| Next Generation Highly Conducting Organic Films Using Novel Donor-Acceptor Molecules for Opto-Electronic Applications |
Jun-2009 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Eric Forsythe; Jianmin Shi; David Morton; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD SENSORS AND ELECTRON DEVICES DIRECTORATE
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 | This two-year DRI is intended to address the Army's need for two-dimensional, conformal, large-area electronics by developing techniques that will lead to the printing of conducting organic materials as a primary build-block that will enable such low-cost, large area applications. In the first year, we worked on developing novel organic based molecules using the donor-acceptor design concepts and developing a more fundamental understanding of donor acceptor molecule stacking in order ... |
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| Environmentally Friendly Cleaners for Removing Tar from Metal Surfaces |
Apr-2009 |
99 pages |
| Authors:
Wayne Ziegler; Joyce C Baird; Veera M Boddu; Pam Khabra; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER CHAMPAIGN IL CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB
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| As part of its mission, the Sustainable Painting Operations for the Total Army (SPOTA) working group evaluated solvents that will not impact the environment while cleaning armament equipment, in particular ground vehicles. ERDC-CERL researchers, in support of the SPOTA program, were tasked with conducting a preliminary study and develop a methodology to evaluate environmentally friendly cleaners that would be effective in cleaning road tar on military vehicles. The study involved ... |
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| A New Paradigm in Modeling and Simulations of Complex Oxidation Chemistry Using a Statistical Approach |
31-Mar-2009 |
66 pages |
| Authors:
Josette Bellan; CALIFORNIA INST OF TECH PASADENA
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| This report describes a study performed under ARO sponsorship, addressing the investigation of a novel way to reduce complex and extensive oxidation reaction mechanisms containing hundreds of species to a much smaller number of progress variables, typically by a factor of ten. Because the results have been documented in several manuscripts, this final report is in the form of an Executive Summary succinctly describing the results and putting them in ... |
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| Chelating Polymers and Environmental Remediation |
Mar-2009 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Nicole E Zander; DYNAMIC SCIENCE INC PHOENIX AZ
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| Although there are many approaches to clean up wastewater and soil contaminated with heavy metals and other industrial pollutants, remediation with chelating polymers is one of the most versatile and inexpensive methods. The polymer ligand's efficiency and selectivity for particular metal ions are two important parameters that can be controlled by ligand type, ligand density, solubility of the polymer, as well as operating pH. An overview of remediating polymers and ... |
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| Investigation on the Solubility of GaN in Supercritical Ammonia Containing Acidic, Neutral, and Some Basic Mineralizers |
19-Feb-2009 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Dirk Ehrentraut; TOHOKU UNIV SENDAI (JAPAN)
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| The ammonothermal growth technique to fabricate large size (2 inch) gallium nitride (GaN) crystals has recently seen increased interest due to the achievements in the technique published over the last 2-3 years. The first ever 2 inch GaN bulk crystal, to be reported in the April 2009 issue of MRS Bulletin, holds the great promise that ammonothermally produced GaN may become an important GaN substrate material due to the superior ... |
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| The Oxidation of a Gasoline Surrogate in the Negative Temperature Coefficient Region |
12-Feb-2009 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
David B Lenhert; David L Miller; Nicholas P Cernansky; Kevin G Owens; DREXEL UNIV PHILADELPHIA PA DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AND MECHANICS
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| This experimental study investigated the preignition reactivity behavior of a gasoline surrogate in a pressurized flow reactor over the low and intermediate temperature regime (600-800 K) at elevated pressure (8 atm). The surrogate mixture, a volumetric blend of 4.6% 1-pentene, 31.8% toluene, 14.0% n-heptane, and 49.6% 2,2,4-trimethyl-pentane (iso-octane), was shown to reproduce the low and intermediate temperature reactivity of full boiling range fuels in a previous study. Each of the ... |
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| Programmatic Summary: Self-Regulating, Self-Pressurizing Tubules for Integrated Circulatory Systems |
Feb-2009 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
P J Costanzo; P T Dirlam; J A Orlicki; G Palmese; E D Wetzel; DREXEL UNIV PHILADELPHIA PA DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
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| In this Director's Research Initiative (DRI) effort, we have developed surface treatments with cleavable Diels-Alder bonds that allow for a transition between wetting and non-wetting conditions via a combination of thermal and chemical treatments. These treatments are applied internally to glass capillaries to demonstrate the applicability of the technique for regulating flow in synthetic vascular systems. This report is a programmatic summary and will be supplemented by a complete technical ... |
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| Genesis of Infrared Decoy Flares: The Early Years from 1950 into the 1970s. First Edition |
26-Jan-2009 |
186 pages |
| Authors:
Bernard E Douda; NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CENTER CRANE DIV IN
|
| The evolution of decoy flares did not follow a direct or pre-planned path. Instead, the development was influenced by many factors and requirements existing at the time. One of the most important of these is that the Naval Ordnance Test Station (NOTS), Inyokern China Lake, California had an assigned mission to develop rockets and missiles. This mission became the basis for the requirement that drove flare developments. Fortunately there were ... |
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| Development of a Mouse Model for Prostate Cancer Imaging and Study of Disease Progression |
Jan-2009 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Isla Garraway; CALIFORNIA UNIV LOS ANGELES
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| Prostate carcinogenesis is a multi-step process resulting in the transformation of prostatic epithelial cells into invasive carcinoma and metastasis. In recent years, mouse models have emerged that recapitulate salient features of prostate carcinogenesis found in human disease. These models illuminate the molecular events that result in transformation and disease progression. In addition, mouse models can be used to identify molecular targets and test chemotherapeutic agents that may alter the course ... |
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| A Probabilistic Risk Assessment for Deployed Military Personnel After the Implementation of the Leishmaniasis Control Program at Tallil Air Base, Iraq |
Jan-2009 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Schleier; Jerome J III; Robert K Peterson; Paula A Macedo; Ryan S Davis; Loren M Barber; MONTANA STATE UNIV BOZEMAN DEPT OF LAND RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
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| Leishmaniasis has been of concern to the U.S. military and has re-emerged in importance because of recent deployments to the Middle East. We conducted a retrospective probabilistic risk assessment for military personnel potentially exposed to insecticides during the Leishmaniasis Control Plan (LCP) undertaken in 2003 at Tallil Air Base, Iraq. We estimated acute and subchronic risks from resmethrin, malathion, piperonyl butoxide (PBO), and pyrethrins applied using a truckmounted ultra-low-volume (ULV) ... |
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| Quantifying In Situ Metal and Organic Contaminant Mobility in Marine Sediments |
Jan-2009 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen Lieberman; Bart Chadwick; ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY TECHNOLOGY CERTIFICATION PROGRAM OFFICE (DOD) ARLINGTON VA
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| Contaminants enter shallow coastal waters from many sources, including ships, shoreside facilities, municipal outfalls, spills, and nonpoint source runoff. Sediments are typically considered a primary sink for these contaminants. Sediments in many bays, harbors, and coastal waters used by the Department of Defense (DoD) are contaminated with potentially harmful metal and organic compounds. DoD is required by the Comprehensive Environmental Resource Conservation and Liability Act (CERCLA), as amended by the ... |
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| Synthesis, Morphological and Electrical Characterization of Solution Processable Low Bandgap Organic Materials |
05-Dec-2008 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Zhenan Bao; STANFORD UNIV CA DEPT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
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| The objectives of this research was to develop the chemistry for the synthesis of a new class of pentacene and tetracene containing polymers and oligomers. These materials were designed to have low bandgap and high charge carrier mobility. The general synthetic routes were developed for this class of materials. The synthesized new molecules and polymers were used for structural property relation studies to understand the effect of molecular structure on ... |
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| Ultra-Sensitive Biological Detection via Nanoparticle-Based Magnetically Amplified Surface Plasmon Resonance (Mag-SPR) Techniques |
08-Oct-2008 |
61 pages |
| Authors:
Jinwoo Cheon; Jong Kim; H T Hahn; Donghoon Choi; Kunhong Lee; A P Alivisatos; A J Steckl; Sang-gi Lee; YONSEI UNIV SEOUL (REPUBLIC OF KOREA)
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| The report contains final reports from four separate projects co-funded by AFOSR/AOARD and Korean MEST. The four projects were (1) Ultra-Sensitive Biological Detection via Nanoparticle-Based Magnetically Amplified Surface Plasmon Resonance (Mag-SPR) Techniques; (2) Electronic, Photonic and Magnetic Properties of Natural and Modified DNA Complexes with Heavy Metals Ions; (3) Hierarchical Carbon Fiber Composites; and (4) Distributed Detection of Attacks/Intrusions and Prevention of Resource-Starvation Attacks in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. |
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| Generating Graphene Nanosheet Electrodes for Electroanalysis and Fuel Cells |
08-Oct-2008 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Changming Li; Shu-Juan Bao; Chun-Xian Guo; Jun Guo; Fengping Hu; NANYANG TECHNOLOGICAL UNIV (SINGAPORE)
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| This report covers development of carbon layers for electronic devices. It consists of two main chapters. The first is titled "Novel Mesoporous Carbon and Its Direct Electrochemistry Based Biosensor." The second is tilted "Mesoporous Organic Polymer-Carbon Nanocomposites for High Enzymatic Glucose/02 Fuel Cells." |
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| DNA Methylation as an Epigenetic Factor in the Development and Progression of Polycythemia Vera |
Oct-2008 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Jean-Pierre Issa; M D ANDERSON CANCER CENTER HOUSTON TX
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| Polycythemia vera (PV) is the most common myeloproliferative disorder with a yearly incidence of 28 per 1 million people and a slightly higher prevalence in males. PV is characterized by clonal expansion of erythroid, myelomonocytic, and megakaryocytic lineages, erythrocytosis being the most prominent clinical manifestation of PV. The disease is associated with a significant morbidity and mortality, including thrombotic and/or hemorrhagic events, and a risk of an evolution into myelofibrosis ... |
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| Hydrophobic Silsesquioxane Nanoparticles and Nanocomposite Surfaces |
23-Sep-2008 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Darrell Marchant; Ashwani Vij; Isha Vij; Scott Iacono; Joseph M Mabry; Brent D Viers; Wade W Grabow; Patrick N Ruth; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
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| Fluorinated Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes are hydrophobic nanoparticles. One compound, FD8T8, is ultrahydrophobic, possessing a water contact angle of 154-deg. This is believed to be the most hydrophobic and lowest surface tension crystalline substance known. Analysis of the x-ray crystal structure indicates a large number of Si-deg F contacts may lead to ultrahydrophobicity. |
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| Terahertz Plasmon-Induced Conductance Effects in Semiconductor Heterostructures |
05-Sep-2008 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Robert E Peale; UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL FLORIDA ORLANDO
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| Experimental investigation of the coupling of free space radiation to surface plasmons by silver or Pd2Si gratings was performed for different grating profiles at CO2 laser wavelengths. Comparison of the results with the theory of Hessel and Liner 1965 and of Wheeler, Arakawa, and Ritchie 1976 suggests that the former gives the more accurate description in the long-wave IR. For that theory, the comparison gives an empirical non-linear relation between ... |
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| Diamond-Like and Self-Assembling Organic Nanostructures: Measurement and Simulation of Intermolecular Interactions and Structural Characteristics |
Sep-2008 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Guoping Zhang; Thomas F George; Lahsen Assoufid; G A Mansoori; MISSOURI UNIV-ST LOUIS
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| Our experimental and theoretical objectives have focused on adamantane, the first diamondoid. This compound gives us substantial detailed information about the interaction between carbon-carbon, carbon-hydrogen, and hydrogen-hydrogen atoms. This has provided a first test case for the theoretical teams at the University of Missouri-St. Louis and Indiana State University to accurately measure and compute the electronic structure and mechanical properties. The results have been compared with the existing model potentials, ... |
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| Computational Modeling of Light Induced Transformations in Organic Molecule |
31-Aug-2008 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Boris Gelmont; Raphael Moon; VIRGINIA UNIV CHARLOTTESVILLE OFFICE OF SPONSORED PROGRAMS
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| The goal of this research is to investigate theoretically and experimentally the feasibility of a new Multi-State Spectral Sensing (MS3) concept where bio-signature information can be collected from multiple metastable conformations for enhanced sensing in the THz region. Several geometric isomeric molecular systems have been investigated including 2-butenes, retinals, and stilbenes, in order to (1) study THz spectra of different molecular conformation; (2) illustrate a basic procedure through which optical ... |
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| Bacterial Chemotaxis to Naphthalene and Nitroarene Compounds |
31-Jul-2008 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Rebecca E Parales; Piper Wood; Christine Rabinovitch; Juanito V Parales; CALIFORNIA UNIV DAVIS
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| Bacteria that can both degrade and sense pollutants using chemotaxis may be more efficient in biodegradation. Ralstonia sp. U2 mineralizes naphthalene, and Acidovorax sp. JS42 utilizes the man-made compound 2-nitrotoluene (2NT). Capillary assays were performed with wild-type and catabolic and regulatory mutants of these strains. The results showed that wild-type Ralstonia sp. U2 is chemotactic to naphthalene, the chemotactic response is induced when cells are grown with naphthalene, and insertional ... |
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| Destruction Chemistry of Mustard Simulants |
04-Jul-2008 |
37 pages |
| Authors:
J W Bozzelli; F C Gouldin; E M Fisher; CORNELL UNIV ITHACA NY OFFICE OF SPONSORED PROGRAMS
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| This study investigates the destruction chemistry of organosulfur compounds under both pyrolytic and oxidative conditions. We focus on the destruction of alkyl sulfides that are surrogates for chemical warfare agents H, HD, and HT. We report our work on developing thermochemistry, reaction pathways and kinetic parameters for multiple chemical subsystems, using computational chemistry methods. We also report our experimental results from flow reactor experiments for pyrolysis and oxidation of two ... |
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| Recovery of [CO2]T from Aqueous Bicarbonate using a Gas Permeable Membrane |
25-Jun-2008 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Heather D Willauer; Dennis R Hardy; M K Lewis; Ejiogu C Ndubizu; Frederick W Williams; NAVY TECHNOLOGY CENTER FOR SAFETY AND SURVIVABILITY WASHINGTON DC
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| Celgard 2400 gas permeable membranes were in contact with a model sodium bicarbonate solution on a closed system at elevated water pressures. When gaseous carbon dioxide was removed from the water by diffusion through the membrane, the bicarbonate disproportionated to carbon dioxide and carbonate. The carbon dioxide permeance rate and effect of ionic strength on disproportionation is reported. |
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| Conformational Changes in Small Ligands Upon Tetanus Toxin Binding |
01-Jun-2008 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Terry J Henderson; Rossitza K Gitti; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY DIR
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| To understand the processes associated with small synthetic ligands binding large protein surfaces, NMR spectroscopy was used to examine the conformational changes in doxorubicin and lavendustin A upon binding to tetanus toxin. C13 T1 measurements suggested that to a first approximation, the conformational behavior of doxorubicin in solution appears to be a composite of a rigid aromatic ring system, ring librations for its cyclohexane and carbohydrate rings, and segmental motions ... |
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| Crosstalk Between Cancer Cells and Bones Via the Hedgehog Pathway Determines Bone Metastasis of Breast Cancer |
01-Jun-2008 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Lalita Shevde-Samant; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA MOBILE
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| The Hh pathway has been extensively studied in development and recently has also been shown to be activated in a variety of cancer types thus making it a putative therapeutic target. Our preliminary data indicated that OPN is a transcriptional target of Gli1 = Gli1 is a transcription factor of the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway. Research in our laboratory indicates that OPN is under direct control of the Hh pathway as ... |
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| Preignition Chemistry of Xylenes and Their Effect on JP-8 Surrogates |
Jun-2008 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
David L Miller; Nicholas P Cernansky; DREXEL UNIV PHILADELPHIA PA DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AND MECHANICS
|
| A research program to study the oxidation chemistry of xylenes at high pressures has been conducted at Drexel University. The current program was initiated in August 2007 through an STIR grant from the Army Research Office (Grant No. W9111NF-07-1-0522, Proposal No. 53267-EG-II) and was completed in May 2008. The objectives of this project were to determine the relative reactivity of the xylene isomers at preignition and autoignition conditions, to study ... |
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| Synthesis and Bioassay of Improved Mosquito Repellents Predicted From Chemical Structure |
27-May-2008 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
ZUOQUAN WANG; C D Hall; Novruz G Akhmedov; Dimitar Dobchev; Maia Tsikolia; Svetoslav Slavov; Alan R Katritzky; Gary G Clark; Kenneth J Linthicum; Ulrich R Bernier; FLORIDA UNIV GAINESVILLE DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
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| Mosquito repellency data on acylpiperidines derived from the U.S. Department of Agriculture archives were modeled by using molecular descriptors calculated by CODESSA PRO software. An artificial neural network model was developed for the correlation of these archival results and used to predict the repellent activity of novel compounds of similar structures. A series of 34 promising N-acylpiperidine mosquito repellent candidates (4a-4q') were synthesized by reactions of acylbenzotriazoles 2a-2p with piperidines ... |
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| Stereocontrolled Additions to a Rigid Bicyclo [3.3.0] Octane Ring System |
05-May-2008 |
108 pages |
| Authors:
John B Moore; NAVAL ACADEMY ANNAPOLIS MD DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
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| Organisms in nature often produce complicated molecules difficult to synthesize in the laboratory. Dolabellanes have demonstrated significant anti-tumor capability but are found principally in marine species inhabiting sensitive ecosystems. Interest in their synthesis is high. These compounds contain a multi-functionalized eleven-membered ring fused to a cyclopentane ring bearing three stereocenters. This project investigated means of introducing stereocenters relevant to dolabellanes to simplify their ultimate synthesis. The project has postulated employing ... |
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| Serum Genetic Markers as Surrogates of Prostate Cancer Progression |
01-Apr-2008 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Dave S Hoon; JOHN WAYNE INST FOR CANCER TREATMENT AND RESEARCH SANTA MONICA CA
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| As proposed, we have successfully established assays to detect free tumor-related DNA marker(s) in serum of prostate cancer (PCa) patients and studied the potential use of the biomarker detection as surrogate genetic markers in monitoring PCa patients. Despite slight delay in the beginning, the program has moved expediently over the years from assay development and optimization to subject sample accrual and assessment. DNA markers involving allelic instability (Al; 6 markers) ... |
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| Comparative Kinetics and Distribution to Target Tissues of Organophosphates Using Physiologically - Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling |
01-Mar-2008 |
214 pages |
| Authors:
Rick E Vermillion; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
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| A physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model has been developed to examine the effects of organophosphates on the levels of acetylcholine in different tissues throughout the mammalian body. Many organophosphate-like chemical and kinetic characteristics are tested without reference to a specific chemical. Characteristics include partition coefficients, metabolic constants, the inhibition coefficient, the aging rate, and the regeneration rate. Two separate exposure scenarios are tested and compared against a baseline. The baseline consists of ... |
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| Radon-222 as Natural Tracer for Monitoring the Remediation of NAPL Contamination in the Subsurface |
Mar-2008 |
72 pages |
| Authors:
Lewis Semprini; Jack Istok; OREGON STATE UNIV CORVALLIS DEPT OF CIVIL CONSTRUCTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
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| Nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPL), including chlorinated solvents, aromatic hydrocarbons, and other volatile organic compounds (VOC), are common contaminants at Department of Defense (DoD) and other federal and non-federal sites. Residual or pooled NAPL contamination provides a long-term source of contamination as it slowly dissolves into groundwater. A major obstacle preventing cost-effective soil and groundwater cleanup at many DoD sites is the current inability to accurately and inexpensively locate and quantify ... |
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| PCBs Alter Dopamine Mediated Function in Aging Workers |
01-Jan-2008 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Richard F Seegal; HEALTH RESEARCH INC RENSSELAER NY
|
| The major hypothesis is that prior occupational exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) results in decrements in neuropsychological and neurological performance and the number of dopamine (DA) terminals in the basal ganglia determined by -CIT SPECT imaging. At the conclusion of data collection 241 former capacitor workers have completed neuropsychological and neurological examinations, a comprehensive questionnaire, a blood draw to measure serum PCB and thyroid hormone concentrations, and a non-invasive test ... |
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| Tandem Reduction/Cyclization of O-Nitrophenyl Propargyl Alcohols-A Novel Synthesis of 2- & 2,4-Disubstituted Quinolines and Application to the Synthesis of Streptonigrin |
01-Jan-2008 |
197 pages |
| Authors:
Matthew J Sandelier; MARYLAND UNIV COLLEGE PARK
|
| The quinoline ring system is a common structural component of a wide variety of natural products with highly desirable biological activity, including antimalarial agents such as quinine, chloroquine and mefloquine, as well as antitumor agents such as dynemicin A, luotonin A, and camptothecin. The synthesis of the highly effective, yet prohibitively toxic, antitumor antibiotic streptonigrin is targeted in this research. A concise, convergent synthesis of this antitumor agent will pave ... |
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| Energetic Ionic Liquids Based on Lanthanide Nitrate Complex Anions (Postprint) |
Jan-2008 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Jerry A Boatz; Guo-Hong Tao; Yangen Huang; Jean'ne M Shreeve; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EDWARDS AFB CA PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
| Energetic ionic liquids based on anionic rare earth nitrate complexes, Cat+3[Ln(NO3)6](3-), where Cat+ is guanidinium, 4-amino-triazolium, 1-methyl-4-amino-triazolium, 1-ethyl-4-aminotriazolium, 1-butyl-4-amino-triazolium, 1,5-diamino-tetrazolium, and 1,5-diamino-4-methyltetrazolium, were prepared. The hexanitrato lanthanum (cerium) salts with the latter two cations are the first CO-balanced energetic ionic liquids that are hydrolytically and air stable with impact sensitivities of 27 J. For environmental considerations, these ionic liquids were obtained by a simple method using nitrate-containing precursors. All salts ... |
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| Reactions of VX, GD and HD With Nanotubular Titania |
Jan-2008 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Yue Wu; George W Wagner; Qiang Chen; NORTH CAROLINA UNIV AT CHAPEL HILL
|
| Reactions of VX [O-ethyl-S-(2-diisopropylethylamino)ethyl methylphosphonothioate], GD (pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate), and HD [bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide] have been examined with nanotubular titania (NTT) using 31P and 13C MAS NMR. All three agents hydrolyze on NTT with the reaction of VX being notably fast (t1/2 30 min), approaching the rate achievable with liquid decontaminants. 31P MAS NMR reveals that VX is adsorbed within the NTT tubules and/or its titania layers, perhaps providing optimum conditions for ... |
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| Elimination of Redwater Formation from TNT Manufacture |
21-Dec-2007 |
128 pages |
| Authors:
Ross W Millar; Anthony W Arber; Javid Hamid; Robert M Endsor; QINETIQ LTD FARNBOROUGH (UNITED KINGDOM)
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| The US Department of Defense requires an environmentally benign synthesis route for the manufacture of military grade trinitrotoluene (TNT) which eliminates the production of redwater arising from the sulfiting process for removing unsymmetrical trinitrotoluene isomers. QinetiQ has found that by using a novel nitrating system, N2O5 in dichloromethane, the proportion of meta-substituted nitrotoluenes can be reduced to 1.3-1.5%, instead of the 4-5% levels in current processes. Additional improvements have been ... |
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| Tribochemistry of Multiply-Alkylated Cyclopentane Oils on DLC-Coated Thrust Bearings |
15 NOV 2007 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey R. Lince; Patricia A. Bertrand; AEROSPACE CORP EL SEGUNDO CA ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY GROUP
|
| In contrast to typical DLC coatings, hydrogenated DLC (H-DLC) coatings exhibit extremely low friction in vacuum and dry atmospheres, suggesting their potential importance for spacecraft applications. We have conducted a study of H-DLC-coated steel thrust bearings, lubricated with a multiply-alkylated cyclopentane oil, either unformulated, or formulated with lead naphthenate or an aryl phosphate ester mixture. Data on uncoated steel thrust bearings were obtained for comparison. The surface chemistry of the ... |
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| NMR Identification and MS Conformation of the Scopolamine Neurotoxin |
NOV 2007 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
Terry J. Henderson; David B. Cullinan; Jonathan M. Oyler; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| An unidentified white powder collected as evidence in an intelligence investigation was characterized exclusively by NMR analysis. A small fraction of the powder dissolved in D2O was subjected to quantitative 1H and 13C{1H} experiments and a series of two-dimensional correlation techniques, including 1H-1H COSY and NOESY as well as 1H-(exp 13)C HSQC and HMBC spectroscopy. These were used to elucidate the molecular structure of the powder's major component and positively ... |
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| Dual Mechanism Nonlinear Response of Selected Metal Organic Chromophores |
01 OCT 2007 |
146 pages |
| Authors:
John D. Peak; FLORIDA UNIV GAINESVILLE
|
| 13 The goal for the research described herein is the development of a series of transition metal based metal organic chromophores that display both two-photon and excited state absorption (TPA/ESA) character. With this goal in mind, we present the preparation and photophysical characterization for a series of metal-organic chromophores containing a two photon absorbing bipyridine core combined with a transition metal component which yields a long-lived triplet excited state. The ... |
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| Viscoelastic Characterization of Aliphatic Polyurethane Interlayers |
OCT 2007 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Neil MacAloney; Andres Bujanda; Robert Jensen; Nakhiah Goulbourne; VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INST AND STATE UNIV BLACKSBURG
|
| The viscoelastic properties of several commercially available aliphatic thermoplastic polyurethanes were characterized. Differential scanning calorimetry showed that for Deerfield 4700, Inter Materials IM 800, IM 800A, IM 1600, and IM 2500, there is a permanent physical change that occurs during heating. Dynamic mechanical analysis and shear rheometry were used to generate elastic and shear modulus master curves in the frequency domain for Inter Materials IM 800 A. The Williams-Landel-Ferry constants ... |
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| Characterization of Hybrid Devices Based on Molecular Solid/Oxide Semiconductor Hetero-Structures |
19 SEP 2007 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Changyoung Kim; YONSEI UNIV SEOUL (REPUBLIC OF KOREA)
|
| The work covered development of a semiconductor hetero-structures growth chamber to the existing photoemission chamber to characterize hybrid devices based on molecular solid/oxide structures. The work also investigated on developing optimum growth conditions for the desired Fermi level and work functions for different heterostructures. |
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| Physical and Chemical Processes in Flames |
SEP 2007 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Chung K. Law; PRINCETON UNIV NJ DEPT OF MECHANICAL AND AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
|
| The objective of the present program was to study the structure and response of laminar premixed and nonpremixed flames with emphases on effects of high pressure, flame/flow unsteadiness, and chemistry. Studies on flame dynamics show strong coupling between the intrinsic flamefront hydrodynamic cellular instabilities and the diffusional/thermal cellular or pulsating instabilities, for mixture Lewis numbers that are respectively smaller or larger than unity. Linear and nonlinear stability analyses on diffusion ... |
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| Pre-Construction Biogeochemical Analysis of Mercury in Wetlands Bordering the Hamilton Army Airfield (HAAF) Wetlands Restoration Site. Part 2 |
SEP 2007 |
222 pages |
| Authors:
Elly P. Best; Herbert L. Fredrickson; Holger Hintelmann; Olivier Clarisse; Brian Dimock; Charles H. Lutz; Gui R. Lotufo; Rod N. Millward; Anthony J. Bednar; John S. Furey; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS ENVIRONMENTAL LAB
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| With funding from the Long Term Management Strategy team, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) is working with the San Francisco Basin Regional Water Board, California State Coastal Conservancy, and San Francisco Bay Conservation and Development Commission to reconstruct wetlands at the former Hamilton Army Airfield (HAAF) on San Pablo Bay. This 203-ha site will provide tidal habitat to endangered species such as the clapper rail and the saltmarsh ... |
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| New Outlook on the High-Pressure Behavior of Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate |
SEP 2007 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Jennifer A. Ciezak; Timothy A. Jenkins; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD WEAPONS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH DIRECTORATE
|
| To gain insight into the high-pressure behavior of pentaerythritol tetranitrate (C(CH2ONO2)4), single crystal Raman spectroscopy results were obtained for hydrostatic/quasi-hydrostatic and non-hydrostatic compression in a diamond anvil cell. Detailed analyses of the pressure-induced changes in the single-crystal/neon hydrostatic media revealed the splitting of several vibrational modes and many intensity fluctuations, which provide strong evidence for a pressure-induced symmetry modification from S4 to D2 rather than a high-pressure phase transition. Near ... |
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| Research and Development of Coated Conductors Using Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition |
SEP 2007 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
V. Selvamanickam; SUPERPOWER INC SCHENECTADY NY
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| This is a new 3-year program to build on the success of the previously funded AFOST Contract FA9550-04-C-0020. In the last year of this program, we made major progress in both objectives of the program. We fabricated films of different thickness by our standard MOCVD processes and worked with our collaborators (ORNL, LANL, FSU,) to understand the microstructural reasons for the Ic performance using a variety of advanced characterization tools. ... |
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| Quantitating the Absorption, Partitioning and Toxicity of Hydrocarbon Components of JP-8 Jet Fuel |
24 AUG 2007 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Jim E. Riviere; Nancy A. Monteiro-Riviere; Ronald E. Baynes; Xin-Rui Xia; NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIV AT RALEIGH SCHOOL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE
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| The focus of this research project was to characterize the nature of JP-8 toxicity to the skin and continue development of an in vitro model system, membrane coated fiber (MCEG) array, for assessing physiochemical parameters related to hydrocarbon partitioning and absorption through skin. In vitro studies with human epidermal keratinocytes demonstrated that inhibition of the NF-kB pathway with blockers confirms its role in cytokine production in jet fuel and hydrocarbon ... |
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| Evaluation of the Snap Sampler for Sampling Ground Water Monitoring Wells for VOCs and Explosives |
AUG 2007 |
68 pages |
| Authors:
Louise V. Parker; Nathan D. Mulherin; ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER HANOVER NH COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB
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| A series of laboratory and field studies were conducted to determine the ability of the Snap Sampler to recover representative concentrations of VOC and explosives in ground water. For the laboratory studies, statistical analyses of the data (for each analyte) were conducted to determine if the concentrations of analytes in samples taken with the Snap Sampler were significantly different from known concentrations of the analytes in samples collected from a ... |
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| Postmortem Ethanol Testing Procedures Available to Accident Investigators |
AUG 2007 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Dennis V. Canfield; James D. Brink; Robert D. Johnson; Russell J. Lewis; Kurt M. Dubowski; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROSPACE MEDICAL INST
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| An ethanol positive fatal case reported as being from ingestion was ultimately determined to be from postmortem ethanol production using the ratio of two serotonin metabolites found in urine. This case involved a transportation accident that could have resulted in additional hardships for the victim's family through loss of compensation and reputation. |
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| Pyridinium Oxime Compounds as Antimicrobial Agents |
AUG 2007 |
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| Authors:
Bradley J. Berger; Marvin H. Knodel; DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT SUFFIELD (ALBERTA)
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 | Pyridinium oxime compounds have been utilised by a number of military organisations as one of the antidotes for nerve-agent poisoning. In Canada, the preferred compound from this class is HI-6, which has been demonstrated to be tolerated at high doses without significant ill effects. In this study, HI-6 and 15 structural analogues have been examined for their antimicrobial properties against a series of model organisms: Bacillus cereus and B. anthracis ... |
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| Tumor-Targeted Silencing of Bcl-2/Bcl-xl by Self-Assembled Sirna-Nanovectors as a Novel Molecular Therapy for Breast Cancer |
AUG 2007 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Liang Xu; MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR
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| The major goal of this Concept Award project is to explore the anti-Her-2 antibody as targeting ligand to establish the self-assembled nanovectors for targeted siRNA delivery to Her-2(+) breast cancer. Our hypothesis is (1) anti-Her-2 antibody will specifically target nanovectors to Her-2(+) breast cancer and thus efficiently deliver siRNA to the target cells; (2) siRNA-nanovectors will potently silence the Bcl-2/Bcl-xL gene expression induce apoptosis in human breast cancer cells that ... |
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| Equation of State of Aluminum-Iron Oxide-Epoxy Composite |
JUL 2007 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Jennifer L. Jordan; Jason R. Foley; Richard D. Dick; Louis Ferranti; Naresh N. Thadhani; David L. McDowell; Ryan A. Austin; David J. Benson; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EGLIN AFB FL MUNITIONS DIRECTORATE
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| We report on the measurements of the shock equation of state (Hugoniot) of an Al/Fe2O3/epoxy composite, prepared by epoxy cast curing of powder mixtures. Explosive loading, with Baratol, trinitrotoluene (TNT), and Octol, was used for performing experiments at higher pressures, in which case shock velocities were measured in the samples and aluminum, copper, or polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) donor material, using piezoelectric pins. The explosive loading of the metal donors (aluminum ... |
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Organic Chemistry
