| Environmental Context and Implicit and Explicit Memory |
95 |
56 pages |
| Authors:
Ginni L. Guiton; GEORGIA UNIV ATHENS
|
 | We have all had experiences in which we were on our way to perform a task and forgot what we were going to do until we returned to the original place, or environmental context, where we first decided to do the task. What is it that enables us to remember the task when we return to the original context? What cognitive mechanisms underlie contextual memory support? Does environmental context differentially ... |
|
| The Activity of High-Frequency Vibratory Sensitive Neurons in Monkey Primary Somatosensory Cortex during the Initiation of Vibratory and Visually Cued Hand Movements |
95 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Michael A. Lebedev; Randall J. Nelson; TENNESSEE UNIV MEMPHIS DEPT OF ANATOMY AND NEUROBIOLOGY
|
| The activity of high-frequency vibratory sensitive (nFVS) neurons was recorded in monkey primary somatosensory cortex (SI) while animals performed wrist flexions and extensions in response to 27, 57 or 127 Hz palmar vibration or in response to visual stimuli serving as go-cues. HFVS neurons were distinguished by their best responsiveness to the highest frequency vibration (127 Hz) being better than to the lower frequencies. These neurons probably received input from ... |
|
| Final Technical Report for Contract N00014-91-J-1764 (Columbia College) |
95 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Zafra Lerman; Nestor A. Schmajuk; Geog Goldbogen; COLUMBIA COLL CHICAGO IL
|
| This study describes hippocampal participation in classical conditioning in terms of a multilayer network that portrays stimulus configuration. The network (a) describes behavior in real time, (b) incorporates a layer of "hidden" units positioned between input and output units, (c) includes inputs that are connected to the output directly as well as indirectly through the hidden-unit layer, and (d) employs a biologically plausible backpropagation procedure to train the hidden-unit layer. ... |
|
| Northwest Construction Contractors' Substance Abuse Policies and Practices |
95 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Darryl K. Creasy; UNIV OF WASHINGTON SEATTLE DEPT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
|
| The purpose of this research was to gain information about the incidence of substance abuse in the Northwest construction industry and to characterize contractor company policies and practices being implemented to deter substance abuse among construction workers. The findings show that substance abuse exists on Northwest construction sites. A large percentage of high volume construction contractors (76.9%) in the Northwest perform some type of substance abuse testing. Pre-employment and post ... |
|
| Psychological Effects of U.S. Air Operations in Four Wars, 1941 - 1991. Lessons for the Commanders |
95 |
|
| Authors:
Stephen T. Hosmer; RAND CORP SANTA MONICA CA
|
 | This study suggests ways to maximize the psychological impact of U.S. airpower in future conflicts. It draws on enemy prisoner of war (POW) interrogations and other data from the Korean, Vietnam, and Persian Gulf wars to analyze the psychological effects of past U.S. air operations against both enemy strategic targets and deployed forces. Among other objectives, the study aims to identify conditions that enhance or limit the psychological effects of ... |
|
| Modularity of Sequence Learning Systems in Humans |
95 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Steven W. Keele; Tim Curran; OREGON UNIV EUGENE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| In this chapter we examine other components that contribute to skill, concentrating on psychophysical studies of sequence learning. We provide evidence that sequence representation is modular in the sense that it is separable from the motor systems that actually implement movement. Thus, sequencing resembles timing in that an abstract relationship is transferrable among different input/output systems. Secondly, we provide evidence for different sequential learning systems that are in certain respects ... |
|
| Computational Modelling of Equiluminant Vision |
95 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
G. L. Zimmerman; TULANE UNIV NEW ORLEANS LA
|
| The goal of this grant was to obtain equipment for studying psychophysical and computational aspects of chromatic motion perception. The equipment consisted of color measurement, data capture, data storage and color presentation devices. Our main results include the influence of luminant motion information on equiluminant motion direction, the impact of equilumance on both page and RSVP reading, the development of computational method to eliminate motion blur, and adaptive computational model ... |
|
| Learning and the Human Brain: Abstracts |
1995 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
ABERDEEN UNIV (UNITED KINGDOM)
|
| This document contains the final proceedings of a conference on Learning and the Human Brain held at Kings College, University of Aberdeen, Scotland, 26-28 Jul 95. |
|
| Parasuicides in the Navy and Marine Corps: Hospital Admissions, 1989- 1995 |
1995 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Linda K. Trent; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| This is the first population-based study to identify and analyze nonfatal suicide attempts (parasuicides) in the US Navy and Marine Corps. Study objectives were to (1) determine parasuicide prevalence rates; (2) develop sociodemographic profiles of attempters by gender, service, and recruit status subgroups; (3) develop diagnostic profiles of attempters by the same subgroups; and (4) characterize diagnostically relevant groups, including substance abusers, repeat attempters, ... |
|
| War Psychiatry |
1995 |
|
| Authors:
Franklin D. Jones; Linette R. Sparacino; Victoria L. Wilcox; Joseph M. Rothberg; James W. Stokes; OFFICE OF THE SURGEON GENERAL (ARMY) FALLS CHURCH VA
|
| This volume of the Textbook of Military Medicine addresses the delivery of mental health services during wartime. The foreseeable future of the U.S. military includes the potential for involvement in a variety of conflicts, ranging from peace-keeping missions to massive deployments of personnel and materiel and possible nuclear, biological, and chemical threats as was seen in the Persian Gulf War. The medical role in wartime is critical to success of ... |
|
| President Truman's Dismissal of General MacArthur: A Case Study in Bureaucratic Politics |
1995 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
NATIONAL WAR COLL WASHINGTON DC
|
| President Harry Truman's dismissal of General Douglas MacArthur from Korea in 1951 occurred as a result of bureaucratic politics. For 40 years, historians have portrayed this decision as a straight-forward conflict between two strong-willed individuals. In reality, the President's decision was a result of a breakdown in communication due to misconceptions, inadequate third party advice, and partisan politics. In this paper, the decision to dismiss General MacArthur is analyzed using ... |
|
| Food Aid and Security: The Hunger Professionals' Dilemma |
1995 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Dale C. Waters; NATIONAL WAR COLL WASHINGTON DC
|
| Traditional views of world hunger that propel the actions of global relief agencies are increasingly dysfunctional in the chaotic security environment of the post-Cold War world. The current crop of starving children are not random victims of drought or other "acts of God." They are not just starving, they are being starved. They are the targets of man-made famines, the victims of savage tribal and ethnic warfare. Those providing aid ... |
|
| Bureaucratic Politics and the Bay of Pigs |
1995 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
D. C. O'Brien; NATIONAL WAR COLL WASHINGTON DC
|
| On 17 April 1961, a brigade of 1300 Cuban exiles conducted an amphibious assault at the Bay of Pigs (Bahia de Cochinos) on Cuba's southern coast. The Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) had recruited, organized, trained and equipped the Cuban brigade. CIA operatives participated in the assault and American pilots flew combat missions in support of the invasion. U.S. naval surface forces and carrier aircraft were involved in the operation. Less ... |
|
| Conceptual Understanding and Stability, and Knowledge Shields for Fending Off Conceptual Change |
31 DEC 94 |
83 pages |
| Authors:
Paul J. Feltovich; Rand J. Spire; Richard L. Coulson; Jans F. Adami; SOUTHERN ILLINOIS UNIV SCHOOL OF MEDICINE SPRINGFIELD
|
| The paper reports on the learning of difficult and complex concepts, the characteristics of these concepts that make them difficult for students to learn and understand well, the kind of misconceptions they acquire, and the difficulty of changing these misbeliefs. Mental maneuvers (Knowledge Shields) learners engage to ward off changing their beliefs are presented and discussed. (AN) |
|
| Warrior Spirit: What it is and How to Make it Happen? |
17 DEC 94 |
63 pages |
| Authors:
Robert C. Johnson; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SCHOOL OF ADVANCED MIL ITARY STUDIES
|
| A review of Army leadership doctrine exposes a disconnect. Army doctrine states that development of the 'warrior spirit' in soldiers, leaders, and organizations is vital to the Army's success. However, the Army does not have a uniform definition for the term warrior spirit in its leadership doctrine. This monograph defines and discusses techniques that a tactical level leader can use to foster the development of a 'warrior spirit' in his ... |
|
| Spontaneous Discovery and Use of Categorical Structure |
15 DEC 94 |
138 pages |
| Authors:
Gordon H. Bower; John P. Clapper; STANFORD UNIV CA DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| The research project had as its goal the conduct of several experiments to examine people's ability to spontaneously classify and organize a large database of examples when no external tutor is there to inform them of the optimal organization. Throughout several experiments, we developed and tested three different, indirect measures of people's category learning. One set of those experiments led to a report published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology: ... |
|
| The Roles and Functions of Fire Support in Peace Operations. Monograph |
12 DEC 94 |
68 pages |
| Authors:
Charles S. Kellar; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SCHOOL OF ADVANCED MIL ITARY STUDIES
|
| The collective security environment has changed dramatically in recent years. Ethnic conflict, traditional rivalries and religious disputes have increased the scope and frequency of peace operations for military forces. Instability is now the 'norm' which characterizes nearly all peace operations environments. UN and US forces are ostensibly committed to peace operations on a continual basis and must, therefore, extract the maximum contribution for each component element. Versatile application of all ... |
|
| Learning from Incomplete Data |
10 DEC 94 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Zoubin Ghahramani; Michael I. Jordan; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE LAB
|
| Real-world learning tasks often involve high-dimensional data sets with complex patterns of missing features. In this paper we review the problem of learning from incomplete data from two statistical perspectives---the likelihood-based and the Bayesian. The goal is two-fold: to place current neural network approaches to missing data within a statistical framework, and to describe a set of algorithms, derived from the likelihood-based framework, that handle clustering, classification, and function approximation ... |
|
| Temporal and Qualitative Decomposition of Plausible Reasoning |
01 DEC 94 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
David A. Swinney; Edward E. Smith; CALIFORNIA UNIV SAN DIEGO LA JOLLA DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| The goal of this work is to detail the temporal course of information integration during plausible reasoning, with a focus on: (1)the component processes in terms of their time courses and information content; (2) the degree to which reasoning consists of modular (autonomous, independent, informationally encapsulated) stages of processing; and (3) how components of reasoning are drawn together to eventuate in a single answer to a reasoning problem . This ... |
|
| Factors Affecting the Motivation of Skilled Craftsmen in the United States Air Force |
DEC 94 |
158 pages |
| Authors:
Timothy W. Bentley; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| With the current defense spending cuts in the Department of Defense it is becoming increasingly important to get the most productivity out of all remaining personnel. Most United States Air Force installations are maintained by crews of military and civil service civilian skilled craftsmen. These craftsmen perform work ranging from maintenance to minor construction and serve a vital role in keeping the Air Force running. The motivation of these workers ... |
|
| Achievement Motivation Measured Through Academic Performance in Officer Training School Candidates |
DEC 94 |
119 pages |
| Authors:
Lynn J. Stone; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| Officer Training School (OTS) is one of several commissioning sources into the United States Air Force (USAF) officer corp. These sources (and their respective percentages) are OTS (25%), Reserve Officer Training Corp (42%) , Air Force Academy (15%), and other (18%) . OTS is a 14-week course that has the mission to lead, train, motivate, evaluate, and commission as second lieutenants candidates who attain Air Force officership standards in response ... |
|
| Leader Traits and Behavior as Determinants of Leadership Effectiveness in a Military Academy |
DEC 94 |
94 pages |
| Authors:
Brian F. Hall; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| This correlational field study examined the relationships between personality traits, leader behaviors, and leader effectiveness. The study took place at the United States Air Force Academy, and the subjects were the eighty cadet squadron commanders in position during the 1993 - 1994 academic year. Additionally, this research analyzed the effect of the leadership training currently given to the cadet commanders. The results of the study showed that all of the ... |
|
| Achieving Military Objectives in Asia: The Impact of Unilateral Policy- Making |
DEC 94 |
126 pages |
| Authors:
John M. Busch; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| The world of international political and economic relations is complex and dynamic. Many players and cultures come together to create the world community. When these cultures meet, the relations are sometimes peaceful and beneficial to each party.Other times they are hostile and violent. One major factor in international relations is the misperception on the part of political-economic scholars, which influence the ideas of others at the forefront of modern international ... |
|
| Nutritional and Immunological Assessment of Ranger Students with Increased Caloric Intake |
DEC 94 |
221 pages |
| Authors:
Ronald Shippee; E. W. Askew; Edward Bernton; L. Martinez- Lopez; Matt Kramer; ARMY RESEARCH INST OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE NATICK MA
|
| US Army Ranger Training is one of the armed forces most physically demanding training schools. Independent research by USARIEM and WRAIR during the summer of 1991 documented the severity of the physiological effects of Ranger Training. Energy deficits averaged 30% over the 8 weeks of training. The students averaged only 4 hours of sleep per 24 hour periods. The affect of these stressors resulted in an average of 16% decrease ... |
|
| Blinks, Saccades, and Fixation Pauses During Vigilance Task Performance: 1. Time on Task |
DEC 94 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
John A. Stern; Donna Boyer; David Schroeder; Mark Touchstone; Nikolai Stoliarov; UNIV OF WASHINGTON SEATTLE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| In the future, operators of complex equipment will spend more time monitoring computer controlled devices rather than having hands-on control of such equipment. The operator intervenes in system operation under "unusual" conditions or when there is a computer malfunction. The latter occurs relatively seldom. The operator's task thus becomes a "vigilance" task, one requiring attention to monitoring equipment with little need for action. An individual's ability to maintain vigilance is ... |
|
| Learning in an Intentional System |
DEC 94 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Lawerence Birnbaum; Greg Collins; NORTHWESTERN UNIV EVANSTON IL INST FOR THE LEARNING SCIENCES
|
| The goal of the project, as outlined in the original proposal, was to carry out research aimed at the construction of adaptive planning systems that can learn in response to planning failures, i.e., modelling learning to plan as a process of debugging. Previous approaches to failure-driven learning, notably Sussman (1975), have been based on a traditional models of planning. in which the planner generates a monolithic, self-contained plan to be ... |
|
| Using Computerized Neuropsychological Testing to Assess Aviator Skills |
DEC 94 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher F. Flynn; Raymond B. King; ARMSTRONG LAB BROOKS AFB TX AEROSPACE MEDICINE DIRECTORATE
|
| Successful pilots must be cognitively and psychologically "fit' to preserve cockpit situational awareness while executing complex job demands in an unforgiving environment. The neuropsychological attributes of successful U.S. Air Force (USAF) aircrew, however, are largely unstudied. To conveniently collect a large sample of aviators data for comparison to mission performance, an easy-to-use and reliable test delivery system is required. The Neuropsychiatrically Enhanced Flight Screening (N-EFS) program is one product of ... |
|
| Innovation in the 21ST Century: Reconciling Technological Expertise with Military Genius |
DEC 94 |
65 pages |
| Authors:
Samuel A. Guthrie; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SCHOOL OF ADVANCED MIL ITARY STUDIES
|
| As the United States Army prepares for the 21st Century, few things are as certain as the tremendous influence that emerging technologies will have on military capability. The purpose of this monograph is to establish how you reconcile technological expertise with military genius. To resolve this question, the monograph begins by examining definitions and theories for genius, expertise, technology and innovation. This includes an investigation of the effects of technology ... |
|
| The Roots of Japanese Militarism |
DEC 94 |
141 pages |
| Authors:
Henry J. Hendrix Ii; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Militarism in pre-World War Two Japan was a product of Japan's culture, manifested within its distinctive internal domestic institutions, stimulated by the encroaching external pressures, and is distinct from militarism anywhere else in the world. The culture of Japan emphasized the group over the individual, a strong sense of hierarchy, and a profound pride in the divine nature of the national essence. The abrupt intrusion of the technologically advanced Western ... |
|
| Sleep Management Manual |
DEC 94 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Tamsin L. Kelly; Mark R. Rosekind; Paul Naitoh; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Sleep is an essential physical need, like food, air, and water. You can skimp on it only to a point and still function. You will only perform and feel your best if you get an optimum amount of sleep. When operational requirements make this impossible, it is critical that you obtain the maximum amount of sleep possible within operational limitations. Also, it important that you know the effects of sleep ... |
|
| Example Based Learning for View-Based Human Face Detection |
DEC 94 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Kah K. Sung; Tomaso Poggio; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE LAB
|
| We present an example-based learning approach for locating vertical frontal views of human faces in complex scenes. The technique models the distribution of human face patterns by means of a few view-based "face" and "non-face' prototype clusters. At each image location, the local pattern is matched against the distribution-based model, and a trained classifier determines, based on the local difference measurements, whether or not a human face exists at the ... |
|
| How One Federal Research Laboratory Views Technology Transfer |
DEC 94 |
102 pages |
| Authors:
Roy W. Hale; WRIGHT LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| Although literature in the technology management field has abounded with insights into technology transfer (T2) as viewed from industrial and academic research, relatively little is known about management attitudes on the federal side of the interface. Some writers have tried to characterize what aspects of federal technology transfer are important in order to maximize the efficacy of the T2 process. From such writings, federal participants have wrestled with applying these ... |
|
| Perceptions of Racial and Gender Bias in Naval Aviation Flight Training |
DEC 94 |
124 pages |
| Authors:
Scot A. Miller; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Naval Aviation policy makers are concernd that bias may exist in Naval Aviation flight training. This bias takes two general forms; a negative bias against minority/female flight students, and a double standard bias in which minority/female flight students are given more opportunities to succeed. This study presents an objective, quantitative analysis to determine if evidence of either kinds of bias exist in flight training. A database of several thousand student ... |
|
| Measurement and Regulation of Central Noradrenergic Receptors |
30 NOV 94 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Eric A. Stone; Sanil J. Mncln; Yi Zhang; NEW YORK UNIV MEDICAL CENTER NY
|
| Progress was made in a number of areas related to the role of the central noradrenergic system in the behavioral effects of stress. First we established that norepinephrine mediates the persistent anxiety after stress as other have found in various learning paradigms thus linking studies of stress to studies of learned anxiety. Second we showed that a likely factor in this effect is the stimulation of the gene, c-fos, which ... |
|
| Cognitive Diagnosis Combined with Latent Trait Theory and Multiphase Responses |
25 NOV 94 |
47 pages |
| Authors:
Fumiko Samejima; TENNESSEE UNIV KNOXVILLE DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| This is a summary of the research conducted in 1900-94 under the title, 'Cognitive diagnosis Combined with Latent Trait Theory and Multiphase Responses.' |
|
| Report on Grant AFOSR-91-0333 (Tennessee University) |
21 NOV 1994 |
84 pages |
| Authors:
Randall J. Nelson; TENNESSEE UNIV MEMPHIS DEPT OF ANATOMYAND NEUROBIOLOGY
|
| Three research goats were accomplished during this third year. (1) Analysis of data indicated that the responsiveness of primary somatosensory (SI) cortical neurons is unattended if when behavioral conditions become unpredictable. This observation fits with the hypothesis that during stereotyped behavior, neuronal responsiveness is gated so that the CNS may partially engage in other activities. (2) SI cortical neurons that respond to vibratory go-cues for wrist movement with the greatest ... |
|
| Work Force Motivation. Change 1 |
16 NOV 94 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
WASHINGTON HEADQUARTERS SERVICES (DOD) DC
|
| The attached Change 1 to DoD Instruction 5010.39, "Work Force Motivation," November 16,1984, is provided to DTIC. The DTIC accession number for the basic Instruction ADA-272149. |
|
| AMEDD Clinical Psychology Short Course Held at Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC, 24 - 28 May 1993 |
15 NOV 94 |
111 pages |
| Authors:
A. D. Mangelsdorff; Gary Southwell; Katherine Stephens; ARMY HEALTH CARE STUDIES AND CLINICAL INVESTIGATION ACTIVITY FORT SAM HOUSTON TX
|
| Proceedings of the 1993 AMEDD Clinical Psychology Short Course conducted in Bethesda, Maryland. Presentations examined changes in AMEDD clinical Psychology, neuropsychology, National Health Reform, forensic psychology, and organizational changes. |
|
| Quantification of Special Operations Mission-Related Performance: Performance Database |
14 NOV 1994 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
John R. Thomas; John Schrot; Frank K. Butler Jr.; Michael D. Curley; NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH INST BETHESDA MD
|
| In order to evaluate the impact of environmental and physiological stressors on the conduct of Special Operations activities and techniques to minimize the effects of these stressors, it has become essential to develop standardized measurements of Special Operations mission-related performance and to ensure that measures selected relate as directly as possible to actual operational tasks. In order to select/develop appropriate measures of performance, information was needed on critical performance abilities ... |
|
| Quantitative Evaluation of Behavior of Marine Mammals: Behavioral Response to Acoustic Disturbance |
14 NOV 94 |
|
| Authors:
Peter Tyack; William A. Watkins; WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION MA
|
| The student, Amy Samuels, is being supported to develop systematic observational protocols and quantitative methods for analyzing the behavior of cetaceans in order to provide quantitative baseline profiles of "normal" behavior and to identify reliable indicators of disturbance response. Research dedicated to identifying predictable patterns of normal behavior is essential for the design of robust disturbance experiments. During 1993-94, Samuels participated in 2 research cruises that were dedicated to study ... |
|
| Georgetown Institute for Cognitive and Computational Sciences |
04 NOV 94 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Robert S. Ledley; Alan I. Faden; NATIONAL BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH FOUNDATION WASHINGTON DC
|
| Georgetown Institute for Cognitive and Computational Sciences Georgetown University Medical Center has established a Department of Neuroscience to provide the optimal academic structure to support the Georgetown Institute for Cognitive and Computational Science (GICCS). Several experts in the field were invited to participate in the planning, organization and recruitment of the chair and faculty for the Department of Neuroscience. The chair of this department is being actively recruited; final candidates ... |
|
| Low-Dose Alcohol Effects on Human Behavior and Performance: A Review of Post-1984 Research |
NOV 94 |
50 pages |
| Authors:
Frank A. Holloway; OKLAHOMA UNIV HEALTH SCIENCES CENTER OKLAHOMA CITY
|
| The purpose of this review was to survey the literature examining alcohol effects on human behavior and performance, especially low alcohol dose effects. Other comprehensive reviews on this topic from 1975 to 1990 found that alcohol could affect all classes of performance, but that the kinds of performance most sensitive to low dose effects depended on: (a) the analysis of skills or abilities (selective attention), (b) the kind of task ... |
|
| Neural Models of Motion Perception |
NOV 94 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen Grossberg; Ennio Mingolla; BOSTON UNIV MA
|
| Six research projects supported by this grant during the reporting period have resulted in one published book chapter, one refereed article in press, two articles under review, and five conference publications. Areas of research included design and simulation of network architectures for: (1) spatial pooling and perceptual framing by synchronized cortical dynamics; (2) synthetic aperture radar processing by a multiple scale; (3) formation of cortical maps of ocular dominance and ... |
|
| Summary Proceedings of the Joint Industry-FAA Conference on the Development and Use of PC-Based Aviation Training Devices, Held in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma on 16-17 Jun 1994 |
NOV 94 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Kevin W. Williams; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION WASHINGTON DC OFFICE OF AVIATION MEDICINE
|
| This report is a summarization of the proceedings of a joint industry - FAA conference on the development and use of PC-based aviation training devices (PCATDs) that was held June 16-17, 1994 in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. Attendees to the conference included representatives from the PC development community, various universities conducting aviation training research, and the FAA. The primary purpose of the conference was to provide a forum of open dialog ... |
|
| Teaching Excellence; Methodologies to Assess Teaching Effectiveness |
NOV 94 |
164 pages |
| Authors:
Steven G. Webb; AIR UNIV MAXWELL AFB AL
|
| The only thing constant about change is that it is inevitable. Nothing could be more true about this statement than how it so aptly defines society today. The data base of knowledge acquired by the human race is accelerating at an astonishing, yet sometimes exhilarating, pace. The technological marvels being introduced today were mere dreams a few years ago. Technology is a large part of our very existence; it is ... |
|
| Problem Based Learning in Medical Education: A Qualitative Study of Curriculum Design and Students' Experience in an Experimental Program |
NOV 94 |
281 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen S. Davis; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| The purpose of this research is to understand a problem- based learning curriculum as applied to the College of Medicine at The Ohio State University and to study students' experience within it. The chapter begins with a brief synopsis of problem-based learning and a definition of the term curriculum. Reasons for the study are offered next, followed by the research methodology, research questions, and the boundaries of the study. ... |
|
| Life Coping Skills in U.S Army, Europe Pilot Program |
NOV 94 |
83 pages |
| Authors:
Rosemary Dawson; Jeanne Hebein; Chaille Maddox; Mollie Kerr; Kathryn Brooks; HUMAN RESOURCES RESEARCH ORGANIZATION ALEXANDRIA VA
|
| The Doing It in Deutschland programs were developed to teach first- term enlisted soldiers in USAREUR the knowledge and skills needed to (1) use public transportation in Germany, (2) eat out on the economy, (3) use USAREUR community resources, (4) shop in German stores, and (5) understand the legal aspects of living in Germany. The programs are competency-based, multi-media programs that utilize two delivery systems: first, a mass media approach ... |
|
| Training Metacognitive Skills for Problem Solving |
NOV 94 |
51 pages |
| Authors:
James Geiwitz; ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS INC PITTSBURGH PA
|
| Metacognitive skills that involve monitoring and control of cognitive skills like problem solving develop in expert executives and lead to great improvement in the problem-solving process. In this report, we review theory and research on metacognition to construct a conceptual model that has three characteristics: (1) it shows the interrelationship of metacognitive skills and cognitive task performances, (2) it suggests the most valid assessment techniques for the measurement of metacognitive ... |
|
| Understanding Problein Solving Strategies |
NOV 94 |
100 pages |
| Authors:
Julia F. Pounds; Jon J. Fallesen; ARMY RESEARCH INST FOR THE BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES ALEXANDRIA VA
|
| The way in which problems are solved can have a dramatic impact on success. This report discusses the role strategies have in thinking processes, metacognition, planning, expertise, and decisions. The report also provides a description of each of 66 strategies identified in psychological studies. The strategies have been grouped into three classes with three subordinate categories each. The classes of strategies are managing information, controlling progress, and making choices. The ... |
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| Macroprocesses and Adaptive Instruction |
NOV 94 |
206 pages |
| Authors:
Sigmund Tobias; CITY COLL NEW YORK
|
| A paradigm for the unobtrusive monitoring of students' cognitive processing of instruction (macroprocessing) by microcomputer was developed for this project. The paradigni was used in four experiments that examined the types of processing students use during their reading of expository texts. The results indicated that students' voluntary use of macroprocesses and review was highly variable and ineffective. However, when the instructional system prescribed or prompted use of review if there ... |
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Psychology
