| Incorporating Externalities and Uncertainty into Life-Cycle Cost Analysis |
Mar 2012 |
136 pages |
| Authors:
Alec C Danaher; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
 | Executive Order 13514 requires federal agencies to consider economic and social benefits and costs when evaluating projects and activities based on life-cycle return on investment. The generation of energy used by federal facilities imposes social externalities, most notably air pollution, upon society. This research utilized the social costs of carbon dioxide, oxides of nitrogen, and sulfur dioxide to develop a probabilistic life-cycle full-cost analysis tool for the analysis of energy ... |
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| Local Histograms for Per-Pixel Classification |
Mar 2012 |
103 pages |
| Authors:
Melody L Massar; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| We introduce a rigorous mathematical theory for the analysis of local histograms, and study how they interact with textures that can be modeled as occlusions of simpler components. We first show how local histograms can be computed as a system of convolutions and discuss some basic local histogram properties. We then introduce a probabilistic, occlusion-based model for textures and formally demonstrate that local histogram transforms are natural tools for analyzing ... |
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| Air-to-Air Missile Enhanced Scoring with Kalman Smoothing |
Mar 2012 |
239 pages |
| Authors:
Jonathon S Gipson; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| A correct estimate of a missile's flight path is essential to USAF test and evaluation efforts. The USAF air-to-air Weapons System Evaluation Program (WSEP) targets unmanned aerial drones in hundreds of live-fire missile tests each year. The current QF-4 drone inventory is expected to be depleted by 2015. The QF-16 Full Scale Aerial Target (FSAT) contract has been awarded to convert usable early model F-16s into remote-controlled drones. The QF-16 ... |
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| MFIRE-2: A Multi Agent System for Flow-Based Intrusion Detection Using Stochastic Search |
Mar 2012 |
119 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy J Wilson; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| Detecting attacks targeted against military and commercial computer networks is a crucial element in the domain of cyberwarfare. The traditional method of signature-based intrusion detection is a primary mechanism to alert administrators to malicious activity. However, signature-based methods are not capable of detecting new or novel attacks. This research continues the development of a novel simulated, multiagent, flow-based intrusion detection system called MFIRE. Agents in the network are trained to ... |
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| Combat Identification of Synthetic Aperture Radar Images Using Contextual Features and Bayesian Belief Networks |
Mar 2012 |
134 pages |
| Authors:
John X Situ; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| Given the nearly infinite combination of modifications and configurations for weapon systems, no two targets are ever exactly the same. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery and associated High Range Resolution (HRR) profiles of the same target will have different signatures when viewed from different angles. To overcome this challenge, data from a wide range of aspect and depression angles must be used to train pattern recognition algorithms. Alternatively, features invariant ... |
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| Analysis of Social Network Measures with Respect to Structural Properties of Networks |
Mar 2012 |
79 pages |
| Authors:
Joshua D Guzman; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| Social Network Analysis (SNA), the study of social interactions within a group, spans many different fields of study, ranging from psychology to biology to information sciences. Over the past half century, many analysts outside of the social science field have taken SNA concepts and theories and have applied them to an array of networks in the hope of formulating mathematical descriptions of the relations within the network of interest. More ... |
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| Ballistic Flash Characterization: Penetration and Back-Face Flash |
Mar 2012 |
68 pages |
| Authors:
Michael J Koslow; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| The Air Force is extremely concerned with the safety of its people, especially those who are flying aircraft. Aircrew members flying combat missions are concerned with the chance that a fragment from an exploding threat device may penetrate into the airframe to possibly ignite a fire onboard the aircraft. One concern for vulnerability revolves around a flash that may occur when a projectile strikes and penetrates an aircraft's fuselage. When ... |
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| Analysis of KC-46 Live-Fire Risk Mitigation Program Testing |
Mar 2012 |
89 pages |
| Authors:
Chad N Chamberlain; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| Increased emphasis from the Director of Operational Test and Evaluation (DOT&E) over the past few years to include statistical rigor in all testing has brought an augmented look at testing across the Department of Defense. This thesis examines the methodology currently used in live fire testing, particularly in the case of risk mitigation of the KC-46 dry-bay fire test program. The thesis addresses gaps within the methodology and analyzes the ... |
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| Slow Computing Simulation of Bio-plausible Control |
Mar 2012 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Alec Koppel; Vishnu Ganesan; Alma Wickenden; William Nothwang; Robert Proie; Brian Sadler; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD
|
| In order to implement control methods on low power, size-constrained systems, significant departures from standard approaches are needed. We look to biology for inspiration and focus on the problem of attitude stabilization through visual input alone. Bio-plausibility broadly refers to the ability of an operation to be carried out on a neural substrate or a parallel asynchronously operating computation scheme. One method of realizing such an asynchronous, parallel computing capability ... |
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| An Examination of Individual Performance Using Markov Models in the Hellenic Navy's Officer-Performance Evaluation System |
Mar 2012 |
133 pages |
| Authors:
Anastasios Michalaros; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The recent financial-crisis that Greece (Hellas) suffers has restricted and reduced the budgets of many organizations. Among those, the Hellenic ministry of defense has begun examining ways to reduce costs while maintaining operational readiness. Retirement legislation is the first area the Hellenic ministry of defense is examining. Variables such as years of service required to receive a pension, years of service by pay grade, and the skills officers should possess ... |
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| Beyond the Washington Consensus: Promoting Economic Growth and Minimizing the Threat of Violence in Latin America through Social Development |
Mar 2012 |
127 pages |
| Authors:
Eric J Blomberg; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF NATIONAL SECURITY AFFAIRS
|
| In this thesis, I examine the role that social development plays in the successes and failures of Washington Consensus-type neoliberal economic growth strategies throughout Latin America, as well as the effects of growth on levels of political violence in the region. I also analyze the role of targeted social spending in legitimizing the implementation of structural adjustment programs across all regime types. Finally, I use discriminate analysis to divide the ... |
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| Modeling of Helicopter Pilot Misperception During Overland Navigation |
Mar 2012 |
110 pages |
| Authors:
Bradley T Cowden; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH
|
| This thesis provides a framework to model human belief and misperception in helicopter overland navigation. Helicopter overland navigation is a challenging mission area because it is a complex cognitive task, and failing to recognize when the aircraft is off-course can lead to operational failures and mishaps. A human-in-the-loop experiment to investigate pilot misperception during simulated overland navigation by analyzing actual navigation trajectory, pilots' perceived location, and corresponding confidence levels was ... |
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| Determining Optimal Evacuation Decision Policies for Disasters |
Mar 2012 |
81 pages |
| Authors:
Jason C Crews; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH
|
| Decision making in the face of uncertainty is a difficult task, and this is exacerbated when the decision is irreversible, it involves a near-term deadline, and/or the cost of a bad decision is high. Deciding whether to stay or evacuate from an impending natural disaster is difficult for all of these reasons. This thesis explores the evacuation decision as a Markov decision problem. We develop a generic disaster model to ... |
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| The Nation That Cried Lone Wolf: A Data-Driven Analysis of Individual Terrorists in the United States Since 9/11 |
Mar 2012 |
111 pages |
| Authors:
Charles A Eby; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF NATIONAL SECURITY AFFAIRS
|
| Lone-wolf terrorist attacks have occurred in the United States throughout the country's history. Attempted attacks from individual terrorists unaffiliated with terrorist groups may be becoming more prevalent. Both the general public and government officials acknowledge the presence and importance of these attacks; however, relatively little literature exists on the subject compared to group terrorism. Much of the information on lone wolves has been established by case study, inference, and known ... |
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| Probabilistic Model for Laser Damage to the Human Retina |
Mar 2012 |
111 pages |
| Authors:
Jr Wooddell David A; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| Understanding how lasers interact with media during propagation is a premiere field of physics. The subject area known as laser bioeffects explores laser interactions with biological cells, tissues, organs, and bodies. This research includes laser applications used in medicine, establishes safe exposure limits for industry and academia, and generally studies the many effects of laser light on living creatures. The bioeffects community relies heavily on deterministic modeling and simulation tools ... |
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| Using Hybrid Simulation/Analytical Queueing Networks to Capacitate USAF Air Mobility Command Passenger Terminals |
Mar 2012 |
100 pages |
| Authors:
II Jessup Meredithe A; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| The objective of this study is to model operations at an airport passenger terminal to determine the optimal service capacities at each station given estimated passenger flow patterns and service rates. The central formulation is an open Jackson queueing network that can be applied to any USAF Air Mobility Command (AMC) terminal regardless of passenger type mix and flow data. A complete methodology for analyzing passenger flows and queue performance ... |
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| The Potential Observation Network Design with Mesoscale Ensemble Sensitivities in Complex Terrain |
Mar 2012 |
103 pages |
| Authors:
Kenneth H Chilcoat; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Observation network design requires some framework for sensitivity studies. The goal is to place observations where they will reduce forecast error the most. We use uncertainty estimates from our best forecast models as an indicator of forecast error. The first step is then to find initial-state perturbations that reduce forecast uncertainty by minimizing a user-dependent norm. Adjoint models have helped meet this challenge for decades. More recently, ensemble sensitivities have ... |
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| A Statistical Multimodel Ensemble Approach to Improving Long-Range Forecasting in Pakistan |
Mar 2012 |
149 pages |
| Authors:
Shane D Gillies; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF METEOROLOGY
|
| We have designed, developed, and tested a method for generating long-range forecasting systems for predicting environmental conditions at intraseasonal to seasonal lead times (lead times of several weeks to several seasons). The resulting systems use statistical, multimodel, and lagged average ensemble approaches. The ensemble members are generated by multiple regression models that relate globally distributed oceanic and atmospheric predictors to local predictands. The predictands are three tercile categorical forecast targets. ... |
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| Ranked Set Sampling: A Combination of Statistics & Expert Judgment |
Mar 2012 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY WASHINGTON DC
|
| In Ranked Set Sampling simple random sampling is used to create a large number of potential samples. The expert then ranks these potential samples and selects which to send for analysis. |
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| Judgmental or Probabilistic Sampling? |
Mar 2012 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
NEPTUNE AND CO INC DENVER CO
|
| Looks at the pros and cons of various sampling designs. |
|
| Popular Environmental Sampling Designs |
Mar 2012 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
NEPTUNE AND CO INC DENVER CO
|
| Sampling designs in common use: These are all probability-based (statistical) and all are well documented in the environmental literature: Simple Random, Systematic/Grid, Stratified, Composite, Incremental, Rank Set, Hot spot, and Adaptive Cluster. |
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| Searching for Hotspots |
Mar 2012 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
NEPTUNE AND CO INC DENVER CO
|
| The formulae for estimating a mean will not work if the objective is the detection of the presence of a potential hot-spot . The problem becomes: 1.) How big is the potential hotspot; 2.) How large a mesh-spacing is needed; and 3.) What is the chance of missing a hotspot. |
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| Post-hoc Designs |
Mar 2012 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
NEPTUNE AND CO INC DENVER CO
|
| The key aspect of probabilistic sampling design is that there is a known probablility of selection for every sampling unit in the population. |
|
| Incremental Sampling Methodology (ISM). Part 1, Section 2: Principles |
Mar 2012 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
INTERSTATE TECHNOLOGY AND REGULATORY COUNCIL(ITRC) WASHINGTON DC
|
| The objective of this briefing is to explain when using Incremental Sampling Methodology (ISM) how to use basic principles to improve planning, implementation and decision-making. Soil heterogeneity at 2 spatial scales makes it difficult to correctly interpret data results. |
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| Integrated Feature Normalization and Enhancement for Robust Speaker Recognition Using Acoustic Factor Analysis (Preprint) |
Mar 2012 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Taufiq Hasan; John H Hansen; TEXAS UNIV AT DALLAS CENTER FOR ROBUST SPEECH SYSTEMS (CRSS)
|
| State-of-the-art factor analysis based channel compensation methods for speaker recognition are based on the assumption that speaker/utterance dependent Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) mean super-vectors can be constrained to lie in a lower dimensional subspace, which does not consider the fact that conventional acoustic features may also be constrained in a similar way in the feature space. In this study, motivated by the low-rank covariance structure of cepstral features, we propose ... |
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| Afghanistan Casualties: Military Forces and Civilians |
29 Feb 2012 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Susan G Chesser; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| This report collects statistics from a variety of sources on casualties sustained during Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF), which began on October 7, 2001, and is ongoing. OEF actions take place primarily in Afghanistan; however, OEF casualties also include American casualties in Pakistan, Uzbekistan, Guantanamo Bay (Cuba), Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Jordan, Kenya, Kyrgyzstan, the Philippines, Seychelles, Sudan, Tajikistan, Turkey, and Yemen. Casualty data of U.S. military forces are compiled by the ... |
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| Signal Designs via Combinatorial Designs |
24 Feb 2012 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
K T Arasu; WRIGHT STATE UNIV DAYTON OH DEPT OF MATHEMATICS AND STATISTICS
|
| This report describes progress to date on designing signals using combinatorial designs. We shall regard signal design problems as The Correlation Problem . The Correlation Problem is to design sequences with specified lengths with entries chosen from a specified finite set so that all non-trivial periodic autocorrelations lie in a prescribed restrictive set. Mathematical tools from algebraic number theory, representation theory and group theory are employed to investigate the theory ... |
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| Collaborative Research: Model Reduction for Probabilistic Analysis and Design Under Uncertainty |
13 Feb 2012 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Matthias Heinkenschloss; Danny C Sorensen; Karen Willcox; RICE UNIV HOUSTON TX
|
| Effective computational tools to support decision-making under uncertainty are becoming essential in the design and operation of aerospace systems. The accurate and efficient propagation of uncertainties in parameters through complex, high fidelity computational models is a significant challenge. Since analytical characterizations of uncertainties in the system outputs are typically not available, numerical methods must be used that require repeated evaluations of models at suitably sampled parameters. Model reduction is a ... |
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| Collaborative Research: Model Reduction For Probabilistic Analysis And Design Under Uncertainty |
13 Feb 2012 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Karen E Willcox; Matthias Heinkenschloss; Danny C Sorensen; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE DEPT OF AERONAUTICS AND ASTRONAUTICS
|
| Effective computational tools to support decision-making under uncertainty are becoming essential in the design and operation of aerospace systems. The accurate and efficient propagation of uncertainties in parameters through complex, high fidelity computational models is a significant challenge. Since analytical characterizations of uncertainties in the system outputs are typically not available, numerical methods must be used that require repeated evaluations of models at suitably sampled parameters. Model reduction is a ... |
|
| A Division-Dependent Compartmental Model for Computing Cell Numbers in CFSE-based Lymphocyte Proliferation Assays |
12 Feb 2012 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
H T Banks; W C Thompson; Cristina Peligero; Sandra Giest; Jordi Argilaguet; Andreas Meyerhans; NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV AT RALEIGH CENTER FOR RESEARCH IN SCIENTIFIC COMPUTATION
|
| Some key features of a mathematical description of an immune response are an estimate of the number of responding cells and the manner in which those cells divide, differentiate, and die. The intracellular dye CFSE is a powerful experimental tool for the analysis of a population of dividing cells, and numerous mathematical treatments have been aimed at using CFSE data to describe an immune response [30, 31, 32, 37, 38, ... |
|
| Fokker-Planck Equations: Uncertainty in Network Security Games and Information |
12 Feb 2012 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Harvey T Banks; K Ito; NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV AT RALEIGH CENTER FOR RESEARCH IN SCIENTIFIC COMPUTATION
|
| We have significant accomplishments on uncertainty quantification in inverse problems for dynamical systems, generalized sensitivity and optimal design of experiments, elasticity and viscoelasticity modeling for buried target detection, and general inverse problem methodology for proliferating populations. Our efforts have continued on development of efficient accurate integration of Fokker Planck equations. Our objective is to analyze and optimize the dynamic behavior of nonlinear stochastic differential equations, especially the stochastic resonance effects ... |
|
| Optimal And Adaptive Control of Stochastic Systems |
11 Feb 2012 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Tyrone E Duncan; Bozenna Pasik-Duncan; KANSAS UNIV LAWRENCE
|
| A major focus of the research of this grant has been the control of stochastic systems with a large family of noise processes that are important for modeling and that have not previously been used or solved for control problems. Among these noise processes are the family of fractional Brownian motions. While Brownian motion is included in this family, all of the other members are neither semimartingales nor Markov processes. ... |
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| Acquisition Management for Systems-of-Systems: Analysis of Alternatives via Computational Exploratory Model |
03 Feb 2012 |
64 pages |
| Authors:
Daniel DeLaurentis; Muharrem Mane; Navindran Davendralingam; PURDUE UNIV LAFAYETTE IN SCHOOL OF AERONAUTICS AND ASTRONAUTICS
|
| The Department of Defense (DoD) has placed a growing emphasis on the pursuit of agile capabilities via net-centric operations. The breadth of technological advancements in communication and sensing has generated exciting opportunities for battlefield systems to exploit collaboration to multiple effects. In this setting, systems able to interoperate along several dimensions increase the efficiency of the overall system-of-systems (SoS) manifold. However, the manner in which these SoS are acquired (designed, ... |
|
| High Order Strong Stability Preserving Time Discretizations for the Time Evolution of Hyperbolic Partial Differential Equations |
01 Feb 2012 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Sigal Gottlieb; MASSACHUSETTS UNIV DARTMOUTH DEPT OF MATHEMATICS
|
| The objective of this project is to develop and analyze stable time discretizations suitable for the simulation of hyperbolic time-dependent partial differential equations. Implicit and explicit multi-step multi-stage time discretizations with optimal time-step restrictions have been developed, as well as implicit Runge--Kutta methods with downwinding and unconditional stability. A testing suite has been written to test some of these methods with a variety of spatial discretizations. New directions have been ... |
|
| Modeling and Bayesian Parameter Estimation for Shape Memory Alloy Bending Actuators |
Feb 2012 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
John H Crews; Ralph C Smith; NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV AT RALEIGH CENTER FOR RESEARCH IN SCIENTIFIC COMPUTATION
|
| In this paper, we employ a homogenized energy model (HEM) for shape memory alloy (SMA) bending actuators. Additionally, we utilize a Bayesian method for quantifying parameter uncertainty. The system consists of a SMA wire attached to a flexible beam. As the actuator is heated, the beam bends, providing endoscopic motion. The model parameters are fit to experimental data using an ordinary least-squares approach. The uncertainty in the fit model parameters ... |
|
| Quantitative Evaluation for Two-Dimensional Electromagnetic Propagation in a Dielectric Medium using Markov Chain Monte Carlo Method (Preprint) |
Feb 2012 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Jeremy S Knopp; Fumio Kojima; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH MATERIALS & MANUFACTURING DIR METALS CERAMICS & NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION DIV/NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION BRANCH
|
| The motivation of this work is to quantify the degradation of aging electrical cables. The dielectric material parameter of insulation can be correlated with degradation. In this paper, the forward problem is posed as a microwave nondestructive evaluation (NDE) problem. A 2D finite difference time domain (FDTD) was used to evaluate the forward problem. The inverse problem is solved via a Bayesian approach. The Bayesian formulation describes the solution as ... |
|
| Controlling Selection Bias in Causal Inference |
Feb 2012 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Elias Bareinboim; Judea Pearl; CALIFORNIA UNIV LOS ANGELES COGNITIVE SYSTEMS LAB
|
| Selection bias, caused by preferential exclusion of samples from the data, is a major obstacle to valid causal and statistical inferences; it cannot be removed by randomized experiments and can hardly be detected in either experimental or observational studies. This paper highlights several graphical and algebraic methods capable of mitigating and sometimes eliminating this bias. These non-parametric methods generalize previously reported results, and identify the type of knowledge that is ... |
|
| Runtime Monitoring and Verification of Systems with Hidden Information |
Feb 2012 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Doron Drusinsky; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
|
| This paper describes a technique for Run-time Monitoring (RM) and Run-time Verification (RV) of systems with invisible events and data artifacts. Our approach combines well-known Hidden Markov Model (HMM) techniques for learning and subsequent identification of hidden artifacts, with run-time monitoring of probabilistic formal specifications. The proposed approach entails a process in which the end-user first develops and validates deterministic formal specification assertions, and then identifies hidden artifacts in those ... |
|
| Behavioral and Temporal Pattern Detection Within Financial Data With Hidden Information |
Feb 2012 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Doron Drusinsky; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This paper describes a technique for behavioral and temporal pattern detection within financial data, such as credit card and bank account data, where the required information is only partially visible. Typically, transaction amount, transaction date, merchant name and type, and location of transaction are all visible data items, i.e., they are readily available in the financial institutions database. In contrast, the transaction status as a business transaction (using a personal ... |
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| The Masked Sample Covariance Estimator: An Analysis via the Matrix Laplace Transform |
Feb 2012 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Richard Y Chen; Alex Gittens; Joel A Tropp; CALIFORNIA INST OF TECH PASADENA DEPT OF COMPUTING AND MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES
|
| Covariance estimation becomes challenging in the regime where the number p of vari- ables outstrips the number n of samples available to construct the estimate. One way to circumvent this problem is to assume that the covariance matrix is nearly sparse and to focus on estimating only the signi cant entries. To analyze this approach, Levina and Vershynin (2011) introduce a formalism called masked covariance estimation, where each entry of ... |
|
| Probabilistic Analysis of Combinatorial Optimization Problems on Hypergraph Matchings |
Feb 2012 |
59 pages |
| Authors:
Pavlo Krokhmal; IOWA UNIV IOWA CITY
|
| This research project was concerned with probabilistic analysis of a class of discrete optimization problems whose underlying combinatorial structure is based on hypergraph matchings. The primary goal of was to provide theoretical insights into characteristic behavior and properties of this class of problems, which would furnish guidelines for development and tuning of solution algorithms, both exact and heuristic, as well as determine amenability of this class of problems to particular ... |
|
| Pliant Micro Membrane-Wing Tip Vorticity Estimation Using Strain Sensitive Active Materials |
Feb 2012 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Roberto Albertani; OREGON STATE UNIV CORVALLIS SCHOOL OF MECHANICAL INDUSTRIAL AND MANUFACTURING ENGINEERING (MIME)
|
| A mathematical correlation between wing-membrane discrete strains, wing lift and tip vorticity intensity, with simplified assumptions, was formulated and demonstrated. Wing circulation and lift estimation from tip vorticity, obtained via PIV measurements correlated qualitatively well with sting balance data from wind tunnel tests. The elastic pliant wing membrane shape under aerodynamic loads was estimated using a discrete number of strain information simulating patches of strain sensitive sensors on the surface ... |
|
| A Compartmental Model for Computing Cell Numbers in CFSE-based Lymphocyte Proliferation Assays |
31 Jan 2012 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
H T Banks; W C Thompson; Cristina Peligero; Sandra Giest; Jordi Argilaguet; Andreas Meyerhans; NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV AT RALEIGH CENTER FOR RESEARCH IN SCIENTIFIC COMPUTATION
|
| Some key features of a mathematical description of an immune response are an estimate of the number of responding cells and the manner in which those cells divide, differentiate, and die. The intracellular dye CFSE is a powerful experimental tool for the analysis of a population of dividing cells, and numerous mathematical treatments have been aimed at using CFSE data to describe an immune response. Recently, partial differential equation structured ... |
|
| Optimization Algorithms and Equilibrium Analysis for Dynamic Resource Allocation |
31 Jan 2012 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Yinyu Ye; STANFORD UNIV CA
|
| We consider optimization and equilibrium models and algorithms for dynamic resource allocation. The most important accomplishment would be the paper: The Simplex and Policy-Iteration Methods are Strongly Polynomial for the Markov Decision Problem with a Fixed Discount Rate, where I proved that the classic policy-iteration method (Howard 1960), including the Simplex method (Dantzig 1947) with the most-negative-reduced-cost pivoting rule, is a strongly polynomial-time exact algorithm for solving the Markov decision ... |
|
| Efficient FMM Accelerated Vortex Methods in Three Dimensions via the Lamb-Helmholtz Decomposition |
25 Jan 2012 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Nail A Gumerov; Ramani Duraiswami; MARYLAND UNIV COLLEGE PARK INST FOR ADVANCED COMPUTER STUDIES
|
| Vortex-element methods are often used to efficiently simulate incompressible flows using Lagrangian techniques. Use of the FMM (Fast Multipole Method) allows considerable speed up of both velocity evaluation and vorticity evolution terms in these methods. Both equations require field evaluation of constrained (divergence free) vector valued quantities (velocity, vorticity) and cross terms from these. These are usually evaluated by performing several FMM accelerated sums of scalar harmonic functions. We present ... |
|
| Advanced Numerical Methods for Computing Statistical Quantities of Interest from Solutions of SPDES |
19 Jan 2012 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Max Gunzburger; FLORIDA STATE UNIV TALLAHASSEE DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
|
| Computational simulation-based predictions are central to science and engineering and to risk assessment and decision making in economics, public policy, and military venues, including several of importance to Air Force missions. Unfortunately, predictions are often fraught with uncertainty so that effective means for quantifying that uncertainty are of pararuount importance. The research effort investigates and resolves important algorithmic, mathematical, and practical issues related to the efficient, accurate, and robust computational ... |
|
| An Adaptive ANOVA-Based Data-Driven Stochastic Method for Elliptic PDE with Random Coefficients |
11 Jan 2012 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Xin Hu; Guang Lin; Thomas Y Hou; Pengchong Yan; CALIFORNIA INST OF TECH PASADENA DEPT OF COMPUTING AND MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES
|
| Generalized polynomial chaos (gPC) methods have been applied to various stochastic problems in many physical and engineering fields. However realistic representation of stochastic inputs associated with various sources of uncertainty often leads to high dimensional representations that are computationally prohibitive. Additionally in the classic gPC methods the gPC bases are determined based on the probabilistic distribution of stochastic inputs. However, the stochastic outputs may not share the same probabilistic distribution ... |
|
| On the Construction of Optimal Paths to Extinction |
03 Jan 2012 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Andrew Kessler; Leah B Shaw; Ira B Schwartz; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC BEAM PHYSICS BRANCH
|
| One of the major problems in dealing with interacting finite populations of agents, such as molecules in chemistry or people in populations, is that there always exists a probability of one species or state going extinct. Predicting the probability of extinction requires a knowledge of how the dynamics progresses towards extinction. The path that optimizes the probability to extinction is defined to be the optimal path. Here we present an ... |
|
| Multivariable and Multigroup Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve Analyses for Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis |
Jan 2012 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
Waleed M Maswadeh; A P Snyder; ARMY EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER APG MD RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY DIR
|
| An algorithm was developed using univariate statistics to reduce and analyze multivariate and multiple group data sets. The algorithm features the quantitative and selectivity figures of merit of receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve methodology. This merging of two separate statistical analysis techniques resulted in the ability to address more than one variable in more than two experimental groups in a systematic fashion. The classic Fisher iris flower data set is ... |
|
| Analysis of Government Accountability Office Bid Protests in Air Force Source Selections over the Past Two Decades |
Jan 2012 |
62 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas Light; Frank A Camm; Mary E Chenoweth; Peter A Lewis; Rena Rudavsky; RAND PROJECT AIR FORCE SANTA MONICA CA
|
| This technical report presents the findings of analyses of data on U.S. Air Force acquisition protests submitted to the Government Accountability Office (GAO) over the preceding two decades. It is part of a larger study of the Air Force's recent experience with bid protests that performed case study analyses of recent successful, high-profile bid protests and identified various lessons learned. RAND Project AIR FORCE (PAF) undertook this effort at the ... |
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Statistics and Probability
