| Heat Stress Control and Heat Casualty Management |
07 MAR 2003 |
73 pages |
| Authors:
M. N. Sawka; C. B. Wenger; S. J. Montain; M. A. Kolka; B. Bettencourt; S. Flinn; J. Gardner; W. T. Matthew; M. Lovell; C. Scott; ARMY RESEARCH INST OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE NATICK MA
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 | This technical bulletin provides doctrine to the US Army health care providers and allied medical personnel to: a. Develop an evidence-based preventive program to protect military personnel from heat stress and associated adverse health effects; b. Understand the diagnosis and treatment of heat casualties, exertional heat injury and exertional heat stroke; c. Understand the physiologic responses and adaptations to heat (chapter 2); d. Implement procedures on managing heat stress (chapter ... |
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| Immune Response in Breast Cancer Sentinel Nodes |
05 MAR 2003 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Nancy J. Poindexter; M D ANDERSON CANCER CENTER HOUSTON TX
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| Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy allows identification of the first-draining lymph node from the site of primary tumors, Identification of tumor in these nodes predicts the metastatic potential of tumors. We tested the hypothesis that SLNs are the primary site of antigen specific T cell activation. And, the activation state of dendritic cells (DC) in SLNs is predictive of the immune status of tumors. Paraffin embedded SLNs from breast cancer ... |
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| Tissue Specific Activation and Inactivation of the Neu Proto-Oncogene in Transgenic Mice Using Cre Recombinase |
05 MAR 2003 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Eran R. Andrechek; William Muller; MCMASTER UNIV HAMILTON (ONTARIO)
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| Breast cancer is a prevalent, yet poorly understood disease. Of the women afflicted with breast cancer, 20-30 % of cases contain amplified and overexpressed ErbB2 (Neu, HER2). In order to examine the role of ErbB2 in mammary gland development and tumorigenesis, I have sought to both create mice containing a mammary specific knockout of ErbB2 and a mammary specific activation of the oncogenic form of ErbB2. To achieve these goals, ... |
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| Can Radiography Be Used to Exclude Negative Margins in Breast Cancer Specimens? |
05 MAR 2003 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Jessica Leung; BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL BOSTON MA
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| Achieving tumor-free margins is an important clinical goal in breast conservation surgery for the treatment of breast cancer. This prospective observational study was designed to answer: can radiography be used to exclude negative margins in breast cancer specimens? Ninety-seven cancers in 95 patients were included in this study. Pathology was used as the gold standard in specimen analysis, each containing 6 (superior, inferior, lateral, medial, anterior, posterior) margins. Of the ... |
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| Signal Transduction Pathway in Maspin-induced Tumor Suppression of Prostate Cancer |
05 MAR 2003 |
158 pages |
| Authors:
Karl X. Chai; UNIVERSITY OF CENTRAL FLORIDA ORLANDO
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| The original purpose was to identify a receptor for maspin, a serpin tumor suppressor of breast and prostate cancers. Prostasin and hepsin serine proteases were examined as candidates. Prostasin was found to be down-regulated in high-grade prostate cancers and absent in invasive prostate and breast cancer cells, in which prostasin promoter hypermethylation was found. Prostasin was shown to be an invasion suppressor, via its GPI-anchored membrane form. Prostasin is involved ... |
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| Enhancing Malaria Vaccine Development by the Naval Medical Research Center |
01 MAR 2003 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
David D. Hile; Debra J. Trantolo; CAMBRIDGE SCIENTIFIC INC CAMBRIDGE MA
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| A biopolymeric delivery system provided an effective new method for the introduction of plasmid DNA vaccines designed against malaria. During Milestone I of this Phase II project, the feasibility of this vaccine/polymer system was ascertained via characterization of plasmid impregnation and particle morphology. Particles of poly(D,L-lactide-co- glycolide) (PLGA) with incorporated DNA plasmid were developed for systemic administration of DNA plasmids for use as a malaria vaccine. Objectives in Milestone I ... |
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| Physical Fitness and the Expeditionary Air Force |
MAR 2003 |
85 pages |
| Authors:
Elizabeth T. Lewis; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSONAFB OH
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| The Air Force is constantly evolving. With the many changes and the Expeditionary Air Force structure put in place, it is more important now than ever that the Air Force bas a physical fitness program to keep its members healthy and productive. By doing this, it can ensure success in completing the Air Force mission while keeping the organization at the highest level of readiness possible. This thesis looks at ... |
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| Interactions of Subsymptomatic Doses of Sarin With Pyridostigmine - Neurochemical, Behavioral, and Physiological Effects |
MAR 2003 |
101 pages |
| Authors:
Oscar U. Scremin; Tsung-Ming Shih; Donald J. Jenden; BRENTWOOD BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH INST LOS ANGELES CA
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| This report describes the effects of treatment with low levels of the cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitors Sarin (0.5 LDSO s.c. 3 times weekly) and pyridostigmine bromide (PB, 80 mg/L in drinking water) alone or in combination for 3 weeks as compared with untreated controls. At 2, 4 and 16 weeks after exposure, we studied the brain regional levels of glucose utilization (rCGU), as well as electroencephalographic activity, heart rate and locomotor ... |
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| Mid-Atlantic Microbial Pathogenesis Meeting |
MAR 2003 |
104 pages |
| Authors:
R. M. Roop; EAST CAROLINA UNIV GREENVILLE NC
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| The first Mid-Atlantic Microbial Pathogenesis Meeting was held on February 3-5, 2003 at Wintergreen Resort in Wintergreen, Virginia One hundred and forty-five (145) principal investigators, postdoctoral fellows and graduate and undergraduate students from institutions in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Maryland, the District of Columbia, Virginia, North Carolina and Louisiana participated in the meeting Fifty-five (55) student travel awards of $350 each were made to all of the students and postdoctoral fellows ... |
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| Soy Supplementation and Prostate Cancer Prevention |
MAR 2003 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Electra D. Paskett; OHIO STATE UNIV COLUMBUS
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| This project is conducting a randomized double-blind clinical trial to assess the ability of a soy protein dietary supplement to reduce prostate cancer risk in older men. A total of 120 men (60 white and 60 African-American) aged 50 years or older with high PSA levels but normal prostate biopsies will be randomized into one of two groups (soy protein supplementation with isoflavones or casein protein supplementation). The specific aims ... |
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| Mixing and Processing of Complex Biological Fluids |
MAR 2003 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Dorian Liepmann; CALIFORNIA UNIV BERKELEY SPONSORED PROJECTS OFFICE
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| The primary deliverables for this research project have been the ability to predict the characteristics of the flow of complex biological fluids including viscoelastic fluids and blood, and the effect of microfluidic control on the makeup and molecular structure of biological fluids. For this project, we focused on two critical fluids that are biologically significant and that are of critical importance to DoD: DNA-laden fluids for early identification and diagnosis ... |
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| The BEST Lung Cancer Program (Biology, Education, Screening, Chemoprevention, and Treatment) |
MAR 2003 |
64 pages |
| Authors:
Waun K. Hong; Fadlo R. Khuri; M D ANDERSON CANCER CENTER HOUSTON TX
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| Our long-term objectives are to define the molecular processes contributing to lung cancer development and progression in order to recognize genetic and phenotypic changes early enough to be reversed with molecularly- targeted therapy and to develop innovative therapeutic approaches to lung cancer. Therefore, the specific goals of this program are to understand molecular alterations in lung cancer, develop lung cancer prevention strategies, and implement experimental molecular approaches to lung cancer. ... |
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| CA2+ Receptor, Prostate Cancer and Bone Metastases |
MAR 2003 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Edward M. Brown; BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL BOSTON MA
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| While bony metastases of prostate cancer are often osteoblastic, excessive bone resorption also occurs, which contributes to skeletal complications (e.g., pain, fractures) . This research evaluates whether prostate cancer cells express the extracellular calcium (Ca2+0) - sensing receptor (CaSR) and whether the CaSR in bony metastases of prostate cancer participates in a vicious cycle involving CaSR-mediated secretion of the bone-resorbing cytokine, parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) . The secreted PTHrP would ... |
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| An Analysis of Peacetime Medical Workload and Staffing: Should Medical Readiness be Viewed Through a Peacetime Lens? |
MAR 2003 |
205 pages |
| Authors:
George L. Dyer. III; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| There is concern that the current approach to the peacetime medical mission of Navy Medicine does not adequately address the need to provide its personnel with the skill sets necessary for the surgically intensive environment associated with the wartime mission Navy Medicine has shifted its focus on the delivery of health care over the last decade from treatment and intervention to prevention, health promotion and population health initiatives. This focus ... |
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| An Analysis of the Nurse Internship Program at Naval Medical Center San Diego |
MAR 2003 |
149 pages |
| Authors:
Elizabeth K. Gillard; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| This thesis examines the implementation elements of the Nurse Internship Program (NIP) at Naval Medical Center San Diego. The NIP provides nurses with no or little nursing experience an opportunity to participate in professional development as United States Navy Nurse Corps officers. The resolution to implement a NIP requires resource allocation decisions and commitment from top leaders in the organization. A review of adult learning and teaching methods is presented ... |
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| A Qualitative Examination of the Administrative Process of Fleet Enlisted Personnel in Various Medical Categories |
MAR 2003 |
138 pages |
| Authors:
Lenora B. P. Weatherford; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| The purpose of this research is to examine the medical management process of placing and monitoring active duty fleet enlisted personnel in a temporary medical duty status and its impact on fleet readiness. Due to the variety of medical categories this research focuses primarily on personnel placed in Temporary Limited Duty and Medical Hold. Personnel in medical status "limbo" decrease readiness and cost the Navy millions of personnel dollars each ... |
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| Endometase in Androgen-Repressed Human Prostate Cancer |
MAR 2003 |
58 pages |
| Authors:
Qing-Xiang A. Sang; FLORIDA STATE UNIV TALLAHASSEE
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| The spread of prostate cancer cells to other parts of the body is the leading cause of patient death. In 2000, we reported the discovery, cloning, and characterization of human matrix metalloproteinase-26 (MMP-26), endometase. We have been testing three specific hypotheses: 1) The expression levels of MMP-26 is correlated with the metastatic potentials and the degrees of malignancy of human prostate cells; 2)MMP-26 has unique structure and enzymatic function; 3) ... |
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| Molecular Mechanisms of Essential Fatty Acids and Metabolites in Regulation of Prostate Cancer Cells |
MAR 2003 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Charles Y. Young; MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER MN
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| Prostate cancer is a heterogeneous disease for which the only effective treatments for organ-confined cancer at this time include radical surgery, radiation or androgen ablation/hormonal therapy. But advanced prostate cancer is almost no cure. Effective ways to prevent and/or treat advanced prostate cancer are needed. Our recent work has shown that a terminal metabolite, 15-deoxy-deltal2,l4- prostaglandin J2,(15d-PGJ2), of some essential polyunsaturated fatty acids can induce cell death of human and ... |
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| Permanent Implantation Brachytherapy for Prostate Cancer Using a Mixture of Radionuclides with Different Half Lives |
MAR 2003 |
66 pages |
| Authors:
Nath Ravinder; YALE UNIV NEW HAVEN CT SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
|
| The objective of the project is to test whether the therapeutic effectiveness of permanent implant brachytherapy for prostate cancer can be improved by using a combination of short and long half life radionuclides simultaneously. A theoretical model for continuous low dose rate irradiation using a mixture of radionuclides has been developed. Experiments have been performed using BA1112 tumor cells and Chinese Hamster cells growing in vitro and BA1112 cells growing ... |
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| Experimental Treatment of Prostate Cancer Models with Rh2, an Isolated Ginsenoside Compound |
MAR 2003 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Xiaowei S. Xie; BRITISH COLUMBIA UNIV VANCOUVER
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| Ginseng is commonly used in herbal preparations for traditional Chinese medicine Rh2, one of the ginsenosides, has been shown to suppress growth%th and induce apoptosis in a number of cancer cell lines both in vitro and in vivo To evaluate the combined efficacy of RH2 and two chemotherapeutic agents, Taxol and mitoxantrone, mice bearing the LNCaP prostate tumor xenograft were treated with corn oil (po) and saline (iv), Rh2 (50 ... |
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| Development of Anti-Cancer Therapeutics that Modulate the RAD51-BRCA2 Complex |
MAR 2003 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Edward P. Hasty; TEXAS UNIV HEALTH SCIENCE CENTER AT SANANTONIO
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| Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in America and breast cancer is particularly threatening for women In America 10% of women will be diagnosed with breast cancer resulting in the death of more than 40,000 of these women each year. Inheriting a single defect in genetic material causes about 5% of the cases of breast cancer and a gene that is commonly mutated in these familial cases ... |
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| Characterization of a Novel Nuclear Hormone Receptor Coactivator, Uba3, and its Function in Breast Cancer |
MAR 2003 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Andrew P. Dennis; Bert W. O'Malley; Zafar Nawaz; BAYLOR COLL OF MEDICINE HOUSTON TX
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| We previously identified Uba3 as a nuclear hormone receptor coactivator that functions as part of the NEDD8 pathway to influence ER- and PR- mediated transcription. Although our previous model failed to demonstrate the connection between Uba3, the NEDD8 pathway, and transcription, we now have sufficient evidence to suggest the NEDD8 pathway is linked to ER- and PR- mediated transcription via the SCF E3 ligase complex. Here we show that Skpl ... |
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| Undergraduate Summer Fellowships in Breast Cancer Research |
MAR 2003 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Samuel C. Brooks; WAYNE STATE UNIV DETROIT MI
|
| The Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute (KCI) is dedicated to training young scientists for careers in research. The intent of this application is to broaden the number of students that can participate in KCI's undergraduate summer training program by creating a focused program utilizing the established Breast Cancer Program of our Comprehensive Cancer Center. It is our intent to recruit promising undergraduate science majors, give them the opportunity to take ... |
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| Targeting Breast Cancer Vasculature |
MAR 2003 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Erkki Ruoslahti; BURNHAM INST LA JOLLA CA
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| The main problems with current cancer therapies, including those for breast cancer, are that they are only partially effective and highly toxic. We work on a strategy that enhances the efficacy of anti-tumor therapies, while simultaneously decreasing the side effects. Our target is the vasculature of tumors. Tumor cells depend on blood supply and the tumor vasculature is accessible through the blood stream. An added advantage is that the vasculature ... |
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| Locating a Prostate Cancer Susceptibility Gene on the X Chromosome by Linkage Disequilibrium Mapping Using Three Founder Populations in Quebec and Switzerland |
MAR 2003 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
William D. Foulkes; MONTREAL GENERAL HOSPITAL (QUEBEC) RESEARCH INST
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| The funded proposal has not yet begun at all sites. We have yet to receive the SPA for the Chicoutimi site but we are confident that this will happen shortly as all the necessary documents have been sent for final review by the Army. Due to the delay with ethics approval, we applied and received a "no cost extension" for this proposal. At the Montreal site, 153 participants have consented ... |
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| Interactions Between Cell Cycle Control Proteins and the Androgen Receptor in Prostate Cancer |
MAR 2003 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
I. B. Weinstein; J. T. Lim; COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK
|
| This project is based on our discovery that cyclin dependent kinase 6 (CDK6) can markedly stimulate the transcriptional activity of the androgen receptor (AR) in human prostate cancer cells. The research performed during the past year has confirmed and extended these findings and provided insights into the underlying mechanisms. Thus, we found that CDK6 can physically associate with the AR in vivo. Using a series of truncated and mutant forms ... |
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| Infectivity-Enhanced Adenoviruses for Improved Replicative Oncolysis |
MAR 2003 |
218 pages |
| Authors:
David T. Curiel; ALABAMA UNIV IN BIRMINGHAM
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| We have been developing conditionally replicative adenoviral agents (CRADs) for prostate cancer gene therapy. We have sought to improve these agents by increasing their infectivity for tumor targets and by enhancing the specificity of their replication exclusively within tumor targets. |
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| Ack-1 Tyrosine Kinase Regulates Integrin Signaling Leading to Breast Cell Migration |
MAR 2003 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Katarzyna Modzelewska; Patricia J. Keely; WISCONSIN UNIV-MADISON
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| Appropriate interactions between breast cells and the ECM via alpha2beta 1 integrin help to establish normal cellular structure and differentiation. During transformation to a carcinoma, these normal interactions with the ECM are profoundly altered, resulting in cells that lose their specialization and lose control of their growth. Ultimately, these cells become invasive, and then migrate through the connective tissue environment to form distant metastases. We have previously found that Ack ... |
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| Regulated Transformation of Mammary Epithelial Cells by Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 |
MAR 2003 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Neil A. Bhowmick; Harold Moses; VANDERBILT UNIV MEDICAL CENTER NASHVILLE TN
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| We report that MMTV-DNIIR female mice have accelerated mammary gland differentiation during early pregnancy with impaired development during late pregnancy and lactation followed by delayed post-lactational involution. Mammary tumors, mostly carcinoma in situ, developed spontaneously in the MMTV-DNIIR mice with a long median latency (27.5 months). Invading carcinoma cells in MMTV-DNIIR animals showed loss of DNIIR transgene expression as determined by in situ hybridization. The data indicate that signaling from ... |
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| The Role of Beta-Catenin in Mammary Gland Development and Breast Cancer |
MAR 2003 |
37 pages |
| Authors:
Mercy Chen; Jeffrey Rosen; BAYLOR COLL OF MEDICINE HOUSTON TX
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| Many of the molecular events that control normal development of the mammary gland are the same events that, when misregulated, result in cancer. Therefore, the understanding of normal developmental processes in the mammary gland is a crucial first step to rational design of therapeutics which target these systems in breast cancer. The Wnt family of genes, which were first identified for their role in mouse mammary tumorigenesis, initiate a signaling ... |
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| Deciphering the Molecular Mechanisms of Breast Cancer |
MAR 2003 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Ramin Shiekhattar; WISTAR INST OF ANATOMY AND BIOLOGY PHILADELPHIA PA
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| Accumulating evidence indicates that BRCAl is a component of large molecular weight complexes. BARD1-BRCAl is reported to be one such complex containing BRCAl. To date, there has been no attempt to purify BARD1-containing complexes. Biochemical purification can yield valuable insights into the polypeptide composition and the functional role of multiprotein complexes. Although the genetic approaches have been successful in defining the genes that are mutated in breast cancer, functional understanding ... |
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| A Novel Apoptotic Molecular Bok for the Treatment of Breast Cancer |
MAR 2003 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Geoffrey Bartholomeusz; M D ANDERSON CANCER CENTER HOUSTON TX
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| This current proposal is based on previous publications that (1) the proapoptotic Bcl-2 family member Bok, is capable of exerting growth inhibition on cancer cells growing in tissue culture, and (2) the apoptotic activity of Bok is not inhibited by the anti- apoptotic molecules Bcl-2 and Bclx(L). To further investigate the anti-tumor activity of Bok on breast cancer and to develop a Bok gene therapy for breast cancer, we have ... |
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| Analysis of Human AXIN2 and Other Wnt Signal Pathway Genes in Human Prostate Cancer |
MAR 2003 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Xianshu Wang; MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER MN
|
| Upregulation of cyclin D1, a key regulator of cell cycle, by elevated beta-catenin through the disruption of Wnt signaling pathway is often seen in colon cancer and breast cancer. Cyclin D1 overexpression is also reported in about 25% of human prostate cancer where only about 5% mutation in beta catenin is found. Human AXIN2 and other components in the Wnt signaling pathway may also contribute to cyclin D1 elevation. |
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| A Unique Class of Topoisomerase Mutants That Are Hypersensitive to Multiple Antitumor Agents |
MAR 2003 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
Erin K. O'Reilly; Kenneth Kreuzer; DUKE UNIV MEDICAL CENTER DURHAM NC
|
| The goal of this research is to understand the detailed mechanism of action of antitumor drugs that target type II topoisomerases. Previous analysis showed that a drug resistant bacteriophage T4 mutant harbored two amino acid substitutions (S79F, G269V) in topoisomerase subunit gp52. When both mutations are present, the G269V substitution suppresses a topoisomerase negative phenotype caused by the S79F substitution while the G269V substitution by itself was shown to confer ... |
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| Development of a Novel Methodology for Improving CTL Recognition of Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) for the Immunotherapy of Prostate Cancer |
MAR 2003 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
John G. Frelinger; ROCHESTER UNIV NY
|
| The major goal of the research was to develop a novel methodology for improving T cell epitopes. The underlying hypothesis is that T cells capable of recognizing tumor-associated antigens (TAA) are present but often difficult to activate. However, once activated such T cells might be effective against tumors due to the less stringent triggering requirements of mature effectors. We developed a novel bacterial expression system for screening the epitopes of ... |
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| Improving Clinical Diagnosis Through Change Detection in Mammography |
MAR 2003 |
166 pages |
| Authors:
Yue-Joseph Wang; CATHOLIC UNIV OF AMERICA WASHINGTON DC
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| Temporal change of mass lesions overtime is a key piece of information in computer-aided diagnosis of breast!- cancer and treatment monitoring. For a specific patient, change detection is a critical step to select lesion candidates for follow-up diagnosis performed by either clinicians or computers. The purpose of the project is to develop an automatic change detection method to quantitatively extract the clinically important changes of suspicious lesions, upgrade the existing ... |
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| Hepatocyte Growth Factor and Interleukin-6 in Prostate Cancer Bone Metastasis |
MAR 2003 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Beatrice S. Knudesen; CORNELL UNIV MEDICAL COLL NEW YORK
|
| Overview of tasks accomplished in the first year. In the first year of the award, we evaluated the design and progression of experiments of the project. We completed the first task, listed in the statement of work. In addition, I moved from Cornell University to the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center. The environment at FHCRC is conducive to abroad genome wide analysis to determine the entire spectrum of androgen-regulated growth ... |
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| A Normal Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition as a Model for Studying Metastatic Onset |
MAR 2003 |
37 pages |
| Authors:
Ryan C. Range; Davis R. McClay; DUKE UNIV DURHAM NC
|
| Genes and signaling pathways implicated in EMT and the invasiveness of breast cancers include FGF, Notch and T-box and Ets family transcription factors. One goal of this research was to examine the relationship between Tbx2/ 3, which is implicate din breast cancer, and EMT. Tbx2/3, was cloned and characterized. A polyclonal antibody was generated and functional assays performed to determine the role of Tbx2/3 during development and to link these ... |
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| Breast Cancer Screening Using Photonic Technology |
MAR 2003 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Robert R. Alfano; S ; M. Alrubaiee; W. Cai; J. A. Koutcher; CITY UNIV OF NEW YORK RESEARCH FOUNDATION
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| The research carried out on this project was aimed at developing noninvasive optical detection and diagnostic methods for breast cancer. The approaches that were developed and pursued include: (a) time-sliced near- infrared (NIR) two dimensional (2-D) transillumination imaging for direct imaging of tumors, and generating data with robust information content for 3-D image reconstruction; (b) spectroscopic 2-D NIR transillumination imaging for exploring the diagnostic potential of optical approach; (c) derivation ... |
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| Interferon Gamma and PSA-Restricted Expression of FAS Ligand: A Novel Gene Therapy Strategy for Prostate Cancer |
MAR 2003 |
41 pages |
| Authors:
Simon J. Hall; MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE NEW YORK
|
| Introduction: Preliminary studies pointed to the ability for IFN- gamma to enhance sensitivity and/or reverse resistance to Fas transactivation on prostate cancer cells and work during the past 2 years illustrated the ability of IFN-gamma to restore or enhance sensitivity to Fas transactivation in vitro. Studies exploded the usefulness of combining adenovirus mediated FasL expression with IFN-gamma, the mechanism underlying IFN-gamma effects on Fas sensitivity in human cells lines and ... |
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| Military-Relevant Infectious Diseases Endemic to Kenya-Epidemiology, Immunology, Pathophysiology, Treatment and Prevention |
MAR 2003 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Davey K. Koech; KENYA MEDICAL RESEARCH INST NAIROBI
|
| Major expansion in personnel and infrastructure took place in the first year of this Cooperative Agreement. Clinical research facilities for the evaluation of drugs and vaccines for malaria and HIV/AIDS are under construction in Kisumu and Kericho, respectively. A Phase I trial (MAL-024) in 40 malaria- exposed adults, demonstrated that MSP-1, was safe, well tolerated and immunogenic in this population. It also demonstrated that complex clinical trials can be successfully ... |
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| Ethanol and Mesolimbic Serotonin/Dopamine Interactions via 5HT-1B receptors |
MAR 2003 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Qingshan Yan; ILLINOIS UNIV AT CHICAGO
|
| According to Statement of Work, Hypothesis 1 under Specific Aim 1 was tested during Year 1 .To this end, dual-probe microdialysis was employed and the 5-HT1B receptor agonist CP 93129 used. The experiments were performed in freely- moving rats. One probe was in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and the other in the ipsilateral nucleus accumbens (NACC). Artificial cerebrospinal fluid (AC SF) alone and ACSF with three concentrations of CP ... |
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| Bone Marrow Function in Development of Childhood Asthma |
MAR 2003 |
62 pages |
| Authors:
Mary B. Hogan; Kenneth S. Landreth; WEST VIRGINIA UNIV RESEARCH CORP MORGANTOWN*
|
| Asthma is the most common reason for hospitalization of children in both military and civilian hospitals. In children with asthma, pulmonary exposure to allergen results in damage to bronchioles by invasion of eosinophils. Eosinophils are inflammatory cells, have limited life spans, and must be continually renewed from hematopoietic tissue. We have adapted an animal model of asthma for studies of the effect of pulmonary allergen exposure on eosinophil progenitor cells ... |
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| Characterization of SIRPs in Prostate Cancer Cells |
MAR 2003 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
William E. Seaman; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA INST FOR RESEARCH AND EDUCATION SAN FRANCISCO
|
| Signal regulatory proteins (SIRPs) include SIRP beta 1%, which activates cells, and SIRP alpha 1, which inhibits the cellular response to several growth factors, and which regulates cell adhesion and spreading. We demonstrated by PCR that 3 of 3 prostate cancer cell lines (PC-3, DU-145 and LNCaP) express transcripts for SIRPs. Under this contract, we generated a monoclonal antibody that recognizes both SIRP beta 1 and SIRP alpha 1, thereby ... |
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| Tyrosine Kinase Gene Expression Profiling in Prostate Cancer |
MAR 2003 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Heinz-Ulrich G. Weier; CALIFORNIA UNIV BERKELEY LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB
|
| The expression pattern of protein tyrosine kinase (tk) genes are often found altered in prostate cancer tissues. We developed a cDNA micro-array- based screening system to measure the expression levels of tk genes. The hardware for preparation of cDNA micro-arrays and basic protocols for hybridization were developed in year 1. In the year 2, we finished cDNA synthesis from prostate cancer cell lines and frozen tissue specimens. We optimized protocols ... |
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| Process Research and Development of Antibodies as Countermeasures for C. botulinum |
MAR 2003 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Michael M. Meagher; NEBRASKA UNIV LINCOLN
|
| This report describes the ongoing project to fill out shell space on the third floor and basement of Othmer Hall, the new home for the University of Nebraska-Lincoln Biological Process Development Facility. At the detailed design is completed and construction is nearly half completed with the expected completion date being December 2003. The third floor will house all of the process research capabilities, i.e. molecular biology, fermentation, cell culture, analytical ... |
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| Preconceptional Paternal Exposure to Embedded Depleted Uranium Fragments: Transmission of Genetic Damage to Offspring |
MAR 2003 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Alexandra C. Miller; HENRY M JACKSON FOUNDATION FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF MILITARY MEDICINE ROCKVILLEMD
|
| The Persian Gulf War resulted in friendly fire casualties among U.S. personnel injured by fragments of depleted uranium (DU) munitions. The demonstrated effectiveness of such weapons makes it likely that they may be used against U.S. forces in future conflicts. Uncertainty about how aggressively to remove fragments of the radioactive, chemically toxic DU has stimulated research into the long-term health consequences of embedded DU fragments. There has been no previous ... |
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| Emerging Microbial Threats to Health in the 21st Century |
MAR 2003 |
|
| Authors:
Mark S. Smolinski; Margaret A. Hamburg; Joshua Lederberg; NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES WASHINGTON DC
|
 | In 2001, an Institute of Medicine committee was charged to identify, review, and assess the current state of knowledge and policy responses pertaining to emerging microbial threats to health. Re-visiting the 1992 Institute of Medicine report, Emerging Infections: Microbial Threats to Health in the United States, the committee re-examined factors in emergence including: human demographics and behavior; microbial adaptation and change; technology and industry; economic development and land use; international ... |
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| In Vivo Testing of Chemopreventive Agents Using the Dog Model of Spontaneous Prostate Carcinogenesis |
MAR 2003 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
David J. Waters; PURDUE RESEARCH FOUNDATION LAFAYETTE IN
|
| The goal of this research was to demonstrate the feasibility of the dog model of spontaneous prostate carcinogenesis as a valuable model system to evaluate chemopreventive agents. From April 1, 2002 to March 31, 2003, we have further defined the anticancer effects of the trace mineral selenium on the aging prostate. Our work has generated the first evidence of a non-linear, U- shaped dose : response relationship between selenium status ... |
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| Novel Inhibitors of FGF Signal Transduction in Breast Cancer: Targeting the FGFR Adapter Protein SNT-1 |
MAR 2003 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Francis G. Kern; Marina S. Manuvakhova; Rongbao Li; SOUTHERN RESEARCH INST BIRMINGHAM AL
|
| FGF stimulation leads to tyrosine phosphorylation of the protein SNT- 1, which binds to activated FGF receptors. The objective of this work was to determine if SNT-1 protein had a central role in transducing the signals that lead to FGF-mediated antiestrogen resistant growth. We expressed an SNT-1 PTB domain in MCF-7 cells using a modified tetracycline inducible expression system. Upon induction of the PTB domain, we observed a significant decrease ... |
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Medicine and Medical Research
