| Characterization of Reaerosolization From Impingers in an Effort to Improve Airborne Virus Sampling |
Apr-2009 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
Jin-Hwa Lee; Chang-Yu Wu; Lindsey M Riemenschnelder; Dale A Lundgren; Hsing-Wang Li; Joseph D Wander; Brian K Heimbuch; FLORIDA UNIV GAINESVILLE DEPT OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCES
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 | An AGI-30 impinger containing particles (MS2 bacteriophage or 30-nm polystyrene latex (PSL)) of known concentration was operated with sterile air. Reaerosolized particles as a function of sampling flow rate and impinge collection liquid concentration were characterized using a Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer. Reaerosolization from the impinge was also compared to that from a BioSampler. Results show that the reaerosolization increases as flow rate increases. While the increased particle concentration in ... |
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| Patterning and Characterization of Carbon Nanotubes Grown in a Microwave Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition Chamber |
Mar-2009 |
127 pages |
| Authors:
Mauricio Kossler; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT/DEPT OF ENGINEERING PHYSICS
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| This research studies the growth of carbon nanotubes from a nickel catalyst to be used on a field emission device. A triode structure was created to be able to patterned the CNTs to improve the emission of electrons. Studies are performed on the effects of hydrogen pretreatment on nickel catalyst of different thicknesses and deposition methods on a silicon substrate and how it will affect the growth of carbon nanotubes ... |
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| Spectroscopic Characterization of Reactive Intermediates Relevant to Supersonic Combustion |
28-Feb-2009 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Mark A Johnson; YALE UNIV NEW HAVEN CT DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
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| Our program specializes in the spectroscopic characterization of molecular ions and reactive intermediates in ion-molecule reactions, and is closely integrated with ongoing activities at the AFRL Space Vehicles Directorate to determine the temperature dependence of ion-molecule and ion-ion reaction kinetics which are important in high-velocity (e.g., scramjet) combustion and re-entry plasma. Our role in this collaboration was to provide experimental benchmarks for bond energies, structures, and stationary points in the ... |
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| Unraveling the Nature of Chemical Reactivity of Complex Systems |
13-Jan-2009 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Kopin Liu; INSTITUTE OF ATOMIC AND MOLECULAR SCIENCES TAIPEI (TAIWAN)
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| This project was to gain fundamental understanding of the chemical reactivity of complex systems, specifically the state-correlation of product pairs in chemical reactions of polyatomic molecules, and the salvation dynamics of ion-solvent interactions that are fundamental to many important phenomena in chemistry and biology. |
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| Materials Design Through Chemical Control of Precursors |
22-Aug-2008 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Charles H El Winter; Hani M Kadri; Dezelah; Charles L IV; WAYNE STATE UNIV DETROIT MI OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND SPONSORED PROGRAMS
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| Our research project that was supported by the Army Research Office sought to develop improved metal-organic film growth precursors for Pb- and Ba-containing materials, lanthanide-containing materials, and semiconductors that contain small clusters of magnetic elements within the semiconductor matrix. These materials encompass a broad range of military and civilian applications, and their successful development will literally change the way we live. More broadly, we sought to develop chemical insight into ... |
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| Mechanical Properties of EPON 826/DEA Epoxy |
26-Jul-2008 |
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| Authors:
Jennifer L Jordan; Jason R Foley; Clive R Siviour; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB EGLIN AFB FL MUNITIONS DIRECTORATE
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 | Polymers are becoming increasingly used in aerospace structural applications, where they experience complex, non-static loads. Correspondingly, the mechanical properties at high strain rates are of increasing importance in these applications. This paper investigates the compressive properties of Epon 826 epoxy resin cured with diethynolamine (DEA) across strain rates from 10(-3) to 10(4) s(-1). Specimens were tested using an Instron mechanical testing machine for static loading, traditional split Hopkinson pressure bars ... |
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| Automated Classification of Power Signals |
01-Jun-2008 |
179 pages |
| Authors:
Ethan R Proper; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE
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| The Non-Intrusive Load Monitor (NILM) is a device that utilizes voltage and current measurements to monitor an entire system from a single reference point. The NILM and associated software convert the V/I signal to spectral power envelopes that can be searched to determine when a transient occurs. The identification of this signal can then be determined by an expert classifier and a series of these classifications can be used to ... |
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| In Situ Studies of Defect Nucleation During the PVT and CVD Growth of Silicon Carbide Single Crystals |
01-Apr-2008 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Michael Dudley; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK AT STONY BROOK DEPT OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
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| The emphasis in this project was on in situ observation of defect nucleation processes by carrying out CVD homoepitaxial growth of 6H- and 4H-SiC growth in a chamber specially designed to enable synchrotron white beam X-ray topographic (SWBXT) in situ observation of the growing crystal, both bulk and surface regions. In addition a significant amount of ex situ topographic work was carried out on wafers sliced from boules grown in ... |
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| Enhanced Field Emission Properties from Carbon Nanotube Emitters Grown on NiCr Alloy Surfaces with Grain Boundary Effect |
Apr-2008 |
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| Authors:
Setha Yim; Richiro Ohta; Jessie L Killian; Nathaniel B Zuckerman; Emily Allen; Cattien V Nguyen; ELORET CORP MOFFETT FIELD CA NASA AMES RESEARCH CENTER
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| Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are known to have exceptional field emission properties such as low turn-on voltage and high current density. Nilsson et al. reported that field emission properties depend highly on the density of the CNT films. The CNTs must have low density in order to minimize electrostatic field screening from neighboring nanotubes. At the same time, the CNT films must have a high number of emitting sites to achieve ... |
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| Manufacturing the Future: Federal Priorities for Manufacturing Research and Development. Report of the Interagency Working Group on Manufacturing R&D, Committee on Technology, National Science and Technology Council |
01-Mar-2008 |
103 pages |
| Authors:
Celia Merzbacher; Richard Russell; Jason Boehm; Dale Hall; David Stieren; Susan Skemp; NATIONAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY COUNCIL WASHINGTON DC COMMITTEE ON TECHNOLOGY
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| This report of the Interagency Working Group (IWG) on Manufacturing Research and Development (R&D) outlines three areas of opportunity for manufacturing R&D and describes critical manufacturing technology issues that need to be addressed in each area in order to make progress. areas are (1) manufacturing for the hydrogen economy; (2) nanomanufacturing; and (3) intelligent and integrated manufacturing. The report also describes Federal activities in the three areas and current and ... |
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| Advanced Thermally Stable Coal-Based Jet Fuels |
Jan-2008 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Harold Schobert; Bruce Beaver; Andre Boehman; Caroline Clifford; Dominic Santavicca; Robert Santoro; Geoffrey Wilson; PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV UNIVERSITY PARK COAL UTILIZATION CENTER
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| The contract year represented a no-cost extension on the original contract. Work was continued on the use of solvent extraction of coal to produce a material suitable for further hydrotreating to the coal-based JP-8 fuel. This switch to solvent extraction instead of relying on the refined chemical oil used previously i in full agreement with recommendations provided by RAND. Exploratory work was begun to evaluate the possible production of nuclear ... |
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| Advances in SiGeSn Technology |
01-Dec-2007 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Jose Menendez; John Kouvetakis; Richard A Soref; John Tolle; Vijay D'Costa; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB HANSCOM AFB MA SENSORS DIRECTORATE/ELECTROMAGNETICS TECHNOLOGY DIV
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| We recently reported the CVD growth of binary Ge(1-y)Sn(y) and ternary Ge(1-y)Si(x)Sn(y) alloys directly on Si wafers using SnD(4), Ge(2)H(6) (di-germane), SiH(3)GeH(3), and (GeH(3))(2)SiH(2) sources. Ge(y)Sn(y) is an intriguing infrared material that undergoes an indirect-to-direct bandgap transition for y < 0.1. In addition, we have found that Ge(1-y)Sn(y) layers have ideal properties as templates for the subsequent deposition of other semiconductors: (a) they are strain-relaxed and have low threading-defect densities ... |
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| A Methodological Approach for Conducting a Business Case Analysis (BCA) of the Global Observer Joint Capability Technology Demonstration (JCTD) |
DEC 2007 |
87 pages |
| Authors:
Thiow Y. Dennis; Lim; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| The Global Observer is a Joint Capability Technology Demonstration (JCTD) initiative that is being managed by the United States Special Operations Command (US SOCOM). The JCTD Program seeks to accelerate the development and operational evaluation of mature advanced technologies to rapidly transition the new capability to military operations. The Global Observer is a liquid-hydrogen powered unmanned aircraft system that has been designed for deployment as a stratospheric satellite. It will ... |
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| Platinum Complexes with Optical Limiting and Related Non-linear Optical and Electronic Properties |
NOV 2007 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Michael Bruce; ADELAIDE UNIV (AUSTRALIA) DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
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| This project consisted of applying several synthetic approaches, some derived from model studies of molecular wires, to the production of several novel types of platinum-alkynyl complexes. |
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| Characterization of Chemical Weapons Convention Schedule 3 Compounds by Quantitative 13C NMR Spectroscopy |
NOV 2007 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Terry J. Henderson; David B. Cullinan; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY DIR
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| A quantitative 13C NMR method has been developed for characterizing hydrogen cyanide, cyanogen chloride, and phosgene, three Chemical Weapons Convention Schedule 3 compounds in common use today. Towards this end, the 13C spin-lattice relaxation behavior (T1) of the compounds has been assessed at 75 and 126 MMz for temperatures between 5-15 deg C, holding them in their liquid states to dramatically improve detection sensitivity. The derived single exponential T1 values ... |
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| Polymer Based Highly Parallel Nanoscopic Sensors for Rapid Detection of Chemical and Biological Threats |
18 SEP 2007 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
Ryan Giedd; Matt Curry; Xuliang Han; SOUTHWEST MISSOURI STATE UNIV SPRINGFIELD CENTER FOR APPLIED SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
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| Raw carbon nanotubes (CNTs) contain a wide range of impurities from the growth process. At Brewer Science an effective post-growth purification procedure was developed to reduce the amount of impurities, and several characterization techniques were developed and validated. |
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| Plasma-Arc Deposited Elemental Boron Film for use as a Durable Nonstick Coating |
SEP 2007 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
C. C. Klepper; HY-TECH RESEARCH CORP RADFORD VA
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| Report developed under Small Business Innovation Research Contract. Under this Phase I SBIR contract, HY-Tech Research performed development of an abrasion resistant, non-stick coating for cookware used by the U.S. Army in the field. The deposition technique uses a vacuum arc source of elemental boron, a high-temperature material with excellent hardness, lubricity and chemical inertness. HY-Tech's boron arc source is based on the vacuum (cathodic) arc process, which produces the ... |
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| Surface Analysis of Reactive Ion Etched PZT Thin Films in SF6 Plasma |
SEP 2007 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Eugene Zakar; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ADELPHI MD SENSORS AND ELECTRON DEVICES DIRECTORATE
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| Reactive ion etching of sol-gel deposited Pb(Zr(0.52) Ti(0.48)03 thin films was performed in SF6 plasmas. Etch rate was determined as a function of cathode power and chamber pressure, attaining a value of 65 nm/min at 300 W. Auger electron spectroscopy measurements revealed an excess Pb 10 nm thin layer on as-deposited film surfaces. X -ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements showed the existence of ZrF4 and PbS04 species on etched surfaces, in ... |
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| Influence of Geometry on a High Surface Area-Solid Phase Microextraction Sampler for Chemical Vapor Collection |
04 JUN 2007 |
76 pages |
| Authors:
Robbie L. Wheeler; UNIFORMED SERVICES UNIV OF THE HEALTH SCIENCES BETHESDA MD DEPT OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND BIOMETRICS
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| The High Surface Area Solid Phase Microextraction "HSA-SPME" device is an internally heated sampling device designed for high-volume, trace level air sampling. This study compared the analyte extraction and durability of five different HSA-SPME geometric configurations at two sample flow rates. Each HSA-SPME configuration was tested for its ability to extract a 10 ppbv 39-component gas mixture and thermally desorb into an analytical instrument. Differences in analyte recovery between the ... |
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| Desktop Systems for Manufacturing Carbon Nanotube Films by Chemical Vapor Deposition |
Jun-2007 |
148 pages |
| Authors:
David S Kuhn; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) exhibit exceptional electrical, thermal, and mechanical properties that could potentially transform such diverse fields as composites, electronics, cooling, energy storage, and biological sensing. For the United States Navy, composites potentially provide a significant decrease in lifetime maintenance costs of ships by eliminating hull corrosion. A stronger composite could also improve naval ship survivability or increase combat payloads by reducing the hull weight of ships and submarines. Further, ... |
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| Lotus LADM Based Self-Decontaminating Surfaces |
01 MAY 2007 |
48 pages |
| Authors:
John L. Lombardi; Stephen Michielsen; Robert Connors; Gordon Churchward; VENTANA RESEARCH TUCSON AZ
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| Recent events have lead to new concerns about biowarfare, bioterrorism, chemical warfare and chemical terrorism. Because of the potential range of agents that could be used, a non-specific decontamination system is desirable. Of particular interest are materials whose surfaces have been modified to be self-decontaminating and self-regenerating. Other beneficial attributes are that the surfaces be self-cleaning and very light weight. We have developed superhydrophobic coating materials. We have also developed ... |
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| Effect of Al Addition on Glass Forming Stability of Ca-Mg-Zn-Cu Based Bulk Metallic Glasses (PREPRINT) |
APR 2007 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
O. N. Senkov; J. M. Scott; Daniel B. Miracle; UES INC DAYTON OH
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| The effect of Al addition on glass forming ability and glass stability of Ca-Mg-Zn, Ca-Mg-Cu, and Ca-Mg-Zn-Cu alloys was studied. The glassy alloys were produced by a copper mold casting method as wedge-shaped samples with thicknesses varying from 0.5 mm to 10 mm. Thermal properties, such as the glass transition, crystallization and melting temperatures, as well as heats of crystallization and melting, were determined for the produced glasses. Partial substitution ... |
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| Large Scale Green Synthesis of 1,2,4-Butanetriol |
31 MAR 2007 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher Saffron; John W. Frost; MICHIGAN BIOTECHNOLOGY INST LANSING MI
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| Escherichia coli W3110 was successfully modified to produce D-1,2,4-butanetriol (D-BT) in concentrations exceeding 10 g/L by conversion of D-xylose. The modified strain, E. coli WN13, was scaled from 1 L (bench scale) to 100 L (pilot scale) fermentor working volumes at MBI International. D-BT was isolated from fermentation broth by a succession of downstream unit operations, including: filtration, ion exchange, evaporation and distillation. Five-hundred milliliters of D-BT was collected and ... |
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| Vertical Alignment of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes on Nanostructure Fabricated by Atomic Force Microscope |
30 MAR 2007 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Haiwon Lee; HANYANG UNIV SEOUL (KOREA SOUTH) DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
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| This project focused on the behavior of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in the electrophoresis cells and aligned growth of SWCNTs by thermal chemical vapor deposition on selectively deposited metallic nanoparticles. Field emission characteristics of vertically aligned SWCNTs films were also studied. |
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| Fabrication of Organic Thin Film Transistors Using Layer-By-Layer Assembly (Preprint) |
MAR 2007 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffery T. Stricker; Anna D. Gudmundsdottir; Adam P. Smith; Barney E. Taylor; Michael F. Durstock; CINCINNATI UNIV OH
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| Layer-by-layer assembly is presented as a deposition technique for the incorporation of ultra-thin gate dielectric layers into thin-film transistors utilizing a highly doped organic active layer. This deposition technique enables the fabrication of device structures with a controllable gate dielectric thickness. In particular, devices with a dielectric layer comprised of poly(allylamine hydrochloride)/poly(acrylic acid) (PAH/PAA) bilayer films were fabricated to examine the properties of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) as the transistor active ... |
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| Negative Thermal Expansion in Ultrathin Plasma Polymerized Films (Postprint) |
MAR 2007 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Srikanth Singamaneni; Melburne C. LeMieux; Hao Jian; Timothy J. Bunning; Vladimir V. Tsukruk; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING DIRECTORATE
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| Because of the increasing applications of polymer films with nanoscale thickness, it is imperative to fully characterize the physical properties in these films, which could be significantly different from the bulk properties due to the surface and interfacial effects. Interactions with the substrate and high specific surface area (film/air and film/substrate) can cause peculiar properties of the ultrathin polymer films. In a recent study the glass transition of a free ... |
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| NMR Studies of Micro-Structured and Nano-Structured Polymeric Membrane Systems |
27 FEB 2007 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Guoxing Lin; CLARK UNIV WORCESTER MA DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
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| This report describes our achievement in the investigation of the influence of structure on diffusion in styrene-ethylene/ butylene-styrene triblock copolymers (SEBS) during the period of June 1, 2006 to November 30, 2006. This type of triblock copolymers has the potential for chemical protection and fuel cell application. Our progress is made in the following fields: (I) Pulse-field- gradient (PFG) Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) study of the translational diffusion; (II) lattice ... |
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| Dilute-Nitride Type-II Quantum Well Lasers Grown by MOCVD |
25 FEB 2007 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Luke J. Mawst; WISCONSIN UNIV-MADISON
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| One challenging goal remaining for GaAs-based InGaAsN QW lasers is to extend the emission wavelength beyond 1.3 m, while maintaining optical material quality for the realization of longer wavelength and high performance. Higher N-content leads to increased nonradiative monomolecular recombination, thus high performance at 1.55 m has not been achieved to date. Recently, we proposed a novel approach for realizing GaAs-based diode lasers with emission wavelengths beyond =1500 nm. This ... |
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| Chemical Facility Security: Regulation and Issues for Congress |
31 JAN 2007 |
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| Authors:
Dana A. Shea; Todd B. Tatelman; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) has proposed security regulations for chemical facilities, implementing the statutory authority granted in the Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2007 (P.L. 109-295, Section 550). The proposed regulations (71 Federal Register 78,276 78,332 (December 28, 2006)) require chemical facilities possessing amounts and types of substances considered by the DHS Secretary to be hazardous to notify DHS and undergo a consequence-based screening process. The Secretary would then ... |
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| Chemical Demilitarization: Actions Needed to Improve the Reliability of the Army's Cost Comparison Analysis for Treatment and Disposal Options for Newports VX Hydrolysate |
26 JAN 2007 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Davi M. D'Agostino; GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE WASHINGTON DC
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| The U.S. stockpile of 1,269 tons of VX nerve agent stored at the Newport Chemical Depot (Newport), Indiana, is one of nine stockpiles that the Department of Defense (DOD) must destroy in response to congressional direction initially provided in 1985. In addition, the stockpile must be destroyed to comply with the requirements of the Chemical Weapons Convention, which the United States became a party to in 1997. The stockpile at ... |
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| Water Adsorption With Hysteresis Effect onto Microporous Activated Carbon Fabrics |
Jan-2007 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Patrick D Sullivan; Mark J Rood; Zaher Hashisho; Brenton R Stone; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB TYNDALL AFB FL
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| Understanding the adsorption of water vapor onto activated carbons is important for designing processes to remove dilute contaminants from humid gas streams, such as providing protection against chemical warfare agents (CWAs), or against toxic industrial compounds (TICs) used in a terrorist chemical attack. Water vapor isotherms for Calgon BPL granular activated carbon (GAC), military ASZM-TEDA GAC, electrospun activated carbon nanofibers (ACnF), Calgon Zorflex? activated carbon cloth, and Novoloid-based activated carbon ... |
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| The Relationship Between Chemical Structure and Dielectric Properties of Plasma-Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposited Polymer Thin Films (Postprint) |
2007 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Kurt Eyink; Jesse Enlow; Timothy J. Bunning; Hao Jiang; Lianggou Hong; N. Venkatasubramanian; John T. Grant; Kevin Wiacek; Sandra Fries-Carr; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING DIRECTORATE
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| Polymer dielectric films fabricated by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) have unique properties due to their dense crosslinked bulk structure. These spatially uniform films exhibit good adhesion to a variety of substrates, excellent chemical inertness, high thermal resistance, and are formed from an inexpensive, solvent-free, room temperature process. In this work, we studied the dielectric properties of plasma polymerized (PP) carbon-based polymer thin films prepared from two precursors, benzene ... |
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| Quantum Information Processing Using Local Control of Exchange in 1D Nanotubes |
31 DEC 2006 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Charles M. Marcus; Boris L. Altshuler; Charles M. Lieber; Hongkun Park; HARVARD UNIV CAMBRIDGE MA DEPT OF PHYSICS
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| The overall project aimed to develop gated nanotubes and nanowires to be used in the development of spin qubits arranged in a 1D array. Nanotube circuits with gate-confined single and double dots were realized, shell-core nanowire growth methods were developed, gated nanowire circuits were fabricated, and double quantum dots, appropriate for singlet-triplet qubits, were investigated experimentally. We also investigated light emission from nanowires, to be of potential use in electron-photon ... |
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| Thermodynamic and Mechanical Properties of Epon 862 With Curing Agent Detda by Molecular Simulation |
DEC 2006 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Jeremy L. Tack; TEXAS A AND M UNIV COLLEGE STATION DEPT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
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| Fully atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used to predict the properties of EPON 862 cross-linked with curing agent DETDA, a potentially useful epoxy resin for future applications of nanocomposites. The properties of interest were density (at near-ambient pressure and temperature), glass transition temperature, bulk modulus, and shear modulus. The EPON molecular topology, degree of curing, and MD force-field were investigated as variables. The range of molecular weights explored was ... |
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| Oxygen Plasma Treatment and Deposition of CNx on a Fluorinated Polymer Matrix Composite for Improved Erosion Resistance (Preprint) |
DEC 2006 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
C. Muratore; A. Korenyi-Both; J. E. Bultman; A. R. Waite; J. G. Jones; A. A. Voevodin; T. M. Storage; UNITED TECHNOLOGIES CORP (UTC) WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
|
| High-performance polymer matrix composites (PMCs) are an appealing choice for materials in aerospace applications due to their high strength-to-weight ratio and stability over a broad temperature range for thousands of service hours. The use of PMCs in propulsion applications is currently limited only by insufficient resistance to erosion by abrasive media. Erosion-resistant coatings may provide the necessary protection, however their application is not straightforward, as surface preparation is a challenge. ... |
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| Purification of Contaminated MIL-PRF-83282 Hydraulic Fluid Using the Pall Purifier and Multiple Process Configurations (Preprint) |
NOV 2006 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Jr. Snyder Carl E.; Lois J. Gschwender; Stephen L. Gunderson; George W. Fultz; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING DIRECTORATE
|
| The amount of hydraulic fluid used by all branches of the military is significant both in terms of volume and cost. The disposal of used hydraulic fluid is a cost, time, and logistical component that can be greatly reduced by the purification and reuse of used hydraulic fluid. This report describes a project that evaluated the effectiveness of various hydraulic fluid purification process configurations on the removal of water and ... |
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| Microfabricated Traveling Wave Tubes for High Power Millimeter-Wave and THz-regime Sources |
31 OCT 2006 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
John H. Booske; Dan van der Weide; Hongrui Jiang; Steve Limbach; Sean Sengele; Al Marshal; Ben Yang; Amy Marconnet; Mike He; Sam Drezdzon; WISCONSIN UNIV-MADISON DEPT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
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| The millimeter-wave (MMW) and terahertz (THz)-regime portions of the electromagnetic spectrum have enormous application potential, including high-data-rate communications, remote sensing and threat detection, high resolution radar, biomedical imaging, and spectroscopic analysis. To exploit this potential, new sources of coherent electromagnetic radiation are needed in the frequency range of 100 - 1000 GHz. The ideal sources would provide high power with high efficiency in a compact, lightweight, and low-cost package. Many ... |
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| Probing the Role of Promoters in Zinc Reduction of Nitrobenzene: Continuous Production of Hydroxylaminobenzene [PREPRINT] |
30 OCT 2006 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Lixiong Li; Theodore V. Marolla; Lloyd Nadeau; Jim C. Spain; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB TYNDALL AFB FL MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING DIRECTORATE
|
| Production of hydroxylaminobenzene (HAB) via zinc reduction of nitrobenzene (NB) is an established batch process based on aqueous electrolytic reactions involving an electrolyte as the promoter. This experimental study explored continuous production of HAB that is needed as an intermediate in a novel zinc/biocatalyst processing train to obtain aminophenols. Experiments were conducted suing a Zn packed bed to probe the role of promoters under continuous-flow conditions at a temperature of ... |
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| Synthesis of Hybrid Conducting Nanowire Using AAO Template |
28 SEP 2006 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Wansoo Huh; SOONGSIL UNIV SEOUL (KOREA) DEPT OF CHEMICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
|
| The most promising way to prepare uniform dimension of nanomaterials is to use anodized alumina membrane as template. The work emphasized self-organized arrangement of pores in hexagonal array and vertical direction expansion for the high aspect ratio, and the self-liming surface reaction. From these approaches, the atomic layer deposition was controlled precisely at the molecular level. |
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| Relationship Between Packing Structure and Porosity in Fixed Beds of Equilateral Cylindrical Particles |
23-Sep-2006 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Wenli Zhang; Karsten E Thompson; Allen H Reed; Liese Beenken; LOUISIANA STATE UNIV BATON ROUGE DEPT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
|
| Fixed beds of cylindrical particles are important in chemical engineering applications, but their packing structures are not as well understood or as well characterized as sphere packings. In this work, X-ray microtomography is used to obtain 3D images of 1.8 mm diameter equilateral cylinders in a 23 mm cylindrical container over a range of bulk porosities. A novel algorithm is used to computationally reconstruct the packings, resulting in data sets ... |
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| Chemical Vapor Composite Silicon Carbide for Space Telescopes (postprint) |
18 SEP 2006 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Clifford T. Tanaka; Kyle Webb; TREX ENTERPRISES CORP LIHUE HI
|
| The purpose of this figure study was to demonstrate the optical figure and opto-mechanical performance capabilities for Trex's CVC SiC material. In the course of this activity a plano mirror was designed, fabricated, polished, and analyzed using interferometry tools and methods. The opto-mechanical and interferometric performance results are presented and analyzed in this report. |
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| Dynamics of Epitaxy on the Nano-sized Semiconductor Surfaces |
05 SEP 2006 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Deng-Sung Lin; NATIONAL CHIAO-TUNG UNIV HSINCHU (TAIWAN) INST OF PHYSICS
|
| Semiconductor self assembled quantum dots (QDs) have emerged as one of the simplest subjects for exploring and exploiting the physics and device applications of charge carriers and excitons in the three dimensional confinement regime. Nanoscale-sized surface in the form of mesa or ridges on patterned substrates offer opportunities not only for creating large densities of QDs with great homogeneity but also for novel growth-control engineering. This project aims at a ... |
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| Molecular Simulation of the Vapor-Liquid Phase Behavior of Lennard-Jones Mixtures in Porous Solids |
SEP 2006 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
John K. Brennan; Wei Dong; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| We present vapor-liquid phase coexistence curves for binary fluid mixtures in a disordered porous solid. The porous material is modeled as a collection of randomly dispersed hard spheres. A variant of the Monte Carlo Gibbs ensemble method [J. K. Brennan and W. Dong, J. Chem. Phys. 116, 8948 (2002)] is used to simulate Lennard-Jones fluid mixtures at several porosities: 0.9, 0.95, and 0.975. Effects based on the size and the ... |
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| Synthesis of Multifunctional Materials |
SEP 2006 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Hadis Morkoc; VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV RICHMOND
|
| Single-crystal PbTiO3 layers were grown on (001) SrTiO3 substrates by molecular beam epitaxy using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant. Phase composition and structural properties of the films were examined as a function of growth parameters. It was found that single-phase PbTiO3 films grew epitaxially at substrate temperatures of 600 degrees C and higher, whereas layers grown at lower temperature contained PbO inclusions. Growth of Pb(ZrTi)O3 (PZT) films by molecular beam ... |
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| The Structure and Dielectric Properties of Plasma-Polymerized Benzene and OFCB Thin Films (Preprint) |
SEP 2006 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Hao Jiang; Lianggou Hong; N. Venkatasubramanian; John T. Grant; Kurt Eyink; Kevin Wiacek; Sandra Fries-Carr; Jesse Enlow; Timothy J. Bunning; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SURVIVABILITY AND SENSOR MATERIALS DIV/HARDENED MATERIALS
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| Polymeric dielectric and photonic thin films can be fabricated using plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), a room temperature, solvent-free and versatile technique. Many organic precursors have been deposited yielding plasma polymerized thin films with a wide range of functionalities. These films, exhibiting highly cross-linked structures, pin-hole free bulk morphologies and smooth surfaces for a variety of film thicknesses, have been targeted for optical and dielectric applications such as waveguides, ... |
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| The Relationship of Microscopic Material Characteristics & Physical Behavior of Quantum Dots |
25 AUG 2006 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Shan Torng; Y-C Fang; L. Hsu; CHUNG-SHAN INST OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY TAO-YUAN (TAIWAN) MATERIAL AND ELECTRO-OPTICS DIV
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| This research collected and analyzed the composition, structure and microstructure information at microscopic scales for the self-organized InAs/GaAs quantum dots through development of proper characterization techniques. |
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| Identification and Initial Screening of New Compounds to Control Harmful Algal Blooms |
AUG 2006 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Angela G. Poovey; Michael D. Netherland; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS COASTAL AND HYDRAULICS LAB
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| This technical note identifies, prioritizes, and evaluates "reduced risk" chemical compounds that have the potential to selectively control harmful algal blooms (HAB). Results of these evaluations are shared with key regulatory agencies to expedite development of new algaecide registrations for use in lakes and reservoirs. |
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| Molybdenum Disulfide as a Lubricant And Catalyst in Adaptive Nanocomposite Coatings (Preprint) |
AUG 2006 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
C. Muratore; A. A. Voevodin; UNIVERSAL TECHNOLOGY CORP DAYTON OH
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| Nanocomposite YSZ-Ag-Mo-MoS2 with different MoS2 additions (0-100 atomic percent) coatings were deposited with a hybrid pulsed laser/magnetron sputtering/filtered cathodic arc process. Wear testing was performed from 25-700 degrees C for each of the coatings. Electron microscopy and other characterization techniques were used to examine the surfaces and wear tracks of the coatings to determine the mechanisms resulting in the measured tribological properties. Adaptive coatings containing 8 atomic percent MoS2 demonstrated ... |
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| Growth of In-rich InGaN Quantum Dots (QDs) by Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition (MOCVD) |
28 JUL 2006 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Euijoon Yoon; SEOUL NATIONAL UNIV (REPUBLIC OF KOREA) SCHOOL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
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| In-rich InGaN/GaN quantum dots (QDs) were successfully grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. Growth at low temperatures below 700 C made it possible to obtain In-rich InGaN layer with In content over 70 % and was confirmed by electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and x-ray diffraction (XRD). Uniform QDs were obtained with density of 1.3 x 1010 /sq cm with optimizing growth conditions. The density of QDs was further increased to ... |
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| Minority Carrier Lifetimes in Halide Chemical Vapor Deposition SiC |
JUN 2006 |
37 pages |
| Authors:
Marek Skowronski; CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA OFFICE OF SPONSORED RESEARCH
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| High purity 6H-SiC single crystals have been grown by the Halide Chemical Vapor Deposition process. Growth was performed using separate injection of silicon silicon tetrachloride and propane. The growth rates were between 100 micrometers/hr and 300 micrometers/hr. The crystals show very low concentrations of residual impurities with the main contaminants, namely nitrogen and boron, in the 1014 cm-3 range. Crystals grown under Si-rich conditions were n-type with low room temperature ... |
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Industrial Chemistry and Chemical Processing
