| Reduced Iron Sulfide Systems for Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Groundwater |
Jul 2009 |
225 pages |
| Authors:
Kim F Hayes; Peter Adriaens; Avey H Demond; Terese Olson; Linda M Abriola; MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR DEPT OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
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 | In this research, we have evaluated iron sulfide for treating heavy metal contaminated groundwater plumes for PRB systems. Our approach was to test the effectiveness of reduced iron sulfide (FeS) as both a sorbent and reducing agent in PRB applications for long-term sequestration of heavy metal ions. Cadmium (Cd) and Arsenic (As) were the targeted contaminants. Mechanistic information on the metal removal mechanisms was obtained by molecular-scale surface techniques including ... |
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| Stream Quality Assessment on Military Training Grounds Near Waverly, Tennessee |
Jul 2009 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Mark D Farr; Mark D Antwine; Laura P Lecher; CORPS OF ENGINEERS VICKSBURG MS
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| Rapid bioassessment protocols were used during February 2005 to characterize stream quality in a reach of Trace Creek located within the Tennessee Army National Guard Volunteer Training Site--Gorman Quarry near Waverly, Tennessee. The purpose of the study was to characterize stream quality and provide background information for a more comprehensive biological inventory of the training site. Field, laboratory, and analytical methods closely followed those developed for stream assessments by the ... |
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| Demonstration/Validation of the Snap Sampler Passive Ground Water Sampling Device for Sampling Inorganic Analytes at the Former Pease Air Force Base |
Jul 2009 |
115 pages |
| Authors:
Louise Parker; Nathan Mulherin; Gordon Gooch; William Major; Richard Willey; Thomas Imbrigiotta; Jacob Gibs; Donald Gronstal; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER HANOVER NH COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB
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| Laboratory studies and a field demonstration were conducted to determine the ability of the Snap Sampler to recover representative concentrations of several types of inorganic analytes from ground water. Analytes included non-metals, transition metals, alkaline earth metals, alkali metals, and a metalloid. In the laboratory studies, concentrations of analytes in Snap Sampler samples were comparable with concentrations of the analytes in samples collected from a standpipe (i.e., control samples). For ... |
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| Bush Canal Floodgate Study |
Jul 2009 |
51 pages |
| Authors:
Tate O McAlpin; Rutherford C Berger; Amena M Henville; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS COASTAL AND HYDRAULICS LAB
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| The ADaptive Hydraulics model, ADH, was used to investigate the circulation tendencies in and around Bush Canal by utilizing its two-dimensional shallow-water module. This study characterizes existing water levels and currents in the vicinity of Bush Canal and predicts any potential impacts that may result from the construction of a structure in Bush Canal near its junction with Bayou Terrebonne. Comparing model-generated currents and water-surface elevations between pre- and post-construction ... |
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| Joint Navigation Conference 2009. GPS/Inertial Micro-Camera for Oceanographic Properties and Shallow Water Hydrography. Session A1: Warfighter Requirements and Solutions |
02 Jun 2009 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Alison Brown; Reece Tredway; Bruce Johnson; NAVSYS CORP COLORADO SPRINGS CO
|
| CONCLUSION: Micro-Camera payload can provide high accuracy metadata from which we can extract feature coordinates * Bathymetry * Targeting * Mapping * WebGRIM software can display mosaiced imagery and WMS overlays from Oracle GeoRaster database * Geospatial database management provides powerful capability for managing UAS imagery and for search, retrieval and viewing of multisource data * Bathymetric inversion methods works reasonably well * TOP shore-based techniques, O(0.5 m) RMS errors ... |
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| Resource Assurance: Balancing the Resource Equation |
Jun-2009 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Betsy Cantwell; OAK RIDGE NATIONAL LAB TN
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| Intermountain West Military Training Lands Planting Guide: Selecting Seed Mixtures for Actively Used Military Lands |
Jun 2009 |
63 pages |
| Authors:
Antonio J Palazzo; Susan E Hardy; Timothy J Cary; Kay H Asay; Kevin B Jensen; Daniel G Ogle; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER HANOVER NH COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB
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| These guidelines were prepared to help military land managers select appropriate seed mixtures for revegetation on actively used training lands in the Intermountain West of the United States. Recommending a seed mixture is complicated because of the various ecosystems, land uses, soils, and plant selection goals. We wanted to keep the guidelines as simple as possible but still be able to recommend seed mixtures adapted for this region. We have ... |
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| Vegetation and Channel Morphology Responses to Ordinary High Water Discharge Events in Arid West Stream Channels |
May-2009 |
48 pages |
| Authors:
Robert Lichvar; David Cate; Corinna Photos; Lindsey Dixon; Bruce Allen; Joel Byersdorfer; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER HANOVER NH COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB
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| Waters of the United States (WoUS) are regulated by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers under Section 404 of the Clean Water Act (33 U.S.C. 1344). The Corps lateral jurisdictional extent in Arid West stream channels is the upper level of the ordinary high water (OHW). The channel shape, fluvial textures, and vegetation patterns of these arid stream channels are heavily influenced by short-term, high-intensity or flashy events, which create ... |
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| Dependence of Total Longshore Sediment Transport Rates on Incident Wave Parameters and Breaker Type |
May 2009 |
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| Authors:
Ernest R Smith; Ping Wang; Bruce A Ebersole; Jun Zhang; ARMY ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION VICKSBURG MS COASTAL AND HYDRAULICS LAB
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 | Experiments were conducted in the Large-scale Sediment Transport Facility (LSTF) at the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center to investigate the importance of wave height, period, and breaker type (spilling and plunging breakers) on total rate of longshore sediment transport (LST) and the cross-shore distribution of LST. Estimates computed by the CERC formula and Kamphius were compared to the accurately measured total LST rates. Several K-values were used with ... |
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| Improved Understanding of In Situ Chemical Oxidation. Technical Objective I: Contaminant Oxidation Kinetics Contaminant Oxidation Kinetics |
May 2009 |
59 pages |
| Authors:
Paul G Tratnyek; Jamie Powell; Rachel Waldemer; OREGON HEALTH AND SCIENCE UNIV PORTLAND
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| The use of in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) for treatment of chlorinated solvent source areas is rapidly increasing as Department of Defense (DoD) and other stakeholders search for remedial approaches that reduce long-term operations and maintenance requirements. While ISCO is a promising technology for some chemicals, there remains significant data needs related to: 1) reaction kinetics for common DoD contaminants; 2) the effects of natural oxidant demand on oxidant mobility ... |
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| Improved Understanding of In Situ Chemical Oxidation. Technical Objective 2: Soil Reactivity |
May 2009 |
144 pages |
| Authors:
Neil Thomson; Kammy Sra; Xiuyuan Xu; WATERLOO UNIV (ONTARIO) DEPT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
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| The overall goal of Technical Objective 2: Soil Reactivity was to assess how soil properties (e.g., soil mineralogy, natural carbon content) affect oxidant mobility and stability in the subsurface, and develop a standardized natural oxidant demand (NOD) measurement protocol. To fulfill this objective, materials from nine sites were obtained for use in this investigation and characterized with respect to physio-chemical properties and evaluated with respect to their total theoretical and ... |
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| DCERP Annual Technical Report II |
May 2009 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF DEFENSE RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING ARLINGTON VA STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM
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| The Defense Coastal/Estuarine Research Program (DCERP) is a research-based program sited at Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune (MCBCL) in North Carolina. This program provides a unique opportunity to integrate the results of broadly scoped ecological research to understand the structure and function of diverse coastal ecosystems, while directly integrating this research to address the Base's management needs for sustaining the military training mission. Phase I of DCERP was successfully completed ... |
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| In Situ Measurements of Coherent Structures and Turbulence |
07-Apr-2009 |
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| Authors:
John Trowbridge; W R Geyer; WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION MA DEPT OF APPLIED OCEAN PHYSICS AND ENGINEERING
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| The long-term objective of our research is to quantify the structure of turbulence in fluvial and estuarine environments, in order to develop remote-sensing tools for environmental assessment as well as to improve numerical simulations. The objectives of this program were: (1) to quantify the turbulence length scale and turbulent dynamics in an estuary under varying stratification conditions and geometries, including relatively uniform boundary-layer flows and highly disrupted wake flow conditions; ... |
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| Non-Native Suckermouth Armored Catfishes in Florida: Description of Nest Borrows and Burrow Colonies with Assessment of Shoreline Conditions |
Apr-2009 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Leo G Nico; Howard L Jelks; Travis Tuten; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS ENVIRONMENTAL LAB
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| Non-native populations of the Neotropical family Loricariidae, the suckermouth armored catfishes, have been introduced and become established in many warm-climate regions of the world, including parts of the United States (e.g., Florida and Texas). In Florida, the most common loricariid catfishes are members of the genus Pterygoplichthys. Over the past 20 years these catfishes have invaded most inland drainages in the central and southern parts of the Florida peninsula. In ... |
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| Field-Scale Evaluation of Monitored Natural Attenuation for Dissolved Chlorinated Solvent Plumes |
Apr-2009 |
455 pages |
| Authors:
PARSONS ENGINEERING SCIENCE INC DENVER CO
|
| The methodology, case-study examples, and recommendations described in this report are intended to provide restoration program managers, their support staff, and the regulatory community with descriptions of methods and tools that can be used to advance the state-of-practice for monitoring and documenting the long-term sustainability of monitored natural attenuation (MNA)-based remedies for chlorinated solvent-impacted groundwater. Specifically, this report 1) presents a strategy and framework for quantitatively assessing the sustainability of ... |
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| Proceedings of the Military Applications for Emerging Water Use Technologies Workshop |
Apr-2009 |
95 pages |
| Authors:
John Hall; William D Goran; Kurt Preston; Gary L Gerdes; Richard J Scholze; Malcolm McLeod; David Sheets; Richard Sustich; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER CHAMPAIGN IL CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB
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| This first ever Military Applications for Emerging Water Use Technologies workshop gathered Department of Defense (DOD), academic, trade association, and other government subject matter experts to explore the topic of water for the military at the installation and forward operating levels. The goals of this workshop were to share information, spread visibility on current efforts, explore the potential of existing, emerging, and future technologies and other options for military installations ... |
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| Characterization of Contaminant Migration Potential Through In-Place Sediment Caps |
Apr 2009 |
113 pages |
| Authors:
Bruce M Sass; Ryan L Fimmen; Eric A Foote; Victor S Magar; Upal Ghosh; BATTELLE MEMORIAL INST OAK RIDGE TN
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| By isolating contaminated sediments from overlying bodies of water, capping can effectively reduce ecosystem exposure to contaminants and minimize the possibility of contaminant transport into the food chain (Magar, 2001; Palermo et al., 1998; USACE, 1998). However, because contaminated sediments are left in place, caps generally require long-term monitoring, and the risks of contaminant transport or sediment resuspension persist. Many contaminated marine sediment sites reside in shallow, coastal areas that ... |
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| A National Maritime Salvage Response Organization: The Key to Timely Opening of America's Ports and Waterways |
Apr 2009 |
73 pages |
| Authors:
Ryan D Manning; NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIV NORFOLK VA JOINT ADVANCED WARFIGHTING SCHOOL
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| The United States has largely become a country of imports and very few exports, with as much as 90% of those imports arriving by ships into our ports and waterways. Keeping these ports and waterways free and clear is necessary for our economy to continue as more and more companies adopt just in time delivery' systems. The cost to the U.S. economy of a single day of closure in the ... |
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| A Partnership for Modeling the Marine Environment of Puget Sound, Washington |
30-Mar-2009 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Jan Newton; Skip Albertson; Frederick R Stahr; P F Wang; Robert K Johnston; William Winn; Mark Warner; Allan Devol; Mitsuhiro Kawase; Randy Shuman; Miles Logsdon; Bruce Nairn; WASHINGTON UNIV SEATTLE
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| In 2002 National Oceanographic Partnership Program funded a partnership of a university, federal, state and local government agencies, and a private non-profit corporation who share a common interest and concern about a body of water -- Puget Sound, Washington. Designated as the Puget Sound Marine Environmental Modeling (PSMEM) partnership, the objectives of the partnership were to conduct scientific research aimed at developing fundamental understanding of the Sound's working, as well ... |
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| The Distribution of Breaking and Non-Breaking Wave Impact Forces |
Mar-2009 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Anne M Fullerton; Ann Marie Powers; Don C Walker; Susan Brewton; NAVAL SURFACE WARFARE CENTER CARDEROCK DIV BETHESDA MD HYDROMECHANICS DIRECTORATE
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| The magnitude of wave impact loads varies greatly, depending upon whether the wave is breaking, as well as on the wave height, length, steepness, and the geometry and immersion of the impacted structure. This report describes an experiment that was performed to characterize the distribution of breaking and non-breaking wave impact loads over a surface, similar to those performed in 2005 with non-breaking wave impact loads and those performed in ... |
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| Influence of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current on the Atlantic Meriodional Circulation |
Mar-2009 |
65 pages |
| Authors:
David J Widener; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| The physics of the Meridional Overturning Circulation and inter-hemispheric heat transport is explored with an emphasis on the upper and central ocean using a general ocean circulation model. The ability of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, bathymetry, and surface temperature and wind stresses to influence the MOC and inter hemispheric heat transport is considered. All experiments are based on an idealized model of intermediate complexity with analysis focused on the interplay ... |
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| Integrating Uncertainty Analysis in the Risk Characterization of In-Place Remedial Strategies for Contaminated Sediments |
Mar 2009 |
269 pages |
| Authors:
Peter Adriaens; Steven J Wright; Cyndee L Gruden; John Wolfe; Todd Redder; Noemi Barabas; Joseph DePinto; MICHIGAN UNIV ANN ARBOR
|
| The overarching goal of this work was to characterize and bound the uncertainties associated with the impact of sediment processes (with focus on ebullition and advection) on the long-term performance of in situ capping strategies. The approach was a combination of experimental work and modeling to enable evaluation of the impact of ebullition and advection on both sediment bed stability and contaminant fluxes (here: PAH) from the sediment. The experiments ... |
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| Worldwide Emerging Environmental Issues Affecting the U.S. Military. March 2009 |
Mar 2009 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
FEDERATION OF UN ASSOCIATIONS WASHINGTON DC MILLENNIUM PROJECT
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| Switzerland and Italy are cooperating in redrawing their national borders in the Matterhorn mountain area, due to melting Alpine glaciers that previously set the border lines. The new proposal considers the rocks rather than glaciers as border criteria. The Swiss-Italian border change will not affect any inhabited area. Franco Narducci, of Italy's opposition Democratic Party, who is preparing the bill for redefining the frontier, said that similar negotiations will be ... |
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| Everglades: The Catalyst to Combat the World Water Crisis |
27-Feb-2009 |
50 pages |
| Authors:
Pantano; Alfred A Jr; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| Life including mankind will not survive on earth without sufficient clean fresh water. The world is facing a water crisis of apocalyptic proportion. In part, the crisis was created by well-intended actions, waste, and ambivalence of mankind. The crisis is intensified by rampant development, exponential population growth, and climate change. There are parallel solutions to the crisis. They include conservation and reuse of water, desalination of seawater, and timely restoration ... |
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| Worldwide Emerging Environmental Issues Affecting the U.S. Military. February 2009 |
Feb 2009 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
FEDERATION OF UN ASSOCIATIONS WASHINGTON DC MILLENNIUM PROJECT
|
| Partial contents: UNEP Conference Furthers Environmental Governance, UN Report on the Role of Natural Resources in Conflict and Peacebuilding, South Korea Adopts a Green Growth Policy and Influences Next G-20 Meeting, Technological Advances with Environmental Security Implications, New Detection and Cleanup Techniques, Increasing Energy Efficiency Technologies, Updates on Previously Identified Issues, Undersea Abandoned Ordnance Presents Increasing Environmental and Health Hazards, International Satellite Collision Triggers Regulations Review, New Recommendations for Reducing ... |
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| West Adriatic Coastal Water Excursions into the East Adriatic |
15 Jan 2009 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Ivica Vilibic; Jeffrey W Book; Gordana B Paktar; Mirko Orlic; Vlado Dadic; Martina Tudor; Paul J Martin; Miroslava Pasaric; Branka Grbec; Frano Matic; Hrvoje Mihanovic; Mira Morovic; INSTITUTE OF OCEANOGRAPHY AND FISHERIES SPLIT (CROATIA)
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| A pool of less saline surface water was observed in late June 2006 at the northern edge of the South Adriatic Pit (SAP). Three possible sources were considered: (1) Albanian rivers, (2) local Croatian rivers, or (3) relatively fresh West Adriatic Current (WAC) waters. Available CTD and ADCP data, together with satellite images indicate that WAC waters are the most likely source. This requires an excursion of WAC water across ... |
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| Frontiers of Karst Research: Proceedings and recommendations of the workshop held in San Antonio, Texas on 3-5 May 2007. Karst Waters Institute Special Publication 13 |
08-Jan-2009 |
131 pages |
| Authors:
William B White; Jonathan B Martin; KARST WATERS INST CHARLES TOWN WV
|
| This project was a Workshop, held in San Antonio, Texas, May 3-5, 2007. The objective of the workshop was to assess the current state of knowledge of karst aquifers, caves, and the broader scientific values that could be derived from their study. The term karst is used to describe landscapes underlain by soluble rocks and as a result has developed landforms such as sinkholes, sinking streams, and caves. Such landscapes ... |
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| Simulation of Reactive Constituent Fate and Transport in Hydrologic Simulator GSSHA |
Jan-2009 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Charles W Downer; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS COASTAL AND HYDRAULICS LAB
|
| The purpose of this System-Wide Water Resources Program (SWWRP) technical note is to describe the new fate and transport routines in the Gridded Surface Subsurface Hydrologic Analysis (GSSHA) model. GSSHA is a watershed analysis and management tool that has the ability to simulate the movement of water, sediment and associated constituents at fine-scale increments ( 100 m) for fine temporal scales (seconds) over watershed scale areas. The resulting tool is ... |
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| Sediment Equilibrium and Diffusive Fluxes in Relation to Phosphorus Dynamics in the Turbid Minnesota River |
Jan-2009 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
William F James; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS COASTAL AND HYDRAULICS LAB
|
| Much is known regarding the importance of surface and subsurface runoff from agricultural watersheds in the regulation of soluble phosphorus (P) concentration in large river systems. However, in-stream processes such as equilibrium P flux from suspended sediment and diffusive P flux from deposited sediment stored in river channels may also play a role in soluble P control. Ranges in equilibrium partitioning between aqueous and exchangeable particulate P pools associated with ... |
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| Computational Model of a Lock Filling System |
Jan-2009 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Richard L Stockstill; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS COASTAL AND HYDRAULICS LAB
|
| This Coastal and Hydraulics Engineering Technical Note (CHETN) demonstrates the construction of a three-dimensional (3-D) computational flow model of a lock filling system. A numerical flow model capable of simulating flows in navigation locks will provide an economical tool for detailed evaluation of locks and lock components. A description of the construction, implementation, and evaluation of a 3-D model of a lock filling system is presented. Computational and hydraulic engineering ... |
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| Characterizations of Minerogenic Particles in Support of Modeling Light Scattering in Lake Superior Through a Two-Component Approach |
Jan-2009 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Feng Peng; David O'Donnell; Alan D Weidemann; Steve W Effler; Martin T Auer; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS OCEANOGRAPHY DIV
|
| The role of suspended minerogenic particles in light scattering in eastern Lake Superior and Keweenaw Bay (II sites) during July of 2006 was evaluated with an individual particle analysis technique (scanning electron microscopy interfaced with automated image and X-ray analyses, SAX), along with bulk paniculate scattering and backscattering coefficients (bp and bbp) and chlorophyll a concentration ([ChI]). SAX measurements provide light-scattering attributes of minerogenic particles, including chemical composition and particle ... |
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| Hurricane Ike Along the Upper Texas Coast: An Introduction |
Jan-2009 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Lihwa Lin; Nicholas C Kraus; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS COASTAL AND HYDRAULICS LAB
|
| This paper serves as an introduction for a group of papers documenting the severe coastal damage caused by Hurricane Ike that struck the Texas coast and southwest Louisiana coast in mid-September 2008. Background is first given to orient readers to the coastal area. The unusually long storm surge accompanying the hurricane is examined and its consequences for evacuation and property damage noted. Selected observations of damage to structures on west ... |
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| Limits of Wave Runup and Corresponding Beach-Profile Change from Large-Scale Laboratory Data. Revision |
Jan-2009 |
58 pages |
| Authors:
Tiffany M Roberts; Ping Wang; Nicholas C Kraus; UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA TAMPA DEPT OF GEOLOGY
|
| The dataset from the SUPERTANK laboratory experiment was analyzed to examine wave runup and the corresponding upper limit of beach-profile change. Thirty SUPERTANK runs were investigated that included both erosional and accretionary wavey conditions with random and monochromatic waves. The upper limit of beach change U(L) was found to approximately equal the vertical excursion of total wave runup, R(tw). An exception was runs where beach or dune scarps were produced, ... |
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| Impact of Dike Structures on Sediment Transport in the Alluvial Rivers |
Jan 2009 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Guohong Duan; ARIZONA UNIV TUCSON DEPT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
|
| OBJECTIVES: The project has two components: one is to apply a computational model (EnSed2D) into a practical river engineering project in the Mississippi River, and the other is to collect laboratory experimental data for model verification, and to perform risk and uncertainty analysis of modeling results to explore uncertain parameters affecting the predictions. In particular, this project aims to conduct laboratory experiments of flow hydrodynamic and sediment transport around dikes. ... |
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| Environmental Aspects of Dredging: What About Air Quality? |
Jan 2009 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Mark J Anderson; Brian D Barkdoll; CORPS OF ENGINEERS CHICAGO IL CHICAGO DISTRICT
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| Dredging has historically been important for keeping the nation's waterways navigable, mining, and more recently for the removal of contaminants and restoring natural habitat. The placement of dredged material, re-suspension of sediments, and contaminated dredged material could all result in adverse environmental impacts. These impacts have all been, and are being, studied extensively. What has not been investigated, however, are the air emissions resulting from dredging operations. The incorporation of ... |
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| Comparative Demonstration of Active and Semi-Passive in Situ Bioremediation Approaches for Perchlorate-Impacted Groundwater at Longhorn Army Ammunitions Plant |
Jan 2009 |
78 pages |
| Authors:
Evan Cox; Tom Krug; ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY TECHNOLOGY CERTIFICATION PROGRAM OFFICE (DOD) ARLINGTON VA
|
| The overall objective of this work was to demonstrate the efficacy of the semi-passive approach to EISB to generate accurate full-scale design and cost information for widespread technology consideration and application. The demonstration was designed to evaluate performance objectives, including 1) the ease of installation of system components, 2) the ease of electron donor delivery events, 3) the enhancement of microbiological activity and the reduction in perchlorate concentrations, 4) the ... |
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| The Competition of Tidal Mixing and Freshwater Forcing in Shaping the Outflow from Hudson Strait |
Jan 2009 |
|
| Authors:
Fiammetta Straneo; Luc Rainville; WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION MA DEPT OF PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY
|
| River discharge, precipitation and, in the high-latitudes, melt water from sea-ice or glaciers give rise to fresh and buoyant plumes which flow along topographic margins. These plumes form in coastal environments and are subject to a variety of processes, including tidal mixing and surface forcing, which rapidly modify their properties and their structure. We investigate how tidal mixing, surface forcing and a variable fresh water source act to modify a ... |
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| The Role of Biologically-Generated Turbulence in the Upper Ocean |
Jan 2009 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Eric Kunze; John Dower; Richard Dewey; VICTORIA UNIV (BRITISH COLUMBIA)
|
| Our interests are in oceanic processes that contribute to stirring and mixing to understand their impact on larger scales so that better sub-grid scale parameterizations may be implemented. This includes phenomena ranging from the microscale (1 cm) up to the mesoscale (10-100 km). Work on ocean biosphere energetics suggests that schooling marine organisms might generate turbulent dissipation rates with as much as 1 TW available globally to generate ocean turbulence. ... |
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| Processes Controlling Transfer of Fine-Grained Sediment within and Between Channels and Flats on Intertidal Flats |
Jan 2009 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Andrea S Ogston; WASHINGTON UNIV SEATTLE SCHOOL OF OCEANOGRAPHY
|
| A long-term goal of our sediment transport and accumulation investigations is to link sediment transport processes to the formation and preservation of event beds in sediment deposits. The general goal of this project is to investigate how forcing processes (e.g., tidal asymmetry, winds, river discharge and biological activity) affect the sediment-transport dynamics that act to import finegrained sediment. The resulting product is the formation of mud-flat environments with complex morphology ... |
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| Remote Sensing and Modeling of Coherent Structures in River and Estuarine Flows |
Jan 2009 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Andrew T Jessup; Robert L Street; Stephen G Monismith; Alexander R Horner-Devine; WASHINGTON UNIV SEATTLE APPLIED PHYSICS LAB
|
| The long-term goals of this research are to combine state-of-the-art remote sensing and in situ measurements with advanced numerical modeling (a) to characterize coherent structures in river and estuarine flows and (b) to determine the extent to which their remotely sensed signatures can be used to initialize and guide predictive models. Coherent structures are generated by the interaction of the flow with bathymetric and coastline features. These coherent structures produce ... |
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| Hydrodynamics and Morphodynamics of Tidal Channels |
Jan 2009 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Stephen M Henderson; WASHINGTON STATE UNIV VANCOUVER
|
| The long-term goals of this project are to measure, model, and understand the dynamics of currents, waves, and sediment transport over tidal flats, with particular emphasis on the interactions between water flows and bathymetry. The specific objectives of this study are as follows: (1) to measure water flows and bathymetric evolution within and around the tidal channels of Skagit Bay, and (2) to explain the observed interactions between hydrodynamics and ... |
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| Currents in Rivers Observed by Spaceborne Along-Track InSAR -CuRiOSATI- |
Jan 2009 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Roland Romeiser; Hans C Graber; ROSENSTIEL SCHOOL OF MARINE AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE MIAMI FL DIV OF APPLIED MARINE PHYSICS
|
| The long-term goal of this project is the establishment of receiving, processing, and interpretation capabilities for spaceborne along-track interferometric synthetic aperture radar (along-track InSAR, ATI) data at the University of Miami's Center for Southeastern Tropical Advanced Remote Sensing (CSTARS) for high-resolution surface current field mapping with special emphasis on applications in estuarine environments and rivers. |
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| Ripple Morphology under Oscillatory Flow |
Jan 2009 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Marcelo H Garcia; Francisco Pedocchi; Blake J Landry; ILLINOIS UNIV AT URBANA DEPT OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
|
| Our ultimate long-term goal is to further the understanding of bed morphology and sediment dynamics under oscillatory flows. Experiments will be conducted to expand existing data sets of sand bed morphology and evolution in large scale laboratory facilities under controlled flow conditions. Based on this additional insight from the improved data set we aim to advance presently available tools for the prediction of sediment bed configuration. OBJECTIVES The main objective ... |
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| Measurements of 3-D Circulation and Particles Dispersion in Skagit Bay from Lagrangian Drifters |
Jan 2009 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Luca Centurioni; Pearn P Niiler; SCRIPPS INSTITUTION OF OCEANOGRAPHY LA JOLLA CA
|
| The long-term scientific objective of this proposal is to study the hydrodynamics of near-shore environments using novel instrumentation and techniques. Special focus is on the spatial structure of the flow that dominates erosion, transport, and dispersion processes. We also aim to provide a methodology to test the validity of numerical simulations. The first objective is to develop an efficient sampling scheme to measure the flow in the shallow estuarine and ... |
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| Sediment Transport at Density Fronts in Shallow Water |
Jan 2009 |
|
| Authors:
David K Ralston; WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION MA
|
| The goal of this research is to quantify through observations and modeling how density fronts in shallow estuarine flows impact the mobilization, redistribution, trapping, and deposition of suspended sediment. The objectives of this research program are to implement a high-resolution, 3-dimensional, finite-volume hydrodynamic model of tidal flats field site including advanced sediment transport algorithms, integrate and test a set of field instruments to measure density, velocity, and suspended sediment concentration ... |
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| Temporal and Spatial Scales of Terrestrially-derived Particulate and Dissolved Material in the Penobscot River System: Quantifying Conserved and Non-conserved Optical Properties and Transformations Within the Estuary |
Jan 2009 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Andrew H Bernard; Collin S Roesler; WESTERN ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY LAB INC (WET LABS INC) PHILOMATH OR
|
| Coastal waters represent the commingling of offshore marine and terrestrial surface source waters and therefore are naturally complex and variable. Our long term goal is to establish observational and modeling approaches to predict sources and scales of variability in the source waters, particularly those related to land use activities in upstream watersheds, from observations and measurements in the coastal waters. Hydrologic optics provides an approach to characterizing physical and biogeochemical ... |
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| Drifter Trajectories in Riverine Environments |
Jan 2009 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Jamie MacMahan; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA DEPT OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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| The long-term goal is to understand the Lagrangian surface behavior in natural riverine systems by deploying a fleet of GPS-equipped drifters. The primary objective is to deploy NPS and QinetiQ GPS-equipped surface drifters in a number of natural rivers to describe dispersion and the spatially varying velocity field. The drifter observations will be compared to the underlying river morphology and compared with numerical models, such as Delft3D and USGS river ... |
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| Prediction of Hydrodynamics for Unidirectional Flow |
Jan 2009 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
H T Ozkan-Haller; OREGON STATE UNIV CORVALLIS COLL OF OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
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| Our long term goal is to develop an understanding of the relationship between channel geometry and three-dimensional flow features in rivers. One application of such an understanding would be the prediction of channel geometry given observations of flow velocities. Assess the applicability of the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS) to riverine environments. For this purpose we will utilize the Flow and Sediment Transport Morphological Evolution of Channels (FaSTMECH) model developed ... |
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| A Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM) Observatory |
Jan 2009 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Robert F Chen; G B Gardner; Yong Tian; MASSACHUSETTS UNIV BOSTON DEPT OF ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH AND OCEAN SCIENCES
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| The long-term goal of this project is to develop an understanding of coastal systems such that optical properties of complex coastal waters can be retrieved and predicted from remote sensing and modeling efforts. This project focuses on establishing a moderate-scale observatory to develop watershed and coastal ocean models and remote sensing algorithms and extending this knowledge to a larger system. The specific objectives of the project are as follows: (1) ... |
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| Morphodynamic Feedbacks during Vegetation Colonization of Tideflats |
Jan 2009 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
W G Hood; SKAGIT RIVER SYSTEM COOPERATIVE LACONNER WA
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| The long-term goal of this effort is to understand interactions and feedbacks between biotic and physical process in tideflat morphodynamics. Investigated biotic processes consist primarily of vegetation colonization of tideflats. Physical process include those related to hydrodynamics, such as flow, sediment transport, salinity regime, inundation period, wave/storm disturbance, flood disturbance. |
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Hydrology, Limnology and Potamology
