| Estimating the Half-Lives of Key Components of the Chemical Vapor Signature of Land Mines |
SEP 2000 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Paul H. Miyares; Thomas F. Jenkins; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER HANOVER NH COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB
|
 | The qualitative composition of the chemical signature of TNT-filled land mines is predominantly the isomers of dinitrotoluene (DNT), dinitrobenzene (DNB), and trinitrotoluene (TNT). These chemicals are known to undergo transformation in aerobic conditions, creating corresponding chemicals in which one of the nitro groups has been converted to an amino function. For these signatures to be available at the ground surface for detecting buried mines, the ... |
|
| Mine Burial in the Surf Zone |
SEP 2000 |
62 pages |
| Authors:
Wayne L. Plager; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The volumetric rate of scour and burial of a MK-83 mine by waves in the swash and surf zone were measured in two experiments. The beach was near planar with a 1:40 slope and mean grain size of 0.2 mm. The deep water significant wave height was about 2 m with peak periods of 13 sec. An Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter recorded orbital velocities of the waves. ... |
|
| Use of Surface Snow Sampling to Estimate the Quantity of Explosives Residues Resulting from Land Mine Detonations |
AUG 2000 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas F. Jenkins; Thomas A. Ranney; Paul H. Miyares; Nicholas H. Collins; Alan D. Hewitt; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER HANOVER NH COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB
|
| A PMA-2 antipersonnel land mine from Yugoslavia was detonated with an M6 blasting cap on a snow-covered range at Camp Ethan Allen Training Site, Jericho, Vermont. The main charge of the PMA-2 was 100 g of TNT with 13 g of RDX as a booster. The surface that was impacted by the detonation (381 m2) was visually identified by the presence of soot, which was produced by detonation ... |
|
| Analysis of Explosives-Related Chemical Signatures in Soil Samples Collected Near Buried Land Mines |
AUG 2000 |
84 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas F. Jenkins; Marianne E. Walsh; Paul H. Miyares; Jessica A. Kopczynski; Thomas A. Ranney; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER HANOVER NH COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB
|
| Over 1000 soil samples were collected at the surface and at depth near buried TMA-5, TMM-1, PMA-1A, PMA-2, and Type 72 land mines at a research minefield at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri, in 1998 and 1999. Soil samples were extracted with acetonitrile and analyzed by GC-BCD for nitroaromatic, nitramine, and aminonitroaromatic compounds to determine the concentrations of explosives- related chemical (ERC) signatures that collect in soil ... |
|
| Final Report of the Lower Extremity Assessment Program (LEAP 99-2). Volume 2 |
AUG 2000 |
145 pages |
| Authors:
Robert M. Harris; Mark S. Rountree; Lanny V. Griffin; Roman A. Hayda; Terry Bice; ARMY INST OF SURGICAL RESEARCH FORT SAMHOUSTON TX
|
| Research conducted by Department of Defense laboratories and facilities, collaborating with leading academic institutions, has demonstrated that currently available landmine protective footwear does not prevent severe injury. This footwear potentially reduces injury severity against some antipersonnel mines. Volume II of the Lower Extremity Assessment Program (LEAP 99-2) discusses the change of injury pattern in a cadaver model wearing mine protective footwear during an antipersonnel blast mine detonation. Our analytical methodology ... |
|
| Investigation of the Interaction of Elastic Waves with Buried Mines |
12 JUL 2000 |
201 pages |
| Authors:
Waymond R. Scott Jr.; Peter H. Rogers; James S. Martin; GEORGIA INST OF TECH ATLANTA SCHOOL OFELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
|
| A system has recently been developed at Georgia Tech that exploits the advantages of seismic techniques while overcoming the implementation issues. The technique uses an interrogation sensor that detects the elastic waves in the earth without contacting the earth. A radar is currently being used as the interrogation sensor. The system employs an elastic wave source that launches a surface (Rayleigh) wave that travels over the minefield. ... |
|
| Research on Demining Technologies Joint Workshop; Proceedings Held in Ispra, Italy on 12-14 July 2000 |
JUL 2000 |
129 pages |
| Authors:
EUROPEAN RESEARCH OFFICE LONDON (UNITED KINGDOM) ARMY RESEARCH LAB
|
|
| Mine and Countermine Operations in the Battle of Kursk |
25 APR 2000 |
170 pages |
| Authors:
Andrew Remson; BRTRC INC FAIRFAX VA
|
| The Battle of Kursk was the largest "set-place" battle of World War II. At the same time, it was one of the most decisive battles of the war. The forces involved on both sides were extremely large. The Germans committed some 50 divisions (16 of them Panzer or Panzer Grenadier), more than 900,000 men, 10, 000 artillery pieces, and 2700 tanks On the Russian side, some 100 ... |
|
| Humanitarian Demining Policy |
10 APR 2000 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Michael R. Helmick; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| The United States has made significant progress in halting the proliferation of land mines and in demining twenty-five of the world's most land mine-threatened countries. U.S. policy of controlling land mines and promoting humanitarian demining remains consistent with the integrated strategic approach promulgated through the slogan "Shape, Respond, and Prepare Now". The complexity of humanitarian demining operations necessitates highly specialized approaches tailored to conditions found in ... |
|
| Characterization of Nonlinearities in the Propagation of High Frequency Seismic Waves |
APR 2000 |
169 pages |
| Authors:
Blace C. Albert; GEORGIA INST OF TECH ATLANTA
|
| An austo-electromagnetic land mine detection technique is being investigated. A two-dimensional finite-difference model for elastic waves has also been developed, but it is a purely linear model. Strong nonlinearities are typical of the soils in which mines are buried. The purpose of this thesis is to characterize these nonlinearities for the propagation of high frequency seismic waves (30 - 2000 Hz) in moist, compacted sand so ... |
|
| A Structured Approach to the Articulation of Future Mine Countermeasure Concepts |
21 MAR 2000 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Daniel E. Harris; Don W. Shepherd; COASTAL SYSTEMS STATION PANAMA CITY FL
|
| This paper presents an approach to developing a structure derived from the point of view that mine countermeasures is a core Navy function independent of whether dedicated or organic systems and platforms perform that function. It is an appreciated fact that mine countermeasures is a complex warfare task that will play an increasingly important role in naval operations as the Navy continues to implement the ... |
|
| A Numerical Analysis of the Effect of Surrogate Anti-Tank Mine Blasts onthe M113 |
MAR 2000 |
|
| Authors:
K. Williams; K. Poon; DEFENCE RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT VALCARTIER (QUEBEC)
|
 | This memorandum summarizes numerical analyses which were performed to investigate the use of a simple empirical impulse loading model as a tool for modelling blast mine loading on a structure. The empirical model was used to generate the initial velocity boundary condition for an explicit dynamic finite element analysis of the floor deformation of a simulated M113 MTVL (upgraded floor protection) subject to the detonation of ... |
|
| Antitank and Antipersonnel Mine Detection Test Results for a Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance Detection System |
MAR 2000 |
|
| Authors:
Frank S. Rotondo; Elizabeth Ayers; INSTITUTE FOR DEFENSE ANALYSES ALEXANDRIA VA
|
| This report summarizes the results of an interim test of a system that uses the nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) signature of explosives for the detection of antipersonnel (AP) and antitank (AT) land mines. The system, designed and built by Quantum Magnetics, Inc. of San Diego, California, has been funded by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) Dog's Nose Program to develop technologies using chemical-specific approaches to ... |
|
| Ultra-Wideband Radar Development for Non-Touch Terrain Sensing Application on Close Combat Support Vehicles |
MAR 2000 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Gerald V. Jung; Dave Fredrick; Marco C. Truong; Scott J. Merritts; Mitul Modi; Leonard S. Hayes; Chujen Lin; Alexander Davydov; Alan Petroff; Larry Fullerton; Justin Hernandez; ARMY TANK-AUTOMOTIVE COMMAND WARREN MI
|
| (U) Grizzly, the Army's next-generation complex obstacle breaching system, operates in a harsh environment where sand, dirt, dust, mud, obscurants, battlefield debris, varying levels of vegetation, wide temperature ranges, and ballistic shock from artillery, direct fire, and both anti-tank and anti-personnel mine are the norm. One of the mission critical capabilities of the Grizzly is to effectively breach minefields. (U) The US Army Tank and Automotive Research, Development and Engineering ... |
|
| Surface and Buried Landmine Scene Generation and Validation Using the Digital Imaging and Remote Sensing Image Generation (DIRSIG) Model |
2000 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Erin D. Peterson; Scott D. Brown; Timothy J. Hattenberger; John R. Schott; ROCHESTER INST OF TECH NY
|
| Detection and neutralization of surface-laid and buried landmines has been a slow and dangerous endeavor for military forces and humanitarian organizations throughout the world. In an effort to make the process faster and safer, scientists have begun to exploit the ever-evolving passive electro- optical realm, both from a broadband perspective and a multi or hyperspectral perspective. Carried with this exploitation is the development of mine detection algorithms that take advantage ... |
|
| Human Factors Considerations for the Tags/Minimally Guided Munitions APL Alternative |
31 DEC 1999 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Eugenia M. Kolasinski; MILITARY ACADEMY WEST POINT NY DEPT OFBEHAVIORAL SCIENCES AND LEADERSHIP
|
| In October 1997, the Department of Defense was directed to find alternatives to anti-personnel land mines (APLs) so that the US can end use of APLs by 2003 (2006 within Korea). As part of the APL alternative development process, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is investigating innovative long-term alternatives to APLs. The Tags/Minimally Guided Munitions Tags/MOM) concept is one DARPA-proposed APL alternative. The system involves guiding short-range indirect ... |
|
| A New Remote-Sensing Method for Mine Detection using HPM Irradiation andIR Detection |
DEC 1999 |
|
| Authors:
S. M. Khanna; F. Paquet; R. Apps; J. S. Seregelyi; DEFENCE RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT OTTAWA (ONTARIO)
|
| A remote-sensing method based on active high-power microwave (HPM) illumination and detection in the infrared (IR) region is described for the detection of shallow buried landmines. This method is based on different interactions of the incident HPM radiation with the mine and the surrounding soil which occur due to a difference in their complex dielectric constants. This leads to the development of a thermal signature of ... |
|
| Vapor Signatures from Military Explosives. Part 1. Vapor Transport from Buried Military-Grade TNT |
DEC 1999 |
47 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas F. Jenkins; Daniel C. Leggett; Thomas A. Ranney; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER NH
|
| Crystals of military-grade TNT were placed beneath 2.5 cm of soil in enclosed 40-mL amber vials and the accumulation of signature vapors in the headspace above the soil was determined as a function of time. Three different soils-sand, silt, and clay-were investigated at three different moisture contents: air dry, low moisture, and high moisture. Two replicates of each combination of soil type and soil moisture ... |
|
| Research of Ground-Penetrating Radar for Detection of Mines and Unexploded Ordnance: Current Status and Research Strategy |
DEC 1999 |
|
| Authors:
Anne Andrews; James Ralston; Michael Tuley; INSTITUTE FOR DEFENSE ANALYSES ALEXANDRIA VA
|
| This report documents the results of an IDA assessment of the state of research on ground penetrating radar (GPR) as applied to countermine and unexploded ordnance clearance. This report examines existing GPR research and development efforts with emphasis on missions where GPR has the potential to provide a unique capability and to achieve operationally meaningful performance. We identify data collections and analyses that will be necessary ... |
|
| Manned Testing of Fullerton Sherwood SIVA 55-VSW Underwater Breathing Apparatus (UBA) for Very Shallow Water (VSW) Mine Countermeasure (MCM) Missions |
08 NOV 1999 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Edwin T. Long; NAVY EXPERIMENTAL DIVING UNIT PANAMA CITY FL
|
| Presently, no specific diving apparatus on the Authorized for Navy Use (ANU) list meets the demands set forth by the CNO to conduct very shallow water mine countermeasure (VSW MCM) operations. NEDU was tasked to test and evaluate the Fullerton Sherwood SIVA 55-VSW Underwater Breathing Apparatus (UBA) , to determine whether it will maintain a sufficient O2 fraction to support a working diver from the surface ... |
|
| A Combat Simulation Analysis of the Amphibious Assault Vehicle in Countermine Operations |
SEP 1999 |
74 pages |
| Authors:
Dillard H. Fambroo III; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate the effectiveness of an Amphibious Assault Vehicle (AAV) as a mine countermeasure in the surf zone and beach zone (sz/bz). In order to show the utility of these approaches, this thesis presents results from three different scenarios. Scenario one provides a baseline and is conducted with the amphibious landing force moving onshore with no minefield breaching operations ... |
|
| Line Charge Insensitive Munition Warhead |
03 AUG 1999 |
|
| Authors:
Robert Woodall; Felipe Garcia; Gilberto Irizarry; DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY WASHINGTON DC
|
| A warhead has a pair of shells, each having an annular rim at one end and an opening at the other end. The rims abut one another and are fastened together to define a chamber fitted with explosive having a bore aligned with the openings. The explosive has sensitivity to detonation that requires axial detonation in the bore by a detonating cord to initiate explosion thereby preventing detonation by lesser ... |
|
| Determination of Nitroaromatic, Nitramine, and Nitrate Ester Explosives in Soil Using GC-ECD |
AUG 1999 |
47 pages |
| Authors:
Marianne E. Walsh; Thomas A. Ranney; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER NH
|
| Nitroaromatic, nitramine, and nitrate ester explosives are analytes of interest for hazardous waste site characterization and land mine detection. Traditionally determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), these thermally labile analytes may be determined by gas chromatography (GC) by using direct injection into a deactivated liner and a short (6-m) wide-bore capillary column. Gas chromatography-electron capture detector (GC-ECD) and HPLC- ultraviolet (UV) concentration estimates of these compounds in field- contaminated soils ... |
|
| A Kalman Filter-Based Approach to Target Detection and Target- Background Separation in Ground Penetrating Radar Data |
AUG 1999 |
|
| Authors:
Dragana Carevic; AERONAUTICAL AND MARITIME RESEARCH LAB MELBOURNE (AUSTRALIA)
|
| The returns from shallowly buried targets measured using Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) are typically obscured by a strong background signal comprised of the reflections from the air-soil interface. A Kalman filter-based approach is proposed to estimate this background signal and to separate it from the target return. In the absence of the target the filter operates using a "quiescent state model" in which it computes ... |
|
| Determination of Nitroaromatic, Nitramine, and Nitrate Ester Explosives in Soils Using GC-ECD |
AUG 1999 |
47 pages |
| Authors:
Marianne E. Walsh; Thomas A. Ranney; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER NH
|
|
| Multiple Autonomous Vehicle Solutions to Minefield Reconnaissance and Mapping |
15 JUL 1999 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
A. J. Healey; J. Kim; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Modeling and Simulation is an important tool for the evaluation of new concept systems. In particular, new system concepts are being developed for minefield reconnaissance and neutralization using robot vehicles. Also, with an emphasis on low cost, these systems are being focused on multi-robot capabilities using fleets of similar and dissimilar vehicles in cooperative behaviors. The problems of operating in the very shallow water areas (VSW) are increased by the ... |
|
| Statistical Signal Processing for Demining: Experimental Validation |
21 JUN 1999 |
53 pages |
| Authors:
Leslie M. Collins; DUKE UNIV DURHAM NC
|
| Under the support provided by ARO in the form of a MURI for Humanitiarian demining, successful techniques for discriminating between mines and anthropic clutter have been developed using a statistical signal processing approach. The improved performance provided by these algorithms has been validated using data obtained by DARPA. In order determine whether these algorithms have wider application than the relatively high-metallic content mines used ... |
|
| Proceedings of the Third International Technology and Mine Problem Symposium, 6-9 April 1998, Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California (CD-ROM) |
08 JUN 1999 |
|
| Authors:
NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| ELECTRONIC FILE CHARACTERISTICS: 132 files; Adobe Acrobat, QuickTime sound PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: 1 CD-ROM; 4 3/4 in.; 47.8MB SYSTEMS DETAIL NOTE: PC-compatible; requires CD-ROM drive and sound card ABSTRACT: The Mine Problem is captured in this symposium using a metaphor of the following 5 pillars: 1) Mine Design and Technology - The Problem of World-wide Proliferation; 2) Naval Mine Warfare - Offensive and Defensive; 3) Land Mine Warfare - Offensive and ... |
|
| United States Army Operations Under the Ottawa Convention: Mine Warfare without Antipersonnel Landmines |
04 JUN 1999 |
117 pages |
| Authors:
Jon N. Jones; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS
|
| This thesis explores the impacts of the Ottawa Convention ban of antipersonnel landmines on U.S. Army operations. The Unites States has not signed the convention, but the thesis explores the impacts should the U.S. decide to abide by this international agreement The thesis looks at the history of landmine warfare, the provisions of the Ottawa Convention, the specific functions of antipersonnel landmines, and the ability of other systems to replace ... |
|
| Replacing the Antipersonnel Landmine in the Force Protection Role |
17 MAY 1999 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Lance P. Sprowls; NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI
|
| Although FM 20-32 prescribes protective minefields to "provide the defender with close-in protection during the enemy's final assault, the U.S. military will soon be banned from using antipersonnel landmines (APL) meet this force protection role. The magnitude of human suffering resulting from landmines has caused the world humanitarian and diplomatic communities to join forces in September 1997 to produce the Ottawa Convention, a treaty that bans ... |
|
| Operational Impact of the U.S. Anti-Personnel Land Mine Ban |
13 MAY 1999 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Paul L. Aswell; NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI
|
| On March 1, 1999, the Ottawa Mine Ban Treaty (the Convention on the Prohibition, Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on Their Destruction) went into force. The NCA directed that the Department of Defense have alternatives to anti-personnel land (APL) mines in place so that by the year 2006 we end the use of all APL mines. It is unlikely alternative new technologies will ... |
|
| The Psychological Effects of Anti-Personnel Landmines: A Standard to which Alternatives can be Compared |
12 APR 1999 |
67 pages |
| Authors:
Eugenia M. Kolasinski; MILITARY ACADEMY WEST POINT NY DEPT OFBEHAVIORAL SCIENCES AND LEADERSHIP
|
| On September 17, 1997, President Clinton announced that, by the year 2003, the U.S. will no longer use anti-personnel landmines (APLs) outside of Korea and, within Korea, the goal is to have APL alternatives ready by 2006. It is desired that APL alternatives have the same psychological effects as APLs without the negative humanitarian aspects. However, in order to replicate the psychological effects of APLs, ... |
|
| An Evaluation of the U.S. Policy on Anti-Personnel Landmines |
07 APR 1999 |
54 pages |
| Authors:
Dale A. Carr; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| Landmines have received a great deal of attention. Debating their utility has become a major military/humanitarian issue. Current U.S. policy on anti-personnel landmines (APL) consists of three major positions. The first position is banning the use, stockpiling, production, and transfer of APL. The second position is to develop APL alternatives through aggressive research and development. The last position is to improve mine detection and clearing technology for current and future ... |
|
| The Ottawa Treaty and Coalition Warfare: An Unholy Alliance? |
01 APR 1999 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Kevin J. Weddle; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| The purpose of this study is to show how the United States and our coalition partners have failed to fully consider the impact of the recently signed Ottawa Treaty to ban Anti-Personnel Landmines (APLs) on our ability to execute successful coalition warfare. This paper describes the serious implications for NATO and Coalition operations in view of the bulk of our Allies signing the Ottawa Treaty banning the use of all ... |
|
| Desensitized Firing Circuit |
23 MAR 1999 |
|
| Authors:
Thomas W. Crilly; Leonard S. Haynes; Charles A. Rowzee; DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY WASHINGTON DC
|
| The invention pertains to a desensitized firing circuit has a pair of diodes, a resistor, and a severable wire loop used in combination with an existing firing circuit. With the severable wire loop intact, current flow through the resistor is shunted to ground, and the circuit operates in a sensitive mode. With the loop severed, current flows through the resistor and one of the diodes to the base of an ... |
|
| Environmental Sensitivity Study of Mine Impact Burial Prediction Model |
MAR 1999 |
66 pages |
| Authors:
Victoria L. Taber; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The Navy's Impact Burial Prediction Model creates a two dimensional time history of a bottom mine as it falls through air, water, and sediment. The output of the model is the predicted burial depth of the mine in the sediment in meters, as well as height, area and volume protruding. Model input consists of environmental parameters and mine characteristics, as well as parameters describing the mine's release. The model user ... |
|
| Wave Propagation Model and Simulations for Landmine Detection |
MAR 1999 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Ammar Y. Rathore; Thomas P. Weldon; NORTH CAROLINA UNIV AT CHARLOTTE DEPT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
|
| A simplified 1-dimensional transmission light model of electromagnetic waves propagation in mine fields is considered. This model might be used as a first indicator of the presence of land mines. Next, the 2D inverse algorithm would image mines. It is shown that this 1-dimensional model is in general agreement with published Army data. |
|
| Anti-Personnel Landmine (APL) Detection Technology Survey and Assessment |
MAR 1999 |
130 pages |
| Authors:
David Kerner; John Deni; Joseph Grubb; Churchill Hutton; Richard Johnson; DYNMERIDIAN ALEXANDRIA VA
|
| A survey was made of technologies and systems available to detect anti-personnel landmines for the purpose of monitoring or verifying a potential treaty-based landmine ban. A literature search revealed that numerous devices and supporting research exist for the point-source detection of anti-personnel landmines (APL), but only a few systems were found to be under development that address the more rapid detection of multiple APL and entire minefields over a wide ... |
|
| Vehicular Mounted Mine Detector (VMMD) Test of Neutron Activation Technology |
MAR 1999 |
|
| Authors:
James D. Silk; Lisa Porter; Robert Moler; INSTITUTE FOR DEFENSE ANALYSES ALEXANDRIA VA
|
| This report discusses the results of a series of tests specific to the Thermal Neutron Analysis (TNA) detector being used by Computing Devices Canada (CDC) during the Vehicular Mounted Mine Detector (VMMD) ATD demonstrations conducted at Aberdeen Proving Ground (APG), Maryland, in June 1998 and at Socorro, New Mexico, in July 1998. A TNA-specific test plan was devised to address performance issues in a thorough and systematic manner; unfortunately, there ... |
|
| Joint Doctrine for Barriers, Obstacles, and Mine Warfare |
24 FEB 1999 |
98 pages |
| Authors:
JOINT CHIEFS OF STAFF WASHINGTON DC
|
| This publication has been prepared under the direction of the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. It sets forth doctrine to govern the joint activities and performance of the Armed Forces of the United States in joint operations and provides the doctrinal basis for US military involvement in multinational and interagency operations. It provides military guidance for the exercise of authority by combatant commanders and other joint force commanders ... |
|
| The Operational Effects of Mine Warfare |
05 FEB 1999 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Steven B. Morien; NAVAL WAR COLL NEWPORT RI
|
| This paper demonstrates that naval mines are a threat to the operational commander and that there are actions he can take to reduce the operational effects of mine warfare. The first section demonstrates that mine warfare is a pertinent problem for the operational commander by examining three principle relationships. It examines the history of mine warfare from an operational perspective, warfare in the context of operational art and mine warfare ... |
|
| Influence and Outcome: The Making of a US Policy on Anti-Personnel Landmines |
1999 |
164 pages |
| Authors:
Kemp L. Chester; SOUTH CAROLINA UNIV COLUMBIA
|
| In the spring of 1996, a very public and rancorous debate ensued overthe question of whether the United States would lead, or even join in, the global effort to ban the manufacture and use of anti-personnel landmines. It wasa debate that had been dragging on for a while among foreign policy elites and defense experts both in and out of uniform. However, in a very short period of time a ... |
|
| Processing Techniques for Discrimination Between Buried UXO and Clutter Using Multisensor Array Data |
1999 |
66 pages |
| Authors:
J. Miller; B. Barrow; T. Bell; D. Keiswetter; I. J. Won; AETC INC ARLINGTON VA
|
| The overall objective of this project is to develop reliable techniques for discriminating between buried UXO and clutter using multisensors electromagnetic induction sensor array data. The basic idea is to build on existing research which exploits differences in shape between ordnance and clutter to include the effects of other distinctive properties of ordnance items (fuze bodies, driving bands, fin assemblies, etc.). During the course of this ... |
|
| Minefield Overwatch Using Moving Target Indicator Radar |
1999 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Anthony Donadio; Robert Ewing; William Kenneally; John J. SantaPietro; MITRE CORP EATONTOWN NJ
|
| Traditional antipersonnel (AP) land mines are an effective military tool, but they are unable to distinguish friend from foe, or civilian from military personnel. The concept described here uses an advanced moving target indicator (MTI) radar to scan the minefield in order to detect movement towards or within the minefield, coupled with visual identification by a human operator and a communication link for command and control. Selected mines in the ... |
|
| 'AUTO-RECORM' - BUGS: Algorithms and Cooperative Behavior for Enhancing UXO Clearance |
31 DEC 1998 |
51 pages |
| Authors:
Anthony J. Healey; J. Kim; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
|
| This report deals with the use of a multi-vehicle robotic approach to PUCA operations for UXO clearance. The NAVEODTECHDIV has the 'RECORM' vehicle - a tele-operated vehicle enabling the user to search and visually detect and classify UXO targets. The operation is being automated and combined with the use of the BUGS system of low cost robots which perform the Pick-Up and Carry Away (PUCA) operations. This report provides the ... |
|
| Model-Based Data Fusion and Discrimination of UXO in Magnetometry and EMSurveys |
25 DEC 1998 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
J. R. McDonald; Robert Grimm; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC
|
| Locating, identifying and disposing of buried UXO on the 10 million acres of contaminated lands in the continental United States is a 500 billion dollar problem. Development of new technologies with improved data analysis has been identified as a high priority triservice requirement. Using current methods, it has been shown that false alarm detections far outnumber correctly identified ordnance. The best performing technologies typically have ... |
|
| Detection and Target-Strength Measurements of Buried Objects Using a Seismo-Acoustic Sonar |
DEC 1998 |
73 pages |
| Authors:
Patrick W. Hall; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This thesis describes the results of field experiments in which seismo-acoustic interface (Rayleigh) waves were employed to detect and measure the target strength of mine-like test objects buried in the near-surf zone. These experiments were conducted as part of an ongoing NPS research program to develop a seismo-acoustic sonar system for the detection of buried mines in the surf and, near-surf zones. An experimental seismo-acoustic sonar system, using linear force ... |
|
| Environmental Impacts to the Chemical Signature Emanating from Buried Unexploded Ordnance |
DEC 1998 |
73 pages |
| Authors:
James M. Phelan; Stephen W. Webb; Daniel C. Leggett; William A. Jury; SANDIA NATIONAL LABS ALBUQUERQUE NM
|
| The goal of locating buried UXO and land mines is a significant challenge to science and technology. Technology development efforts are under way to use chemical sensors that can discriminate inert ordnance and clutter from live munitions that continue to be a threat. However, the chemical signature is affected by multiple environmental phenomena that can enhance or reduce its presence and transport behavior, and can ... |
|
| Surf Zone Mine Vulnerability |
30 Sep 1998 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Michael Karen; Joel Gaspin; Jacques Goeller; NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CENTER INDIAN HEAD DIV MD
|
| The long-term goals of the mine vulnerability task are to: (1) Identify key damage mechanisms leading to the development of kill criteria for explosive neutralization of a variety of anti-tank, and antipersonnel Surf Zone (SZ) threat mines, (2) develop and exercise a methodology for assessing the vulnerability of SZ mines to explosive mine neutralizations, (3) assess the effectiveness of various types of mine neutralization systems against SZ mines, and (4) ... |
|
| Site Characterization Investigations in Support of UXO Technology Demonstrations, Jefferson Proving Ground, Indiana |
SEP 1998 |
323 pages |
| Authors:
Jose L. Llopis; Janet E. Simms; Dwain K. Butler; John O. Curtis; Harold W. West; ARMY ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION VICKSBURG MS GEOTECHNICAL LAB
|
| Geological, geophysical, environmental, and geotechnical investigations were performed to characterize three unexploded ordnance (UXO) test sites at Jefferson Proving Ground (JPG), Indiana. The purpose of the characterization is to support: (I) Phase IV demonstrator planning and results assessment; (2) Additional assessments of Phase I-III; (3) Future use of JPG sites; and (4) Comparisons of the JPG sites with other UXO and landmine test and ... |
|
Land Mine Warfare
