| Development of an Integrated Mobile Meteorological Monitoring System for Use in Open Burning and Open Detonation Activities |
FEB 1997 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Gennaro H. Crescenti; Brian D. Templeman; NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK NC ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES MODELING DIV
|
|
| The National Shipbuilding Research Program. Shipyard Title V Permit Application |
FEB 1997 |
212 pages |
| Authors:
NATIONAL STEEL AND SHIPBUILDING CO SAN DIEGO CA
|
 | This Shipyard Title V Permit Application Manual was prepared as part of NSRP SP-1 Project 94-1. That project has also provided other interim assistance to shipyards as Title V programs have been developed and implemented. Title V of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (codified at 42 U.S.C. Chapter 85, Subchapter V, 7661 et seq.) requires certain existing facilities that emit regulated air pollutants to apply for new or upgraded ... |
|
| The National Shipbuilding Program. Preliminary Impact Analysis of Proposed Revisions of National Ambient Air Quality Standard for Ozone and Particulate Matter |
FEB 1997 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
NATIONAL STEEL AND SHIPBUILDING CO SAN DIEGO CA
|
| This report documents a preliminary analysis of the potential long term impacts on shipyards of proposed revisions to the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for ozone (03) and particulate matter (PM). The analysis was performed to provide information to the U.S. ship building and ship repair industry, so that companies in that industry could determine whether to submit comments on these EPA proposals. Project results were also presented to ... |
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| Active Remote Sensing Using Ultra Broadband Radiation |
31 JAN 97 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
P. Sprangle; A. Ting; E. Esarey; R. Hubbard; B. Hafizi; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC BEAM PHYSICS BRANCH
|
| Active remote sensing using ultra broadband (UB) radiation has the potential to achieve identification of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) at extended distances. The objective of this report is to propose and analyze the use of UB radiation for active remote sensing of HAPs. The UB source can provide day-night illumination of the pollution site with simultaneous multi-wavelength (continuum) radiation in the ultraviolet, visible or infrared regime. In addition, the UB ... |
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| Model JC-1 Laser System for Monitoring Atmospheric Pollution |
29 JAN 97 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Xinqi Lu; Guangde Ji; NATIONAL AIR INTELLIGENCE CENTER WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| This paper introduces the basic principle and structure of the model JC-1 laser system for monitoring atmospheric pollution that has been developed. At the same time, we also describe the experimental results of monitoring the pollutant ethylene in the field and the count methods of monitoring parameters for this system. With the advances in laser and spectrum technology, a number of advanced laser monitoring systems for atmosphere pollution have appeared ... |
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| The National Shipbuilding Research Program. Environmental and Occupational Safety and Health Inspections: A Guide for Shipyard Managers and Employees |
29 JAN 1997 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
John L. Wittenborn; Michael O. Hill; Dana M. Austin; COLLIER SHANNON RILL AND SCOTT PLLC WASHINGTON DC
|
| This document is intended to provide, in outline form, legal advice concerning the various factors that shipyards should consider with respect to facility inspections relating either to environmental (e.g. clean air, clean water, hazardous waste) or occupational safety and health (hereafter referred to as OSHA l) issues. The outline discusses steps that shipyard legal and environmental department personnel, managers and employees should take generally (even when no particular inspection is ... |
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| Method of and Apparatus for the Continuous Emissions Monitoring of Toxic Airborne Metals. |
21 JAN 1997 |
|
| Authors:
Michael D. Seltzer; Robert B. Green; DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY WASHINGTON DC
|
 | A portable apparatus for continuous real-time measurement of airborne metals, comprising an isokinetic sampler, a sample line, a sampling interface device, a pump, and an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). A method for measurement of airborne metals by use of such an apparatus is also described, in which the sampling interface device accommodates the high, continuous sample collection flow rates necessary for isokinetic sampling while at the same ... |
|
| K-2 Titan IV Stratospheric Plume Dispersion |
10 JAN 97 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
E. J. Beiting; R. A. Klingberg; AEROSPACE CORP EL SEGUNDO CA TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS
|
| Video images were recorded of the plume from the K-2 Titan IV launched 2 July 1996 from Cape Canaveral Air Station. These images were used to infer plume motion and expansion near an altitude of 30 km in the stratosphere. The plume was observed to move across the sky in a generally east to west direction with a speed of 19 +/- 2 km/s. The plume diameter at an altitude ... |
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| Water Injection into Navy Gas-Turbine Combustors to Reduce NOx Emissions |
1997 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Herman B. Urbach; Donald T. Knauss; Balfour L. Wallace; John Emory; John Frese; NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CENTER CARDEROCK DIV BETHESDA MD SHIP MATERIALS ENGINEERING DEPT
|
| Land-based water injection into the combustor of gas turbines is a state-of-the-art technology, which is a low-risk, low-cost option for reduction of gas-turbine emissions. A controller for a water-injected combustor (WIC) system was designed for automatic control of water injection. Steady-state tests of the WIC system in an LM2500 propulsion-engine facility yielded basic engine- interactive data for the WIC's unique automatic software logic. The steady-state tests demonstrated anticipated NOx reductions ... |
|
| Fundamental Limits on Gas-Phase Chemical Reduction of NOx in a Plasma |
1997 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
B. M. Penetrante; M. C. Hsiao; B. T. Merritt; G. E. Vogtlin; LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LAB CA
|
| This paper examines the gas-phase chemical reduction of NOx. It is shown that under the best conditions, the plasma can chemically reduce 1.6 grams of NOx per brake-horsepower-hour when 5% of the engine output energy is delivered to the plasma. This NOx reduction efficiency is a fundamental limit that cannot be exceeded in the absence of heterogeneous reactions or chemical additives. Higher NOx removal efficiencies would suggest reactions of plasma ... |
|
| Effect of Hydrocarbons on Plasma Treatment of NOx |
1997 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
B. M. Penetrante; W. J. Pitz; M. C. Hsiao; B. T. Merritt; G. E. Vogtlin; LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LAB CA
|
| This paper examines how hydrocarbons affect the non-thermal plasma treatment of NOx in lean-burn engine exhausts. We have found that the NO is mainly oxidized to NO2 by NO + HO2 --> NO2 + OH, NO + RO2 --> NO2 + RO where R is a hydrocarbon radical. The O and OH radicals produced by electron-impact dissociation are consumed mainly by reactions with the hydrocarbons rather than with NO. The ... |
|
| Plasma-Assisted Heterogeneous Catalysis for NOx Reduction in Lean-Burn Engine Exhaust |
1997 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
B. M. Penetrante; M. C. Hsiao; B. T. Merritt; G. E. Vogtlin; C. Z. Wan; LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LAB CA
|
| Recent developments in catalytic control of NOx are revealing the significance of NO2 as an intermediary for achieving higher NOx removal efficiencies. This paper discusses the combination of the plasma with a catalyst to improve the selective reduction of NOx under lean-burn conditions. It is shown that the main effect of the plasma is to enhance the gas-phase oxidation of NO to NO2. The reduction of NOx to N2 is ... |
|
| Multi-Stage Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx in Lean-Burn Engine Exhaust |
1997 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
B. M. Penetrante; M. C. Hisao; B. T. Merritt; G. E. Vogtlin; LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATIONAL LAB CA
|
| Recent Studies suggest that the conversion of NO to NO2 is an important intermediate step in the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx to N2. These studies have prompted the development of schemes that use an oxidation catalyst to convert NO to NO2, followed by a reduction catalyst to convert NO2 to N2. Multi-stage SCR offers high NOx reduction efficiency from catalysts that, separately, are not very active for reduction ... |
|
| Toxic Substances from Coal Combustion - A Comprehensive Assessment |
31 DEC 96 |
64 pages |
| Authors:
L. E. Bool III; C. L. Senior; F. Huggins; G. P. Huffman; N. Shah; DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY WASHINGTON DC ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR ENERGY TECHNOLOGY
|
| The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 identify a number of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) as candidates for regulation. Should regulations be imposed on HAP emissions from coal-fired power plants, a sound understanding of the fundamental principles controlling the formation and partitioning of toxic species during coal combustion will be needed. With support from the Federal Energy Technology Center (FETC), the Electric Power Research Institute, and VTT (Finland), Physical Sciences ... |
|
| Applying Probabilistic Risk Assessment and Decision Analysis Techniques to Avoid Excessive Remedial Investigation Costs |
DEC 96 |
184 pages |
| Authors:
Alejandro Hinojos; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| The majority of remediation resources have been consumed by costly and lengthy remedial investigation studies to characterize the human health risk. Unable to deal directly with the uncertainty resulting from the convolution of the uncertainties in a multitude of variables, and heavily persuaded by the liabilities, decision makers and regulators have relied on conservative assumptions and more studies to take appropriate actions. The main objective of this research is to ... |
|
| Local Effects of Solid Rocket Motor Exhaust on Stratospheric Ozone Concentrations |
DEC 96 |
160 pages |
| Authors:
Brian K. George; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
|
| Solid Rocket Motors (SRMs) power the initial flight of the Space Shuttle and Titan IV rocket. During those first two minutes after liftoff, the exhaust plumes from these motors emit large quantities of chlorine compounds and alumina particles into the atmosphere. For years scientists have argued that such a large chlorine input, injected directly into the stratosphere, would photochemically react with the surrounding air to cause significant ozone depletion. To ... |
|
| Development of Energy Screening Criteria for Use of Natural Gas-Fueled Technologies in the Department of Defense. Preliminary Investigation |
DEC 96 |
43 pages |
| Authors:
William R. Taylor; CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB (ARMY) CHAMPAIGN IL
|
| Department of Defense (DOD) is considering the application of natural gas (NG) technologies to decrease the life-cycle cost of delivering energy to its installations. To place the appropriate priority on NG technologies, estimates of the potential impact are needed. One method of estimating is to use the Renewables and Energy Efficiency Planning (REEP) program developed at the U. S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratories (USACERL). However, the current version of ... |
|
| Overview Environmental Assessment for the Space Based Infrared System (SBIRS) |
DEC 1996 |
121 pages |
| Authors:
Anthony C. Davis; Donald L. Koehler; J. D. Latimer; Craig McColloch; David S. Reasons; PARSONS ENGINEERING SCIENCE INC AUSTIN TX
|
| The United States needs to procure a consolidated, cost-effective, flexible system that will meet the Nation's infrared space surveillance needs through the next two to three decades. The system must fulfill four broad mission areas: missile warning, missile defense, technical intelligence, and battlespace characterization. This overview Environmental Assessment (EA) identifies, describes, and evaluates the potential environmental impacts that could result from implementing the Space Based Infrared System (SBIRS) High Component, ... |
|
| The Environmental Assessment and Management (TEAM) Guide. Louisiana Supplement, Revised November 1996 |
NOV 96 |
|
| Authors:
Carolyn O'Rourke; CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB (ARMY) CHAMPAIGN IL
|
| Environmental assessments help determine compliance with current environmental regulations. The U.S. Air Force, U.S. Army, Defense Logistics Agency (DLA), and Corps of Engineers (Civil Works) have adopted environmental compliance programs that identify compliance problems before they are cited as violations by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Since 1984, the U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratories (USACERL), in cooperation with numerous Department of Defense (DOD) components, has developed environmental compliance ... |
|
| New and Improved Methods for Monitoring Air Quality and the Terrestrial Environment |
NOV 96 |
194 pages |
| Authors:
Jerry J. Bromenshenk; Garon C. Smith; Bruce E. King; Robert A. Seccomb; Ghassan Alnasser; MONTANA UNIV MISSOULA
|
| Honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) have been shown to be multi-media monitors of chemical exposures and biotic effects. However, most methods of measuring honey bee colony population dynamics have been time-intensive and subject to observer error. This four-year project has developed an automated system to assess continuously (in real-time) colony flight activity, temperature and relative humidity in the brood nest, total hive biomass, pollen collected, and a full spectrum of ... |
|
| Environmental Quality: Environmental Compliance Policies |
30 OCT 1996 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
Otis Williams; CORPS OF ENGINEERS WASHINGTON DC
|
| This regulation establishes the policy for the management of environmental compliance-related operations and maintenance activities at US army Corps of Engineers civil works and military projects and facilities. The environmental compliance mission is to assure that all USACE facilities and associated lands (including outgrants) meet environmental standards contained in relevant Federal, state, and local laws and regulations. The environmental compliances mission is also related to environmental stewardship. Therefore this regulation ... |
|
| Emissions from DOD Fuel Storage and Painting Operations |
OCT 1996 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Nicholas Stencel; Samara Iodice; Calvin Kodres; NAVAL FACILITIES ENGINEERING SERVICE CENTER PORT HUENEME CA
|
| The USEPA's National Risk Management Research Laboratory (NRMRL), under the direction and support of the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP), was funded to develop a process for controlling volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from fuel storage and transfer operations. The Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center (NFESC) was tasked to quantify DoD emissions from these operations. It was determined that Navy fueling operations are in compliance with Clean Air Act ... |
|
| Long Term Scientific Study/44 (LTSS/44): Environmental Technologies for Application to NATO Military Assets and Bases. Volume 1: Main Report. Panel 1 on Long-Term Scientific Studies |
23 SEP 96 |
|
| Authors:
J. E. Tumarkin; S. L. Clark; L. Coppet; J. L. Goasdoue; C. Grunert; NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZATION BRUSSELS (BELGIUM)
|
| LTSS/44 studied 10 contaminant areas of interest to NATO's efforts to stop environmental pollution at the source. The study areas included: (1) Petroleum, Oils and Lubricants; (2) Munitions; (3) Fire Suppressants and (4) Refrigerants (Ozone Depleting Substances - ODS); (5) Solvents and Cleaners (Volatile Organic Compounds - VOC); (6) Organic and (7) Inorganic Surface Coatings; (8) Liquid Shipboard Wastes; (9) Solid Shipboard Wastes and (10) Pesticides. Each problem area was ... |
|
| Status Report of the EPA's Air Pollution Prevention & Control Division's Biomass-to Energy Development & Demonstration Projects |
SEP 1996 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
C. R. Purvis; J. Cleland; J. D. Craig; C. F. Sanders; ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK NC
|
| The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) Air Pollution Prevention and Control Division (APPCD) is participating in research, development, and demonstration projects that will convert biomass energy to electrical power, resulting in waste utilization, pollution alleviation, and energy conservation. The goal of each project is to demonstrate the technical, economic, and environmental feasibility of an innovative energy conversion technology. This paper describes the status of each project. The first project, managed ... |
|
| Spectroscopic UV Imager Systems for Study of Atmospheric Contamination |
15 AUG 96 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
John L. Lowrance; PRINCETON SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS INC MONMOUTH JUNCTION NJ
|
| Rockets generate pollutant species in their flight through the troposphere and stratosphere. To assess the environmental impact of such species, it is necessary to know the concentrations and the lifetimes of the foreign species and the chemistry which they undergo in the atmosphere. This program was to design and use instruments to gather data to determine the species, concentrations, and lifetimes of these foreign species. The measurement program was based ... |
|
| Removal of N-Nitrosodimethylamine from Rocky Mountain Arsenal Waters Using Innovative Adsorption Technologies |
AUG 96 |
|
| Authors:
Elizabeth C. Fleming; Judith C. Pennington; Norman R. Francingues; Debra R. Felt; Benjamin G. Wachob; ARMY ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION VICKSBURG MS ENVIRONMENTAL LAB
|
| The Rocky Mountain Arsenal (RMA) occupies 27 square miles in Adams County, Colorado, and is located adjacent to the Stapleton Airport. Figure 1 illustrates a general map of the RMA. The U.S. Department of the Army established the RMA in 1942 for the purpose of producing chemicals such as napalm, mustard agent, lewisite, and chlorine. After World War II, a number of private organizations leased the arsenal from the Army ... |
|
| The Biodegradation of Propellants M3lAlEl and NOSIH-AA2 in Compost, Soil Slurries, and Liquid Cultures |
AUG 96 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
Neal R. Adrian; CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB (ARMY) CHAMPAIGN IL
|
| Munition production operations generate a large amount of waste material, which has historically been disposed of by open burning (OB) and open detonation (OD). However, OB/OD presents the potential for contamination of air, water, and soil. Increasingly stringent environmental regulations may force the interruption of munitions production if alternative waste disposal options such as controlled incineration, wet air oxidation, super critical water oxidation, and composting are not developed. This study ... |
|
| Development of the Process Energy and Pollution Reduction (PEPR) analysis Tool |
AUG 96 |
182 pages |
| Authors:
Mike C. Lin; Malcolm Fraser; Robert Lorand; CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB (ARMY) CHAMPAIGN IL
|
| Department of Defense (DOD) industrial facilities consume large amounts of energy and emit significant quantities of air pollutants. Recent Executive Orders issued by the President set goals for increased energy efficiency and reduced emissions that must be met by these industrial facilities. To help address these needs, the U.S. Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratories (USACERL) has initiated programs to: (1) develop a Process Energy and Pollution Reduction (PEPR) screening tool ... |
|
| Considerations for Implementing an Army-Wide Consolidation of Open Burning and Open Detonation |
AUG 96 |
|
| Authors:
Linda K. McConnell; David M. Wunsch; LOGISTICS MANAGEMENT INST MCLEAN VA
|
| As Single Manager for Conventional Ammunitions, the U.S. Army is responsible for demilitarizing excess, obsolete, or unserviceable conventional munitions. Munitions that cannot be recycled are disposed of by open burning and open detonation (OBOD) which is regulated under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act and requires permitting under Subpart X. Due to the cost of permitting and managing OBOD units, the Army is seeking to reduce Subpart X permits. This ... |
|
| The Effects of Rocket Exhaust on Stratospheric Ozone: Chemistry and Diffusion |
AUG 1996 |
150 pages |
| Authors:
Peter D. Lohn; Eric Y. Wong; Darryl D. Spencer; Roger Meads; Luisa T. Molina; TRW SPACE AND ELECTRONICS GROUP REDONDOBEACH CA
|
| This study extends the work of M. R. Denison et al. (Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, v31 n3, p435-442, May-June 1994) who described a methodology that allowed the quantitative assessment of the impact of rocket exhaust on stratospheric ozone. The local, short time, effect and the ultimate global effect of rocket exhaust are evaluated through the use of a high- resolution ozone imager (HIROIG). Analysis of solid rocket motor (SRM) ... |
|
| The Removal of NOx Using a Pulsed Streamer Corona Discharge in the Presence of Ethylene |
25 JUL 1996 |
144 pages |
| Authors:
Swaminathan Kalyana; FLORIDA STATE UNIV TALLAHASSEE
|
| Corona technology is based upon the application of an electric discharge to produce highly reactive free radicals in a gaseous medium. In this study, a pulsed streamer corona discharge reactor was designed, constructed, and operated to study the removal of NO containing gases. Different physical characteristics of the discharge such as the rise time, peak voltage, and pulse width of the voltage pulse were measured. A ... |
|
| Water-Based Halon Replacement Sprays |
JUL 96 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
Anthony E. Finnerty; Robert L. McGill; Wayne A. Slack; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Water delivered as a spray is more effective against hydrocarbon fires than a stream of water. Water as a mist is even more effective. The delivery system influences the effectiveness of water. The major problem with using water in a combat vehicle is freezing at low temperatures. Additives can be added to lower the freezing point Thus, water solutions may be usable under all expected operating conditions. Experiments have been ... |
|
| Analysis of Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) in Coating Solvents Via Capillary Gas Chromatography (GC) |
JUL 96 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Philip H. Patterson; William S. Lum; ARMY RESEARCH LAB FORT BELVOIR VA
|
| This interim report covers the progress of the analytical work performed on the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) project entitled 'Analysis of Class I Ozone Depleting chemicals and Aromatic Solvents in Coating Related Materials Using Capillary Gas Chromatography.' General background information is discussed and preliminary results of several gas chromatographic analyses of solvent mixtures are presented. |
|
| International Environment: Environmental Infrastructure Needs in the U. S.-Mexican Border Region Remain Unmet |
JUL 1996 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC RESOURCES COMMUNITY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT DIV
|
| Communities on both sides of the nearly 2,000 mile U.S.-Mexican border are confronting numerous environmental problems that pose serious risks to human health and the environment. These problems, which have worsened as the border region's economy, industries, and population have rapidly expanded over the last two decades, stem from the wide gap between the increasing domestic and industrial demand for and availability of environmental infrastructure, including systems for drinking water, ... |
|
| Planning Environmental Resource Strategy Evolution and Utilization Study (PERSEUS) |
JUL 96 |
68 pages |
| Authors:
ARMY CONCEPTS ANALYSIS AGENCY BETHESDA MD
|
| The purpose of PERSEUS was to develop and evaluate investment strategies to assist decision makers in prioritizing pollution abatement and prevention projects for US Army facilities and activities. The study applied the Pollution Abatement and Prevention Analysis (PAPA) methodology and a limited set of data to demonstrate three cases of development and evaluation of pollution prevention (P2) investment strategies. Case 1 developed a P2 investment strategy using only pollution prevention ... |
|
| Report on Technical and Managerial Innovation |
JUL 96 |
70 pages |
| Authors:
AEROSPACE GUIDANCE AND METROLOGY CENTERNEWARK AFS OH
|
| The Aerospace Guidance and Metrology Center (AGMC), at Newark Air Force Base in Ohio, was once one of the largest single-site users of ozone- depleting chemicals in the world, but the threat posed by these chemicals to the Earth's ozone layer prompted the facility to phase them out. The complexity of the work done at the Center would have made even a gradual phase-out tremendously difficult, but AGMC completed the ... |
|
| Reduction of NOx and PM from Navy Diesel Engines: A Feasibility Analysis |
JUL 1996 |
78 pages |
| Authors:
S. Venkatesh; ACUREX ENVIRONMENTAL CORP MOUNTAIN VIEWCA
|
| The US Navy jointly with the EPA under SERDP is conducting a program to develop a NOx and PM control package for its shipboard diesel engines. This report evaluates the feasibility of retrofit NOx and PM control technologies based on impending emission standards, available technologies, cost, and impact of retrofit applications on ship/engine operations. |
|
| Detection and Identification of Airborne Contaminants |
30 JUN 96 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Alan R. Katritzky; FLORIDA UNIV GAINESVILLE DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| Final Progress Report includes a brief summary of research findings made during the work on the project. The main purpose of the project was to synthesize and characterize organic compounds as potential surface coatings for SAW and chemical microsensors. |
|
| Techniques to Improve the Environmental Safety of OB and OD Operations |
27 JUN 1996 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
W. Mitchell; James L. Wilcox; Chris Biltoft; Elain S. Oran; Jay P. Boris; ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY RESEARCH TRIANGLE PARK NC
|
| The three methods commonly used to dispose of unneeded PEP material are: (1) incineration; (2) disassembly, recovery, and recycling (DRC); and (3) burning or detonating in the open (OB, OD). Although incineration and DRC are the environmentally-preferred methods of disposal, they cannot presently be used on many items in the inventory for one or more of the following reasons. First, the composition is either unknown, unstable, ... |
|
| Contamination Control of Emission Discharge |
24 JUN 1996 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Han S. Uhm; DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY WASHINGTON DC
|
| The burning of material, including fuel and/or waste products, is performed within an incineration chamber heated above room-temperature while being supplied with high-power microwave radiation under conditions generating a plasma through which oxidation is enhanced to eliminate contaminants from the gaseous emission discharged from the incineration chamber. |
|
| The Use of Continuous Emissions Monitoring To Track, Record, and Report Criteria Pollutant Emissions |
JUN 96 |
147 pages |
| Authors:
Daiva E. Edgar; Gerald T. DeWitt; Jearldine I. Northrup; CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB (ARMY) CHAMPAIGN IL
|
| On 15 November 1990, President George Bush signed into law the Clean Air Act Amendments, which distinguish between: (1) 'air toxics' and (2) 'criteria pollutants.' Central energy plants (CEPs) like those found on military installations in the continental United States generate certain levels of this second class of pollutants and, by law, must be monitored. Most installations in the continental United States are actually regulated for pollution emissions by their ... |
|
| Progress in Developing an Open Burn/Open Detonation Dispersion Model |
JUN 1996 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
J. C. Weil; Brian D. Templeman; W. Mitchell; COLORADO UNIV AT BOULDER
|
| This paper briefly summarizes the model development effort which is divided into operational and research components. In the following, we give a brief discussion of the background and overall model design and then describe the operational model components for instantaneous (OD) and short-duration (OB) sources; the OD model is a Gaussian puff approach whereas the OB framework consists of integrated-puff and plume models. The combined OB/OD model includes: 1) a ... |
|
| Air Monitoring Trials on HMAS OVENS |
JUN 1996 |
|
| Authors:
M. Loncar; P. J. Hanhela; T. H. Gan; W. Mazurek; AERONAUTICAL AND MARITIME RESEARCH LAB MELBOURNE (AUSTRALIA)
|
| Three air monitoring trials were undertaken in an RAN Oberon class submarine, HMAS Ovens, using an instrument package consisting of commercially available monitors for hydrogen, hydrogen chloride, chlorine, oxygen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, refrigerant R-12, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and aerosols. During the trial periods, dive times were short so there was little opportunity for the build up of air contaminants. However, of the air contaminants measured, only the VOCs ... |
|
| Elimination of Liquid Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) Prioritization Guidance |
02 MAY 96 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
AIR FORCE CIVIL ENGINEERING SUPPORT AGENCY TYNDALL AFB FL
|
| This ETL provides guidance to help the Base Civil Engineer (BCE) and other users prioritize replacement projects for real property installed equipment containing liquid PCBs. A prioritization model is provided based on environmental risk factors and best business practices to help in project validation and competition for available pollution prevention funds. |
|
| Installation Restoration Program Decision Document. Site 16, Alpena Combat Readiness Training Center, Michigan Air National Guard, Alpena County Regional Airport, Alpena Michigan |
MAY 96 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
LOCKHEED MARTIN ENERGY SYSTEMS INC OAK RIDGE TN
|
| This Decision Document (DD) supports the no further action alternative for Site 16-JP-4 Refueler Parking Apron at the Alpena Combat Readiness Training Center (CRTC) in Alpena, Michigan. The purpose of the DD is to summarize the existing data for the site and describe the Air National Guard's rational for selecting the no further action alternative. |
|
| Advanced Streaming Agent Development Volume 1 - Silicon Compounds |
APR 96 |
166 pages |
| Authors:
Garth W. Gobeli; Robert E. Tapscott; Jacob A. Kaizerman; NEW MEXICO ENGINEERING RESEARCH INST ALBUQUERQUE
|
| The objective of the overall effort is to develop new chemical compounds as Halon 1211 replacements. Four families of compounds are particularly promising-phosphorus nitrides, metal compounds, silicon compounds, and tropodegradable halocarbons. This report is Volume I of a 5-volume series of reports: Volume II covers metal compounds; Volume III, phosphorus compounds; Volume IV, tropodegradable halocarbons; and Volume V, laboratory-scale streaming tests. This document assesses silicon compounds as potential halon substitutes. ... |
|
| ETL/EPA Workshop on Open Burning/Open Detonation (OB/OD) (Broker Inn, Boulder, Colorado 15-16 February 1995) |
APR 1996 |
61 pages |
| Authors:
Robert M. Banta; NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION BOULDER CO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LABS
|
| The stockpile of outdated military explosives, ordnance, and propellants is large, dangerous, and growing rapidly. The preferred, most efficient, and most cost-effective method of destruction is the open burning (OB) or open detonation (OD) of the material, but because these methods release contaminants to the atmosphere, a permit from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is required. No routine procedures or guidelines currently apply to OB/OD activities. Therefore, a Workshop sponsored ... |
|
| European Technology for Reducing Exhaust Pollution from Naval Ship Engines |
APR 1996 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Earl Quandt; NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CENTER CARDEROCK DIV BETHESDA MD
|
| In response to the world wide interest in reducing air pollution, the U.S. Navy is studying methods for lowering emissions from new, as well as existing, ship engines. As part of those studies, this report summarizes an examination of the science and technology base in Europe related to marine engine combustion and emissions. On site visits in 1995 found a strong theoretical and bench scale science ... |
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| Environmental Assessment for the Space Based Infrared System (SBIRS) mission Control Station for Defense Support Program Consolidation |
APR 1996 |
114 pages |
| Authors:
Anthony C. Davis; Josephine Jarrell; Donald L. Koehler; J. D. Latimer; Craig McColloch; PARSONS ENGINEERING SCIENCE INC AUSTIN TX
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| A number of different missile warning, defense, and battlespace characterization systems are currently in use by the Department of Defense (DoD) and other national users. These systems include the Defense Support Program (DSP), Large Processing Station (LPS), Attack and Launch Early Reporting to Theater (ALERT), Tactical Detection and Reporting (TACDAR), and Joint Tactical Ground Station (JTAGS). The DoD proposes to integrate and ultimately replace these systems with the Space Based ... |
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| Air Treatment Project: Final Summary Report and Bibliography |
15 MAR 1996 |
57 pages |
| Authors:
J. M. Schneider; PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV UNIVERSITY PARK APPLIED RESEARCH LAB
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| This Summary Report describes the results of more than two years of research conducted with funding provided by SERDP, the Marine Corps Logistic Bases (MCLB) and the Navy Department's LINC (Repair Technology) Program. The research focused on the destruction of VOCs in paint booth exhaust using hybrid air pollution control technologies. The hybrid system selected included three principle modules: UV photochemical destruction; counter-flow packed bed scrubbing using activated oxygen; and ... |
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Air Pollution and Control
