| Advanced Lubrication for Energy Efficiency, Durability and Lower Maintenance Costs of Advanced Naval Components and Systems |
Feb 2010 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Wenping Jiang; Dmytro Demydov; NANOMECH LLC FAYETTEVILLE AR
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 | In boundary lubrication, spacing of mating surfaces in direct physical contact is in the scale of surface asperities. These conditions may benefit from the nanoscale dimension of the advanced nanoparticle lubricants in the following ways: (1) by supplying nano to sub-micron size lubricating agents which reduce friction and wear at the asperity contact zone, (2) by enabling strong metal adsorption and easy wetting, (3) by reacting with the surface to ... |
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| Fluoroolefins as Peptide Mimetics. 2. A Computational Study of the Conformational Ramifications of Peptide Bond Replacement |
Jan 2010 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Brian E McKinney; Joseph J Urban; NAVAL ACADEMY ANNAPOLIS MD
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| The design of peptide mimetic compounds is greatly facilitated by the identification of functionalities that can act as peptide replacements. The fluoroalkene moiety has recently been employed for that purpose. The purpose of this work is to examine the conformational ramifications of replacing peptide bonds with fluoroalkene moieties, thus generating peptidomimetics. The alanine dipeptide analogue (ADA) was chosen as a model compound. Three peptidomimetic systems were investigated including one generated ... |
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| Precision Studies of Gas-Surface Collisional Energy Transfer at Complex Interfaces |
01 Dec 2009 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Steven J Sibener; CHICAGO UNIV IL
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| In this Final Technical Report we describe the accomplishments that have occurred in this AFOSR funded project. It has been a very productive period: we have studied the dynamical properties of polymeric interfaces in nanoconfinement; demonstrated the efficacy of using hyperthermal neutral atomic beams for sputtering; developed refined models of hyperthermal gas-surface energy/momentum exchange; developed a new method for probing molecular diffusion through polymeric thin films; and explored the oxidative ... |
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| Time-Resolved Photoisomerization Using Femtosecond Stimulated Raman Spectroscopy |
Dec-2009 |
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| Authors:
F F Crim; WISCONSIN UNIV-MADISON DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
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 | This grant permitted construction of instrumentation for monitoring excited state photoisomerization using femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy, a particularly informative means of following molecules as they evolve in the excited state. The heart of the instrument is a modern, regeneratively amplified ultrafast Ti:sapphire laser. That laser and associated devices enable experiments using a combination of sophisticated excitation schemes and sophisticated detection methods. These photoisomerization experiments probe the role of excited state ... |
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| Synthesis and Characterization of Phosphonium-Containing Cationic Poly(styrene) Polymers |
Dec 2009 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Kristoffer Stokes; Frederick L Beyer; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| Alkaline fuel cells have been proposed as a cost effective alternative energy solution due to their cheap manufacture and low operating temperatures. Their mass utilization, however, is hindered by their electrolyte material. While relatively inexpensive solid proton exchange membranes have been available for some time now, alkaline fuel cells still rely on liquid electrolyte to provide mobility to the anionic species. In this technical note, we describe an ionomeric system ... |
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| Effect of Nanoscale Fillers on the Local Mechanical Behavior of Polymer Nanocomposites |
Dec 2009 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Ioannis Chasiotis; ILLINOIS UNIV URBANA DEPT OF AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
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| In this research program we investigated (a) the effective and local mechanical and fracture behavior of EPON epoxy with nanoscale fumed silica particles, and (b) the mechanical and interfacial properties of individual vapor grown carbon nanofibers (VGCNFs) embedded in EPON epoxy. Local Atomic Force Microscopy/Digital Image Correlation (AFM/DIC) measurements showed strain localization and matrix yielding in the vicinity of 100-nanometer silica particles, which reduced the composite stiffness. The tensile strength ... |
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| Testing MiniSTR Primers for Addition to a PCR-Based Forensic Specimen Identification Protocol |
Nov-2009 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Dennis Burian; Doris M Kupfer; Laura Guzman; CENTRAL OKLAHOMA UNIV EDMOND OK
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| An assay has been developed for polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based human identity testing using the Federal Bureau of Investigation's human Combined DNA Identity System (CODIS) primers. Recent forensic literature has identified difficulties using these primers due to amplicon size and the degraded nature of DNA from forensic samples. Primers termed mini Short-Tandem Repeat (STR) primers targeted to the same loci as the CODIS primers but which have smaller amplicons have ... |
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| Microstructural Design & Optimization of Highly Filled Epoxy Based Composites |
Nov-2009 |
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| Authors:
Bradley White; Jennifer L Jordan; D W Richards; Jonathan E Spowart; Naresh N Thadhani; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EGLIN AFB FL MUNITIONS DIRECTORATE
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| The dynamic mechanical properties of multi-constituent particulate composites, consisting of individual Ni and Al particles dispersed in an epoxy matrix are investigated in this study. Properties of such composites depend on the mechanical and physical properties of the individual components; their loading density; the shape and size of the particles; the interfacial adhesion; residual stresses; and matrix porosity. These multi-phase particulate composites systems, particularly those with high fill densities, have ... |
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| Self-Assembly of Symmetric Diblock Copolymers in Planar Slits with and without Nanopatterns: Insight from Dissipative Particle Dynamics Simulations - Supporting Information |
03-Oct-2009 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Martin Lisal; John K Brennan; Pavel Petrus; ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC PRAGUE
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| Descriptions and schematic phase drawings of self-assembled symmetric diblock copolymers in planar slits with and without nanopatterns. |
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| Mechanistic Investigations of Branched Macromolecules and Metal Nanocomposites for Nonlinear Optical Applications |
26-Sep-2009 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Goodson; Theodore III; MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR
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| Support from the Army Research Office (ARO) has provided the opportunity for studies encompassing a combined effort consisting of different experimental and synthetic methods to produce novel nonlinear optical (NLO) materials with enhanced properties. This included the development of new synthetic branched organic macromolecules with different central core groups such as benzene, nitrogen, phosphorous, carbon as well as adamantine. These investigations gave the opportunity to probe the importance of the ... |
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| High-Resolution, Large-Area, Nano Imprint Lithography |
27 Aug 2009 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
Moonho Jo; Sooyoung Park; Younghee Lee; Kimbum Kim; SEOUL NATIONAL UNIV SEOUL (KOREA SOUTH) SCHOOL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
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| This document contains results from four different basic research projects under the Phase I of US-Korea NBIT Program (2007-2010). It is the 2nd year results covering research results from 2008-2009. It begins with the fourth report, High-resolution, Large-Area, Nano Imprint Lithography Using Electron Lattice Images and Electron-emitting Nanoprobes by US primary investigator, Prof. Sungho Jin, UC San Diego, and the Korean primary investigator, Ki-Bum Kim, Seoul National University. It is ... |
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| Stimulus-Sensitive Self-Assembling Polymers |
11-Aug-2009 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Sankaran Thayumanavan; MASSACHUSETTS UNIV AMHERST MA OFFICE OF GRANT AND CONTRACT ADMIN
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| Assemblies that sequester guest molecules based on its solubility are of immense interest to carry out extraction as well as reactions particularly when molecules have distinct solubility profiles. The U.S. Army has an interest in this area due to the possibility of using the assemblies to decontaminate and destruct the chemical warfare (CW) agents. Amphiphilic polymer based assemblies that differentially sequester guest molecules are potential candidates towards neutralizing the CW ... |
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| Combination Sorbent and Reactive Chemistries for Use in Highly Efficient Aerobic Oxidations (W911NF0510081) |
14-Jul-2009 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Michel R Gagne; NORTH CAROLINA UNIV AT CHAPEL HILL
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| The purpose of this work was to investigate the possibility of utilizing metalloporphyrins as the catalysts for aerobic oxidation of alcohols, We proposed to investigate the catalytic activity of the metalloporphyrins in solution and in a polymer-supported form. The porous polymer was anticipated to concentrate substrates, especially in the inflammable fluorinated solvents. Since oxygen solubility in fluorinated solvent is several times higher than in nonfluorous organic solvents, such systems were ... |
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| High-Voltage Poling of a Bulk Sample of Disperse Red 1 Polymethylmethacrylate Guest-Host Polymer for U.S. Army Electro-Optical Applications |
Jul-2009 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen Fallis; Warren Herman; Andrew P Chafin; Matthew C Davis; Geoffrey A Lindsay; Timothy Pritchett; Robert C Hoffman; George R Martin; Joseph M Dougherty; Adam M Rawlett; Robert H Lambeth; Nicole E Zander; Joshua A Orlicki; Andrew G Mott; Jan Andzelm; Dong Park; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
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| The U.S. Army Research Laboratory is currently developing novel materials with high-bulk electro-optic (EO) activities that are transparent in the visible and/or near infrared regions of the spectrum. This multi-defense laboratory collaboration is a highly interactive and multispectral research effort (with expertise spanning from molecular modeling, materials development and processing, and system fabrication and testing), which is operating toward the development of fast EO shutters. A computational effort to predict ... |
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| Targeting the Tumor Extracellular Matrix of Prostate Cancer with the Clot-binding Peptides CLT1 and CLT2 |
Jul-2009 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Jan Pilch; PITTSBURGH UNIV PA
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| Hormone refractory prostate cancer is virtually incurable as it responds only poorly to conventional chemo- and radiation therapy. It is our goal to improve the overall outcome of prostate cancer through targeted delivery of drugs which are conjugated to homing peptides with high affinity for specific binding sites expressed in prostate tumors. We recently identified two peptides, CLT1 (CGLIIQKNEC) and CLT2 (CNAGESSKNC), that accumulate in tumor interstitial spaces where they ... |
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| New Fluorinated and Sulfonated Block Copolymers Final Report |
23-Apr-2009 |
60 pages |
| Authors:
Samuel P Gido; Jimmy W Mays; Suxiang Deng; Mohammed K Hassan; Kenneth A Mauritz; MASSACHUSETTS UNIV AMHERST
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| A new class of fluorinated and sulfonated block copolymers was synthesized and characterized with respect to morphology using TEM and small angle X-ray and neutron scattering. Proton and methanol transport properties were evaluated with a view toward using these materials for fuel cell membranes. The materials formed microphase separated morphologies, which were generally less well ordered than unfluorinated and sulfonated block copolymers. |
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| Anisotropic Self-Assembly of Spherical Polymer-Grafted Nanoparticles |
Apr 2009 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Pinar Akcora; Hongjun Liu; Sanat K Kumar; Joseph Moll; Yu Li; Brian C Benicewicz; Linda S Schadler; Devrim Acehan; Athanassios Z Panagiotopoulos; Victor Pryamitsyn; Venkat Ganesan; Jan Ilavsky; Pappanan Thiyagarajan; Ralph H Colby; COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK DEPT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
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| It is easy to understand the self-assembly of particles with anisotropic shapes or interactions (for example, cobalt nanoparticles or proteins) into highly extended structures. However, there is no experimentally established strategy for creating a range of anisotropic structures from common spherical nanoparticles. We demonstrate that spherical nanoparticles uniformly grafted with macromolecules ('nanoparticle amphiphiles') robustly self-assemble into a variety of anisotropic superstructures when they are dispersed in the corresponding homopolymer matrix. ... |
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| Thermodynamic Stability and Kinetic Lability of Fully-Condensed Fluorinated Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS) Cages (Preprint) |
26-Mar-2009 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Jerry Boatz; Joseph M Mabry; Timothy S Haddad; Sarah Weber; ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND CONSULTING INC (ERC INC) EDWARDS AFB CA
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| Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS) cages [RSiO(sub 1.5)]n are a class of nano-particles that are being exploited as property modifiers to virtually every type of polymer imaginable. The most common of these materials are the R8Si8O12 derivatives (also known as the T(sub 8's)), as the octomeric cage is preferentially formed in almost all synthetic pathways reported. However, well-defined oligomeric cages with n = 6, 10, 12 or 14 are also known ... |
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| Synthesis of Polyimides Produced from Novel High Temperature Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane Dianilines |
26-Mar-2009 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Vandana Vij; Joseph M Mabry; Timothy S Haddad; Gregory R Yandek; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
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| Polyimides (PIs) are used extensively in a variety of applications such as circuit-printing films and semiconductor coatings in the microelectronics industry, spacecraft materials including solar arrays, thermal insulation blankets, and space inflatable structures, and in components in modern aircraft. PIs are well known for their thermal stability but are prone to long-term oxidative degradation and are notorious for having hydrothermal issues, especially when used in fiber-reinforced composites. A potential approach ... |
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| Toward Mechanically-Robust Omniphobic Composite Coatings using Fluoroalkyl-Modified Silica (Preprint) |
24-Mar-2009 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Raymond Campos; Timothy S Haddad; Joseph Mabry; ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND CONSULTING INC (ERC INC) EDWARDS AFB CA
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| The wide applicability of non-wetting materials has generated a surge in commerical, military, and academic materials research. Previous studies have elucidated three parameters useful in the development of non-wetting surfaces: chemical functionality (high fluorine content), multiple scales of surface roughness (nano and micro), and surface geometry (re-entrant curvature). These parameters have been used in the development of materials that are superhydrophobic and superoleophobic. Although many of these surfaces exhibit the ... |
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| Smart Polymer Surfaces |
27-Feb-2009 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey T Koberstein; COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK
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| In many materials applications it is highly desirable to design and control the properties and behavior of surfaces. The task of modifying surfaces to control properties is a daunting one because many surface characteristics are related to the nature of chemical and physical structure on a molecular level. The overall goal of this research is to develop new methods for the molecular design and fabrication of smart surfaces with properties ... |
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| Block Copolymer Magnetic Nanoarchitectures for RF Applications |
06-Feb-2009 |
2 pages |
| Authors:
Peter Kofinas; MARYLAND UNIV COLLEGE PARK
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| The goal of this research is to develop novel polymer nanocomposites with improved shape-flexibility, ease in processing, and high ratio of magnetic permeability ((mu)r) to dielectric permittivity ((epsilon)r) for smaller physical size, wider bandwidth, and higher power efficiency antenna systems. The research effort consisted of: 1) investigation of the influence of nanoparticle dimension, chemical composition, and orientation within polymer matrices on magneto-dielectric properties, 2) synthesis of polymer compatible, low energy ... |
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| Electroactive Reactive Oligomers and Polymers as Device Components |
03-Feb-2009 |
37 pages |
| Authors:
John R Reynolds; FLORIDA UNIV GAINESVILLE DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
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| The development of conjugated. conducting and electroactive oligomers, polymers and multi-component materials is proposed for application to photovoltaic, organic electronic and other devices of interest to the Air Force. We will design, synthesize, and characterize oligomers and polymers having a large enhancement of a property or a high degree of tunability of the property via repeat unit, macromolecular and morphological structures. Proto-type devices will be studied as a means of ... |
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| Polyfibroblast: A Self-Healing and Galvanic Protection Additive |
29-Jan-2009 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Jason J Benkoski; JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV LAUREL MD
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| The goal of this project is to develop a primer additive that mimics the self-healing ability of skin by forming a polymer scar across scratches. Designed to work with existing military grade primers, Polyfibroblast consists of microscopic, hollow zinc tubes filled with a moisture-cured polyurethane-urea (MCPU). When scratched, the foaming action of a propellant ejects the resin from the broken tubes and completely fills the crack. No catalysts or curing ... |
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| Rapid Stabilization/Polymerization of Wet Clay Soils; Literature Review |
15 Jan 2009 |
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| Authors:
Thomas L Brandon; Jonathan J Brown; W L Daniels; Thomas L DeFazio; George M Filz; James K Mitchell; Jared Musselman; Clinton Forsha; VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INST AND STATE UNIV BLACKSBURG DEPT OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
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| This report is written in response to a request from the Air Force Research Laboratory concerning research on rapid stabilization/polymerization of wet clay soils. The purpose of this report is to document the findings of a literature review (Phase I) carried out by the team assembled at Virginia Tech. The literature review covers approximately 200 papers, most of which deal with clay stabilization. This report contains the findings of this ... |
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| Single-Molecule Luminescence and High Efficiency Photovoltaic Cells Based on Percolated Conducting Carbon Nanotubes Scaffolds Templated with Light-Harvesting Conjugated Polymers and Nanohybrids |
14-Jan-2009 |
63 pages |
| Authors:
Arnold C Yang; NATIONAL TSING HUA UNIV HSINCHU (TAIWAN) DEPT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
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| This project describes the successful preparation of the novel photoelectric material poly(2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene)-grafted multiwall carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs) and some of this material's photoelectric properties. Nanocomposites constructed by surface-grafted multiwall carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with conjugated polymers dispersed in a polymer matrix were synthesized to form novel optoelectronic materials that exploit single-molecule effects. During the course of the execution of the proposal, research work was focused on three parts: 1. the synthesis work ... |
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| Self-Assembly of Symmetric Diblock Copolymers in Planar Slits With and Without Nanopatterns: Insight From Dissipative Particle Dynamics Simulations |
Jan-2009 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Martin Lisal; John K Brennan; Pavel Petrus; ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC PRAGUE
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| We present a dissipative particle dynamics simulation study on the formation of nanostructures of symmetric diblock copolymers confined between planar surfaces with and without nanopatterns. The nanopatterned surface is mimicked by alternating portions of the surface that interact differently with the diblock copolymers. The formation of the diblock-copolymer nanostructures confined between the planar surfaces is investigated and characterized by varying the separation width and the strength of the interaction between ... |
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| Layered Polymeric Optical Systems Using Continuous Coextrusion |
Jan 2009 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Hyunmin Song; Kenneth Singer; Yeheng Wu; Juefei Zhou; Joe Lott; James Andrews; Anne Hiltner; Eric Baer; Christoph Weder; Robert Bunch; Richard Lepkowicz; Guy Beadie; CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV CLEVELAND OH DEPT OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE
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| Polymers are receiving considerable attention as components in novel optical systems because of the tailored functionality, ease of manufacturing, and relatively low cost. The processing of layered polymeric systems by coextrusion is a method to produce films comprising hundreds to thousands of alternating layers in a single, one-step roll-to-roll process. Several layered polymer optical systems have been fabricated by coextrusion, including gradient refractive index lenses, tunable refractive index elastomers, photonic ... |
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| Evaluation of Rigid-Rod Polymeric Fibers by Post-Treatment in scC02 |
30-Dec-2008 |
37 pages |
| Authors:
Alan J Lesser; MASSACHUSETTS UNIV AMHERST DEPT OF POLYMER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
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| Poly-p-phenelenebenzobisoxazole (PBO, commercial name ZylonTM, Toyobo Co.)is one of the rigid-rod polymers which produces fiber with excellent mechanical properties. This polymer, originally developed by the U.S. Air Force to replace metals in space and aviation applications, is currently one of the more promising materials for fibers used in personnel ballistic armors. In this study we evaluate the degradation mechanisms of PBO fibers and investigate strategies to stabilize them using supercritical ... |
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| Improved Chem/Bio Protection Clothing for Military Personnel by Probing Nanoscale Structure in Block Copolymers |
23-Dec-2008 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Karen I Winey; PENNSYLVANIA UNIV PHILADELPHIA PA RESEARCH SERVICES
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| We report a systematic investigation of the morphology of sulfonated styrenic pentablock copolymer solutions and membranes obtained from Kraton Polymers LLC. The polymer studied was poly((t-butyl-styrene)-b-(ethylene-r-butylene)-b- (styrene-r-styrene sulfonate)-b-(ethylene-r-butylene)-b-(t-butyl-styrene)). Small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) revealed that the solutions exhibited micellar morphologies. The solution SAXS data was modeled using the Kinning-Thomas model to obtain radius of the micelle core, the radius of closest approach between two micelles and the number density of ... |
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| Mobility, Geochemistry, and Speciation of Tungsten |
Dec-2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
A J Bednar; W T Jones; R E Boyd; R A Kirgan; M A Chappell; J L Clausen; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS ENVIRONMENTAL LAB
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| Tungsten metal is used in many industrial, military, and consumer applications, and interest in its biogeochemistry is increasing partially due to its potential mobility and biological effects. Recent studies have investigated the geochemistry of tungsten from the laboratory to field scale, to determine its mobility and toxicity. Tungsten exists in most environmental matrices as the soluble and mobile tungstate anion, although polymerization to form poly- and heteropoly- tungstates has been ... |
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| Nanocomposite Fibers Based on Phase Separating Polymer Blends |
Dec-2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
S A Fossey; S Bosselman; B S DeCristofano; D Ziegler; C Drew; ARMY NATICK SOLDIER RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER MA
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| We have investigated phase separating immiscible polymer blends of a polymer melt and a polymer solution as a means to produce composites with features on a submicron length scale. A 2D cell dynamics code for modeling phase separation in a flow field has been modified to include features such as a boundary which favors one component and a flow profile for a power law fluid. The simulations indicate that the ... |
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| Ionic Liquids for Advanced Materials |
Dec-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Qiming Zhang; Yossef A Elabd; Garth L Wilkes; Donald J Leo; Louis A Madsen; Harry W Gibson; Randy Heflin; Sean M Ramirez; Timothy E Long; Karen I Winey; Nakhiah Goulbourne; Ralph Colby; VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INST AND STATE UNIV BLACKSBURG MACROMOLECULES AND INTERFACES INSTITUTE (MII)
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| Multidisciplinary research has served as the cornerstone of the first year ILEAD MURI programs leading to working collaborations among scientists and engineers with graduate student exchanges, real-time feedback, and multidisciplinary peer-reviewed publications. The MURI research team is organized according to interdisciplinary and integrative fundamental questions of science and engineering, and the grand challenges serve to assemble researchers from diverse disciplines. Unprecedented charged polymer compositions have been prepared with attention to ... |
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| Vertex-Group Effects in Entangled Polystyrene-Polyhedral Oligosilsesquioxane (POSS) Copolymers (Preprint) |
17-Nov-2008 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Jian Wu; Timothy S Haddad; Patrick T Mather; CONNECTICUT UNIV STORRS DEPT OF CHEMICALS, MATERIALS, AND BIOMOLECULAR ENGINEERING
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| The linear viscoelastic behavior of thermoplastic hybrid inorganic-organic polymers synthesized through radical copolymerization of styrene and styryl-based polyhedral oligosilsesquioxane (POSS), R7(Si8O12) (C6H4CH=CH2), with R = isobutyl (iBu), cyclopentyl (Cp) and cyclohexyl (Cy) were studied to reveal significant influence of the vertex group, R. The glass transition temperatures were found to feature a strong and complex POSS vertex group dependence, with iBu playing a plasticizer-like role and Cp & Cy enhancing ... |
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| Synthesis of New Organic Semiconducting Polymer Materials Having High Radiowave Absorption Rate |
Nov-2008 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Hakob A Matnishyan; UNESCO YEREVAN (ARMENIA) LIFE SCIENCES HIGHER EDUCATIONAL SCHOOL
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| In the present project for the first time the polyaniline, polydifenilamine, polycarbazole of the set structure (including functional groups) and morphology of nano-sized particles with the optimal radiowaves absorption rate was elaborated. From the obtained semiconducting polymers, elastic and flexible composite materials including nano-composites were developed. We find out that the silicon compositions and nano-sized compositions have the highest adsorption properties. We suggest that the development of these nano-sized compositions ... |
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| Theoretical and Numerical Investigation of Polymer-Particle Nanocomposites and their Effective Materials Properties |
Nov-2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Qi Wang; FLORIDA STATE UNIV TALLAHASSEE DEPT OF MATHEMATICS
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| Polymer paniculate nanocomposites (PNCs) have many industrial and military applications. They can achieve very high mechanical modulus and possess superior transport or barrier properties. The project aimed to study the mesoscopic structure formation during flow processing and the corresponding rheological consequence leading to characterization of material properties in solid states. Significant progress has been made to model the materials and to understand their rheological properties in melt or solution processing ... |
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| Viscoelastic Properties of Polymer Systems From Dissipative Particle Dynamics Simulations |
Nov-2008 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Jan Andzelm; John K Brennan; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| The U.S. Army has an increasing need for multifunctional polymers with specific viscoelastic properties. Such polymers are often present in nanocomposites, lubricants, or biomimetic gels that are used as tissue surrogate materials. Rational prediction of a polymer's viscoelastic properties necessitates the use of multiscale modeling since vastly different time and length scales have to be considered. In this study, we will apply the dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) method that is ... |
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| Foundations of Isomer Physics for Energy Applications |
16-Oct-2008 |
102 pages |
| Authors:
James J Carroll; YOUNGSTOWN STATE UNIV OH
|
| Metastable excited nuclear states, isomers, have been of strong interest for decades, with studies motivated by their physical properties and the promise of high-energy-density applications. Much research has concentrated on induced depletion processes as a potential means of controlling the release of energy stored in these isomers. This research comprises a very specialized sub-field of nuclear physics and, as such, has often suffered from a lack of connection with the ... |
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| Extremely Low Noise Carbon Nanotubes for Peltier and Photo-Detector Device Applications |
08-Oct-2008 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
Soo-Young Park; Hongkun Park; Young H Lee; Moon-Ho Jo; Ki-Bum Kim; Moon J Kim; Sungho Jin; SUNGKYUNK UNIV SUWON (SOUTH KOREA)
|
| The report contains final reports from four separate projects co-funded by AFOSR/AOARD and Korean MEST. The four projects were 1) High-Resolution, Larger-Area Nanoimprint Lithography Using Crystalline Lattice Images and Electron-Emitting Nanoprobes; 2) Extremely Low Noise Carbon Nanotubes for Peltier and Photo-detector Device Applications; 3) SiGe Alloy Nanowire Photonics; and 4) Self-Assembled Liquid Crystalline Gels: From Nanostructure to Function. |
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| Ultra-Sensitive Biological Detection via Nanoparticle-Based Magnetically Amplified Surface Plasmon Resonance (Mag-SPR) Techniques |
08-Oct-2008 |
61 pages |
| Authors:
Jinwoo Cheon; Jong Kim; H T Hahn; Donghoon Choi; Kunhong Lee; A P Alivisatos; A J Steckl; Sang-gi Lee; YONSEI UNIV SEOUL (REPUBLIC OF KOREA)
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| The report contains final reports from four separate projects co-funded by AFOSR/AOARD and Korean MEST. The four projects were (1) Ultra-Sensitive Biological Detection via Nanoparticle-Based Magnetically Amplified Surface Plasmon Resonance (Mag-SPR) Techniques; (2) Electronic, Photonic and Magnetic Properties of Natural and Modified DNA Complexes with Heavy Metals Ions; (3) Hierarchical Carbon Fiber Composites; and (4) Distributed Detection of Attacks/Intrusions and Prevention of Resource-Starvation Attacks in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. |
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| Generating Graphene Nanosheet Electrodes for Electroanalysis and Fuel Cells |
08-Oct-2008 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Changming Li; Shu-Juan Bao; Chun-Xian Guo; Jun Guo; Fengping Hu; NANYANG TECHNOLOGICAL UNIV (SINGAPORE)
|
| This report covers development of carbon layers for electronic devices. It consists of two main chapters. The first is titled "Novel Mesoporous Carbon and Its Direct Electrochemistry Based Biosensor." The second is tilted "Mesoporous Organic Polymer-Carbon Nanocomposites for High Enzymatic Glucose/02 Fuel Cells." |
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| Polar-Nonpolar Radical Copolymerization under Li+ Catalysis |
21-Sep-2008 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Josef Michl; COLORADO UNIV AT BOULDER OFFICE OF CONTRACTS AND GRANTS
|
| Lithium cation catalyzed radical copolymerization of isobutylene with ethyl acrylate has been examined. Up to 30% of isobutylene is incorporated at 1 atm pressure, and molecular weights up to a million have been observed. |
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| Durability Testing of Polymer D Material |
16-Sep-2008 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Matthew Tillman; William Koegel; Michael Bosak; David J Barrett; NAVAL AIR WARFARE CENTER AIRCRAFT DIV PATUXENT RIVER MD
|
| Viscoelastic damping materials are used to control resonant vibrations in mechanical and structural systems. Before these materials can be applied to a naval air application, they must demonstrate an ability to survive the aggressive marine environment. This report documents the results of a laboratory investigation into the durability of the Polymer D damping material. In general, Polymer D was found to have adequate durability as long as it is shielded ... |
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| Stabilization of Proteins by Polymer Conjugation via ATRP |
31-Aug-2008 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Jason Berberich; Lance Mabus; Virginia Depp; Bhalchandra Lele; AGENTASE LLC PITTSBURGH PA
|
| US Army Research Office has funded this 2-year basic research effort by ICx-Agentase to study new techniques of modifying native enzymes with polymers via atom transfer radical polymerization to increase their solubility and utility in organic solvents and to increase their stability in body. Protein-initiated ATRP would enable us to overcome many problems in conventional technology that modifies proteins with polyethylene glycol or pegylation. These problems include lack of control ... |
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| Phononics and Micromechanics of Bio-Colloidal Wiseana Iridovirus |
Aug-2008 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Sangwook Sihn; Huiming Xiong; Ryan D Hartschuh; Stephen P Wargacki; Johnathan Neiswinger; Alexander Kisliuk; Vernon K Ward; Richard A Vaia; Alexei P Sokolov; AKRON UNIV OH INST OF POLYMER SCIENCE
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| By using Brillouin Light Scattering (BLS), we have investigated phononic properties of Wiseana iridovirus (WIV) assemblies and dispersed individual viruses at hypersonic frequency window. Propagating modes in virus assemblies and localized vibrational eigenmodes of individual virus have been identified. Based on phonon spectra, Young's modulus of the virus has been estimated to be 7 GPa, suggesting that the WIV virions are mechanically more similar to their DNA cores than to ... |
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| Fidelity Mechanisms of DNA Polymerase Alpha |
23-Jul-2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Robert D Kuchta; COLORADO UNIV AT BOULDER OFFICE OF CONTRACTS AND GRANTS
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| We have examined the mechanism by which DNA polymerase alpha discriminates between right and wrong dNTPs. With purine dNTPs, the enzyme uses a combination of positive and negative selectivity. The Watson-Crick hydrogen bonding groups at N-1 and C-6 enhance correct incorporation, whereas the electron density at N-1 and N-3 prevent misincorporation. For correct purine dNTPs, the electron density of N-3 is not essential. The exocyclic N-2 amino group of dGTP ... |
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| Molecular Design of Sulfonated Triblock Copolymer Permselective Membranes |
03-Jul-2008 |
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| Authors:
Aleksey Vishnyakov; Alexander V Neimark; RUTGERS - THE STATE UNIV PISCATAWAY NJ DEPT OF CHEMICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING
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| Search for novel polymeric electrolyte membranes (PEM) suitable as permselective diffusion barriers is one of the key problems in engineering new protective materials. The goal of the project was to get a better understanding of the physical and chemical factors governing sorption and permeability of phosphoorganic agents in PEM made of sulfonated triblock copolymers of styrene and lower olefins by means of multiscale molecular simulations. These materials are of special ... |
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| The Effect of Atomic Oxygen on POSS-Polyimides (Preprint) |
01-May-2008 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Sandra J Tomczak; Michael E Wright; Andrew J Guenthner; Brian J Petteys; Timothy K Minton; Amy Brunsvold; Vandana Vij; Laura M McGrath; Joseph M Mabry; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION MATERIALS APPLICATIONS BRANCH
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| Kapton(Registered) is ubiquitous in space-structures, yet degrades severely in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) due to reactions with atomic oxygen (AO). Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) is a cage-like structure of silicon and oxygen, surrounded by organic groups. Both main-chain (MC) and side-chain (SC) POSS-diamines have been polymerized to form POSS-Kapton-polyimides (POSS-Kapton-PIs) which have comparable resistance to AO. POSS-copolymers form an AO-resistant silica layer upon exposure to AO, which has been identified ... |
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| Space Survivability of Main-Chain and Side-Chain POSS-Kapton Polyimides |
01-May-2008 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Vandana Vij; Amy L Brunsvold; Brian J Pettys; Joseph M Mabry; Laura M McGrath; Timothy K Minton; Andrew J Guenthner; Michael E Wright; Sandra J Tomczak; Casey Knight; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
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| Kapton polyimide (PI) is extensively used in solar arrays, spacecraft thermal blankets, and space inflatable structures. Upon exposure to atomic oxygen (AO) in low Earth orbit (LEO), Kapton is severely degraded. An effective approach to prevent this erosion is chemically bonding polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) into the polyimide matrix by copolymerization of POSS-diamine with the polyimide monomers. POSS is a silicon and oxygen cage-like structure surrounded by organic groups and ... |
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| Fundamental Investigations of Durability at a Polymer Electrolyte-Electrode Interface |
Apr-2008 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Sanjeev Mukerjee; NORTHEASTERN UNIV BOSTON MA DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
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| The overall objectives of this proposed effort was to further our fundamental understanding of degradation pathways at a polymer electrolyte-electrode interface. Towards this goal the key thrust areas proposed in this project were: (1) Understanding the role of peroxide lead free radical attack on the polymer electrolyte at the interface with both anode and cathode electrodes using a specially designed PEM cell enabling accelerated degradation conditions simulating practical H2/Air PEM ... |
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Polymer Chemistry
