| Mass-Rearing Hydrellia Pakistanae Deonier and H. balciunasi Bock for the Management of Hydrilla verticillata |
Jun-2009 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Nathan Harms; Michael Grodowitz; Julie Nachtrieb; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER LEWISVILLE TX LEWISVILLE AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM RESEARCH FACILITY
|
 | This technical note summarizes the development and application of mass-rearing techniques using ponds at the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) Lewisville Aquatic Ecosystem Research Facility (LAERF), Lewisville, TX for the biological control agents Hydrellia pakistanae Deonier and H. balciunasi Bock for use on Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle. Information is provided on rearing methods, releases, and associated costs. |
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| Regional Disease Vector Ecology Profile. Southeast Asia |
Jun-2009 |
168 pages |
| Authors:
ARMED FORCES PEST MANAGEMENT BOARD WASHINGTON DC
|
| Disease Vector Ecology Profiles (DVEPs) summarize unclassified literature on medically important arthropods, vertebrates and plants that may adversely affect troops in specific countries or regions of the world. Primary emphasis is on the epidemiology of arthropod-borne diseases and the bionomics and control of disease vectors. DVEPs have proven to be of significant value to commanders, medical planners, preventive medicine personnel, and particularly medical entomologists. These people use the information condensed ... |
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| Phytoplankton Enumeration and Evaluation Experiments |
May-2009 |
123 pages |
| Authors:
E J Lemieux; S Riley; T Wier; C Scianni; S Smith; N Welshmeyer; D Anderson; K Burns; D Kulis; L Drake; B N Nelson; P Herring; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB KEY WEST FL
|
| A workshop was held 6-16 January 2008 to evaluate the ability of various analysis methods to detect, enumerate, and determine the viability of phytoplankton at concentrations to be expected after treatment by successful ballast water treatment systems. Researchers from Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute, Moss Landing Marine Laboratory, Naval Research Laboratory, and Fluid Imaging Technologies were provided with six samples with known concentrations of live and dead Tetraselmis species in prepared ... |
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| Monitoring Cetaceans in the North Pacific |
Apr-2009 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Kathleen M Stafford; WASHINGTON UNIV SEATTLE APPLIED PHYSICS LAB
|
| Two projects were undertaken to monitor cetaceans in the North Pacific. The first was designed to obtain passive acoustic data from the U.S. Navy's Northern Edge Range. Three instruments were deployed in April 2008 to monitor both high (up to 25 kHz) and low (up to 1 kHz) frequencies for odontocetes and mysticetes, respectively. Unfortunately, these instruments did not record any data. The second project was to analyze retrospective data ... |
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| Modeling Thermal Inactivation of Bacillus Spores |
Mar-2009 |
94 pages |
| Authors:
Emily A Knight; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| This research models and analyzes methods to damage Bacillus anthracis spores through heat treatment. AFIT researchers have developed methods to characterize the effects of heating spores to high temperatures and for short durations similar to the thermal pulse of conventional weapon detonation. This research models the current experiment and evaluates the rate of thermal diffusion throughout the spores. A micro-model of the effects of dry and wet heating on a ... |
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| A Bioinformatic Approach to Inter Functional Interactions within Protein Sequences |
23-Feb-2009 |
50 pages |
| Authors:
Geoffrey I Webb; James C Whisstock; MONASH UNIV CLAYTON (AUSTRALIA)
|
| The primary purpose of the current project was to evaluate the techniques they had developed to infer functional interactions between the sites within a protein and, if appropriate, refine them in the light of the results of evaluation. The initial results revealed significant limitations of their preliminary approaches. As a result of this project, it is now apparent that deep understanding of the significance of co-evolution between sites within a ... |
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| Spider Silk Spun and Integrated into Composites |
20-Feb-2009 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Fritz Vollrath; OXFORD UNIV (UNITED KINGDOM)
|
| We gained significant new insights into the role of hydration for silks with our data allowing us to model in considerable detail the interaction between silk molecules and water. Our fibre and feedstock experiments demonstrated that the hierachical morphology in the patterning and mesophase assembly is spatially optimised. Our multiscale model, based on experimental data collected iteratively and focussing on the control of energy storage (strength) and dissipation (toughness) at ... |
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| Eliciting Action Potentials from Epidermal Stimulation of Skin Receptors Using Ultrashort Laser Pulses |
Feb-2009 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Robert J Thomas; Douglas N Goddard; Michelle Imholte; Nicole Jindra; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB BROOKS CITY-BASE TX HUMAN PERFORMANCE WING (711TH)
|
| Measurements of laser stimulated action potentials in the sciatic nerve of leopard frogs (Rana pipiens) were made using two ultrashort pulsed infrared lasers. The dorsal sides of the frog's hind limbs were exposed to 1540 nm and 1064 nm wavelengths at three separate spot sizes: 2 mm, 3 mm, and 4 mm. Energy density thresholds were determined for eliciting an action potential at each experimental condition. Results from these exposures ... |
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| The Impact of Harmful Algal Blooms on USACE Operations |
Jan-2009 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
I Linkov; F K Satterstrom; D Loney; J A Steevens; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| Algal blooms have recently attracted significant attention due to their human and ecological effects. The aim of this technical note is to assess the importance of freshwater harmful algal blooms (HABs) to U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) operations through a literature review and surveys from regional Corps personnel who manage algal blooms and related issues. This note discusses algal bloom formation factors, occurrence, impact, and management for both the ... |
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| Applying an Avian Index of Biological Integrity to Assess and Monitor Arid and Semi-arid Riparian Ecosystems |
Jan-2009 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Michael P Guilfoyle; James S Wakeley; Richard A Fischer; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| Effective tools to monitor and evaluate ecosystem change are needed to measure the impacts of human activity and determine whether ecosystem protection or restoration are needed or are even reasonable options to minimize continued degradation and loss of natural resources (Karr 1991, 2005; Karr and Chu 1999). The problem is how to accurately measure and monitor human induced impacts in highly complex and continually changing environments. The Index of Biological ... |
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| Environmental Factors Affecting Aquatic Plant Growth Potential in Marinuka Lake, Wisconsin |
Dec-2008 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
William F James; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| Submersed aquatic macrophytes play an important role in stabilizing sediment from resuspension, sequestering nutrients, and reducing algal growth in shallow lakes. Loss of vegetation is usually accompanied by changes in stable state to one characterized by higher turbidity, low light penetration, and frequent noxious algal blooms. Aquatic vegetation once played an important role in stabilizing the sediment and providing important fish and water fowl habitat in Marinuka Lake, Wisconsin. However, ... |
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| Spray Characterization of Thermal Fogging Equipment Typically Used in Vector Control |
Dec-2008 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
W C Hoffmann; Y Huang; Y Lan; B Quinn; D Szumlas; V L Smith; T Gwinn; B K Fritz; T W Walker; D Sykes; SOUTHERN PLAINS AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH CENTER COLLEGE STATION TX AREAWIDE PEST MANAGEMENT RESEARCH UNIT
|
| Droplet size spectra from different sprayers used to generate insecticide-laden fogs for controlling flying insects were measured by a laser diffraction instrument and Teflon-coated slides. The objectives of this work were to present not only information on spray-system droplet size generated by different sprayers, but to compare methodologies by which other similar systems can be evaluated and give applicators sprayer-system performance data. Data from 45 replicated spray tests, comprising 11 ... |
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| Invasive Species Biology, Control, and Research. Part 1: Kudzu (Pueraria montana) |
Nov-2008 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Linda Nelson; Patrick J Guertin; Michael L Denight; Dick L Gebhart; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER CHAMPAIGN IL CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB
|
| A 2007 Report to Congress documented a crucial factor in the loss of Army training land: uncontrolled vegetation growth. Of the 53 installations surveyed for the report, 30 reported that approximately 12 percent of their training lands were unusable for certain types of training. Uncontrolled vegetation was a source of such problems as an inability to conduct mounted and dismounted maneuver training, interference with equipment used in line-of-sight training, safety ... |
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| Invasive Species Biology, Control, and Research. Part 2. Multiflora Rose (Rosa multiflora) |
Nov-2008 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Linda Nelson; Patrick J Guertin; Michael L Denight; Dick L Gebhart; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| A 2007 Report to Congress documented a crucial factor in the loss of Army training land: uncontrolled vegetation growth. Of the 53 installations surveyed for the report, 30 reported that approximately 12 percent of their training lands were unusable for certain types of training. Uncontrolled vegetation was a source of such problems as an inability to conduct mounted and dismounted maneuver training, interference with equipment used in line-of-sight training, safety ... |
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| Proteomic Study of Human Malaria Parasite Plasmodium Vivax Liver Stages for Development of Vaccines and Drugs |
02-Oct-2008 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Jetsumon Prachumsri; GENEVA FOUNDATION LAKEWOOD WA
|
| GFP plasmids were constructed and used for transfection of blood and sporozoite stages of P. vivax. GFP transformed parasites were observed when transfection was performed using blood stage parasites. Transfection of GFP plasmids into liver cells could enhance plasmid uptake of the sporozoites after invasion of the liver cells. Optimization of transfection for the GFP plasmids to blood and sporozoite stages need to be further optimized. Partial proteomic of sporozoite ... |
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| Epidermal Laser Stimulation of Action Potentials in the Frog Sciatic Nerve |
Oct-2008 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Nichole M Jindra; Robert J Thomas; Douglas N Goddard; Michelle L Imholte; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB BROOKS AFB TX HUMAN EFFECTIVENESS DIR/DIRECTED ENERGY BIOEFFECTS DIV
|
| Measurements of laser stimulated action potentials in the sciatic nerve of leopard frogs (Rana pipiens) were made using two infrared lasers. The dorsal sides of the frog's hind limbs were exposed to short-pulsed 1540 nm and 1064 nm wavelengths at three separate spot sizes: 2 mm, 3 mm, and 4 mm. Energy density thresholds were determined for eliciting an action potential at each experimental condition. Results from these exposures showed ... |
|
| Spatially-Explicit Assessments of Genetic Biodiversity and Dispersal in Gopher Tortoises for Evaluation of Habitat Fragmentation at DoD Sites |
Oct-2008 |
42 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher W Theodorakis; SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIV AT EDWARDSVILLE DEPT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
|
| The objective was to perform a proof of principle assessment of genetic diversity and gene flow of gopher tortoises on Camp Shelby, MS. The specific aims were to determine if there is evidence that military activity affects genetic diversity and gene flow. DNA was extracted from the blood of gopher tortoises collected from 22 colonies in and around Camp Shelby. The amount of genetic diversity in each colony and treatment ... |
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| An Instance of Tick Feeding to Repletion Inside a Human Nostril |
Oct-2008 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Richard G Robbins; Gary P Aronsen; YALE UNIV NEW HAVEN CT DEPT OF ANTHROPOLOGY
|
| A single fully engorged nymphal tick of the genus Amblyomma was collected from the nostril of a field researcher returning from Kibale National Park, Uganda. While unfed ticks have previously been removed from human nostrils, this is the first time that a specimen so situated was permitted to feed to repletion and detach naturally. |
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| Applications of GIS, Advanced Sensors and Habitat Modeling in Support of Desert Tortoise Line Distance, Sampling and Translocation Studies Related to the Proposed Expansion of the Ft. Irwin NTC |
25-Sep-2008 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Jordan Henk; REDLANDS UNIV CA
|
| This University of Redlands (University) research program (the Desert Tortoise Project; DTP), was designed to improve terrestrial science and to explore and apply a variety of information science technology, tools, and methods to equip land managers, decision-makers and policy-makers with science-based alternatives for the recovery of the desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii, federally-listed in 1990 as a threatened species) within the West Mojave Recovery Unit (WMRU) of Southern California, and specifically, ... |
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| Advanced Mathematical Modeling of Sonar-Induced Bubble Growth and Coalescence in Humans and Marine Mammals |
01-Sep-2008 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Yurii A Ilinskii; Preston S Wilson; Mark F Hamilton; TEXAS UNIV AT AUSTIN APPLIED RESEARCH LABS
|
| For high gas supersaturation levels in liquids, on the order of 300% as predicted in capillaries of marine mammals following a series of dives, standard mathematical models of both static and rectified diffusion are found to underestimate the rate of bubble growth by 10%-20%. The discrepancy is demonstrated by comparing predictions based on existing mathematical models with direct numerical solutions of the differential equations for gas diffusion in the liquid ... |
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| Effects of Quality Composts and Other Organic Amendments and Their Humic and Fulvic Acid Fractions on the Germination and Early Growth of Slickspot Peppergrass (Lepidium Papilliferum) and Switchgrass in Various Experimental Conditions |
01-Sep-2008 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Senesi Nicola; UNIVERSITA DI BARI (ITALY)
|
| Three representative and different composts were selected and used in this work: a green compost (GC), a mixed compost (MC) and a green coffee compost (GCC). The three composts were characterized by means of conventional methods for several chemical and physical properties, including pH, electrical conductivity (EC), moisture and ash contents, total organic carbon (TOC) content, total N content, C/N ratio and humic acid-like (HAL) content. Seeds of slickspot peppergrass ... |
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| Hantavirus Prevention: Cleanup of Rodent Contamination |
01-Sep-2008 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
ARMY CENTER FOR HEALTH PROMOTION AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Hantaviruses in the Americas may cause human disease involving the lungs, hence the name hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). Since May 1993, a total of 416 HPS cases (as of 1 February 2006) have been confirmed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in residents of 32 states, with 39 of these cases identified retrospectively with onset of illness prior to May 1993. One hundred and six (38%) of ... |
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| Echolocation-Based Foraging by Harbor Porpoises and Sperm Whales, Including Effects on Noise and Acoustic Propagation |
Sep-2008 |
332 pages |
| Authors:
Stacy L DeRuiter; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE
|
| This thesis provides quantitative descriptions of toothed whale echolocation and foraging behavior, including assessment of the effects of noise on foraging behavior and the potential influence of ocean acoustic propagation conditions on biosonar detection ranges and whale noise exposure. Chapter 2 details the application of a modified version of the Dtag to study harbor porpoise echolocation. Study results indicate how porpoises vary the rate and level of their echolocation clicks ... |
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| Concepts and Procedures for Updating the National Wetland Plant List |
Sep-2008 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Robert W Lichvar; Paul Minkin; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER HANOVER NH COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB
|
| The National Wetland Plant List, formerly called the National List of Plant Species that Occur in Wetlands and last officially updated in 1988, is being revised by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and the Natural Resources Conservation Service. The list is used as part of the wetland delineation process, in the restoration of wetlands, and as a resource ... |
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| Faunal Biogeography Community Structure and Genetic Connectivity of North Atlantic Seamounts |
Sep-2008 |
181 pages |
| Authors:
Walter W Cho; WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION MA
|
| The mechanisms of faunal dispersal across ocean basins are key unknowns toward understanding of the modern biogeography and biodiversity of deep-sea fauna. Seamounts are considered to play a defining role in faunal evolution, acting as regional centers of speciation, stepping-stones for dispersal, and/or refugia for deep-sea populations. The overarching goal of this dissertation was to examine the role of seamounts in structuring marine biodiversity and biogeography. This study focused on ... |
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| Influence of Snail on Integrin Beta 1 Expression/Activity in Breast Carcinoma |
Sep-2008 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Robin E Bachelder; DUKE UNIV DURHAM NC
|
| We provide the first evidence that Snail-1, a tumor progression factor[1-3], influences breast tumor cell adhesion to matrix proteins. Specifically, we show that Snail-1 reduces alpha2 beta1 integrin expression levels in breast tumor cells. This novel Snail-1 activity results in impaired tumor cell adhesion to the alpha2 beta1 integrin-binding matrix protein Collagen-1. As a specificity control, we show that Snail-1 does not influence alpha5 beta1 integrin levels or alpha5 beta1 ... |
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| Influence of Snail on Integrin Beta l Expression/Activity in Breast Carcinoma |
Sep-2008 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Robin E Bachelder; DUKE UNIV MEDICAL CENTER DURHAM NC
|
| We provide the first evidence that Snail-1, a tumor progression factor[1-3], influences breast tumor cell adhesion to matrix proteins. Specifically, we show that Snail-1 reduces alpha2 beta1 integrin expression levels in breast tumor cells. This novel Snail-1 activity results in impaired tumor cell adhesion to the alpha2 beta1 integrin-binding matrix protein Collagen-1. As a specificity control, we show that Snail-1 does not influence alpha5 beta1 integrin levels or alpha5 beta1 ... |
|
| A Comprehensive Web-Based Library of Marine Biological Sounds |
07-Jul-2008 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Jack W Bradbury; CORNELL LAB OF ORNITHOLOGY ITHACA NY MACAULAY LIBRARY
|
| This project funded the creation of the world's largest online reference collection of marine animal sounds at the Macaulay Library (Cornell Lab of Ornithology). Over a 6 year period, 5700 audio clips (1200 hours) of marine mammal and fish sound recordings were digitized, documented in an extensive metadata base, and made available for free online playback. Users can search the collection using a variety of criteria and either play back ... |
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| Susceptibility of Peruvian Mosquitoes to Eastern Equine Encephalitis virus |
01-Jul-2008 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
M J Turell; M L O'Guinn; D Dohm; M Zyzak; D Watts; R Fernandez; C Calampa; T A Klein; J W Jones; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD VIROLOGY DIV
|
| Mosquitoes were collected in the Amazon Basin, near Iquitos, Peru, and used in experimental studies to evaluate their susceptibility to strains of eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) that were isolated from mosquitoes captured within 20 Km of Iquitos. When fed on hamsters or chickens with a viremia of ~10(5) plaque-forming units (PFU) of virus per ml, Culex pedroi Sirivanakarn and Belkin, Aedes fulvus (Wiedemann), Psorophora albigenu (Peryassu), and Psorophora ferox ... |
|
| Regulation of Oil Biosynthesis in Algae |
25-Jun-2008 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Christoph Benning; Eric R Moellering; Rachel Miller; Marie Fedewa; MICHIGAN STATE UNIV EAST LANSING CONTRACT AND GRANT ADMINISTRATION
|
| Many algae including Chlamydomonas accumulate triacylglycerols when cultures enter stationary phase leading to nutrient limitation. The identification of microalgal genes encoding the enzymes and regulatory factors required for the induction of oil biosynthesis is the immediate goal of the proposed work. Towards this end the following findings were met: 1.) A mutant screen to isolate gene disruption mutants of Chlamydomonas was established and 15 mutants were identified with altered lipid ... |
|
| A Predictive Model for Satellite-Derived Phytoplankton Absorption Over the Louisiana Shelf Hypoxic Zone: Effects of Nutrients and Physical Forcing |
06-Jun-2008 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Rebecca E Green; Gould; Richard W Jr; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEANOGRAPHY DIV
|
| We investigated environmental forcing mechanisms of phytoplankton absorption near the Mississippi River delta using multi-year satellite data. An algorithm for the phytoplankton absorption coefficient was developed from in situ measurements and applied to ocean color imagery. We employed a suite of chemical and physical forcing variables, including surface currents. For satellite-derived time series (2002-2004) correlation and stepwise regression analyses revealed the most important forcing variables on the Louisiana shelf. Mississippi ... |
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| Potential for Introduction of Invasive Species into Louisiana from Illinois River Dredged Material |
01-Jun-2008 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Judy F Shearer; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS ENVIRONMENTAL LAB
|
| Through human and natural activities, land loss in the Louisiana Coastal Area has exceeded 1.2 million acres since the 1930s. Restoration of the region will require new technologies and significant inputs on many fronts. One innovative proposal to aid in restoration efforts has been to transport dredged sediments from the Illinois River to Louisiana for land building and marsh restoration. Of concern in such a project is the potential for ... |
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| Large-Scale Submerged Aquatic Vegetation Restoration in Chesapeake Bay: Status Report, 2003-2006 |
01-Jun-2008 |
91 pages |
| Authors:
Deborah J Shafer; Peter Bergstrom; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS ENVIRONMENTAL LAB
|
| In 2003, the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Chesapeake Bay Office began a comprehensive research effort to restore submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) in the Chesapeake Bay region. The effort employed an agricultural approach to restore under-water grasses by using seeds to produce new plants and mechanical equipment to plant seeds and harvest. Since this research initiative began, an average of ... |
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| Functional Characterization and Expression of Molluscan Detoxification Enzymes and Transporters Involved in Dietary Allelochemical Resistance |
01-Jun-2008 |
364 pages |
| Authors:
Kristen E Whalen; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE
|
| The processes underlying dietary allelochemical tolerance are likely mediated, in part, by biochemical resistance mechanisms that have evolved under the selective pressure of host chemical defenses. Although many have invoked this hypothesis to explain the variation in marine consumer tolerance, few studies have examined the enzymatic diversity and corresponding metabolism of dietary allelochemicals. Molecular and proteomic techniques identified both allelochemically-responsive cytochrome P450s (CYPs), and constitutively expressed glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) and ... |
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| Metapopulation Dynamics of the Softshell Clam, Mya arenaria |
01-Jun-2008 |
135 pages |
| Authors:
Carly A Strasser; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE
|
| I explored metapopulation dynamics and population connectivity, with a focus on the softshell clam, Mya arenaria. I first worked towards developing a method for using elemental signatures retained in the larval shell as a tag of natal habitat. Using a laboratory experiment, I showed that current instrumentation is not able to measure the first larval shell. In concert with developing this method, I reared larval M. arenaria in the laboratory ... |
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| Orchestration: The Movement and Vocal Behavior of Free-Ranging Norwegian Killer Whales (Orcinus Orca) |
01-Jun-2008 |
304 pages |
| Authors:
Ari D Shapiro; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE JOINT PROGRAM IN APPLIED OCEAN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
|
| Studying the social and cultural transmission of behavior among animals helps to identify patterns and content of interaction. Killer whales likely acquire traits culturally based on their stable social groups, population-specific feeding behaviors, and group-distinctive vocal repertoires. Digital tags were used to record the movements and vocalizations of Norwegian killer whales. These animals carousel feed, corralling herring into a ball before tail slapping, incapacitating and eating the fish. Periods of ... |
|
| Using the Internet to Collaborate with Consumers in Redefining a Psychosocial Agenda for Families with Hereditary Breast Cancer |
01-Jun-2008 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
James C Coyne; PENNSYLVANIA UNIV PHILADELPHIA
|
| Women at increased risk of Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancers (HBOC) and their families face dilemmas about testing risk management and family dissemination of results. They face problems regarding the accuracy of the information they have received difficulties accessing new information and specialized services and resistance and misinformation from inadequately informed health care professionals in the community. Thus they are forced to develop their own informal means of individual and ... |
|
| Elucidating Mechanisms of Farnesyltransferase Inhibitor Action and Resistance in Breast Cancer by Bioluminescence Imaging |
Jun-2008 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
David Piwnica-Worms; Ken Blumer; WASHINGTON UNIV ST LOUIS MO
|
| Farnesyltransferase inhibitors (FTIs) block the post-translational processing of signaling proteins, such as Ras, that have key roles in breast cancer biology. In phase II trials, FTIs have exhibited clinical benefit toward a subset of breast cancer patients. However, FTIs have yet to be used widely in breast cancer therapy because it is not yet possible to identify patients likely to be FTI-sensitive or to use combinatorial therapy to broaden the ... |
|
| Gene Therapy for Osteolytic Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis |
Jun-2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Selvarangan Ponnazhagan; ALABAMA UNIV IN BIRMINGHAM
|
| Bone is the frequent metastatic site for human breast cancer resulting in significant morbidity and mortality in patients with advanced disease. Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a decoy receptor that competes with RANK for RANKL, thus, modulating the effects of RANKL. However, during the metastatic events involving cancer and stromal cell interaction, endogenous OPG levels are markedly reduced. Thus, OPG remains an effective molecule for future therapies for bone metastasis. We sought ... |
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| Synthesis and Bioassay of Improved Mosquito Repellents Predicted From Chemical Structure |
27-May-2008 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
ZUOQUAN WANG; C D Hall; Novruz G Akhmedov; Dimitar Dobchev; Maia Tsikolia; Svetoslav Slavov; Alan R Katritzky; Gary G Clark; Kenneth J Linthicum; Ulrich R Bernier; FLORIDA UNIV GAINESVILLE DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| Mosquito repellency data on acylpiperidines derived from the U.S. Department of Agriculture archives were modeled by using molecular descriptors calculated by CODESSA PRO software. An artificial neural network model was developed for the correlation of these archival results and used to predict the repellent activity of novel compounds of similar structures. A series of 34 promising N-acylpiperidine mosquito repellent candidates (4a-4q') were synthesized by reactions of acylbenzotriazoles 2a-2p with piperidines ... |
|
| Biomarkers of Risk for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) |
01-May-2008 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Audrey R Tyrka; BUTLER HOSPITAL PROVIDENCE RI
|
| The objective of this proposal is to study genetic and neuroendocrine biomarkers of risk in a carefully assessed population of military personnel who have recently returned from war zones. The target sample includes 300 men and women who have recently returned from hazardous deployment and are undergoing a comprehensive assessment of symptoms and stressors in a related 12-month longitudinal study. To date, we have enrolled 125 subjects. Samples of saliva ... |
|
| Assessing a Drosophila Metastasis Model in Mouse and Human Breast Cancer |
May-2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Katherine Weilbaecher; Ross Cagan; WASHINGTON UNIV ST LOUIS MO SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
|
| We propose to combine our expertise to target a process that is critical to breast cancer metastasis that is likely conserved in flies, mice and humans. The advantages of addressing the question of metastasis through the combined expertise of the Cagan and Weilbaecher labs is that we will use the powerful genetic tools provided by Drosophila that will identify key genetic pathways critical to tumor cell migration and metastasis that ... |
|
| Topically Applied AaeIAP1 Double-Stranded RNA Kills Female Adults of Aedes aegypti |
May-2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Julia W Pridgeon; Liming Zhao; James J Becnel; Daniel A Strickman; Gary G Clark; Kenneth J Linthicum; AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE GAINESVILLE FL CENTER FOR MEDICAL AGRICULTURAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY
|
| Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) is the primary vector of both dengue and yellow fever. Use of insecticides is one of the primary ways to control this medically important insect pest. However, few new insecticides have been developed for mosquito control in recent years. As a part of our effort to develop new insecticides to control mosquitoes, an inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1 gene in Aedes aegypti (AaeIAP1) was targeted ... |
|
| Cytochrome c Gene and Protein Expression: Developmental Regulation, Environmental Response, and Pesticide Sensitivity in Aedes aegypti |
May-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Kenneth J Linthicum; Julia W Pridgeon; Liming Zhao; James J Becnel; Gary G Clark; AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE GAINESVILLE FL CENTER FOR MEDICAL AGRICULTURAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY
|
| Cytochrome c is a highly conserved protein that is found in many multicellular and unicellular organisms. Cytochrome c is a critical intermediate in apoptosis: a controlled form of cell death that kills cells as part of their natural process of development and in response to environmental condition. To detect whether cytochrome c of the mosquito Aedes aegypti (L.) (AeaCytC) is developmentally regulated, we used quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ... |
|
| Rapid Discovery of Continuous-Performance Compounds and Powernap Compounds Through Large-Scale Mutagenesis in Drosophila |
22-Apr-2008 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Giulio Tononi; Ruth Benca; Chiara Cirelli; WISCONSIN UNIV-MADISON BOARD OF REGENTS/RESEARCH SPONSORED PROGRAMS
|
| This Phase II proposal (G. Tononi-PI) resulted from the combination of two independent projects in Phase I: Rapid discovery of continuous performance and power-nap compounds through large-scale mutagenesis in Drosophila (G. Tononi-PI, C. Cirelli-CoPI) and Avian models of sustained wakefulness (R. Benca-PI, N. Rattenborg-CoPI). The goal of both projects was to find ways to postpone temporarily the need for sleep, and do so in a way that is completely safe. ... |
|
| Developing a Zebrafish Model of NF1 for Structure-Function Analysis and Identification of Modifier Genes |
01-Apr-2008 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Jonathan A Epstein; PENNSYLVANIA UNIV PHILADELPHIA
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| This progress report summarizes the first year of activity of this project focused on the identification and characterization of the zebrafish orthologs of the neurofibromatosis type 1 genes. This project involves work within the Epstein laboratory and collaboration with the laboratory of Dr. Thomas Look at the Dana Farber Cancer Institute as a sub-contract. This progress report summarized the collaborative work including results from both groups. During the first year, ... |
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| Hydrodynamic Performance of the Minke Whale (Balaenoptera Acutorostrata) Flipper |
01-Apr-2008 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Lisa N Cooper; Nils Sedano; Stig Johansson; Bryan May; Joey D Brown; Casey M Holliday; Brian W Kot; Frank E Fish; NORTHEASTERN OHIO UNIVERSITIES COLLEGE OF MEDICINE ROOTSTOWN
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| Minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) are the smallest member of balaenopterid whales and little is known of their kinematics during feeding maneuvers. These whales have narrow and elongated flippers that are small relative to body size compared to related species such as right and gray whales. No experimental studies have addressed the hydrodynamic properties of minke whale flippers and their functional role during feeding maneuvers. This study integrated wind tunnel, locomotion ... |
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| Effects of Turbidity on Fluridone Treatments for Curlyleaf Pondweed Control |
01-Mar-2008 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Wendy Crowell; Angela G Poovey; Michael D Netherland; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS ENVIRONMENTAL LAB
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| This study was a first step in documenting inorganic turbidity impacts on fluridone efficacy when controlling the invasive species curlyleaf pondweed. Turbidity in the water column did not substantially impact aqueous fluridone residues. Without turbidity, fluridone concentrations of 3 to 5 micrograms ai/L for a 56-day exposure period suppressed growth of curlyleaf pondweed by 42 to 72 percent, but only slightly reduced turion production. The addition of turbidity to the ... |
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| Evaluation of 2, 4-D Ester and Triclopyr Amine Against Waterlily and Spatterdock |
01-Mar-2008 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
LeeAnn M Glomski; Linda S Nelson; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
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| It has been speculated that herbicide drift from treated sites can negatively impact desirable floating vegetation and there are many scenarios where targeted submersed weeds and nontarget floating plants grow in close proximity. This study was conducted to determine the effects of submersed applications of 2,4-D ester and triclopyr amine, used to control Eurasian watermilfoil (Myriophyllum spicatum L.), on waterlily (Nymphaea odorata Ait.) and spatterdock (Nuphar lutea (L.) Sm.). |
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| Ethnicity and Prostate Cancer: Vitamin D Genetic and Sociodemographic Factors |
01-Mar-2008 |
41 pages |
| Authors:
Kathleen C Torkko; COLORADO UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER AURORA CO
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| During the first year of the grant, one paper was accepted for publication based on the grantees PhD work. This paper would not have been completed without the additional resources provided by this grant and the grant is duly acknowledged in the paper. One other paper was published in the year as a result of collaborations with some of the grantees mentors. Both papers examined differences in genetic polymorphisms in ... |
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Biology
