction (EMI), along with approaches ... |
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| Mask Waves Benchmark |
OCT 2007 |
69 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy C. Smith; Lauren K. Hanyok; Michael J. Hughes; NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CENTER CARDEROCK DIV BETHESDA MD
|
| This report documents the Maneuvering and Seakeeping Basin wavemaker performance from 2004 to 2007. This report contains benchmark wave cases for comparison with future evaluations of the wavemaker performance. Fifteen data sets were examined for wave amplitude and frequency variability due to spatial position, season, and wavemaker repairs. Wave amplitude variability from wave cycle-to-cycle and between runs was also quantified. Excel macros were developed to aid future comparisons. |
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| Enhancement of the Daytime MODIS Based Icing Potential Using NOGAPS and COAMPS Model Data |
SEP 2007 |
57 pages |
| Authors:
Richard L. Davidson; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF METEOROLOGY
|
| In this thesis, NOGAPS and COAMPS model data are fused with Alexander (2005) algorithm to determine its usefulness in enhancing satellite-based aircraft icing analysis. This is a follow on to Cooper (2006) research where MM5 and ETA were used. Using historical NOGAPS and COAMPS data (T, Td and RH) accessed from the GODAE server, several storms from 2004 were fused with available MODIS imagery from the same storms to produce ... |
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| Effects of Different Camera Motions on the Error in Estimates of Epipolar Geometry between Two Dimensional Images in Order to Provide a Framework for Solutions to Vision Based Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) |
SEP 2007 |
195 pages |
| Authors:
Michael C. MeVicker; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This thesis explores the effect camera motion and feature tracking have on the estimations of an epipolar geometry at different stages of a 3D reconstruction and relates the findings to a framework for vision based Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM). Although there have been previous attempts to determine the quality of algorithms that calculate a fundamental matrix, both robust and linear, we have found no study that explores the relationship ... |
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| A Survey of Terrain Modeling Technologies and Techniques |
Sep-2007 |
153 pages |
| Authors:
Nick Gorkavyi; Jerry Snyder; J D Lashlee; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER ALEXANDRIA VA TOPOGRAPHIC ENGINEERING CENTER
|
| Test planning, rehearsal, and distributed test events for Future Combat System (FCS) require rapid generation of high-fidelity synthetic environments. These environments consist of high resolution synthetic scenes of test and training images, which use high and low resolution digital terrain surface models, 2-D and 3-D smiace objects and other geospatial data to replicate site conditions. The largest component of developing synthetic 3-D scenes is the commercially available Interferometric Synthetic Aperture ... |
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| MSIAC Journal: Volume 2, Issue 10, September 2007 |
Sep-2007 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
MODELING AND SIMULATION INFORMATION ANALYSIS CENTER ALEXANDRIA VA
|
| This issue of the MSIAC Journal examines these three separate viewpoints: M&S technology development, M&S application, and the understanding of M&S fundamentals. George Mason University's Volgenau School of Information Technology and Engineering presents an approach to and the results of experiments examining how best to utilize automated geospatial tools. The article by the Proteus Management Group explores applying gaming technology to examine the volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguities of evolving ... |
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| Knightsat Flight Design Review |
03 AUG 2007 |
89 pages |
| Authors:
Rebecca Kendall; Randal Allen; Danielle Grant; Daniel Stuhr; Lashanda Oliver; Timothy Young; J. G. Dilworth; Jason Dunn; Daniel Hand; Jessica Vega; UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL FLORIDA ORLANDO
|
| Flight competition report regarding the Knightsat, Nanosat-4 competition for the Air Force Research Laboratory. Knightsat, being a student ran organization, was spilt into three sub-systems, Attitude Determining Control Systems, Structures and Payload, and Power and Communications. Knightsat's primary goal is to obtain a stereo image of one point on the earth's surface. Knightsat's program manager and primary mentor was Dr Roger Johnson, who also coordinated assistance for the project with ... |
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| Extensible 3D (X3D) Earth Technical Requirements Workshop Summary Report |
01 AUG 2007 |
156 pages |
| Authors:
Don Brutzman; Amela Sadagic; Terry Norbraten; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA MODELING VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS AND SIMULATION
|
| The initial X3D Earth Technical Requirement Workshop called together leading experts to determine a broad set of technical requirements that will be necessary to construct an X3D Earth. This workshop was held 14-15 November 2006 at the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) in Monterey, California, USA. The main goal in the creation of an Extensible 3D (X3D) Earth will be achieved by Web3D Consortium members who are preparing to build a ... |
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| Global Ground Truth Data Set with Waveform and Arrival Data |
30 JUL 2007 |
111 pages |
| Authors:
Istvan Bondar; Eric Bergman; Benjamin Kohl; Yu-Long Kung; KEITH MCLAUGHLIN; Hans Israelsson; E. R. Engdahl; SCIENCE APPLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL CORP SAN DIEGO CA
|
| We present the final results of our three-year research project to produce a high-confidence global GT5 data set. During the course of this project we have developed, tested, and validated the hybrid HDC-RCA (Hypocentroidal Decomposition and Reciprocal Cluster Analysis) methodology to produce new GT5 or better event locations from event clusters. The HDC algorithm uses regional and teleseismic data to estimate precise relative event locations with respect to the cluster ... |
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| Hydrodynamic Agents in the Littoral Environment. Phase 1 Progress Report |
06 JUL 2007 |
84 pages |
| Authors:
Charles M. Bachmann; C. R. Nichols; Richard P. Mied; Chung H. Read; Ellen Bennert; Robert A. Fusina; Timothy F. Donato; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC REMOTE SENSING DIV
|
| Hydrodynamic Agents in the Littoral Environment (HALE) is a National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency program aimed at producing tidal predictions from imagery-derived water levels. HALE has been divided into three phases which lead to a protocol. This report describes Phase I and introduces work for Phase II. Approximately 62 satellite images of the Han River Estuary, Republic of Korea, over the 20-year period from 1987 to 2006 were processed and analyzed. The ... |
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| Intelligent Data Fusion for Wide-Area Assessment of UXO Contamination. SERDP Project MM-1510. 2006 Annual Report |
20 APR 2007 |
69 pages |
| Authors:
Susan L. Rose-Pehrsson; Kevin Johnson; Christian Minor; Verner Guthrie; NAVY TECHNOLOGY CENTER FOR SAFETY AND SURVIVABILITY WASHINGTON DC
|
| Intelligent data fusion techniques are being developed and optimized for use in enhancing wide-area assessment UXO remediation efforts. A data fusion framework will be created to provide a cohesive data management and decision-making utility that will capture all available data and more efficiently direct the expenditure of time, labor, and resources. The objectives of the first year are to determine the feasibility of feature selection methods for data fusion. The ... |
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| Moving Map Composer - Personal Computer (MMCPC), Version 1.0: Acceptance Test Procedures Developed for the Finnish Air Force |
02 MAR 2007 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Michael E. Trenchard; Stephanie A. Myrick; Geary Layne; Maura C. Lohrenz; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS MARINE GEOSCIENCES DIV
|
| This document provides detailed Acceptance Test Procedures (ATP) to be followed during the final test and evaluation of the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) Moving Map Composer - Personal Computer (MMCPC) System, Version 1.0, developed for the Finnish Air Force (FiAF). The ATP was successfully completed by NRL and FiAF representatives at FiAF headquarters in Halli, Finland, in August 2005. |
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| Satellite Applications for Military Support. Trendwatch from an EO Perspective (Satelliettoepassingen voor Militaire Ondersteuning. Trendwatch Vanuit een EO Perspectief) |
MAR 2007 |
|
| Authors:
R. M. Schoemaker; TNO Defence Security and Safety The Hague (Netherlands)
|
 | A safe, effective and efficient realization is what counts during expeditionary tasks of the Netherlands forces in remote regions in the world. These regions are mostly coastal areas and desolate mountainous terrain in the Middle East and Africa. The current weather and atmospheric conditions for these regions often bring unverifiable and unpredictable factors that influence tactical and strategic decisions in a negative manner. Many natural and artificial conditions can be ... |
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| Multi-Robot FastSLAM for Large Domains |
MAR 2007 |
104 pages |
| Authors:
Choyong G. Koperski; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| For a robot to build a map of its surrounding area, it must have accurate position information within the area, and to obtain accurate position information within the area, the robot needs to have an accurate map of the area. This circular problem is the Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) problem. An efficient algorithm to solve it is FastSLAM, which is based on the Rao-Blackwellized particle filter. FastSLAM solves the ... |
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| Stochastic Constraints for Fast Image Correspondence Search with Uncertain Terrain Model |
2007 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Michael Veth; John Raquet; Meir Pachter; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH DEPT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
|
| The navigation state (position, velocity, and attitude) can be determined using optical measurements from an imaging sensor pointed toward the ground. Extracting navigation information from an image sequence depends on tracking the location of stationary objects in multiple images, which is generally termed the correspondence problem. This is an active area of research and many algorithms exist which attempt to solve this problem by identifying a unique feature in one ... |
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| Correspondence Search Mitigation Using Feature Space Anti-Aliasing |
2007 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Mike Veth; Meir Pachter; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH DEPT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
|
| Image-aided navigation techniques can determine the navigation solution (position, velocity, and attitude) by observing a sequence of images from an optical sensor over time. This operation is based on tracking the location of stationary objects in multiple images, which requires solving the correspondence problem. This is an active area of research and many algorithms exist which attempt to solve this problem by identifying a unique feature in one image and ... |
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| Installation Mapping Enables Many Missions: The Benefits of and Barriers to Sharing Geospatial Data Assets |
2007 |
|
| Authors:
Beth E. Lachman; Peter Schirmer; David R. Frelinger; Victoria A. Greenfield; Michael S. Tseng; Tiffany Nichols; RAND NATIONAL DEFENSE RESEARCH INST SANTA MONICA CA
|
| Installations and environment (I&E) geospatial data assets are being developed, used, and shared for many different Department of Defense (DoD) missions, including installation management, homeland defense, emergency response, environmental management, military health, and war fighting. There are many benefits in effectiveness and efficiency to using and sharing such data. However, there are also barriers that limit the widespread use and sharing of such assets within and outside DoD, including security ... |
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| Guidelines for the Acquisition of Aerial Photography for Digital Photo-Interpretation of Submerged Aquatic Vegetation (SAV) |
OCT 2006 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Sam S. Jackson; Mark R. Graves; Deborah J. Shafer; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| Monitoring the success of large-scale submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) restoration projects requires the ability to detect and map the presence or absence of SAV, as well as assess changes in SAV distributions over time. Aerial photography is generally considered to be the most widely used, versatile, and relatively economical form of remote sensing (Lillesand and Kiefer 2000), and is the most common source of SAV mapping information (McKenzie et al. ... |
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| Roughness Spectra and Acoustic Response from a Diver-Manipulated Sea Floor |
18 SEP 2006 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Kevin B. Briggs; Michael D. Richardson; Kevin L. Williams; Anthony P. Lyons; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS SEAFLOOR SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
|
| A digital stereo photogrammetric system was designed and implemented to measure seafloor roughness in coastal sands. High-resolution images that achieve more than four pixels/millimeter in either the horizontal or vertical dimension are created by two cameras sealed in watertight housings and actuated simultaneously by a scuba diver. A Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of the photographed sea floor is created from digital autocorrelation of left and right paired images. The DEM ... |
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| Next Generation, 4-D Distributed Modeling and Visualization of Battlefield |
14 JUL 2006 |
47 pages |
| Authors:
Avideh Zakhor; CALIFORNIA UNIV BERKELEY
|
| Gaining a detailed tactical picture of the modern battle-space is vital to the success of any military operation. This picture is used to direct the movement of assets and material over rugged terrain during day and night in uncertain weather conditions, taking account of possible enemy locations and activity. To provide a timely and accurate picture of the battle-space, most modern command operations centers have access to a multitude of ... |
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| Delineating and Evaluating Vegetation Conditions of Vernal Pools Using Spaceborne and Airborne Remote Sensing Techniques, Beale Air Force Base, CA |
JUL 2006 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Robert W. Lichvar; David C. Finnegan; Stephen Newman; Walter Ochs; ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER HANOVER NH COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB
|
| Remote sensing techniques were employed to identify aquatic resources, including vernal pools and riparian areas, at Beale Air Force Base (AFB) in September 2005. Aquatic resources previously identified at Beale AFB were delineated in the field and precisely located with a global position system (GPS). Though precise, these GPS maps were not comprehensive enough to fully understand the distribution and character of the aquatic system. Using those field results, we ... |
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| Distribution of X-Band High Resolution and High Grazing Angle Sea Clutter |
JUL 2006 |
|
| Authors:
Yunhan Dong; DEFENCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANISATION EDINBURGH (AUSTRALIA) ELECTRONIC WARFARE AND RADAR DIVISION
|
| This report studies the spatial distribution of X-band, high resolution and high grazing angle polarimetric sea clutter data. The K distribution usually provides a good fit for the distribution of the VV polarised data. The HH polarised data is spikiest and its distribution exhibits a sudden departure from the K distribution in the tail region, which usually requires the KA or the similar distributions to achieve a better fit in ... |
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| Aerosol Optical Depth Retrievals from High-Resolution Commercial Satellite Imagery Over Areas of High Surface Reflectance |
JUN 2006 |
197 pages |
| Authors:
Dominick A. Vincent; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF METEOROLOGY
|
| The advancement and proliferation of high-resolution commercial imaging satellites presents a new opportunity for overland aerosol characterization. Current aerosol optical depth retrieval methods typically fail over areas with high surface reflectance, such as urban areas and deserts, since the upwelling radiance due to scattering by aerosols is small compared to the radiance resulting from surface reflection. The method proposed here uses shadows cast on the surface to exploit the differences ... |
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| Urban Battlespace Control: A New Concept for Battle Command |
JUN 2006 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Janet O'May; Charles Hansen; Richard Kaste; Andrew Neiderer; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| An accurate picture of areas controlled by opposing forces would help commanders gauge battle progress. The Army Research Laboratory has a well-developed prototype to visualize degree of control in open battlespace regions. The system computes power projection over time and space, based on probabilities of hit and kill, position, weapon effectiveness, and damage, and updates its display as new information is received. The urban battle presents difficulties in transforming the ... |
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| Mapping the Future: Optimizing Joint Geospatial Engineering Support |
16 MAY 2006 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Jon L. Christensen; NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI JOINT MILITARY OPERATIONS DEPT
|
| A detailed knowledge of the terrain is an essential element of victory at all levels of war from the tactical to the strategic, and for success across the entire spectrum of conflict. Terrain expertise and products are especially important at the operational level of war, as terrain will have a direct impact on the operational factors of space, time, and force. The operational commander must have a thorough and complete ... |
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| Development of a Regional 3-D Velocity Model of the Pakistan Region for Improved Seismic Event Location |
APR 2006 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Delaine Reiter; Michelle Johnson; Anca Rosca; Camlynn Vincent; William Rodi; WESTON GEOPHYSICAL LEXINGTON MA
|
| In this report, we detail the development of a new regional 3-D tomographic P-wave velocity model (WINPAK3D) of a region in Southern Asia centered on Pakistan. Our primary goal in developing a 3-0 model of the crust and upper mantle in this region is to improve regional seismic event location. A detailed initial Pn model was iteratively refined using a nonlinear, conjugate-gradients technique that adjusts the velocity model of model ... |
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| Development of Integrated 3D Terrain Maps for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Flight and Mission Control Support System (FMCSS) |
MAR 2006 |
|
| Authors:
Jasur S. Khakimbayev; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The purpose of this thesis is to conduct the research necessary to develop integrated 3D terrain maps capable of supporting an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Flight Mission Control Support System. In this work, the author has tried to explore the feasibility of exploiting digital topographic maps and further understanding of the digital terrain support available to UAV FMCSS developers. This thesis explores numerous digital terrain data representations and tools available to ... |
|
| Sampling and Mapping Soil Erosion Cover Factor for Fort Richardson, Alaska. Integrating Stratification and an Up-Scaling Method |
MAR 2006 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Guangxing Wang; George Gertner; Alan B. Anderson; Heidi Howard; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER CHAMPAIGN IL CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB
|
| When a ground and vegetation cover factor related to soil erosion is mapped with the aid of remotely sensed data, a cost-efficient sample design to collect ground data and obtain an accurate map is required. However, the supports used to collect ground data are often smaller than the desirable pixels used for mapping, which leads to complexity in developing procedures for sample design and mapping. For these purposes, a sampling ... |
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| Geolocation and Pointing Accuracy Analysis for the WindSat Sensor |
MAR 2006 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
William E. Purdy; Peter W. Gaiser; Gene A. Poe; Enzo A. Uliana; Thomas Meissner; Frank J. Wentz; PURDY ENGINEERING INC POOLESVILLE MD
|
| Geolocation and pointing accuracy analyses of the WindSat flight data are presented. The two topics were intertwined in the flight data analysis and will be addressed together. WindSat has no unusual geolocation requirements relative to other sensors, but its beam pointing knowledge accuracy is especially critical to support accurate polarimetric radiometry. Pointing accuracy was improved and verified using geolocation analysis in conjunction with scan bias analysis. Two methods were needed ... |
|
| Generating Imagery for Forecasting Terror Threats |
Jan-2006 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Greg Schmidt; Jason Goffeney; Jason Dalton; Ruth Willis; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC ADVANCED INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY BRANCH
|
| Maps indicating threat levels based on key feature proximity and incorporating event location uncertainty are useful for planning countermeasures in the global war on terrorism. Intelligence analysts and military planners need predictions about likely terrorist targets to better plan the deployment of security forces and sensing equipment. The authors have addressed this need using Gaussian-based forecasting and uncertainty modeling. Their approach excels at indicating the highest threats expected for each ... |
|
| Scoping of Flood Hazard Mapping Needs for Belknap County, New Hampshire |
2006 |
66 pages |
| Authors:
Robert H. Flynn; GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESTON VA
|
| This report was prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) New Hampshire/Vermont Water Science Center for scoping of flood-hazard mapping needs for Belknap County, New Hampshire, under Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Inter-Agency agreement Number HSFE01-05X-0018. FEMA is embarking on a map modernization program nationwide to: 1. Gather and develop updated data for all flood prone areas in support of flood plain management. 2. Provide maps and data in a ... |
|
| Scoping of Flood Hazard Mapping Needs for Coos County, New Hampshire |
2006 |
76 pages |
| Authors:
Robert H. Flynn; GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PEMBROKE NH
|
| This report was prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) New Hampshire/Vermont Water Science Center for scoping of flood-hazard mapping needs for Coos County, New Hampshire, under Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Inter-Agency agreement Number HSFE01-05X-0018. This section of the report explains the objective of the task and the purpose of the reports. FEMA is embarking on a map modernization program nationwide to: 1. Gather and develop updated data for ... |
|
| Comparing Situation Awareness for Two Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Human Interface Approaches |
2006 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Jill L. Drury; Justin Richer; Nathan Rackliffe; Michael A. Goodrich; MITRE CORP BEDFORD MA
|
| Our goal is to improve the design of human-Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) interaction so operators can have better situation awareness (SA) of conditions pertaining to the UAVs. We developed a UAV interaction design approach that uses pre-loaded terrain data to augment real-time video data sensed by the UAVs. We hypothesized that augmentation of the video in this manner would provide better SA than a video stream alone. To test the ... |
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| Using Cognitive Task Analysis and Eye Tracking to Understand Imagery Analysis |
2006 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Laura Kurland; Abigail Gertner; Tom Bartee; Michael Chisholm; Scott McQuade; MITRE CORP BEDFORD MA
|
| The National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) is the national-level producer of Geospatial Intelligence, serving both policy makers and DoD elements. One core task of Geospatial Intelligence Analysts is to develop intelligence through the exploitation of imagery (including overhead, airborne, and video sources), with geospatial data and additional intelligence sources supporting the analysis process. Currently there is a gap between the exploitation and analysis capabilities of senior analysts and incoming junior analysts. ... |
|
| Allocating AUVs for Mine Map Development in MCM |
2006 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Andrew Rajala; Dean Edwards; IDAHO UNIV MOSCOW CENTER FOR INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS RESEARCH
|
| When cooperating Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) are used for large area mine countermeasures (MCM), it is important for each vehicle to have a map of the entire search area. If each AUV only has a map of the area it has covered, that information will be lost if the vehicle is lost. To build a complete coverage map in each AUV, a scheduling algorithm, language, and logic were developed. The ... |
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| New Methods for Detection of Fish Populations or Mapping of Fish Habitat |
2006 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Evelyn D. Brown; ALASKA UNIV FAIRBANKS INST OF MARINE SCIENCE
|
| The overall objective of this work is to develop and test a new technique to detect and map epipelagic fishes and their habitat in the EEZ of Oregon and Washington. The technique combines data from satellites, aircraft, ships, and moorings. Each platform covers a unique set of spatial and temporal scales, and each instrument has its own advantages and disadvantages. A technique combining data from multiple platforms can be much ... |
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| A Novel Technique to Detect Epipelagic Fish Populations and Map Their Habitat |
2006 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Kelly J. Benoit-Bird; OREGON STATE UNIV CORVALLIS COLL OF OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
|
| The ultimate goal of this research project is to substantially improve scientists' understanding of the relation between ecologically important key fish species (e.g., sardine and albacore) and the physical environment by collecting synoptic measurements with improved spatial and temporal resolution of observations. The author's partnership program is striving to develop a new method for detecting fish and synoptically mapping their environment at nested spatial and temporal scales. This new technique ... |
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| Tangible GIS for Real-Time Human Interaction with Landscape Models |
01 DEC 2005 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
L. Mitas; H. Mitasova; C. Ratti; NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV AT RALEIGH DEPT OF MARINE EARTH AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
|
| New technologies that combine the flexibility of digital landscape representation with 3D physical scale models are changing users' interaction with geospatial data. This study investigated the coupling of open source GRASS Geographic Information System (GIS) with the Illuminated Clay system to explore the possible development of a Tangible Geospatial Modeling system that allows users to interact with landscape analysis and simulations using a flexible physical model. In this system, the ... |
|
| Adits, Caves, Karizi-Qanats, and Tunnels in Afghanistan: An Annotated Bibliography |
30 NOV 2005 |
86 pages |
| Authors:
Robert L. Hadden; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER ALEXANDRIA VA TOPOGRAPHIC ENGINEERING CENTER
|
| This bibliography on the caves, tunnels, and other geological features of Afghanistan was begun in September 2001. The work brings together selected citations from a variety of different cartographic, geological, and speleological resources and specialized library collections. Publication dates range from 1830 to 2005. Resources cover books, journal articles, newspaper articles, reports, and maps from a variety of government and private library and geological information centers in Arabic, English, French, ... |
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| The Chameleon Concept: Modeling Quaternary Geomorphic Surfaces Using Laboratory, Field, and Imaging Spectrometry in the Lower Colorado Sonoran Desert |
NOV 2005 |
220 pages |
| Authors:
J. D. Lashlee; ARMY TOPOGRAPHIC ENGINEERING CENTER ALEXANDRIA VA
|
| Chameleon is a physics-based landscape modeling software system designed for modeling and simulations. Hyperspectral laboratory, field, and imaging spectrometer measurements are collected as empirical foundation data. Linear spectral unmixing decomposes each image pixel into spectral endmembers. Spectral editing tools allow mathematical manipulation of these fractional abundances and introduction of new spectral information. Image spectra are modified on a sub-pixel, per-pixel, or neighborhood basis, or the entire hypercube can be customized ... |
|
| Present and Future Airborne and Space-Borne Systems |
28 SEP 2005 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Wolfgang Keydel; GERMAN AEROSPACE CENTER (DLR) WESSLING (GERMANY) MICROWAVES AND RADAR INST
|
| The state of the art of both airborne and space-borne SAR systems with polarimetric interferometry capability, their technological, system technical and application related specifications, and recent results obtained as well are presented shortly with respect to their relevance for Polarimetry and Interferometry capabilities. Space-borne SAR interferometry in two pass mode reaches altitude accuracies of about 10 m and in one pass mode of |
|
| Polarimetry and Interferometry Applications |
28 SEP 2005 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Wolfgang Keydel; GERMAN AEROSPACE CENTER (DLR) WESSLING (GERMANY) MICROWAVES AND RADAR INST
|
| Based on the foregoing lectures, respective applications of both Polarimetry and Interferometry will be presented. From the large palette of possibilities which includes global mapping with spaceborne SAR and the establishment of digital terrain models with high accuracy, observation and to some extent prediction and forecast of natural disasters (involving landslides caused by earthquakes or avalanches, volcanic eruptions, fires, floods, terrain resurfacing, followed by a period of recovery, etc.), measurement ... |
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| Collaborative Research: Multisensor Approach Mapping of 2D and 3D Geologic Features from Remotely Sensed Imagery |
23 SEP 2005 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Melba M. Crawford; TEXAS UNIV AT AUSTIN CENTER FOR SPACE RESEARCH
|
| The goal of this research project was to develop, implement, and evaluate computational methods for extracting information from multiple sources of remotely sensed data for thematic and topographic mapping of geologic features. The research focused on three primary areas: Integration of multisource topographic information in a multiresolution framework; Development of supervised classification methods for multi spectral and hyperspectral data. Extraction of topographic features from multiple return LIDAR data acquired from ... |
|
| Bathymetric Mapping with QuickBird Data |
SEP 2005 |
62 pages |
| Authors:
Martin P. Densham; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Two algorithms are used to determine bathymetry in the littoral region using QuickBird multi-spectral satellite observations. The algorithms determine water-leaving radiance and convert this to water depth values. The first algorithm uses a ratio of two wavebands and the second uses the sum of several wavebands. Relative bathymetric errors are determined for the clear water of Looe Key, United States, and the turbid water of Plymouth Sound, United Kingdom. Bathymetric ... |
|
| A Survey of Photon Mapping for Realistic Image Synthesis |
SEP 2005 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Justin L. Shumaker; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| This report is an overview and discussion of the finer details not found in most of the photon mapping documents that currently exist. While the vast majority of photon mapping media tends to market this global illumination algorithm as a do-it-all turn-key solution, they fail to discuss the finer details and pitfalls that developers will encounter in the implementation process. Finer details are also covered to not only explain what ... |
|
| Discrete Conformal Approximation of Complex Earthquake Maps |
AUG 2005 |
147 pages |
| Authors:
Eric M. Murphy; TEXAS TECH UNIV LUBBOCK DEPT OF MATHEMATICS
|
| Using the techniques of circle packing, we construct discrete conformal approximations for complex earthquake maps on the Teichmueller spaces of compact, hyperbolic Riemann surfaces developed by William Thurston and Curtis McMullen, and we show that these approximations are convergent. We then describe earthquake maps on the Teichmueller spaces of compact, Euclidean Riemann surfaces, extending the work of Thurston and McMullen. Using the discrete conformal approximations developed for hyperbolic surfaces, we ... |
|
| A New Approach for More Effective Fire Detection Method Using NOAA AVHRR Images |
25 JUL 2005 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Kazi A. Kalpoma; Yoshiaki Haramoto; Jun-ich Kudoh; TOHOKU UNIV SENDAI (JAPAN)
|
| Forest Fire has serious economic implications: destruction of habitats, forest damage, costs of fire fighting and so on. Nowadays it is a very important and sensitive issue in Russia and Southeast Asian region since a large scale fire occurs frequently. A huge amount of exhaustion of carbon dioxide by the forest fires is thought to be a cause of global warming. A wide range monitoring by remote sensing satellite is ... |
|
| A New Classification Method Based on Cloude-Pottier Eigenvalue/Eigenvector Decomposition |
25 JUL 2005 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Cao Fang; Hong Wen; CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES BEIJING (CHINA) NATIONAL KEY LAB OF MICROWAVE IMAGING TECHNOLOGY
|
| In this paper, a new polarimetric scattering parameter, the averaged intensity (I), is introduced to present the backscatter intensity of fully polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data. According to the particular analysis on the properties of I, a angle, and entropy H, the mapping rule of I-a-H feature space onto the Intensity-Hue-Saturation (I-H-S) color space is proposed. The authors use the IHS transform instead of a segmentation algorithm to finish ... |
|
| A Knowledge-Based Creation of Mathematical Programming for GIS Problem Solving |
25 JUL 2005 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Hui Wei; Qing-Xin Xu; FUDAN UNIV SHANGHAI (CHINA)
|
| Nowadays the biggest challenge to GIS is the model design of theme analyzing. Many GIS applications need more functions in analysis and decision-making than in data organization or visualization. While confronted with an application like planning a new metro line in a city, the typical GIS cannot accomplish it by itself, unless some human experts or artificial intelligence technology are involved. Numbers of GIS applications essentially are models of theme ... |
|
| Attenuation of Visible Solar Radiation in the Upper Water Column: A Model Based on IOPs |
25 JUL 2005 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
ZhongPing Lee; KePing Du; Robert Arnone; SooChin Liew; Bradley Penta; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEANOGRAPHY DIV
|
| For many oceanic studies, it is required to know the distribution of visible solar radiation (EPAR) in the upper water column. One way to reach this is by remote sensing. This includes two components: First, EPAR at surface is calculated based on atmosphere properties along with the position of the Sun. Second, the vertical attenuation of EPAR (KPAR) is derived from products of ocean-color remote sensing. Currently, KPAR is estimated ... |
|
| New Methods for Landslide Identification and Mapping Using SAR Polarimetry Obtained During the PacRim 2000 Mission in Taiwan |
25 JUL 2005 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Kristina R. Czuchlewski; Jeffrey K. Weissel; Jong-Sen Lee; COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK
|
| We reanalyze PacRim 2000 L-band AIRSAR polarimetry collected over the western foothills of central Taiwan a year after the September 20, 1999 ChiChi earthquake, which produced more than 10,000 landslides. The objective is to explore the utility of SAR data, particularly polarimetry, for identifying and mapping natural hazards like landslides that essentially resurface landscapes. An overall goal of this research is to exploit the operational advantages of radars over optical ... |
|
| Status of the MODIS Level 1B Algorithms and Calibration Tables |
25 JUL 2005 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
X. Xiong; V. V. Salomonson; J Kuyper; L. Tan; K. Chiang; J. Sun; W. L. Barnes; NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION GREENBELT MD GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER
|
| The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) makes observations using 36 spectral bands with wavelengths from 0.41 to 14.4 m and nadir spatial resolutions of 0.25km, 0.5km, and 1km. It is currently operating onboard the NASA Earth Observing System (EOS) Terra and Aqua satellites, launched in December 1999 and May 2002, respectively. The MODIS Level 1B (L1B) program converts the sensor's on-orbit responses in digital numbers to radiometrically calibrated and geo-located ... |
|
| Reanalysis of Skylab S-194 L-band Data in View of Validating Sea Surface Roughness Corrections for Salinity Measurements from Space |
25 JUL 2005 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Nicolas Reul; Joseph Tenerelli; Doug Vandemark; Bertrand Chapron; IFREMER CENTRE DE BREST PLOUZANE (FRANCE) LABORATOIRE D'OCEANOGRAPHIE SPATIALE
|
| Of the satellite radiometer sensors, there has been only one instrument that provides any heritage at L-band: the Skylab S-194 instrument that operated in the 1970s. From an analysis of S-194 brightness temperature (Tb) sensitivity to SSS, SST and wind speed, Lerner & Hollinger (1976) concluded that the wind speed dependence of L-band brightness temperature at nadir is about 0.16 K/knot. This is almost four times higher than what is ... |
|
| Airborne Hyperspectral Image Analysis for Grain Sorghum Yield Variability Mapping |
25 JUL 2005 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Qian Du; Chenghai Yang; James H. Everitt; MISISSIPPI STATE UNIV MISSISSIPPI STATE DEPT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
|
| In this paper we will investigate airborne hyperspectral imagery for mapping grain sorghum yield variability as compared with yield monitor data. All the spectral bands are used for yield variability mapping in order to fully use the plenty spectral information in hyperspectral imagery. Yield variability mapping is achieved by estimating the fractional abundance image corresponding to the yield, where a pixel with high gray-scale value represents high yield in the ... |
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| Improved Manifold Coordinate Representations of Hyperspectral Imagery |
25 JUL 2005 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Charles M. Bachmann; Thomas L. Ainsworth; Robert A. Fusina; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC REMOTE SENSING DIV
|
| There are many well-known sources of nonlinearity present in hyperspectral imagery; these include bi-directional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) effects, multi-path scatter between heterogeneous pixel constituents, and the variable presence of water, an attenuating medium, in the scene. In recent publications, we have presented a data-driven approach to representing the nonlinear structure of hyperspectral imagery. The approach relies on graph methods to derive geodesic distances on the high-dimensional hyperspectral data manifold. ... |
|
| Investigation on Constrained Matrix Factorization for Hyperspectral Image Analysis |
25 JUL 2005 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Qian Du; Ivica Kopriva; Harold Szu; MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIV MISSISSIPPI STATE DEPT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
|
| Matrix factorization is applied to unsupervised linear unmixing for hyperspectral imagery. The algorithm, called nonnegative matrix factorization, is used. It imposes a constraint on the non-negativity of the amplitudes of the recovered endmember spectral signatures as well as their fractional abundances. This ensures the recovery of physically meaningful endmembers and their abundances. This algorithm is further modified to include the sum-to-one constraint such that the sum of the fractional abundances ... |
|
| NASA's Earth Science Data Systems Standards Endorsement Process |
25 JUL 2005 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Richard E. Ullman; Yonsook Enloe; NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION GREENBELT MD GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER
|
| Starting in January 2004, NASA instituted a set of internal working groups to develop ongoing recommendations for the continuing broad evolution of Earth Science Data Systems development and management within NASA. One of these Data Systems Working Groups is called the Standards Process Group (SPG). This group's goal is to facilitate broader use of standards that have proven implementation and operational benefit to NASA Earth science. The process is fundamentally ... |
|
| Encapsulation Application Research of ArcSDE Access Interface in .Net Environment |
25 JUL 2005 |
|
| Authors:
Min Feng; Qingsheng Shang; Jianwen Guo; Yingchun Ge; CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LANZHOU (CHINA) COLD AND ARID REGIONS ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENG RESEARCH INST
|
| The GIS and Digital Roadbed System of the Qinghai-Tibet Railroad is developed in the .Net environment and designed to store and to manage the information along the Qinghai-Tibet railroad which is 1118km long and is constructed in the regions more than 4000m high Spatial data Management plays a very important role in this GIS, and ArcSDE was selected to implement the management of mass spatial data. How to connect ArcSDE ... |
|
| Hurricane Wind Vector Estimates from WindSat Polarimetric Radiometer |
25 JUL 2005 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Ian S. Adams; Christopther C. Hennon; W. L. Jones; Khalil Ahmad; MICROWAVE REMOTE SENSING CONSULTANTS COCOA BEACH FL
|
| WindSat is the world's first microwave polarimetric radiometer, designed to measure ocean vector winds. In late 2004, the first preliminary oceanic wind vector results were released, and this paper presents the first evaluation of this product for several Atlantic hurricanes during the 2003 season. Both wind speed and wind direction comparisons will be made with surface wind analysis (H*Wind) developed by the NOAA Hurricane Research Division (HRD) and provided by ... |
|
| Prototype Cryospheric Experimental Synthetic Aperture Radiometer (CESAR) |
25 JUL 2005 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Lawrence M. Hilliard; Norman L. Phelps; J. T. Riley; Thorsten M. Markus; Geoffrey L. Bland; Christopher Ruf; Roland W. Lawrence; Steven C. Reising; Thomas Pichel; NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION GREENBELT MD GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER
|
| Significantly enhanced spatial resolution is critically important to reduce the uncertainty of estimated cryospheric parameters in heterogeneous and climatically-sensitive areas; a spot size of no more than 100 m is necessary to retrieve the information needed. At Goddard Space Flight Center, active/passive microwave remote sensing calibration and validation programs have resulted in instrumentation that uses the underside of the fuselage and wing space of Uninhabited Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) as small ... |
|
| The Polar Sea Ice Cover from Aqua/AMSR-E |
25 JUL 2005 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Fumihiko Nishio; Josefino C. Comiso; CHIBA UNIV (JAPAN)
|
| Historical satellite data reveal that among the most remarkable manifestations of changes in the polar regions are the relatively rapid decline of 9 % per decade in the Arctic perennial ice cover and the 7% per decade retreat in the Bellingshaussen/Amundsen Seas ice cover in the Antarctic. The launch of the Advanced Multichannel Scanning Radiometer (AMSR-E) on board the EOS-Aqua satellite in 2002 has enabled the study the polar ice ... |
|
| Automated Selection of Results in Hierarchical Segmentations of Remotely Sensed Hyperspectral Images |
25 JUL 2005 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Antonio J. Plaza; James C. Tilton; UNIVERSIDAD DE EXTREMADURA CACERES (SPAIN) DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
|
| The hierarchical image segmentation (HSEG) algorithm is a hybrid of hierarchical step-wise optimization and constrained spectral clustering. Unlike most other segmentation approaches, HSEG produces a hierarchical set of image segmentations. A single segmentation level can be selected out of the segmentation hierarchy by examining how the features or individual regions change throughout the different levels of detail. Subsequently, the selection of a single segmentation result for each region can effectively ... |
|
| A Combined Foam-Spray Model for Ocean Microwave Radiometry |
25 JUL 2005 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Victor Raizer; ZEL TECHNOLOGIES LLC HAMPTON VA
|
| Passive microwave emissions from oceanic dispersed media are considered. The spray is modeled by the aggregates of spherical water droplets, and the foam is represented by a macroscopic system of hollow spherical water shells. Dielectric properties of foam and scattering-absorption characteristics of spray are incorporated through the boundary reflection coefficient and the radiative transfer equation. The model provides spectral band-to-band dependencies of the emission in a wide range of wavelengths ... |
|
| A Robust Solver for Incompressible Flow on Cartesian Grids with Colocated Variables |
13 JUL 2005 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
David R. Mott; Elaine S. Oran; Carolyn R. Kaplan; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC LAB FOR COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS AND FLUID DYNAMICS
|
| We describe a second-order finite-volume formulation for solving incompressible flow problems on Cartesian grids using a colocated arrangement of variables. A projection method is used, in which a provisional cell-centered velocity is obtained by integrating the effects of advection and viscous forces over the numerical time step. Interface velocities are then interpolated from the provisional cell-centered velocities and corrected using the solution of a Poission equation for the pressure distribution. ... |
|
| Modeling and Simulation Terrain Database Management |
JUL 2005 |
81 pages |
| Authors:
Grant Martin; Niki G. Goerger; Jeffrey Schamburg; Michael J. Kwinn Jr.; Michael L. McGinnis; MILITARY ACADEMY WEST POINT NY DEPT OFSYSTEM ENGINEERING
|
| The modeling and simulation (M&S) community relies on terrain databases to provide the underpinnings that drive analysis, acquisition, and training. Terrain database generation is cost and time prohibitive. Furthermore, the problem of organizing these terrain databases is much more difficult than maintaining a catalog of paper maps. Reuse of terrain databases is hampered by the difficulty in identifying and accessing existing terrain databases with potential for reuse. Terrain databases not ... |
|
| A System with Intelligent Editing for Extracting Ridge and Ravine Terrain Features |
30 JUN 2005 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Greg Schmidt; J. E. Swan II; Lawrence Rosenblum; Erik B. Tomlin; Derek Overby; ITT INDUSTRIES INC WHITE PLAINS NY
|
| We describe a system for extracting ridges and ravines from elevation data. The application context is a map-based military planning tool, which allows users to select ridges and ravines by simple mouse clicks. The extracted terrain features are complete in the application-specific sense that they conform to what our users expect a single ridge or ravine to look like. Supervision is supported by a graphical user interface, which allows an ... |
|
| Finding the Right Terrain Database |
23 JUN 2005 |
37 pages |
| Authors:
Grant Martin; Jeffrey Schamburg; Jr Kwinn Michael J.; MILITARY ACADEMY WEST POINT NY
|
| PURPOSE: To describe the methodology used to define the metadata for use in the Army Digital Terrain Library (ADTL). REVISED PROBLEM STATEMENT: Determine the essential metadata and significant functions that allow for efficient retrieval and organization of modeling and simulation terrain databases. |
|
| Generating Enhanced Natural Environments and Terrain for Interactive Combat Simulations (GENETICS) |
23 JUN 2005 |
84 pages |
| Authors:
William D. Wells; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA MODELING VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS AND SIMULATION
|
| GENETICS Project Overview: (1) Automatically construct realistic, vegetation-laden terrain using a minimum amount of readily-available source data, adding plausible details as needed. (2) This procedurally-created terrain must be replicable across a wide variety of simulation platforms, creating a consistent virtual world without any terrain databases being shared. |
|
| From Stucco to Stairwells: Inferring Attributes and Floorplans from Limited Geospecific Data |
23 JUN 2005 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
Dale Miller; LOCKHEED MARTIN SIMULATION TRAINING AND SUPPORT BELLEVUE WA
|
| Presentation on inferring attributes and floorplans from limited geospecific data in urban areas. Outline: Requirements; Urban Terrain Zones (UTZ); Statistical Geotypical Building Attribution; Geotypical Building Interior Configuration Layout. |
|
| New Real-time Modeling and Simulation Products and Applications |
09 MAY 2005 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Jr. Zywiol Harry J.; Patrick Nunez; TACOM RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER WARREN MI
|
| This paper examines recent developments in modeling and simulation products formulated for use in soldier-in-the-loop laboratories utilizing motion base simulators. New, real-time, ground platform mobility and terrain models have been demonstrated that show vehicle mobility interactions in soft soils. Laboratory data collections have been vastly improved via the incorporation of a new product called SimObserver(TradeMark) The paper also provides example experiment results recently performed to quantify soldier performance in moving ... |
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| Specray EM/Fermat - A New Modelling Radar Approach from Numerical Models of Terrain to SAR Images |
01 MAY 2005 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
J. Latger; H. J. Mametsa; A. Berges; OKTALE SE CO TOULOUSE (FRANCE)
|
| Tools for electromagnetic simulation, such as SPECRAY EM / FERMAT, a jointed development of OKTAL SE company and French ONERA EM research center, are well adapted to RCS or ISAR image computations down to millimetre wavelength for high realistic targets described using detailed CAD files. Moreover, this type of tool can be efficiently used in order to compute the same RCS of targets but taking into account the close environment, ... |
|
| Geometrical Considerations for Terrain Mapping in SBR Applications |
01-May-2005 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Ke Yong Li; Stephen Mangiat; S R Pillai; Braham Himed; C AND P TECHNOLOGIES INC CLOSTER NJ
|
| Knowledge aided signal processing calls for the use of existing information such as digitized image maps to further suppress clutter in a typical radar detection operation. In the context of space based radar (SBR) applications, given the SBR parameters and the look angles the first problem is to translate these parameters into a data point on a map. This is realized by converting these parameters into conventional latitude and longitude ... |
|
| Robust Learning and Segmentation for Scene Understanding |
MAY 2005 |
92 pages |
| Authors:
Ian S. Martin; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE DEPT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING AND COMPUTER SCIENCE
|
| This thesis demonstrates methods useful in learning to understand images from only a few examples, but they are by no means limited to this application. Boosting techniques are popular because they learn effective classification functions and identify the most relevant features at the same time. However, in general, they overfit and perform poorly on data sets that contain many features, but few examples. A novel stochastic regularization technique is presented, ... |
|
| Characterizing Land Use Change Trends Around the Perimeter of Military Installations |
APR 2005 |
105 pages |
| Authors:
Robert C. Lozar; William D. Meyer; Joel D. Schlagel; Robert H. Melton; Bruce A. MacAllister; Joseph S. Rank; Daniel P. MacDonald; Paul T. Cedfeldt; Pat M. Kirby; William D. Goran; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER CHAMPAIGN IL CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB
|
| The Total Army Basing Study (TABS) office, as one aspect of their stationing study, wished to determine the rate of development near the boundaries of nearly 100 military installations throughout the United States. The Engineer Research and Development Center proposed that this could be done by comparing the urbanization as derived from Ikonos images (taken around 2003 and acquired for all Services through the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency) to a digital ... |
|
| Feasibility Study of Integrating IDELIX's Pliable Display Technology into the COPlanS Technology Demonstration Software |
31 MAR 2005 |
43 pages |
| Authors:
IDELIX SOFTWARE INC VANCOUVER (BRITISHCOLUMBIA)
|
| This document examines the potential for enhancement of Defence Research and Development Canada's Collaborative Operations Planning System (COPlanS) technology demonstration software in the areas of collaboration and data visualization using IDELIX's Pliable Display Technology. In particular, it begins by outlining several possible forms of general collaboration that apply to the application and then defines a number of areas within the application with collaboration and data visualization improvement potential. Each of ... |
|
| Mathematical Analysis for Data and Image Processing |
30 MAR 2005 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Ronald A. DeVore; Robert C. Sharpley; SOUTH CAROLINA UNIV COLUMBIA DEPT OF MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS
|
| Research on this contract was directed towards areas of mathematics and numerical computation which have applications to image/signal processing. The research can be broadly classified into the following areas: (1) sparse representations of functions and data, (2) adaptivity for generating sparse representations, (3) learning theory, (4) compression of digital elevation maps, and (5) wireless communication. |
|
| Determination of Structure from Motion Using Aerial Imagery |
21 MAR 2005 |
61 pages |
| Authors:
Paul R. Graham; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| The structure from motion process creates three-dimensional models from a sequence of images. Until recently, most research in this field has been restricted to land-based imagery. This research examines the current methods of land-based structure from motion and evaluates their performance for aerial imagery. Current structure from motion algorithms search the initial image for features to track though the subsequent images. These features are used to create point correspondences between ... |
|
| Lines on a Map: Regional Orientations and United States Interagency Cooperation |
18 MAR 2005 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
John E. Pulliam Jr; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| The purpose of this paper is to examine one narrowly-focused aspect of United States government interagency cooperation. Many of the departments agencies and bureaus that contribute to our national security divide the globe into regions so that they can better manage their activities around the world. As two prime examples the Department of State has six regions each assigned to an Assistant Secretary of State while the Defense Department has ... |
|
| Real-Time Mapping Using Stereoscopic Vision Optimization |
MAR 2005 |
99 pages |
| Authors:
Kevin M. Biggs; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH DEPT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
|
| This research focuses on efficient methods of generating 2D maps from stereo vision in real-time. Instead of attempting to locate edges between objects, we make the assumption that the representative surfaces of objects in a view provide enough information to generate a map while taking less time to locate during processing. Since all real-time vision processing endeavors are extremely computationally intensive, numerous optimization techniques are applied to allow for a ... |
|
| Robot Mapping With Real-Time Incremental Localization Using Expectation Maximization |
MAR 2005 |
78 pages |
| Authors:
Kevin L. Owens; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| This research effort explores and develops a real-time sonar-based robot mapping and localization algorithm that provides pose correction within the context of a singe room, to be combined with pre-existing global localization techniques, and thus produce a single, well-formed map of an unknown environment. Our algorithm implements an expectation maximization algorithm that is based on the notion of the alpha-beta functions of a Hidden Markov Model. It performs a forward ... |
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| An Investigation of GeoBase Mission Data Set Design, Implementation, and Usage Within Air Force Civil Engineer Electrical and Utilities Work Centers |
MAR 2005 |
139 pages |
| Authors:
Paul C. Loeber; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| In 2001, the Office of the Civil Engineer, Installation and Logistics, Headquarters, United States Air Force, (ILE) identified Civil Engineer Squadrons as the central point of contact for all base-level mapping requirements/activities. In order to update mapping methods and procedures, ILE has put into place a program called GeoBase, which uses private sector Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology as a foundation. In its current state, GeoBase uses the concept of ... |
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| Analysis of Online-Delaunay Navigation for Time-Sensitive Targeting |
MAR 2005 |
78 pages |
| Authors:
David Chow; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| Given the drawbacks of leaving time-sensitive targeting (TST) strictly to humans, there is value to the investigation of alternative approaches to TST operations that employ autonomous systems. This paper accomplishes five things. First, it proposes a short-hop abbreviated routing paradigm (SHARP) - based on Delaunay triangulations (DT), ad-hoc communication, and autonomous control - for recognizing and engaging TSTs that, in theory, will improve upon persistence, the volume of influence, autonomy, ... |
|
| Houma Navigation Canal Deepening Project Terrebonne Parish, Louisiana: Cultural Resources Literature Search, Records Review and Research Design |
MAR 2005 |
163 pages |
| Authors:
Joanne Ryan; Richard A. Weinstein; Charles E. Pearson; COASTAL ENVIRONMENTS INC BATON ROUGE LA
|
| From October through December of 2003, Coastal Environments, Inc. (CEI), conducted a cultural resources literature search and records review as part of a U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (COE) New Orleans District re-evaluation study to determine if improvements to navigation along the Houma Navigation Canal, in Terrebonne Parish, Louisiana, are justified. These investigations are part of the planning to evaluate several alternatives to deepening the HNC from the authorized 15-foot ... |
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| Using Topographic Engineering to Achieve Dominance in Urban and Complex Terrain |
Mar-2005 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Ken Bergman; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER ALEXANDRIA VA TOPOGRAPHIC ENGINEERING CENTER
|
| Maneuver warfare concepts have been developed and used very effectively over the past three decades to achieve unprecedented levels of success in Operation Desert Storm in 1991 and Operation Iraqi Freedom in 2003. Much of the combat in these conflicts entailed operations in open and rolling terrain. The reason why U.S. forces dominate maneuver in such terrain is because they dominate the information in that environment, and they are able ... |
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| Using High Spatial Resolution Digital Imagery |
FEB 2005 |
104 pages |
| Authors:
Michael V. Campbell; Robert L. Fischer; Timothy Pangburn; Mark J. Hardenberg; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER HANOVER NH COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB
|
| This document is the culmination of over 3 years worth of applied research. The overall objective of this multi-year investigation was to assess the utility of high spatial resolution digital imagery to Corps civil works operations. The sources of remotely sensed data used in this research effort include digital airborne multispectral imaging technology, digital airborne hyperspectral imaging technology, and digital satellite multispectral images. System selection was based on the anticipated ... |
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| Examples of EO-1 Hyperion Data Analysis |
12 JAN 2005 |
|
| Authors:
M. K. Griffin; S. M. Hsu; H. K. Burke; S. M. Orloff; C. A. Upham; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH LEXINGTON LINCOLN LAB
|
| The EO-1 satellite is part of NASA's New Millennium Program (NMP). It consists of three imaging sensors: the multispectral Advanced Land Imager (ALI), Hyperion, and Atmospheric Corrector. Hyperion provides a high-resolution hyperspectral imager capable of resolving 220 spectral bands (from 0.4 to 2.5 micron) with a 30-m resolution. The instrument images a 7.5 km by 100 km land area per image. Hyperion is currently the only spaceborne HSI data source ... |
|
| Estimation of Agricultural Pesticide Use in Drainage Basins Using Land Cover Maps and County Pesticide Data. National Water-Quality Assessment Program |
2005 |
55 pages |
| Authors:
Naomi Nakagaki; David M. Wolock; GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESTON VA
|
| A geographic information system (GIS) was used to estimate agricultural pesticide use in the drainage basins of streams that are studied as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Program. Drainage basin pesticide use estimates were computed by intersecting digital maps of drainage basin boundaries with an enhanced version of the National Land Cover Data 1992 combined with estimates of 1992 agricultural pesticide use in each United ... |
|
| Estimation of Soil Moisture with the Combined L-Band Radar and Radiometer Measurements |
2005 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Jiancheng Shi; Y. Kim; J. J. van Zyl; E. Njoku; T. Jackson; K. S. Chen; P. O'Neill; CALIFORNIA UNIV SANTA BARBARA INST OF COMPUTATIONAL EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE
|
| This study demonstrates a technique of estimating soil moisture using the combined passive/active L-band microwave measurements. It shows 1) evaluation of the small albedo assumption for using dual polarization passive measurements, 2) development of a synthesized technique to estimate soil moisture, and 3) evaluation with ground soil moisture measurements from the SMEX02 experiment data. |
|
| A New Method for Atmospheric Correction and Aerosol Optical Property Retrieval for VIS-SWIR Multi- and Hyperspectral Imaging Sensors: QUAC (QUick Atmospheric Correction) |
2005 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
L. S. Bernstein; S. M. Adler-Golden; R. L. Sundberg; R. Y. Levine; T. C. Perkins; A. Berk; A. J. Ratkowski; G. Felde; M. L. Hoke; SPECTRAL SCIENCES INC BURLINGTON MA
|
| We describe a new VNIR-SWIR atmospheric correction method for multi- and hyperspectral imagery, dubbed QUAC (QUick Atmospheric Correction) that also enables retrieval of the wavelength-dependent optical depth of the aerosol or haze and molecular absorbers. It determines the atmospheric compensation parameters directly from the information contained within the scene using the observed pixel spectra. The approach is based on the empirical finding that the spectral standard deviation of a collection ... |
|
| Compilation of Data Sources Used to Construct Bottom-Sediment Province Maps for the United States East Coast Continental Shelf from Cape Kennedy to Cape Hatteras and for Various Indonesian Waters |
27 DEC 2004 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
W. C. Vaughan; Frederick A. Bowles; Joshua W. Chatelain; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS MARINE GEOSCIENCES DIV
|
| The purpose of this report is to document the data sources used to construct maps and digital databases of bottom-sediment type for a portion of the continental shelf off the eastern United States and for Indonesian waters. The east coast mapping region extends from approximately 28 deg-30 min N (Cape Canaveral) to 35 deg-30 min N (Cape Hatteras). Mapping of the Indonesian waters includes the Banda, Ceram, Molucca, Halmahera, and ... |
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| Change Detection Using RADARSAT-1 Interferometry: Mine Site Monitoring |
DEC 2004 |
|
| Authors:
Karim E. Mattar; DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CANADAOTTAWA (ONTARIO)
|
| This study examines the potential of using satellite repeat-pass interferometry for wide-area surveillance and change detection. Several RADARSAT-1 interferometric datasets were acquired in 2003 over active mines in South Australia and Saskatchewan, Canada. Three-colour ROB images derived from the various image magnitudes supplements and complements the interferometric coherence information for detecting even subtle scene changes. Together they were found to be a potentially valuable tool for wide area surveillance and ... |
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| Hierarchical DEM Refinement Using Surface Parallax |
DEC 2004 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Amit K. Agrawal; Reuven Meth; Rama Chellappa; MARYLAND UNIV COLLEGE PARK
|
| We present a multi-resolution approach to update and refine coarse 3D models of urban environments from a sequence of intensity images using surface parallax. A coarse and potentially incomplete depth map of the scene obtained from a Digital Elevation Map (DEM) is used as a reference surface which is refined and updated using this approach. We first estimate the camera motion using the reference depth map. Using the estimated camera ... |
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| A Spatiotemporal Helix Approach to Geospatial Exploitation of Motion Imagery |
DEC 2004 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Peggy Agouris; Anthony Stefanidis; Alper Caglayan; MILCORD LLC WALTHAM MA
|
| The transition from static to motion imagery enabled by UAVs, and distributed sensor networks introduces significant challenges monitoring multiple video streams, indexing large amounts of video, and retrieving video segments with significant spatiotemporal events. Current analyst workflow systems support spatiotemporal analysis minimally: analysts roam through large image mosaics, revisit the same area, and make use of accompanying geographic information systems (GIS) databases to examine the evolution of a scene. However, ... |
|
| Enhancing Situational Awareness Using Fisheye Lenses |
DEC 2004 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Garth Shoemaker; IDELIX SOFTWARE INC VANCOUVER (BRITISHCOLUMBIA)
|
| Advances in C4I technology are constantly increasing the amount and quality of information available to command personnel. This brings to the fore the challenge of managing, navigating, and comprehending this information as a requirement for making correct and timely decisions. We discuss the use of fisheye lenses, also known as detail-in-context lenses, to aid in geo-spatial and imagery data presentation and interaction on computer displays with the goal of increasing ... |
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| Heavy-Tailed, Non-Gaussian Nature of Terrain and its Implications for Terrain Modeling by L1 Splines |
DEC 2004 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
John E. Lavery; Shu-Cherng Fang; ARMY RESEARCH LAB RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK NC
|
| This paper presents the first step in establishing a link between the heavy-tailed nature of terrain and a new terrain modeling technique, L1 splines, that is, splines based on minimizing the L1 norm rather than the square of the L2 norm. To establish this link, we focus on the heavy-tailed nature of the second derivatives that occur in the L1 spline minimization principles. For one urban-terrain data set (Baltimore, Maryland) ... |
|
| Scalable Parallel Approximate Formulations of Multidimensional Spatial Auto-Regression Models for Spatial Data Mining |
DEC 2004 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Shashi Shekhar; Baris M. Kazar; David J. Lilja; ARMY HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING RESEARCH CENTER MINNEAPOLIS MN
|
| The spatial auto-regression (SAR) model is a popular spatial data analysis technique which has been used in many applications with geo-spatial datasets. However, exact solutions for estimating SAR parameters are computationally expensive due to the need to compute all the eigen-values of a very large matrix. Therefore, serial solutions for the SAR model do not scale up to map sizes of interest to the Army. Thus, we developed the parallel ... |
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| Photogrammetric Modeling and Image-Based Rendering for Rapid Virtual Environment Creation |
DEC 2004 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Charalambos Poullis; Andrew Gardner; Paul Debevec; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA MARINA DEL REY
|
| For realistic simulations, architecture is one of the most important elements to model and render photorealistically. Current techniques of converting architectural plans or survey data to CAD models are labor intensive, and methods for rendering such models are generally not photorealistic. In this work, we present a new approach for modeling and rendering existing architectural scenes from a sparse set of still photographs. For modeling, we use photogrammetric modeling techniques ... |
|
| Moving-Map Composers System Version 3.4P Acceptance Test Procedures Developed for the Finnish Air Force Modification for FIAF MMC System Without DMUI/DMU |
29 NOV 2004 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Michael E. Trenchard; Stephanie A. Myrick; Maura C. Lohrenz; Marlin L. Gendron; Jessica L. Watkins; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS MARINE GEOSCIENCES DIV
|
| This document provides detailed Acceptance Test Procedures (ATP) to be followed during the final test and evaluation of the FiAF (Finnish Air Force) Moving-Map Composer (MMC) System version 3.4P developed for the FiAF. This ATP is specifically designed to test the primary functions of the FiAF system that has been delivered and installed at FiAF Headquarters in Tikkokoski, Finland on April 24-25,2003. Please note that the delivered MMC system does ... |
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| Test Specification for the Alternate Repair Verification Process of the Finnish Air Force Digital Memory Unit Writer |
30 SEP 2004 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Michael E. Trenchard; Lancelot Riedlinger; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS MAPPING CHARTING AND GEODESY BRANCH
|
| The Digital Memory Unit Writer (DMU) is a ruggedized optical drive assembly built by Honeywell. The DMU writer is used specifically to write specially formatted map data to militarized Aircraft Optical Disks (AOD) for use in the AN/ASQ-l96 Digital Map System (consisting of both a Digital Map Computer and a DMU reader) of both U.S. and ally AV-8B Harrier and F/A-18 Hornet aircraft. The AN/ASQ-196 and its support equipment (including ... |
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| Parallel Simulation of Moving Boundary Flow Using Overset Adaptive Cartesian/Prism Grids and DES |
30 SEP 2004 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Z. J. Wang; MICHIGAN STATE UNIV EAST LANSING DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
|
| Two major tasks have been undertaken in this year: the development of OverCart- the overset Cartesian/prism grid generator and adaptor, and the enhancement of the flow solver to handle moving overset Cartesian/prism grids. Satisfactory progresses have been made in both tasks, and we are on target and within budget to accomplish all the planned research and development efforts. More specifically, the following activities have been carried out from March 1 ... |
|
| Innovative Navigation Systems to Support Digital Geophysical Mapping, ESTCP #200129, Phase II Demonstrations |
25 SEP 2004 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Janet Simms; Larry Carin; ARMY ENGINEERING AND SUPPORT CENTER HUNTSVILLE AL
|
| This report covers the Phase II demonstrations of innovative navigation systems to support geophysical mapping. Phase II focuses on navigation equipment integrated with geophysical sensors applied in the search for potential ordnance and explosive items. The prior Phase I demonstrations used basic navigation technologies without geophysical equipment. Eight demonstrators were evaluated for their position performance in the open and in the woods at the McKinley Range, Redstone Arsenal, AL, OE ... |
|
| Inspections of Previously Monitored Rubble-Mound Coastal Structures |
SEP 2004 |
54 pages |
| Authors:
Robert R. Bottin Jr.; Larry R. Tolliver; Glenn B. Myrick; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS COASTAL AND HYDRAULICSLAB
|
| This report presents results of inspections of rubble-mound coastal structures monitored previously under the Monitoring Completed Navigation Projects (MCNP) Program. Expedient, low-cost walking inspections were performed at 11 sites. Positions of breakwater and jetty armor units were compared with their positions in previous aerial photography and photogrammetric surveys. Settlement of portions of the structures as well as voids in their armor cover also was noted, and photographs of the structures ... |
|
| High Resolution Sea Surface Mapping Radar System |
01 JUN 2004 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Ivan Popstefanija; PROSENSING INC AMHERST MA
|
| This Phase I SBIR Final Report addresses the development of a novel rapid scanning radar interferometer designed to map the surface topography of the ocean surface within several hundred meters of an unmanned surface vehicle (USV). A system capable of mapping local sea conditions can help stabilize a USV in high seas by providing input data to an adaptive vessel control system. The proposed interferometer will operate in much the ... |
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| Calibration and Validation of High Frequency Radar for Ocean Surface Current Mapping |
JUN 2004 |
|
| Authors:
Kyung C. Kim; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| High Frequency (HF) radar backscatter instruments are being developed and tested in the marine science and defense science communities for their abilities to sense surface parameters remotely in the coastal ocean over large areas. In the Navy context, the systems provide real-time mapping of ocean surface currents and waves critical for characterizing and forecasting the battle space environment. |
|
| Off-Grid Perfect BCs for the FDTD Method |
23 APR 2004 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Yotka S. Rickard; Natalia K. Nikolova; MCMASTER UNIV HAMILTON (ONTARIO)
|
| This paper presents a method for implementing off-grid boundary conditions (BCs) within Yee's Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method, without disturbing the existing uniform mesh or changing the standard FDTD code. Both perfect electric conductor (PEC) and perfect magnetic conductor (PMC) walls are considered. The field values at off-grid virtual boundaries are obtained by extrapolation of adjacent field values. The method greatly enhances the flexibility of the FDTD method with respect to ... |
|
| Finland Air Force F/A-18 Moving-Map Composer (MMC) Version 3.4P, Software User's Manual |
09 APR 2004 |
74 pages |
| Authors:
Maura C. Lohrenz; Stephanie A. Myrick; Michael E. Trenchard; Marlin L. Gendron; Jessica L. Watkins; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS MARINE GEOSCIENCES DIV
|
| This report documents the Moving Map Composer (MMC) software system developed by scientists in NRL Code 7440.1. This is the third edition of the MMC User's Manual (the first and second editions are NRL/FR/7441--97-9677 and NRL/ FR/7440--00-9983, respectively) and reflects changes that were implemented for the version 3.4P release of MMC. |
|
| Visualising Line-of-Sight Information in Matlab |
MAR 2004 |
|
| Authors:
David Mewett; Damian Hall; Adam Davies; DEFENCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANISATION EDINBURGH (AUSTRALIA) INTELLIGENCE SURVEILLANCE RECONN DIV
|
| There are many ways to visualize areas that are within line-of-sight of a sensor or communications transmitter. This document explains how to use combinations of commands from Matlab and the Matlab Mapping Toolbox to display line-of-sight information in maps. Line-of-sight information may be required for analysis in several areas relevant to Defense, including surveillance, reconnaissance, and communications. The techniques described here were developed for applications including radar siting and visibility ... |
|
| Tools of War |
Mar-2004 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
John A Jr; Trey Birdwell; Klemunes; COMBINED JOINT TASK FORCE (CJTF)-7 BAGHDAD (IRAQ)
|
| Successful future operations depend on lessons learned from previous operations. This implies incremental improvements and review of each process. Tracking explosive hazards during Operation Iraqi Freedom is an example of improving operations by using lessons learned from Operation Desert Storm and the stability missions in Bosnia and Kosovo. Minefields and unexploded ordnance (UXO) are battlefield hazards that remain long after combat operations have ceased. Tracking explosive hazards continuously throughout operations ... |
|
| Joint/Army Geospatial Data Enhancement |
Mar-2004 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Ken Bergman; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER ALEXANDRIA VA TOPOGRAPHIC ENGINEERING CENTER
|
| This article presents an overview of the essential types of terrain data, their uses and methods of collection, and the use of joint capabilities to overcome terrain data shortfalls. Examples of Army geospatial data enhancement are provided to show how service-level terrain data production can contribute to the warfighter. The Army requires digital terrain (geospatial) data to function effectively on the battlefield. Today's forces use geospatial data in computer systems ... |
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| Commercial Imagery Satellite Threat: How Can U.S. Forces Protect Themselves? |
09 FEB 2004 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Denette L. Sleeth; NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI JOINT MILITARY OPERATIONS DEPT
|
| Commercially available satellite imagery represents a growing threat to U.S. military operations. To mitigate this threat, the operational commander has a variety of techniques or methods to consider during planning. Some mitigation methods, such as shutter control, diplomacy, or buy-to-deny, require approval and coordination with outside agencies. Other methods, such as jamming, laser blinding, or synchronized operations, require a thoroughly integrated plan to ensure U.S. forces are protected and able ... |
|
| The Compression of Digital Terrain Elevation Data (DTED) Using JPEG2000 |
FEB 2004 |
|
| Authors:
M. J. Owen; M. W. Grigg; DEFENCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANISATION SALISBURY (AUSTRALIA) INFO SCIENCES LAB
|
| This report summarises the results of an investigation of the applicability of the JPEG20O0 compression system to Digital Terrain Elevation Data (DTED) and in particular the application of the region-of-interest, ROI, capabilities built into the standard. JPEG2000 is a new image compression standard offering a number of advantages, particularly relevant to Defence, over previous image compression standards. Its application to DTED would not normally be considered, given that DTED is ... |
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| Detecting and Mining Similarities, Differences and Target Patterns in Sequences of Images Using the PFF, LGG and SPNG Approaches |
2004 |
49 pages |
| Authors:
Despina Bourbakis; AUTOMATION INTEGRATION OF INFORMATION AND SYSTEMS WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP OH
|
| In phase I the identification and significance of the problem was the mining images, especially sequences of images or video for detecting-extracting, fusing and recognizing differences, changes and associating patterns. These types of problems are difficult challenges in the image analysis and computer vision research community. These difficulties mainly due to the textural nature of the images and the possible noisy conditions during their capture. The recognition component was not ... |
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| Arctic Shoreline Delineation & Feature Detection Using RADARSAT-1 Interferometry: Case Study Over Alert |
DEC 2003 |
|
| Authors:
Karim E. Mattar; Lloyd Gallop; DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CANADAOTTAWA (ONTARIO)
|
| Extensive ground truth carried out in and around Alert in 2002 permitting testing the geometric calibration of RADARSAT- 1, optimizing the capability of RADARSAT- 1 interferometry to delineate coastlines and riverbeds in an Arctic environment, and investigating the detection of various targets and features of potential interest. Surveyed comer reflectors helped demonstrate that a ground reference point greatly improves the geometric calibration of RADARSAT-1 images. A new coherence filter was ... |
|
| Rendering Large-Scale Terrain Models and Positioning Objects in Relation to 3D Terrain |
DEC 2003 |
133 pages |
| Authors:
Brian E. Hittner; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Computer generated 3D graphics have been commonplace in computing since the early 1990's. However, most 3D scenes have focused on relatively small areas such as rooms or buildings. Rendering large scale landscapes based on 3D geometry generally did not occur because the scenes generated tended to use up too much system memory and overburden 3D graphics cards with too many polygons. However, there are applications where the terrain is critical ... |
|
| Spectral Demixing and Spectral Index Correlations for Subpixel Quantification of Land-Cover Components from Coarse Resolution Imagery at Fort Bliss, Texas |
DEC 2003 |
151 pages |
| Authors:
Scott Tweddale; William Jackson; Paul Pope; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER CHAMPAIGN IL CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB
|
| Fort Bliss, Texas is a Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC) installation located in the northern Chihuahuan Desert of western Texas and south-central New Mexico. Encompassing approximately 445,170 hectares (1.1 million acres), it is the single largest TRADOC installation. Because Fort Bliss is located within an arid ecosystem characterized by slow vegetative growth, its land is more susceptible to long-term disturbance. Fort Bliss natural resource managers require a timely and cost-effective ... |
|
| Desert Pavement Studies |
30 NOV 2003 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
P. K. Haff; DUKE UNIV DURHAM NC SCHOOL OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND EARTH SCIENCES
|
| Combining plan view information from aerial photography showing details of stream channels on desert pavement surfaces with process-based erosion models, a high-resolution, "synthetic topography" DEM (with resolution similar to that of the photograph) is constructed. This topographic information is used to route water to small channels (usually unresolved on standard topographic maps) on the pavement surface that support most of the vegetation. Estimates of water discharge in these channels are ... |
|
| Desert Pavement Studies |
30 NOV 2003 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Peter K. Haff; Lesley Glass; Mark Strudley; DUKE UNIV DURHAM NC SCHOOL OF THE ENVIRONMENT AND EARTH SCIENCES
|
| Combining plan view information from aerial photography showing details of stream channels on desert pavement surfaces with process-based erosion models, a high-resolution, synthetic topography DEM (with resolution similar to that of the photograph) is constructed. This topographic information is used to route water to small channels (usually unresolved on standard topographic maps) on the pavement surface that support most of the vegetation. Estimates of water discharge in these channels are ... |
|
| Mapping Charting and Geodesy Branch. Abstracts of Publications 2000-2002 |
28 NOV 2003 |
208 pages |
| Authors:
Michael M. Harris; Dianne M. James; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS
|
| This document contains abstracts from publications written by the Naval Research Laboratory's Mapping, Charting, and Geodesy (MC&G) Branch during the period 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2002. During that time period, the MC&G Branch published 11 chapters in books, 28 journal articles, and 26 NRL reports. The majority of the abstracts (83) are from conference proceedings. A video, 6 web pages, and 19 abstracts were also published. Abstracts from ... |
|
| Digital Mapping Charting and Geodesy analysis Program (DMAP) Review of Technical Initiatives for FY03 |
10 NOV 2003 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
John L. Breckenridge; Kevin B. Shaw; Hillary C. Mesick; Ruth A. Wilson; Frank P. McCreedy; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS MARINE GEOSCIENCES DIV
|
| The Naval DMAP serves as a technical representative for the Oceanographer of the Navy, NO96 to address significant issues relevant to the Navy's use and development of digital Mapping, Charting & Geodesy (MC&G) data. These efforts may include: (1) Technical Evaluations, (2) Advanced Techniques/ Demonstrations, (3) Final quality control for Digital Nautical Chart (DNC) data, and (4) MC&G Standards Development. This report describes the extent of FY03 efforts relevant to ... |
|
| Digital Mapping, Charting, and Geodesy Analysis Program (DMAP). Technical Review of Tactical Ocean Data - Levels 3 (TOD3) |
30 OCT 2003 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
John L. Breckenridge; Hillary C. Mesick; Kevin B. Shaw; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB MONTEREY CA
|
| The Tactical Ocean Data-Level 3 (TOD3) Performance Specification offers a definition of the content and format for this emerging standard Mapping, Chanting, & Geodesy (MC&G) product. As a vector-type product, TOD3 is designed to portray seafloor configuration, particularly in shallow water areas between 20 meters and 200 meters, along with non-submarine contacts data in a manner suitable for supporting subsurface navigation. TOD3 design is based upon the need for using ... |
|
| A Statistical Approach to 3D Terrain Reconstruction |
19 SEP 2003 |
43 pages |
| Authors:
Ross T. Whitaker; UTAH UNIV SALT LAKE CITY
|
| This report summarizes the work and accomplishments of the University of Utah on the ONR grant N00014-01-1-0033 entitled "A Statistical Approach To 3D Terrain Reconstruction". The report, as agreed with the Program Officer, Dr. L. Rosenblum, is the same as the presentation of the final meeting for this project, and consists of a series of slides with notes that explain the meaning of each slide. The report describes the motivation ... |
|
| Combating Uncertainty With Fusion |
08 SEP 2003 |
|
| Authors:
Diana E. Jennings; Misha Pavel; MARINE BIOLOGICAL LAB WOODS HOLE MA
|
| This report is a summary of a NASA/ONR-sponsored workshop, Combating Uncertainty with Fusion, that was organized in Woods Hole in April 2002. The main purpose of the workshop was to address a class of difficult computational problems that are characterized by combining large amounts of data or datasets from diverse sources that are related in complex, stochastic, and poorly understood ways. The intent was to determine whether understanding of biological ... |
|
| SPOT 5/HRS: A Key Source for Navigation Database |
02 SEP 2003 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Marc Bernard; SPOT IMAGE (FRANCE)
|
| Briefing charts from presentation on the applications and benefits of high resolution stereoscopy(HRS) for aerial navigation and digital image databases. |
|
| Detecting and Measuring Temporal Phenomenon With High Resolution Satellite Imagery |
SEP 2003 |
59 pages |
| Authors:
Andrew J. Hittner; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| A new operating mode for imaging satellites has been developed. The non-imaging mode is designed to provide high temporal resolution data time varying targets. The idea is to use linear pushbroom arrays with kilohertz sampling rates to not only detect, but also measure the frequency of temporally varying targets. For satellite operations this will involve satellite slewing at a rate which cancels the effects of satellite orbital motion. This concept ... |
|
| Digital Atlas and Evaluation of the Influence of Inter-Annual Variability on Climate Analyses |
Sep-2003 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
A M Suvorov; D R Palmer; A K Khaliulin; E A Godin; V N Belokopytov; NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION MIAMI FL ATLANTIC OCEANOGRAPHIC AND METEOROLOGICAL LABS
|
| The Black Sea is a well-investigated marine basin. Since 1980 more than 100,000 oceanographic stations have been established in it. However, their distribution in time and location is not uniform and the number of observations significantly decreases with depth. Comparisons of climate products obtained from temperature and salinity data at different periods of time are characterized by significant differences. This can be explained by the fact that many results were ... |
|
| Addendum to the Software Users' Manual (Third Edition) for the AV-8B Map System II: Moving-Map Composer Version 3.6 |
29 AUG 2003 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Stephanie A. Myrick; Michael E. Trenchard; Jessica L. Watkins; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS MARINE GEOSCIENCES DIV
|
| This report is an addendum to the third edition of the Moving-Map Composer (MMC) Users' Manual (NRL/FR/7440-00-10,041). It reflects changes implemented for the latest release of MMC version 3.6, which include: 1) More efficient and automated Aircraft Optical Disk (AOD) recycling enhancements that reduce the number of superdirectories used; 2) Correction of reported problems with the dataframe manager; 3) Correction of reported problems with scanning paper charts. All other MMC ... |
|
| JBI Distributed Test Bed (JBI-DT) Video |
AUG 2003 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas Heath; NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORP ROME NY DEFENSE MISSION SYSTEMS
|
| This final technical report will describe the efforts and accomplishments performed under contract to the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), Rome Research Site (RRS). The original terms of this contract specified the incorporation of Motion Imagery Exploitation capabilities, provided by AFRL's Exploitation Toolkit for Video (XTV), into the Joint Battlespace Infosphere (JBI). However, given the relatively small dollar amount of the contract, and the potential benefits anticipated for this purpose, ... |
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| Spatial Data Methods and Vague Regions: A Rough Set Approach |
09 JUL 2003 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Theresa Beaubouef; Frederick E. Petry; Roy Ladner; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS MARINE GEOACOUSTICS DIV
|
| Uncertainty management has been considered essential for real world applications, and spatial data and geographic information systems in particular require some means for managing uncertainty and vagueness. Rough sets have been shown to be an effective tool for data mining and uncertainty management in databases. The 9-intersection, region connection calculus (RCC), and egg-yolk methods have proven useful for modeling topological relations in spatial data. In this paper, we apply rough ... |
|
| AV-8B Map System II: Moving-Map Composer (MMC) Version 3.5, Software User's Manual (Third Edition) |
27 JUN 2003 |
93 pages |
| Authors:
Stephaine A. Myrick; Jessica L. Watkins; Maura C. Lohrenz; Michael E. Trenchard; Marlin L. Gendron; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS MARINE GEOSCIENCES DIV
|
| This report documents the Moving Map Composer (MMC) software system developed by scientists in NRL Code 744O.1. This is the third edition of the MMC User's Manual (the first and second editions are NRL/FR/744l--97-9677 and NRL/ FR/7440--OO-9983, respectively). The third edition reflects changes that were implemented for the latest release (version 3.5) of MMC. The MMC software is resident on the Map-II Station portion of the AV-8B Mission Support System, ... |
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| Texture Analysis of High Resolution Panchromatic Imagery for Terrain Classification |
JUN 2003 |
155 pages |
| Authors:
Matthew D. Humphrey; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Terrain classification is studied here using the tool of texture analysis of high-spatial resolution panchromatic imagery. This study analyzes the impact and effectiveness of texture analysis on terrain classification within the Elkhorn Slough Estuary and surrounding farmlands within the central California coastal region. Ikonos panchromatic (1 meter) and multispectral (4 meter) imagery data are examined to determine the impact of adding texture analysis to the standard MSI classification approaches. Spectral ... |
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| A Comparative Study for Orthogonal Subspace Projection and Constrained Energy Minimization |
JUN 2003 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Qian Du; Hsuan Ren; Chein-I Chang; MARYLAND UNIV BALTIMORE DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
|
| In this letter, we conduct a comparative study and investigate the relationship between two well-known techniques in hyperspectral image detection and classification: orthogonal subspace projection (OSP) and constrained energy minimization (CEM). It is shown that they are closely related and essentially equivalent provided that the noise is white with large SNR. Based on this relationship, the performance of OSP can be improved via data-whitening and noise-whitening processes. |
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| Reserve Component Contribution to Imagery Intelligence |
22 MAY 2003 |
73 pages |
| Authors:
Ann E. Stafford; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SCHOOL OF ADVANCED MILITARY STUDIES
|
| One of six primary intelligence disciplines, IMINT traditionally has accounted for the lion's share of intelligence-derived information since World War II. Because raw imagery has limited value until it has been exploited, the increased volume of raw imagery demands an enhanced ability for combatant commanders and the National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA) to effectively manage imagery exploitation assets in support of combatant commanders strategic and operational intelligence requirements. A ... |
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| Training Device Software Enhancement |
14 MAY 2003 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen J. Dow; ALABAMA UNIV IN HUNTSVILLE DEPT OF MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES
|
| The set of SED Basic Skills Trainers display 3D target models on a background panoramic terrain image created from photographs. This report documents the mathematical methods and operational details used to stitch individual photographs into a composite terrain image. |
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| Moving Map Composer: A Tool for Consolidating Tasks Associated With the Design, Creation, and Management of Digital Aeronautical Chart Products for Navy Aircraft |
13 MAY 2003 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Stephanie A. Myrick; Maura C. Lohrenz; Marlin L. Gendron; Michael E. Trenchard; Lancelot M. Riedlinger; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS MARINE GEOSCIENCES DIV
|
| Scientists from the Naval Research Laboratory at Stennis Space Center (NRLSSC) have developed a software tool called Moving Map Composer (MMC) to help aircrew design and build mission-specific digital aeronautical chart coverage for use in mission planning systems and inflight moving-map displays. Aircrew can also use MMC to edit and incorporate other sources of information into these mission-specific coverage files MMC is comprised of a series of Graphical User Interfaces ... |
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| Access to Environmental Data via NRL's Geospatial Information Database |
19 MAR 2003 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Mike Harris; Kevin Shaw; Frank McCreedy; Roy Ladner; Ruth Wilson; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS MARINE GEOSCIENCES DIV
|
| The Naval Research Laboratory's (NRL) Geospatial Information Database (GIDB) Portal System is a standards-based portal for geospatial information discovery, access and mapping over the Internet. The system has proven to be a powerful tool for gathering heterogeneous environmental data from disparate databases distributed across the Internet. Information is displayed in a "GIS like" fashion for data overlay and comparison using NRL's or other popular viewers Data can be exported in ... |
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| Human Factors Study: Vector Map Evaluation for TAMMAC |
07 MAR 2003 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Michael E. Trenchard; Stephanie S. Edwards; William K. Clarke; Maura C. Lohrenz; Christopher Collins; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
|
| The Tactical Aircraft Moving Map Capability (TAMMAC) Program (NAVAIR PMA-209) has identified the use of vector map products as a high priority growth item. The TAMMAC Program will conduct an EME) effort during FY03-FY05 to incorporate the use of vector map data, specifically, the National Imagery and Mapping Agency's (NIMA) Vector Product Format (VPF) standard. In support of this effort, the Naval Research Laboratory was tasked to evaluate the potential ... |
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| Mapping Colombia: The Correlation Between Land Data and Strategy |
MAR 2003 |
55 pages |
| Authors:
Geoffrey Demarest; ARMY WAR COLL STRATEGIC STUDIES INST CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| In this monograph, Dr. Geoffrey Demarest addresses what at first glance-seems to be an esoteric and inconsequential issue. The mapping of Colombian national territory, however, is fundamental to the problem of control of national territory. As a threshold matter, policy, strategy, and military asset management in contemporary conflict in virtually any unstable part of the world must deal with the problem of governance in lawless areas." Unless a central government ... |
|
| The California Coastal Jet: Synoptic Controls and Topographically Induced Mesoscale Structure |
MAR 2003 |
195 pages |
| Authors:
Patrick S. Cross; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF METEOROLOGY
|
| The low-level jet along the coast of southern Oregon and California is examined in detail through an extensive data set and the application of COAMPS, a mesoscale model, for the purpose of improving forecasts in challenging littoral environments. The jet forms within the broad equatorward flow established by the pressure gradient between cool ocean and warm land. The inception of the jet along the coast is about 250 km south ... |
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| A Multispectral Terrain Database Development Process to Support Legacy Mission Simulation Environments |
MAR 2003 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Jim Zeh; Dan Caudill; Bret Givens; Rob Subr; Brian Miller; VERIDIAN ENGINEERING DAYTON OH
|
| The Air Force Research Laboratory, Air Vehicles Directorate, Control Sciences Division, AFRL/VAC, has developed a process for constructing large- area, 3-dimensional, multispectral terrain databases to support Simulation-Based R&D (SBR&D), concept development simulation, research, and T&E activities. The Multispectral database (MsDB) development effort was intended to investigate a database development approach built from multispectral/hyperspectral imagery and elevation data that also incorporates material classification data capable of supporting realistic out-of-the-window visual and ... |
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| Rapid and Affordable Generation of Terrain and Detailed Urban Feature Data |
FEB 2003 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Edward M. Mikhail; PURDUE UNIV LAFAYETTE IN SCHOOL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
|
| This project, which was scheduled to terminate in November 2001, was extended to January 2003 to allow more time for technology transfer. The last report covered the period from the beginning of the project through December 2001. It provided documentation of the following: all papers written to that date (46), number of personnel supported (36), number of degrees awarded (12 PhD and 10 Masters), and the various awards and recognitions ... |
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| Designing and Building a Vector Feature Database |
23 JAN 2003 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Marlin Gendron; Stephanie S. Edwards; Geary Layne; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS MARINE GEOSCIENCES DIV
|
| High-resolution imagery can be stored on the computer in digital form as a picture, for example, a digital raster map image file. These images then can be geo-registered by computing coefficients from points with known latitude and longitude locations. Features such as roads and airports can be extracted by applying image-processing techniques to the geo-registered raster image. Attributes describing these features and their geographical locations are stored in a "vector ... |
|
| Electronic Moving Map |
Jan-2003 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Stephanie S Edwards; Marlin L Gendron; Maura C Lohrenz; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS
|
| The U.S. Navy has identified the need for an accurate, user-friendly navigation device to guide amphibious craft drivers. The standard navigation equipment in these craft has proven inadequate. Problems associated with the current navigation processes include, but are not limited to, low visibility, complex task management, and cramped internal space. A moving map system provides the user with an accurate and visual depiction of the operating environment. This enhances both ... |
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| Benchmarking the Performance of a Cluster-Based Geospatial Database System |
2003 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Venkata Mahadevan; Mahdi Abdelguerfi; Kevin Shaw; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS MARINE GEOSCIENCES DIV
|
| The advent of inexpensive high performance computing clusters has opened the doorway to a wide range of applications that hitherto had been inconceivable. Such clusters can provide certain applications with a substantial boost in both compute and I/O performance. Therefore, it seems logical that Geographic Information Systems (GIS) applications would be an ideal fit for such systems. This paper presents a scheme to distribute geospatial data across several compute nodes ... |
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| Earth Observing-1 Advanced Land Imager: Imaging Performance On-Orbit |
31 DEC 2002 |
|
| Authors:
D. R. Hearn; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH LEXINGTON LINCOLN LAB
|
| This report analyzes the on-orbit imaging performance of the Advanced Land Imager (ALI) on the Earth Observing-1 satellite. The pre-flight calibrations are first summarized. The methods used to reconstruct and geometrically correct the image data from this push-broom sensor are described. The method used here does not refer to the position and attitude telemetry from the spacecraft. Rather, it is assumed that the image of the scene moves across the ... |
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| Digital Mapping, Charting, and Geodesy Analysis Program (DMAP). Technical Review of Vector Data Update (VDU) Layer |
10 DEC 2002 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Hillary C. Mesick; Susan V. Carter; John L. Breckenridge; Ruth A. Wilson; Kevin B. Shaw; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS
|
| The Vector Data Update (VDU) is a standard digital Geospatial Information and Services (GI&S) product used by the National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA) to transmit Digital Nautical Chart (DNC) data updates to Naval Operational Forces, including Navy ships at sea. This review, conducted by the Naval Digital Mapping, Charting, and Geodesy (MC&G) Analysis Program (DMAP) at Stennis Space Center, MS, examines the Draft Performance Specification for VDU Layer, dated ... |
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| Conceptual Methods for Generation of Urban Terrain Data for Military Operations in Urban Terrain (MOUT) |
DEC 2002 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Charles D. Hahn; Laura S. Bunch; Jerrell R. Ballard Jr; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS ENVIRONMENTAL LAB
|
| Computer modeling and simulation (M&S) for military purposes has become more and more important with dwindling military budgets but more complex military equipment. M&S allows military weapons designers to test weapons systems under a variety of environmental conditions and under many varying terrains at a far lower cost than testing under real conditions. M&S also provides troops with intensive training on complex military systems without fuel costs, wear and tear ... |
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| Alert 2002 Ground Truth Missions for Arctic Shoreline Delineation and Feature Extraction |
DEC 2002 |
|
| Authors:
Karim E. Mattar; Lloyd Gallop; Janice Lang; DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CANADAOTTAWA (ONTARIO)
|
| This technical memo is part of a study to develop and test tools and techniques for improved accuracy, reliability and automation of shoreline delineation and feature extraction, with particular emphasis on the arctic environment. This memo details the RADARSAT imagery and extensive ground truth collected during the spring and summer of 2002 in CFS Alert, Nunavut. The ground truth includes deployment of four radar corner reflectors, measurement of several shorelines ... |
|
| Attentional Selection for Object Recognition - A Gentle Way |
NOV 2002 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Dirk Walther; Laurent Itti; Maximilian Riesenhuber; Tomaso Poggio; Christof Koch; CALIFORNIA INST OF TECH PASADENA COMPUTATIONAL AND NEURAL SYSTEMS PROGRAM
|
| Attentional selection of an object for recognition is often modeled using all-or-nothing switching of neuronal connection pathways from the attended region of the retinal input to the recognition units. However, there is little physiological evidence for such all-or-none modulation in early areas. We present a combined model for spatial attention and object recognition in which the recognition system monitors the entire visual field, but attentional modulation by as little as ... |
|
| A System for Three-Dimensional Robotic Mapping of Underground Mines |
27 OCT 2002 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Michael Montemerlo; Dirk Haehnel; David Ferguson; Rudolph Triebel; Wolfram Burgard; Scott Thayer; William Whittaker; Sebastian Thrun; CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA SCHOOL OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
|
| The authors describe two robotic systems for acquiring high-resolution volumetric maps of underground mines. Their systems have been deployed in an operational coal mine in Bruceton, Pennsylvania, where they have been used to generate interactive 3-dimensional maps. Their approach includes a novel sensor head assembled from multiple SICK laser range finders, and a real-time algorithm for scan matching that generates accurate volumetric maps. The scan matching algorithm performs horizontal and ... |
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| Simultaneous Mapping and Localization with Sparse Extended Information Filters: Theory and Initial Results (revised) |
20 OCT 2002 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Sebastian Thrun; Daphne Koller; Zoubin Ghahramani; Hugh Durrant-Whyte; Andrew Y. Ng; CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA SCHOOL OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
|
| This paper describes a scalable algorithm for the simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) problem. SLAM is the problem of determining the location of environmental features with a roving robot. Many of today's popular techniques are based on extended Kalman filters (EKFs), which require update time quadratic in the number of features in the map. This paper develops the notion of sparse extended information filters (SEIFs) as a new method for ... |
|
| VGRID: A Generic, Dynamic HDF5 Storage Model for Georeferenced, Grid Data |
Oct-2002 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Chad A Steed; James E Braud; Kim A Koehler; SPACE AND NAVAL WARFARE SYSTEMS COMMAND WASHINGTON DC
|
| This paper describes the Variable resolution GRID (VGRID) storage model designed to support the storage and retrieval of bathymetric data collected through the Precision Underwater Mapping (PUMA) System using the Tactical Environmental Data Server (TEDS) and the Naval Oceanographic Office's (NAVOCEANO) Digital Bathymetric Data Base - Variable (DBDB-V) Resolution product. Although VGRID has been developed for PUMA bathymetry, its generic implementation makes it suitable for use with any type of ... |
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| Digital Mapping, Charting, and Geodesy Analysis Program (DMAP) Technical Review of Consolidated Vector Product Format Specifications and Related Documents |
30 SEP 2002 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
John L. Breckenridge; Hillary C. Mesick; Susan V. Carter; Kevin B. Shaw; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS MARINE GEOSCIENCES DIV
|
| Technical reviews of the Tactical Ocean Data Levels 0, 1, and 2 Performance Specifications were performed by the Digital Mapping, Charting, and Geodesy Analysis Program (DMAP). Background, discussion, recommendations, and conclusions are presented for each review. |
|
| Digital Mapping, Charting, and Geodesy Analysis Program (DMAP) Technical Review of Tactical Ocean Data (TOD) Levels 0, 1, 2 |
30 SEP 2002 |
|
| Authors:
John L. Breckenridge; Hillary C. Mesick; Susan V. Carter; Kevin B. Shaw; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS
|
| Technical reviews of the Tactical Ocean Data Levels 0,1, and 2 Performance Specifications were performed by the Digital Mapping, Charting, and Geodesy Analysis Program (DMAP). Background, discussion, recommendations, and conclusions are presented for each review. |
|
| Simultaneous Mapping and Localization with Sparse Extended Information Filters: Theory and Initial Results (revised) |
28 SEP 2002 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Sebastian Thrun; Daphne Koller; Zoubin Ghahramani; Hugh Durrant-Whyte; CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA SCHOOL OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
|
| This paper describes a scalable algorithm for the simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) problem. SLAM is the problem of determining the location of environmental features with a roving robot. Many of today's popular techniques are based on extended Kalman filters (EKFs), which require update time quadratic in the number of features in the map. This paper develops the notion of sparse extended information filters (SEIFs) as a new method for ... |
|
| Digital Mapping, Charting, and Geodesy Analysis Program (DMAP) Spatial and Temporal Reference Systems and the 4D3 Concept |
20 SEP 2002 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Hillary Mesick; Susan Carter; Michael Harris; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS
|
| A technical review of the Spatial and Temporal Reference Systems and the 4D3 Concept was performed by the Digital Mapping, Charting, and Geodesy Analysis Program (DMAP). Background, discussion points, and conclusions are presented. |
|
| Statistical Inference for Change-of-Aperture Problems in Command and Control |
09 SEP 2002 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Noel Cressie; OHIO STATE UNIV COLUMBUS DEPT OF STATISTICS
|
| A map is a powerful way of summarizing spatial data; in the arena of Command and Control (C2), great maps can produce knowledgable command decisions. Two approaches to statistically optimal mapping are taken. The first develops spatial multiresolution Kalman filtering of data at various apertures, and the second develops constrained optimal spatial prediction to answer nonlinear C2 questions consistently. Finally, the temporal component is introduced to allow updating of current ... |
|
| The Forward Observer Personal Computer Simulator (FOPCSIM) |
SEP 2002 |
159 pages |
| Authors:
David Brannon; Michael Villandre; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This joint thesis addresses the need for a task trainer for the artillery forward observer task, In recent years, declining budgets, limitations on artillery ammunition and encroachment into training areas have reduced the opportunity to conduct live fire artillery training Simulation systems available to operating forces utilize technology that is several years out of date and none have a deployable configuration The goal was to develop a proof of concept ... |
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| Earth Observing-1 Advanced Land Imager Flight Performance Assessment: Noise and Dark Current Stability During the First Year on Orbit |
19 AUG 2002 |
|
| Authors:
J. A. Mendenhall; M. D. Gibbs; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH LEXINGTON LINCOLN LAB
|
| The noise and dark current stability of the Advanced Land Imager during the first year on orbit (November 21, 2000 - November 21, 2001) are presented. Data have been separated into short-term and long-term periods. The analysis of short-term data indicate some SWIR detectors may drift up to ten digital numbers between the pre and post dark observations of a given data collection event. Analysis of long-term data suggest the ... |
|
| Feasibility of Creating a Comprehensive Real Property Database for Colombia |
AUG 2002 |
47 pages |
| Authors:
Geoffrey B. Demarest; FOREIGN MILITARY STUDIES OFFICE (ARMY) FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| The Defense Intelligence Agency asked the Foreign Military Studies Office (FMSO) to determine the feasibility of producing a digital database of Colombian real property, and to express the usefulness of such a database. The resulting study determined that it is feasible and highly recommended that such a database be constructed. United States government foreign policy decisions pertaining to Colombia are inadequately informed if made in the absence of intelligence regarding ... |
|
| Digital Mapping, Charting, and Geodesy Analysis Program (DMAP) Technical Review of Tactical Oceanographic Data Level 4 (TOD4) Associated Performance Specifications, MIL-PRF-89049/14 (15 Mar 2001) |
28 JUN 2002 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Hillary C. Mesick; Susan V. Carter; Ruth Anne Wilson; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS MARINE GEOSCIENCES DIV
|
| Tactical Oceanographic Data Level 4 (TOD4) is intended to be a digital replacement for the Hull Integrity Test Sites (HITS) Chart. TOD4 is in the Standard Vector Product Format (VPF) and is designed to be used in conjunction with Digital Nautical Chart (DNC) and TOD2 for complete navigation information. The intended use is to supplement the electronic chart display systems with detailed classified depth and other information to permit the ... |
|
| Comparison of the EO-1 Advanced Land Imager Performance With the Landsat Data Continuity Mission Specification |
04 JUN 2002 |
|
| Authors:
J. A. Mendenhall; D. R. Hearn; D. E. Lencioni; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH LEXINGTON LINCOLN LAB
|
| The performance requirements for the Advanced Land Imager were developed under NASA's New Millennium Program and were intended to facilitate the validation of new sensor technologies and architectures for potential application in future remote sensing missions. The Advanced Land Imager (ALI) was designed and flown well before the Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM) specifications were developed. Nevertheless, the science focus of the ALI technology validation was Landsat data continuity. Therefore, ... |
|
| Spatio-Temporal Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery: Issues Overview |
JUN 2002 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Roy Ladner; Frederick Petry; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS MARINE GEOSCIENCES DIV
|
| Data mining or knowledge discovery refers to a variety of techniques having the intent of uncovering useful patterns and associations from large databases. The initial steps of data mining are concerned with preparation of data, including data cleaning intended to resolve errors and missing data and integration of data from multiple heterogeneous sources. Next are the steps needed to prepare for actual data mining including the selection of the specific ... |
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| Earth Observing-1 Advanced Land Imager Flight Performance Assessment: Absolute Radiometry and Stability During the First Year |
31 MAY 2002 |
|
| Authors:
J. A. Mendenhall; D. E. Lencioni; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH LEXINGTON LINCOLN LAB
|
| The absolute radiometry of the Advanced Land Imager during the first year on orbit (November 21,2000 - November 21, 2001) is presented. Results derived from solar, lunar, ground truth, and internal reference lamp measurements are presented. An 18% drop in the radiometric response of the Band 1p data since preflight calibration at Lincoln Laboratory is observed using all techniques. This decrease cannot be accounted for by preflight calibration errors, stray ... |
|
| Evaluation of the IBM T221 16 x 10 Aspect Ratio, 22.2-Inch Diagonal 3840 x 2400 Pixel LCD Color Monitor |
08 MAY 2002 |
94 pages |
| Authors:
NATIONAL INFORMATION DISPLAY LAB PRINCETON NJ
|
| NIDL evaluated a 22-inch diagonal 0.12 mm pixel pitch IBM 3840 x 2400 pixels (9-megapixels) color digitally-addressed LCD monitor Model T221 purchased for delivery to NIMA. IBM has recently reduced the purchase price to $8,399. We find that images and Briggs patterns at 2X (1920 x 1200 pixels) look excellent. The monitor exceeds the NIMA IEC Working Group specifications for monoscopic mode color applications. Accordingly NIDL gives it an A' ... |
|
| Pinpoint Phase 1 |
MAY 2002 |
72 pages |
| Authors:
C. R. Clark; R. E. Shanafelt; BAE SYSTEMS ROME NY
|
| The purpose of the Pin Point program is to integrate adaptive beam forming techniques for co-channel interference cancellation, with Time Difference of Arrival - Differential Doppler (TDOA-DD) processing for rapid and precise Geolocation of tactical emitters in a dense co-channel signal and interference environment. The PinPoint program is intended to complement the existing CHAALS system by providing advanced techniques that address the Army's longer-term Objective System requirements. The end goal ... |
|
| Fuzzy Spatial Querying With Inexact Inference |
24 APR 2002 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Kevin B. Shaw; Frederick E. Petry; Huiqing Yang; Maria Cobb; Dia Ali; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS MAPPING CHARTING AND GEODESY BRANCH
|
| The issue of spatial database accuracy bas been viewed as critical to the successful implementation and long-term viability of the geographic information system (GIS) technology. In order to improve the spatial querying accuracy and quality, the problems associated with the areas of fuzziness and uncertainty are of great common in the spatial databases. In this paper, we are dedicated to develop an approach that can perform fuzzy spatial querying under ... |
|
| Is "Reach Back" a Viable Means to Provide Geospatial Information and Services (GI&S) Support for the Objective Force? |
09 APR 2002 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
C. K. Williams; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| Quantitative advances in technology have enabled the National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA) to completely transform the way it performs its responsibilities as the functional manager for Geospatial Information and Services (GI&S). Similarly, technological advancements are being incorporated into the development of the Army's design for the Objective Force. As the Army transitions to its Objective Force, will these technological advancements, coupled with NIMA's revised operations, enable the Army to ... |
|
| Effects of Navigation Aids on Human Error in a Complex Navigation Task |
MAR 2002 |
|
| Authors:
Omer T. Arisut; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This thesis investigates land navigators' performance differences in land navigation when different navigation aids are used. The question that this thesis attempts to answer is whether the use of Global Positioning System (GPS) in land navigation results in a performance dependency, and, if so, whether that dependency adversely affects performance. To address these questions an experiment was conducted to see if the use of GPS makes map and compass training ... |
|
| Algorithms for Adaptation in Aerial Surveillance |
MAR 2002 |
323 pages |
| Authors:
Paul Robertson; Steven Reece; J. M. Brady; OXFORD UNIV (UNITED KINGDOM)
|
| This report discusses a self-adaptive architecture for image understanding that addresses lack of robustness common in image understanding programs. The architecture provides support for making image understanding programs that can manipulate their own semantics and thereby adjust their structure in response to changes in the environment that might cause static image understanding systems to fail. The general approach taken has been to explore the ideas of self-adaptive software and implement ... |
|
| Using Wavelet Transforms in 3D Mapping |
28 FEB 2002 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Roy V. Ladner; John T. Sample; Kevin B. Shaw; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS MARINE GEOSCIENCES DIV
|
| The Naval Research Laboratory's Digital Mapping, Charting and Geodesy Analysis Program is Investigating the application of wavelet technology to terrain approximation in 3D mapping. The wavelet transform allows the lab to obtain the frequency content of gridded elevation data while retaining the spatial context. They use a 2D discrete wavelet transform (DWT) to reduce Digital Terrain Elevation Data to low and high frequency components. The low frequency components represent widespread ... |
|
| Assessment of Spatial Data Mining Tools for Integration into an Object- Oriented GIS (GIDB) |
28 FEB 2002 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Roy Victor Ladner; Frederick Petry; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS MARINE GEOSCIENCES DIV
|
| A variety of data mining techniques are under evaluation on the spatial data of concern in our setting. We are planning to integrate a number of these techniques into our geospatial system (GIDB). Three approaches are under special consideration and are described in the paper. A COTS data mining system has been successfully used to develop predictive models of near-shore conditions such as wave height for naval amphibious operations. Attribute ... |
|
| Airborne Video Surveillance |
22 FEB 2002 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
Steven Blask; HARRIS CORP MELBOURNE FL GOVERNMENT COMMUNICATIONS DIV
|
| The DARPA Airborne Video Surveillance (AVS) program was established to develop and promote technologies to make airborne video more useful, providing capabilities that achieve a UAV force multiplier. Harris contributed to that goal with the development of processing solutions which permit precision video georegistration of streaming video data. The objective of this video georegistration technology development is to add operational value to video surveillance data by> (1) automatically relating mission ... |
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| Lower Snake River Juvenile Salmon Migration Feasibility Report/ Environmental Impact Statement. Appendix S: Snake River Maps |
FEB 2002 |
489 pages |
| Authors:
CORPS OF ENGINEERS WALLA WALLA WA WALLA WALLA DISTRICT
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| Between 1991 and 1997, due to declines in abundance, the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) made the following listings of Snake River salmon or steelhead under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) as amended: sockeye salmon (listed as endangered in 1991); spring/summer chinook salmon (listed as threatened in 1992); fall chinook salmon (listed as threatened in 1992); and steelhead (listed as threatened in 1997). In 1995, NMFS issued a Biological Opinion ... |
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| A Pilot-Centered Evaluation of Geospatial Data for Proposed Navy Helicopter Moving-Map Displays |
Jan-2002 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Maura C Lohrenz; Michael E Trenchard; Stephanie E Edwards; Chris Collins; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS
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| Cockpit moving-maps have provided heightened situation awareness to Navy fighter pilots for over ten years. The Navy now plans to install a moving-map into its multifunction MH-60S helicopter, which will perform sea-based missions such as combat search and rescue and mine countermeasures. The authors surveyed 49 Navy helicopter aircrew for their preferences with respect to four map types and six graphic overlays. Participants rated each resultant display for its potential ... |
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| Artificial Intelligence's Role in Advancing the National Imagery and Mapping Agency (NIMA) |
2002 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
Pamela Jackson; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
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| Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential within the next 30 years to make major impacts on the imagery and geospatial intelligence tradecrafts and the U.S. Imagery and Geospatial Systems (USIGS) infrastructure. This paper seeks to determine whether NIMA is positioning the agency and USIGS community to take advantage of AI in its mission areas, how well are they doing, and where might they improve? This will be assessed through an ... |
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| Evaluation of the Samsung 240T Analog and Digital, 24-Inch Diagonal 1920 x 1200 Pixel LCD Color Monitor |
31 DEC 2001 |
82 pages |
| Authors:
NATIONAL INFORMATION DISPLAY LAB PRINCETON NJ
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| The Samsung 240T, 24 inch, 1920 x 1200 pixel LCD color monitor ($5511) is the first LCD that has the capability for both digital and analog addressing at the full 1920 x 1200 addressability. NIDL reports here results on extensive digital and analog testing. We found that digital addressing improves the sharpness of visually observed SMPTE test patterns, of measured profiles of a single pixel wide line, and of Briggs ... |
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| Evaluation of the Sony GDM-F520 21-Inch Diagonal Color CRT Monitor for Monoscopic and Stereoscopic Imagery |
21 DEC 2001 |
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| Authors:
NATIONAL INFORMATION DISPLAY LAB PRINCETON NJ
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| Color monitors are more difficult to evaluate and their performance may not compare to monochrome monitors. Color monitors have three electron guns (R, G, and B) to focus and converge. They also have a perforated steel shadow mask that separates the colors on the screen and this adds complexity. Color lines formed on the phosphor screen may not be as narrow as for a monochrome, single electron gun-formed spot. The ... |
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| Missile Trainer Workstation Enhancement |
18 DEC 2001 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen J. Dow; ALABAMA UNIV IN HUNTSVILLE DEPT OF MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES
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| Terrain models used in training software for several missile systems are built using photogrammetric algorithms in an application program called Range Finder. The initial version of Range Finder, used to create the first set of terrain models for the Javelin training software in late 1999 and early 2000, relied on creating a terrain model in sections, one stereo pair at a time, and then merging these separate models into the ... |
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| Climatic, Hydrological, and Topographic Services: Geospatial Information and Services |
10 DEC 2001 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY WASHINGTON DC
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| This regulation on responsibilities and procedures for geospatial information and services has been revised to update the organizational structures responsibilities and capabilities requesting National Imagery and Mapping Agency products; commercial imagery policy; disposing of materials; peacetime topographical support, and adds an appendix on geospatial information and services requirements submission. |
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| EPBST Workstation Improvement: Automated Point Matching |
11 NOV 2001 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen J. Dow; ALABAMA UNIV IN HUNTSVILLE DEPT OF MATHEMATICS
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| As part of the workflow of the EPBST workstation software for building terrain models, point correspondences (x1, y1), (x2, y2), representing the locations of a common physical feature in two images, must be identified. Early versions of the software required that all such point correspondences be identified manually. This report describes the methodology used in adding automated point matching to the software, using: (1) interest point detection, (2) correlation, (3) ... |
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| Terrain Generation Using Fractal Methods |
NOV 2001 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Andrew M. Neiderer; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD ADVANCED COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
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| Euclidean geometry is not practical for describing complex natural shapes. A real-time solution using a fractal geometry approach is presented. First, existing digital terrain elevation data (DTED) is analyzed, and then it is interpolated to generate a terrain surface of arbitrarily high spatial resolution. Although fractal geometry provides only an estimate, statistical properties are preserved. |
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| Baseline Removal From EMG Recordings |
25 OCT 2001 |
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| Authors:
I. Rodriquez; L. Gila; A. Malanda; C. Campos; G. Morales; UNIVERSIDAD PUBLICA DE NAVARRA PAMPLONA(SPAIN) DEPT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING AND ELECTRONICS
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| A method for baseline (BL) removal in needle EMG records is presented. Different processing techniques are sequentially used. Firstly motor unit action potentials (MUAPs) are extracted from the signal by means of a wavelet transform- based procedure. Potential-free, discontinuous segments are thus obtained, whose fluctuation is assumed to be related to BL wander. These signals are then time averaged to attenuate the effect of noise and of low amplitude MUAPs ... |
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| Evaluation of the Data-Ray DR96L 4 x 3 Aspect Ratio, 22-Inch Diagonal Flat Screen Monochrome CRT Monitor |
17 OCT 2001 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
NATIONAL INFORMATION DISPLAY LAB PRINCETON NJ
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| NIDL sequentially evaluated three samples of this monitor over a one- year period. It is the only commercially available monochrome monitor that has a perfectly flat face and other features that make it a potential candidate display device for NIMA Imagery Exploitation Capability workstations. Based on results of our evaluation of the third sample NIDL cannot certify the Data-Ray DR96L monochrome monitor as being suitable for suitable monoscopic or stereoscopic ... |
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| Quick Look at the ViewSonic P815-4M (Lockheed Martin 2001) 4 x 3 Aspect Ratio, 21-Inch Diagonal Color CRT Monitor for Stereo |
17 OCT 2001 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
NATIONAL INFORMATION DISPLAY LAB PRINCETON NJ
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| NIDL does not certify the ViewSonic P8 1 5-4M color monitor as being suitable for IEC workstations requiring a stereo-capable 1024 x 1024 pixel addressability color monitor. We rate the monitor "C" because it can achieve only 110 Hz vertical refresh rate at 1024 x 1024 pixel addressability, rather than the IEC Working Group specified 120 Hz. Monitors passing the lEC stereo 120 Hz specification are listed in Table 1. ... |
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| A Standards-Based Movement and Infrastructure Aggregation Methodology for Mobility Representation in Modeling and Simulation |
OCT 2001 |
133 pages |
| Authors:
George B. McKinley; Niki C. Deliman; Terril C. Falls; Laura S. Bunch; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS GEOTECHNICAL AND STRUCTURES LAB
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| The Mobility Systems Branch (MSB) has a long history of providing Tactical Decision Aids (TDA) for military planning systems and ground movement algorithms for Modeling and Simulation (M&S). These TDA and M&S algorithms are based on the NATO Reference Mobility Model (NRMM), which is an Army Model and Simulation Office (AMSO) standard for ground vehicle movement. There is currently a need to characterize vehicle pass rates in M&S as well ... |
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| Evaluation of the SIEMENS SMM 21105 L (STEREO) 4 x 3 Aspect Ratio, 21- Inch Diagonal High Contrast Gray Scale CRT Monitor Manufactured July 2001 |
11 SEP 2001 |
78 pages |
| Authors:
NATIONAL INFORMATION DISPLAY LAB PRINCETON NJ
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| Siemens developed the 21105 monitor as an improved version of the 21103. The 21105 uses a high resolution 5-megapixel electron gun to achieve a finer spot size at 35 IL in the monoscopic mode. Concomitantly, the CRT faceplate transmission was increased from 28% to 42%. |
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Cartography and Aerial Photography
