| Freezing Fog Formation in a Supercooled Boundary Layer: Solving the Winter Fog Forecasting Challenge for Elmendorf Air Force Base, Alaska |
MAR 2007 |
105 pages |
| Authors:
Bradley J. Harbaugh; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
 | We have examined four complex freezing fog events at Elmendorf Air Force Base, Alaska, to determine the root cause of the fog. These events have drastically impacted operations in the region for years, and are still a mystery to forecasters. The primary goal was to provide a detailed analysis of conditions within the boundary layer that contributed to freezing fog formation within the supercooled liquid water boundary layer. The data ... |
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| The Forcing of 25-Knot Winds at Hickam and Andersen AFB |
MAR 2007 |
83 pages |
| Authors:
Scott G. Smith; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This study investigates synoptic scale regimes in the forcing of 25 knot winds at Hickam and Andersen AFB. Ten years of data from January 1996 through December 2005, as well as case studies from June, July and August of 2006 were considered for this study. Days were grouped together to isolate the events of trade wind flow only and to alleviate days where trade wind flow was interrupted by synoptic ... |
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| Meteorological Factors That Lead to Separation of the California Coastal Jet from the Central Coast |
MAR 2007 |
89 pages |
| Authors:
Jonathan D. Mason; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This study investigates the impact of off-shore cross-coast winds on the coastal-jet along the Central California Coast specifically Vandenberg AFB. Events that resulted in synoptic-scale offshore flow over most of the Central Californian coast were identified and considered for this study throughout the late spring through early fall 2006 season. A total of 18 events were found along the central coast during this time frame. Two case were selected from ... |
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| Theoretical Characterization of the Radiative Properties of Dust Aerosol for the Air Force Combat Climatology Center Point Analysis Intelligence System |
MAR 2007 |
145 pages |
| Authors:
John D. McMillen; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The Air Force Combat Climatology Center produces an analysis of meteorological conditions in a column over any point on the globe. Currently this analysis does not include aerosol impact on radiative transfer. Instead, the meteorological parameters are used to choose an aerosol representation native to MODTRAN radiative transfer software. This research investigates the impact of dust aerosol on radiative transfer in the 1-5 m wavelength band. Theoretical radiative transfer properties ... |
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| Long-Range Operational Military Forecasts for Afghanistan |
MAR 2007 |
99 pages |
| Authors:
Sarah M. Moss; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| We have investigated statistically significant signals in Afghanistan associated with two global scale climate variations, El Ni o-La Ni a (ENLN) and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The results of primary interest were in seasonal 850hPa temperatures and precipitation rates (PR), as these variables affect many military operations. Our primary data sets were National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis fields and indices of ENLN and NAO activity. Our methods ... |
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| Optimizing the Prioritization of Natural Disaster Recovery Projects |
MAR 2007 |
269 pages |
| Authors:
Jason M. Aftanas; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
|
| Prioritizing reconstruction projects to recover a base from a natural disaster is a complicated and arduous process that involves all levels of leadership. The project prioritization phase of base recovery has a direct affect on the allocation of funding, the utilization of human resources, the obligation of projects, and the overall speed and efficiency of the recovery process. The focus of this research is the development of an objective and ... |
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| Vertical Variation of Dust and Its Impact on the Top of the Atmosphere Brightness Temperature in the Midwave Infrared |
MAR 2007 |
89 pages |
| Authors:
Paul W. Luckyk; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The objective of this thesis is to investigate the vertical distribution of dust and its impact on the top of the atmosphere radiance and associated remotely sensed thermal variability in the midwave infrared wavelengths. Due to the inconsistent availability and coincidence of in-situ data with dust events, model data was used to identify the vertical dust regions. The Navy Aerosol Analysis and Prediction System global aerosol model was used to ... |
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| Satellite Applications for Military Support. Trendwatch from an EO Perspective (Satelliettoepassingen voor Militaire Ondersteuning. Trendwatch Vanuit een EO Perspectief) |
MAR 2007 |
|
| Authors:
R. M. Schoemaker; TNO Defence Security and Safety The Hague (Netherlands)
|
 | A safe, effective and efficient realization is what counts during expeditionary tasks of the Netherlands forces in remote regions in the world. These regions are mostly coastal areas and desolate mountainous terrain in the Middle East and Africa. The current weather and atmospheric conditions for these regions often bring unverifiable and unpredictable factors that influence tactical and strategic decisions in a negative manner. Many natural and artificial conditions can be ... |
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| JCOMM Expert Team on Sea Ice (ETSI), Third Session Steering Group for the Global Digital Sea Ice Data Bank (GDSIDB) Eleventh Session |
MAR 2007 |
110 pages |
| Authors:
WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION GENEVA (SWITZERLAND)
|
| Table of Contents: General Summary of the work of the session; List of participants; Agenda; SPA top level objectives; Report by the chairperson of the expert team on Sea Ice (ETSI); Terms of reference of the task team on provision of MSI in polar regions; Report of the IMO/IHO/WMO Correspondence Group on Arctic MSI Services presented at the Eleventh Session of the IMO/COMSAR; Revised ETSI terms of reference; Marine information ... |
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| An Analysis of Preflight Weather Briefings |
FEB 2007 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
O. V. Prinzo; Alfred M. Hendrix; Ruby Hendrix; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROMEDICAL INST
|
| Weather is often cited as a factor in general aviation (GA) accidents and mishaps. The type of weather information requested from, or provided by, automated flight service station (AFSS) specialists is dependent on weather conditions at the time the preflight briefing occurs. However, little is known about how this weather information is used by GA pilots. The purpose of this research was to document the types of AFSS weather information ... |
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| Tour Planning for an Unmanned Air Vehicle Under Wind Conditions (Preprint) |
FEB 2007 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Rachelle L. McNeely; Ram V. Iyer; Phillip R. Chandler; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH AIR VEHICLES DIRECTORATE
|
| A very important sub-problem in the task assignment problem for unmanned air vehicles (UAVs) is the evaluation of costs for the state transitions of a directed graph. Usually a Dubins vehicle flying in the absence of wind is considered in the computation of costs. However, when a prevailing wind vector field is considered, the costs take on very different values and the task assignment problem can have very different solutions. ... |
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| Air-Sea Interaction at Contrasting Sites in the Eastern Tropical Pacific: Mesoscale Variability and Atmospheric Convection at 10 deg N |
FEB 2007 |
|
| Authors:
J. T. Farrar; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE
|
| The role of ocean dynamics in driving air-sea interaction is examined at two contrasting sites on l25 deg W in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean using satellite data and data from two air-sea interaction moorings. Analysis reveals marked differences in the role of ocean dynamics in modulating sea surface temperature (SST). At a near-equatorial site (3 deg S), the 1997-1998 El Nino event dominated the evolution of SST and surface ... |
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| Water Masses in the Monterey Bay during the Summer of 2000 |
19 JAN 2007 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Alex Warn-Varnas; Avijit Gangopadhyay; J. A. Hawkins; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEANOGRAPHY DIV
|
| Water masses in Monterey Bay are determined from the CTD casts of the Monterey Ocean Observing System (MOOS) Upper-water-column Science Experiment (MUSE) August 2000 dataset. It is shown through cluster analysis that the MUSE 2000 CTD dataset contains 5 water masses. These five water masses are bay surface water (BSW), bay warm water (BWW), bay intermediate water (BIW), subarctic upper water (SUW), and North Pacific deep water (NPDW). The BWW ... |
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| 3rd IAGA/ICMA Workshop on Vertical Coupling in the Atmosphere/Ionosphere System/ Abstract |
10 JAN 2007 |
|
| Authors:
Dora Pancheva; BATH UNIV (UNITED KINGDOM)
|
| The Final Proceedings for 3rd IAGA/ICMA Workshop on Vertical Coupling in the Atmosphere/Ionosphere 18 September 2006 - 22 September 2006. The 3rd IAGA/ICMA Workshop will focus primarily on those forcing mechanisms that originate in the lower atmosphere on their transmission into the atmosphere-ionosphere system and the ways in which these are influenced by changing solar geomagnetic and anthropogenic drivers. The workshop will address recent studies on atmospheric coupling with special ... |
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| European Upper Atmosphere Server DIAS - Final Conference/ Abstract |
10 JAN 2007 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Bruno Zolesi; Lucilla Alfonsi; Silvia Nardi; Silvia Pau; Michael Pezzopane; Marco Pietrella; Loredana Proto; NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GEOPHYSICS AND VOLCANOLOGY ROME (ITALY)
|
| The DIAS (Digital Upper Atmosphere Server) project is a collaborative venture funded by the European Commission eContent Programme. Its objectives are (1) to develop a pan-European network of stations for monitoring the state of the upper atmosphere in real-time, and for collecting historical records of such data, (2) to develop a new digital server for managing and distributing this data, and (3) to develop and promote the generation of new ... |
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| Computer-Aided Visualization in Meteorology |
01-Jan-2007 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
J G Trafton; Robert R Hoffman; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC CENTER FOR APPLIED RESEARCH IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
|
| Our topic in this chapter is not so much what happens when experts have to work "out of context," but how cognitive engineering might help weather forecasters, in particular, remain within familiar decision-making spaces by improving on their display technology. Most weather forecasters get data, charts, and satellite images from Internet sources. In this chapter, we discuss some of what we know about how weather forecasters use information technology to ... |
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| Adding Weather to Wargames |
JAN 2007 |
84 pages |
| Authors:
Sean G. O'Brien; Richard C. Shirkey; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE NM COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCE DIRECTORATE
|
| Employing the capability of the Target Acquisition Weapons Software (TAWS) tactical decision aid, and the rules embodied in the Integrated Weather Effects Decision Aid (IWEDA) we developed techniques that allowed significant improvement in weather effects and impacts for wargames. TAWS was run for numerous and varied weather conditions; the resultant database was subsequently used to construct third-order polynomial curves to represent infrared sensors acquiring targets under those weather conditions. IWEDA ... |
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| Skin Temperature Feedback Optimizes Microclimate Cooling |
JAN 2007 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
L. A. Stephenson; C. R. Vernieuw; W. Leammukda; M. A. Kolka; ARMY RESEARCH INST OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE NATICK MA THERMAL AND MOUNTAIN MEDICINE DIVISION
|
| A novel pulsed cooling paradigm (PCakin) integrating mean skin temperature (Tsk) feedback was compared with constant cooling (CC) or time-activated pulsed cooling (PC). Methods: Eight males exercised while wearing personal protective equipment (PPE) in a warm, dry environment (dry bulb temperature: 30C; dew-point temperature: 11C in each of the tests. Treadmill exercise was performed(~225 w 1 m-2) for 80 min. A liquid cooling garment (LCG) covered 72% of the body ... |
|
| NAVO MSRC Navigator. Spring 2007 |
Jan-2007 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
NAVAL OCEANOGRAPHIC OFFICE STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS MAJOR SHARED RESOURCE CENTER
|
| The NAVO MSRC provides Department of Defense (DoD) scientists and engineers with high performance computing (HPC) resources, including leading edge computational systems, large-scale data storage and archiving, scientific visualization resources and training, and expertise in specific computational technology areas (CTAs). These CTAs include Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), Climate/Weather/Ocean Modeling and Simulation (CWO), Environmental Quality Modeling and Simulation (EQM), Computational Electromagnetic and Acoustics (CEA), and Signal/ Image Processing (SIP). |
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| Changing the Mountain and Cold Weather Training Paradigm |
Jan-2007 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Scott E Stephan; MARINE CORPS COMMAND AND STAFF COLL QUANTICO VA
|
| The Marine Corps Mountain Warfare Training Center (MCMWTC) has been in operation for over 50 years, but the Marine Corps still lacks a coherent program to train and equip Marines for operations in mountainous and cold weather (MCW) environments. Moreover, no unifying training program exists for employing a Marine Air-Ground Task Force (MAGTF) in such environments. In light of these circumstances and the likelihood for future MCW operations, the Marine ... |
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| Windstorm Impact Reduction Implementation Plan |
2007 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT WASHINGTON DC NATIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY COUNCIL
|
| The tragedy caused by Hurricanes Katrina and Rita in August and September 2005, the unprecedented hurricane season of 2004 in which five hurricanes made landfall in Florida, and the May 1999 outbreak of damaging tornados in Oklahoma underscore the significant and growing risks to our society due to wind hazards. Public Law 108-360, known as the National Windstorm Reduction Act of 2004, was signed into law by President Bush to ... |
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| Transformation for Disaster Relief: Developing a Hastily Formed Network during Operation Vigilant Relief |
2007 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
John M. Epperly; NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIV WASHINGTON DC CENTER FOR TECHNOLOGY AND NATIONAL SECURITY POLICY
|
| The purpose of this case study is to facilitate an analysis of the role and effects of network-centric operations during the National Guard's initial response to Hurricane Katrina, which made landfall in Louisiana on August 29, 2005. The study explores the problem of establishing a hastily formed network during a complex humanitarian disaster scenario by focusing on the difficulties of establishing a network at the rifle battalion level during Operation ... |
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| Global Climate Change: National Security Implications |
2007 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
II Johnson Douglas V.; ARMY WAR COLL STRATEGIC STUDIES INST CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| Climate change is underway. The effects will vary according to a broad variety of circumstances and interactions, some of which are not well-understood. Likewise, mitigation is not wellunderstood, and will not take place quickly. The national security implications of climate change are proportional both to the speed of change and the extent. Public awareness should follow a coordinated strategic communication plan that focuses on maintaining credibility. Threats to national survival ... |
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| National Security and the Threat of Climate Change |
2007 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
CNA CORP ALEXANDRIA VA
|
| The purpose of this study is to examine the national security consequences of climate change. A dozen of the nation's most respected retired admirals and generals have served as a Military Advisory Board to study how climate change could affect our nation's security over the next 30 to 40 years the time fram for developing new military capabilities. The specific questions addressed in this report are: 1. What conditions are ... |
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| A Search Relevance Algorithm for Weather Effects Products |
29 DEC 2006 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Justin Nevitt; Don Brown; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
|
| This paper is concerned with providing the user with an efficient way to find information, specifically weather effects products within a Service Oriented Architecture (SOA). The work outlined in this paper pertains to searching and ranking weather effects products from the EVIS (Environmental Visualization) data provider. EVIS is a data provider to a Federated Search engine in the NCES (Network Centric Enterprise Service) ECB (Early Capabilities Baseline). Several off-the-shelf search ... |
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| Modeling the Northern Adriatic Double-Gyre Response to Intense Bora Wind: A Revist |
27 DEC 2006 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Milivoj Kuzmic; Ivica Janekovic; Jeffrey W. Book; Paul J. Martin; James D. Doyle; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEANOGRAPHY DIV
|
| A combination of recent intensive observations and simulations with two numerical models is used to revisit the issue of the northern Adriatic response to strong bora episodes. New observed and simulated data reinforce the view that an episode of a strong bora wind provokes a double-gyre (cyclonic, Trieste, and anticyclonic, Rovinj) response north of the Po Delta-Pula line. During an intense bora episode, both measured and modeled statistics picture a ... |
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| U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' "Operation Blue Roof" Project in Response to Hurricane Katrina |
22 DEC 2006 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Richard B. Jolliffe; Bruce A. Burton; Deborah L. Culp; Lisa M. Such; John G. LaBelle; Angela M. Kendera; Jordan P. Holaren; Jessica L. Gurtner; Brian J. Padworski; Meredith H. Johnson; INSPECTOR GENERAL DEPT OF DEFENSE ARLINGTON VA
|
| The Operation Blue Roof program provides a free temporary roof for residential structures, schools, day care centers, and all publicly owned facilities. These temporary roofs provide short-term relief until the owner can make permanent repairs. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) manages the Operation Blue Roof program for the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Congressmen Bennie G. Thompson and Bill Pascrell Jr. requested the USACE Inspector General to review ... |
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| Geological and Oceanographic Perspectives on Event Bed Formation during Hurricane Katrina |
14 DEC 2006 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
T. R. Keen; Y. Furukawa; S. J. Bentley; R. L. Slingerland; W. J. Teague; J. D. Dykes; C. D. Rowley; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS
|
| Storm deposits in ancient shelf sediments typically form thick sequences of interbedded sand and mud deposited during shoreline regression, whereas modern shelf sediments are generally thin veneers deposited during shoreline transgression. In this paper we present a preliminary comparison between ancient and modern storm beds deposited in these disparate contexts. Hurricane Katrina deposited a storm bed on the Louisiana shelf with a maximum observed thickness of 0.58 m, which thinned ... |
|
| Post-Launch Support for DMSP SSIES Sensors |
07 DEC 2006 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
R. A. Heelis; TEXAS UNIV AT DALLAS RICHARDSON
|
| This report summarizes activities related to the support of immediate post-launch activities related to the evaluation of sensor performance for the Special Sensor for Ions, Electrons, and Scintillation (SSIES) that is flown on the the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP). The thermal plasma sensors that constitute the SSIES instrument complement provide measurements that describe the composition, velocity, and temperature of the ions and electrons. Each sensor has operational variables that ... |
|
| Test Report on the November 2005 NATO RTG-40 Active Imager Land Field Trials |
DEC 2006 |
74 pages |
| Authors:
David Tofsted; David Quintis; Sean O'Brien; Jimmy Yarbrough; Manuel Bustillos; Gail T. Vaucher; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| The NATO Research Technology Group 40 (RTG-40) was established in 2003 to develop improved models of active imaging system performance to include the effects of atmospheric optical turbulence. Supporting the development of these models is the performance of naval and land field trials to provide data bases of system performance under varying turbulence conditions. In support of the land trials, the U.S. Army Research Laboratory s (ARL) Computational and Informational ... |
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| Disaster Response Contracting in a Post-Katrina World: Analyzing Current Disaster Response Strategies and Exploring Alternatives to Improve Processes for Rapid Reaction to Large Scale Disasters within the United States |
DEC 2006 |
140 pages |
| Authors:
Jerry A. King; Joshua H. McKay; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Considerable public scrutiny has been focused on the Federal Government's, especially the Federal Emergency Management Agency's (FEMA) supposed inadequate, misdirected, and slow response to the acquisition needs required for responding to the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. This seemingly failed response quite possibly cost the Federal Government billions in wasted taxpayer dollars and has affected the livelihood of thousands. Analyzing what went wrong and examining available acquisition concepts, organizations, processes, and ... |
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| Ocean Mixed Layer Response to Gap Wind Scenarios |
DEC 2006 |
81 pages |
| Authors:
Nikolaos Konstantinou; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This study focuses on understanding the oceanic response to gap outflow and the air-sea interaction processes during the gap wind event between 26 and 28 February 2004 over the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico. The U.S. Navy's Coupled Ocean Atmospheric Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS) and NPS Ocean Mixed Layer (OML) model was used to simulate the gap wind event and the temporal/spatial evolution of ocean response. Satellites, coincident in situ aircraft ... |
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| The Military and Domestic Disaster Response: Lead Role Revealed Through the Eye of Hurricane Katrina? |
DEC 2006 |
127 pages |
| Authors:
Juliana M. Walker; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The traditional role of the active-duty military force at home is one of support to a civilian Lead Federal Agency (LFA) that primarily falls under the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). During emergencies military domestic assistance is historically provided when local state and federal resources have been overwhelmed. During and in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina however the slow and perceived inept response to the massive disaster prompted a national ... |
|
| Increasing Range and Lethality of Extended-Range Munitions (ERMS) using Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) and the AUV Workbench to Compute a Ballistic Correction (BALCOR) |
DEC 2006 |
147 pages |
| Authors:
Douglas T. Wahl; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF METEOROLOGY
|
| Extended-Range Munitions (ERMs) are gun-launched rocket-boosted munitions having an effective range over 27 km. In accordance with Sea Power 21 and the Marine Corps requirements for sea-based fire support, three ERMs are being developed. The purpose of this work is to increase the range and lethality of these munitions by applying environmental effects when computing the projectiles trajectory. A broad review of artillery and munitions literature reveals that historically 66% ... |
|
| Emissions Control in Swirl-Stabilized Combustors |
DEC 2006 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
Ronald K. Hanson; STANFORD UNIV CA HIGH TEMPERATURE GASDYNAMICS LAB
|
| The Stanford University portion of this collaborative project has four major goals: 1) develop real-time tunable-diode-laser (TDL)-based sensors for combustion control, 2) demonstrate the use of these sensors to measure temperature in liquid-fueled swirl- stabilized flames at the University of Cincinnati, 3) fabricate a swirl-stabilized gas and liquid fuel burner with optical access to enable diagnostic development that mimics the atmospheric pressure performance of the University of Cincinnati facility, and ... |
|
| Impact Planning Aids for Major Storms (IPAMS): A Homeland Defense Weather Disaster Decision Aid |
Dec-2006 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Richard C Shirkey; Richard J Szymber; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE NM COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCE DIRECTORATE
|
| The U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) has developed a red-amber-green mission planning aid for Army commanders to advise them when and where the environmental conditions currently exceed (or are forecast to exceed) levels of marginal or severe impact to their systems, operations, or personnel. This Integrated Weather Effects Decision Aid (IWEDA) is successfully deployed today with U.S. Army combat weather teams around the world for Command and Control (C2) Battle ... |
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| Information Technology Management: Hurricane Katrina Disaster Recovery Efforts Related to Army Information Technology Resources |
19 OCT 2006 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Richard B. Jolliffe; Bruce A. Burton; Jacqueline L. Wicecarver; Therese M. Kince; Susan R. Ryan; Matthew J. Price; Karma J. Cleveland; Jacqueline N. Pugh; Jillisa H. Milner; Meredith H. Johnson; INSPECTOR GENERAL DEPT OF DEFENSE ARLINGTON VA
|
| Who Should Read This Report and Why? Managers of DoD information systems should read this report because it emphasizes the importance of continuity of operations planning for critical systems that may be disrupted during disasters. Background: On August 29, 2005, Hurricane Katrina devastated the Gulf Coast states of Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and Florida with Category 3 winds and torrential rain. This audit report is the first in a planned series ... |
|
| Logistics: Use of DoD Resources Supporting Hurricane Katrina Disaster |
16 OCT 2006 |
63 pages |
| Authors:
Wanda A. Scott; Donald A. Bloomer; Keith M. Owens; Leon D. Bryant; Takia A. Matthews; Bryan M. Chavez; Anthony M. Torres; Alan J. Woolard; Jacqueline N. Pugh; OFFICE OF THE DEPUTY INSPECTOR GENERAL FOR AUDITING OF THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE ARLINGTON VA
|
| We performed the audit in response to a September 2005 request by the Principal Deputy Inspector General, DoD to assess the use of DoD resources in providing relief efforts in support of the Hurricane Katrina disaster, and the impact on readiness resulting from the DoD resources affected by Hurricane Katrina and those supporting the relief efforts. The Secretary of Homeland Security is responsible for coordinating Federal operations within the United ... |
|
| The Mesoscale Forecasting Process: Applying the Next Generation Mesoscale Forecast |
05 OCT 2006 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
Calvin C. Naegelin; Paul J. McCrone; AIR FORCE WEATHER AGENCY OFFUTT AFB NE
|
| The weather forecast effort has progressed a long way past its embryonic stage of the barotropic forecast. Both computer power and our knowledge of atmospheric processes have increased substantially over the years, allowing for the classification of many weather phenomena into scales, including the global/hemispheric scale, the synoptic scale, the mesoscale, and the microscale. These scales represent the cascade of energy that occurs in the atmosphere, with hemispheric features providing ... |
|
| International Heliophysical Year SCINDA Workshop/Abstract |
01 OCT 2006 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
Abebe Kebede; Jyoti Nair; NORTH CAROLINA AGRICULTURAL AND TECHNICAL SATE UNIV GREENSBORO DEPT OF PHYSICS
|
| The first Heliophysical Year International SCINDA Workshop was held at Sal, Cape Verde, during the period of July 10-14, 2006. This 5-day workshop was organized by Air Force Research Laboratory, NC A&T State University, the and Instituto Nacional De Metereologica E Geofisica Republico De Cabo Verde (INMG). Representatives from Nigeria, Ethiopia, Cape-Verde, Cote D Ivoire, Malaysia and Congo Brazzaville participated in the workshop. The overall goals of the workshop were ... |
|
| Contaminant Fate/Transport Modeling for Environmental Consequences of IPET Task 9 |
OCT 2006 |
69 pages |
| Authors:
Mark S. Dortch; Mansour Zakikhani; Sung-Chan Kim; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS ENVIRONMENTAL LAB
|
| This report documents mathematical model studies conducted to evaluate the environmental impacts of Hurricane Katrina. One of the primary environmental concerns associated with Hurricane Katrina was the impacts to ecological resources stemming from contaminants that were released into the floodwaters and subsequently pumped into surrounding water bodies outside the levee system. Contaminant concentrations within the water column and sediment bed were computed for two environmentally important water bodies, Lake Pontchartrain ... |
|
| Cognitive Network Computer for Atmospheric Monitoring |
OCT 2006 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Douglas Holzhauer; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB ROME NY INFORMATION DIRECTORATE
|
| The Air Force has an interest in advanced technology development aimed at monitoring environmental conditions. Weather is one specific environmental condition of significant interest to the military since it affects so many missions. Knowledge of atmospheric conditions in general, and knowledge about specific weather conditions in mission-critical regions, can be very beneficial to operational forces. However, specific atmospheric conditions are not always easy to obtain. Furthermore, timely processing and interpretation ... |
|
| Diode Laser Diagnostics of High Speed Flows (Postprint) |
OCT 2006 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Skip Williams; Dominic Barone; Todd Barhorst; Kevin Jackson; K. C. Lin; Pat Masterson; Qingchun Zhao; Andrew D. Sappey; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH PROPULSION DIRECTORATE
|
| This document contains the specific requirements and preliminary results for the Optical Mass Capture (OMC) experiment for the Fundamental RESearch Hypersonic Flight experimentation (FRESH Fx) program. The objective of this effort is to develop and demonstrate in flight a diode-laser-based measurement of engine air mass capture in the inlet or isolator of a hypersonic vehicle over an altitude range of 60,000-90,000 ft with an average Mach number of 7.5 over ... |
|
| Technical and Scientific Evaluation of EM-APEX in Hurricane Frances |
30 SEP 2006 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas B. Sanford; James B. Girton; WASHINGTON UNIV SEATTLE APPLIED PHYSICS LAB
|
| The EM-APEX, a new autonomous sensor platform, capable of making long-duration measurements of ocean velocity profiles in inhospitable environments, was the focus of this project, aimed to increase our understanding of the capabilities of the EM-APEX, as well as to advance our scientific understanding of air-sea interaction under hurricanes using the first dataset from EM-APEX. Our objectives, approach, scientific tasks, results, both scientific and technical, are discussed in this Final ... |
|
| Characterizing Cirrus Clouds for Their Impact on Airborne Defensive Laser Systems |
29-Sep-2006 |
65 pages |
| Authors:
Donald C Norquist; Paul R Desrochers; Patrick J McNicholl; John R Roadcap; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB HANSCOM AFB MA SPACE VEHICLES DIRECTORATE
|
| This study describes the collection of field measurements of cirrus clouds during an eleven-month period over Hanscom AFB, MA, and how those measurements were used to estimate laser transmittance through the cirrus. Using ground-based radar and lidar measurements as a reference, it is shown that radiosonde observations can better detect the presence and geometric attributes of cirrus layers than can geostationary satellites. In comparing satellite retrievals of ice particle size ... |
|
| Venezuela: A Full-Year Study |
15 SEP 2006 |
37 pages |
| Authors:
Melody Higdon; AIR FORCE COMBAT CLIMATOLOGY CENTER ASHEVILLE NC
|
| This Country Climatology Digest is a climatological study of Venezuela. After describing the geography and major meteorological features of the entire region, the study discusses in detail the climatic controls of Venezuela's weather. Each "season" is defined and discussed in considerable detail with an emphasis on general weather, hazards, clouds, visibility, winds, precipitation, and temperature. The report contains 45 colored maps depicting Venezuela's seasonal variations in climate. |
|
| Astana, Kazakhstan: A Full-Year Study |
15 SEP 2006 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Melody Higdon; AIR FORCE COMBAT CLIMATOLOGY CENTER ASHEVILLE NC
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| This Country Climatology Digest is a climatological study of Astana, Kazakhstan. After describing the geography and major meteorological features of the entire region, the study discusses in detail the climatic controls of Astana's weather. Each "season" is defined and discussed in considerable detail with an emphasis on general weather, hazards, clouds, visibility, winds, precipitation, and temperature. The report contains 15 colored maps depicting Astana's seasonal variations in climate, and 12 ... |
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| Observed and Simulated Temporal and Spatial Variations of Gap Outflow Region |
SEP 2006 |
79 pages |
| Authors:
Robin C. Cherrett; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| This study focuses on understanding the development of gap outflow and the air-sea interaction processes during the 26 February 2004 Tehuano event over the Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico. The Navy's Coupled Ocean Atmospheric Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPSTM) was used to simulate the gap wind event and was compared to satellite, scatterometer, and coincident in situ aircraft and dropsondes measurements collected during the Gulf of Tehuantepec Experiment (GOTEX). Comparisons between model ... |
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| Modeling and Characterization of Microbarom Signals in the Pacific |
SEP 2006 |
70 pages |
| Authors:
Milton Garces; Mark Willis; HAWAII UNIV KAILUA-KONA INFRASOUND LAB
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| Naturally occurring sources of infrasound include (but are not limited to) severe weather, volcanoes, bolides, earthquakes, surf, mountain waves, and, the focus of this research, nonlinear ocean wave interactions. Man-made sources of infrasound also exist, such as airplane activity, military testing, rocket launches, and nuclear explosions (Bedard and Georges, 2000). Due to its low frequency, infrasound can travel global distances with relatively low attenuation while higher frequency audible sound is ... |
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| Metrics of METOC Forecast Performance and Operational Impacts on Carrier Strike Operations |
SEP 2006 |
116 pages |
| Authors:
Jeremy Callahan; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF METEOROLOGY
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| We have developed metrics of the performance and operational impacts of METOC support to strike operations conducted on operational aircraft carriers (CVs). Our goal was to assess that support and make recommendations on improving it. We adapted an existing automated real time METOC metrics system, which was developed for land based training missions, for use on CVs by developing a new data collection form, new metrics, and new collection, analysis, ... |
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Meteorology
