| The Tactile Modality: A Review of Tactile Sensitivity and Human Tactile Interfaces |
MAY 2007 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Kimberly Myles; Mary S. Binseel; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
|
 | Even though vision is only one modality humans use to interact with their environment, most people consider it to be the most important. Hearing also is viewed as necessary for interpreting environmental stimuli. In contrast, touch, smell, and taste are largely ignored as being essential to humans' interaction with the environment. The brain seldom processes environmental information sequentially using successive sensory modalities; rather, it simultaneously processes stimuli from several or ... |
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| Human Factors Evaluation of the XM30 Guided Multiple Launch Rocket System (GMLRS) in the Combined High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS)-GMLRS Initial Operational Test |
MAY 2007 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Charles L. Hernandez; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
|
| The primary purpose of this effort by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) was to record Soldier-participant comments, impressions, and any recommendations for improving the guided multiple launch rocket system (GMLRS) in areas related to the design of the rocket itself and the training required to handle, maintain, and employ it with the use of the high mobility artillery rocket system (HIMARS) launcher and its associated support vehicles. The GMLRS ... |
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| Galvanic Skin Response as a Measure of Soldier Stress |
MAY 2007 |
37 pages |
| Authors:
Chuck H. Perala; Bruce S. Sterling; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
|
| In the ever-increasing realm of "high-tech" Soldier systems, one factor remains fairly constant: the human factor. The use of multiple high-tech and increasingly complex systems is intended to add capabilities to Soldiers and to reduce stress and workload. However, these systems may add increased levels of stress and workload onto Soldiers who are already at heightened levels of each because of the environments in which the systems are employed. To ... |
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| Human Factors Evaluation of the High Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS) in the Combined HIMARS-Guided Multiple Launch Rocket System (GMLRS) Initial Operational Test |
MAY 2007 |
73 pages |
| Authors:
Charles L. Hernandez; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
|
| The primary purpose of this effort by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) was to collect data that could be used to assess human factors issues related to mission performance, training, and safety. Using questionnaires specifically designed for this initial operational test (IOT), Soldier participant comments, we recorded impressions and recommendations for improving the HIMARS launcher and its associated support vehicles. Four multi-faceted questionnaires were developed to support the applicable ... |
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| New Military Strategic Communications System |
MAY 2007 |
64 pages |
| Authors:
Robert F. Baldwin; ARMY COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLL FORT LEAVENWORTH KS SCHOOL OF ADVANCED MILITARY STUDIES
|
| The United States government and the US military are struggling with strategic communications. To succeed the USG must improve its ability to understand the social context and cultural characteristics of the population, identify target audiences from a population, and engage the target audience through unified action. The Quadrennial Defense Review Roadmap for Strategic Communications and the Department of Defense, Report of the Defense Science Board Task Force on Strategic Communication ... |
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| Development and Validation of ATB Model for THOR-NT Dummy |
MAY 2007 |
89 pages |
| Authors:
Tariq Shams; Huaining Cheng; GENERAL ENGINEERING AND SYSTEMS ANALYSIS CO INC BOONSBORO MD
|
| THOR-NT is the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's (NHTSA) Advanced Frontal Impact Dummy. GESAC, Inc., in cooperation with NHTSA and Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL), has developed the Articulated Total Body (ATB) model for the THOR-NT dummy. ATB is a rigid-body dynamics simulation program. The ATB THOR-NT model consists of 21 segments coupled by 20 joints. Segment mass properties, joint mechanical properties, and surface contact properties were modeled from test ... |
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| An Assessment of Pilot Control Interfaces for Unmanned Aircraft |
APR 2007 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Kevin W. Williams; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROMEDICAL INST
|
| An inventory of control systems for unmanned aircraft was completed for 15 systems from nine separate manufacturers. To complete the inventory, a taxonomy of control architectures was developed. The taxonomy identified four levels of horizontal aircraft control, four levels of vertical control, and three levels of speed control. The most automated level of control was a waypoint-level that was found to be present in all of the systems inventoried. Implications ... |
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| Effects of the Advanced Combat Helmet (ACH) and Selected Communication and Hearing Protection Systems (C&HPSs) on Speech Communication: Talk-Through Systems |
APR 2007 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Rachel A. Weatherless; Rhoda M. Wilson; Lamar Garrett; Tomasz R. Letowski; Mary S. Binseel; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
|
| Communication in military settings must be clear and understandable to avoid possible fatal accidents and mistakes. Speech intelligibility is the overall quality of speech that makes it comprehensible. Intelligibility of speech depends on the properties of the talker, transmission channel, and the listener. The purpose of the reported study was to evaluate intelligibility of speech provided by five communication and hearing protection systems (C&HPSs) operating in talk-through mode. The systems ... |
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| Advanced Usability Evaluation Methods |
APR 2007 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Terence S. Andre; Margaret Schurig; AIR FORCE ACADEMY COLORADO SPRINGS CO INST FOR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY APPLICATIONS
|
| The Behavioral Sciences and Leadership Department at the United States Air Force Academy (USAFA) developed a low-cost human-computer interaction (HCI) laboratory in 2004. Since that time, the lab has grown into a teaching laboratory introducing HCI concepts to cadets in the Behavioral Sciences-Human Factors option as well as cadets in the Systems Engineering-Human Systems concentration. The HCI lab exposed cadets to contemporary methods and tools used in usability evaluation. The ... |
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| Exploring New Command and Control Concepts and Capabilities (Exploration de Nouveaux Concepts de Commandement et Controle et de Leurs Capacites) |
APR 2007 |
|
| Authors:
NATO RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATION NEUILLY-SUR-SEINE (FRANCE)
|
 | This Report documents the findings of SAS-050. The SAS-050 study group was formed primarily to develop a conceptual model of Command and Control (C2) that could ultimately assist decision makers in understanding C2 concepts and the implications to different approaches to C2. This report provides an in-depth discussion of the SAS-050 Reference Model and the Value View developed by the SAS-050 study group. Several chapters focus on specific sections of ... |
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| Future Cyborgs: Human-Machine Interface for Virtual Reality Applications |
Apr-2007 |
47 pages |
| Authors:
Robert R Powell; AIR WAR COLL MAXWELL AFB AL CENTER FOR STRATEGY AND TECHNOLOGY
|
| From its inception as a technology, virtual reality has promised to revolutionize the way we interact with our computers and each other. So far, the reality of virtual reality has not lived up to the hype. This paper explores what the state of virtual reality interface technology will be in the future by analyzing the current state of the art, forecasting trends in areas relevant to virtual reality interface research ... |
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| Head Tracker Evaluation Utilizing the Dynamic Tracker Test Fixture |
MAR 2007 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Judson L. Shattuck; Vincent M. Parisi; Arryn J. Smerdon; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH HUMAN EFFECTIVENESS DIRECTORATE
|
| In military aviation, head tracker technologies have become increasingly important to track the pilot's head position and orientation, allowing the user to quickly interact with the operational environment. This technology allows the pilot to quickly acquire items of interest and see Fighter Data Link type information. Acquiring the target on a helmet-mounted tracker/display which can automatically slew a weapon's seeker is far more efficient than having to point at the ... |
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| Evaluating Robot-Operator Job Performance |
MAR 2007 |
|
| Authors:
Franklin L. Moses; Peter S. Brooks; M. Hofmann; E. Johnson; J. Laveson; S. Zaccaro; INSTITUTE FOR DEFENSE ANALYSES ALEXANDRIA VA
|
| Assessments of small air and ground robot systems often focus on how well the equipment functions. Those assessments also should include the human operator and how well the robot and operator work together as an integrated system. Tests that do include performance of the human operator often rely on qualitative observations -- observer judgments and interviews about workload, situation awareness, cognitive issues, and so on. This paper views the operator ... |
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| Herc SAR Task 106: AIMS Feature Development |
MAR 2007 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Oliver Schoenborn; Paul Krga; CAE PROFESSIONAL SERVICES OTTAWA (ONTARIO)
|
| This document is the final report for Herc - SAR Task 106 - AIMS Feature Development. Several features to the AIMS simulation system, AIMSsim (previously called ELVISS), have been added to support human factors experimentation. The report summarizes the work performed and makes recommendations for the next phase. Software was developed to add scenario generation capability to the existing AIMSsim experimental research platform at DRDC. Core tasks were completed in ... |
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| An Initial Investigation of Factors Affecting Multi-Task Performance |
FEB 2007 |
48 pages |
| Authors:
Tersa A. Branscome; Jennifer C. Swoboda; Linda T. Fatkin; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
|
| This report presents the results of the first in a series of investigations designed to increase fundamental knowledge and understanding of the factors affecting multi-task performance in a military environment. The primary objective of this laboratory experiment was to measure and quantify the effects of individual differences on human performance in a multi-task environment. The secondary objective was to observe the effects of previous computer experience and practice and to ... |
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| Helmet Tracker Requirements and Measurement Verification |
FEB 2007 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Gary Martinsen; Judson Shattuck; Jeffrey Craig; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH HUMAN EFFECTIVENESS DIRECTORATE
|
| A helmet tracker is a critical element in the path that delivers targeting and other sensor data to the user of a helmet-mounted display (HMD) in a military aircraft. This paper reviews helmet tracker technology with respect to use in military aviation. The human factors limitations of helmet tracker systems for delivering both targeting and flight reference information to a military pilot are also discussed. This paper also presents data ... |
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| An Assessment of Thermal Stress Effects on Flight Mishaps That Involve Pilot Human Factors |
FEB 2007 |
64 pages |
| Authors:
Sandra C. Miarecki; Stefan H. Constable; HUMAN SYSTEMS WING (311TH) BROOKS CITY-BASE TX PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT DIRECTORATE
|
| In recent years, the designers of the newest DoD fighter aircraft, such as the F-35 and the F-22, have examined the feasibility of new physiological equipment for the pilots such as the full-coverage, temperature-regulated G-suits. A question was posed as to whether there was a correlation between extreme temperatures and current mishap rates in legacy fighters, thereby giving a baseline for the newer fighters to compare their performance. This study ... |
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| Advanced Integrated Multi-Sensor Surveillance (AIMS. Operator Machine Interface (OMI) Definition Study |
FEB 2007 |
142 pages |
| Authors:
Kevin Baker; Gord Youngson; CAE PROFESSIONAL SERVICES OTTAWA (ONTARIO)
|
| To enhance the capability of airborne search and rescue (SAR) and surveillance, particularly at night and in poor weather, a multi sensor electro optical imaging system, the Advanced Integrated Multi sensor Surveillance (AIMS) system, is being developed by Defence Research & Development Canada. The AIMS system is advanced through active gated capability and the integration of five sensors into a single gimbal. As such, the system will support a myriad ... |
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| Cognitive Aspects and Behavioral Effects of Transitions Between Levels of Automation |
06 JAN 2007 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Francesco Di Nocera; Marco Camilli; Michela Terenzi; Roberto Nacchia; ROME UNIV (ITALY) DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| This report results from a contract tasking University of Rome 'La Sapienza' as follows: The Grantee investigated the relation between scan path (ocular activity) and mental workload on the basis of the consideration that high workload should produce fixations grouping (because the operator needs to focus on some specific feature of the interface/task) whereas low workload should be associated with regular patterns, indicating a regular check of the interface space. ... |
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| SNIF-ACT: A Cognitive Model of User Navigation on the World Wide Web |
03 JAN 2007 |
68 pages |
| Authors:
Wai-Tat Fu; Peter Pirolli; ILLINOIS UNIV AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN SAVOY AVIATION HUMAN FACTORS DIVISION
|
| We describe the development of a computational cognitive model that explains navigation behavior on the World Wide Web (WWW). The model, called SNIF-ACT (Scent-based Navigation and Information Foraging in the ACT cognitive architecture), is motivated by Information Foraging Theory (IFT), which quantifies the perceived relevance of a Web link to a user goal by a spreading activation mechanism. The model assumes that users evaluate links on a Web page sequentially, ... |
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| Computer-Aided Visualization in Meteorology |
01-Jan-2007 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
J G Trafton; Robert R Hoffman; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC CENTER FOR APPLIED RESEARCH IN ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
|
| Our topic in this chapter is not so much what happens when experts have to work "out of context," but how cognitive engineering might help weather forecasters, in particular, remain within familiar decision-making spaces by improving on their display technology. Most weather forecasters get data, charts, and satellite images from Internet sources. In this chapter, we discuss some of what we know about how weather forecasters use information technology to ... |
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| HSI and Cognitive Modeling |
JAN 2007 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Deborah A. Boehm-Davis; GEORGE MASON UNIV FAIRFAX VA
|
| This project involved two components: (a) data collection to understand the performance outcomes resulting from interruptions and (b) knowledge/skill enhancement for an ONR project officer. The data collection efforts included both naturalistic and laboratory observations of performance as a function of interruptions. The naturalistic study demonstrated the difficulties inherent in this type of research and provided the foundation for the development of a laboratory task on which data were collected, ... |
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| Architectural Vulnerabilities of Third-Generation Portable Devices |
JAN 2007 |
77 pages |
| Authors:
Shiu-Kai Chin; SYRACUSE UNIV NY
|
| The development of the Handheld Evidence Recovery Operator (HERO) has created a new paradigm for extracting evidence from portable devices without modifying the device. We developed a handheld evidence recovery operator to address the challenges created by user passwords and PINs, and a standalone tool to copy the data located on the device to an external storage medium without modifying the device. |
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| Performance in Non-to-Face Collaborative Information Environments |
JAN 2007 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Brooke B. Schaab; J. D. Dressel; Mark A. Sabol; Andrea L. Rittman; ARMY RESEARCH INST FOR THE BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES ALEXANDRIA VA
|
| Using technology to obtain and process information requires training not only in human-computer interaction but also in human-human-computer (collaborative) interaction. Warfighters must not only develop their own situational awareness (SA), they must understand each others' SA (Pew, 1995). This common ground is what each collaboration participant assumes about the others to ensure effective interactions (Ross, 2003; Wellons, 1993). Communication is key. Collaborators must coordinate and share information. Collaboration influences military ... |
|
| SAFE Journal. Volume 35, Number 1, Spring 2007 |
Jan-2007 |
43 pages |
| Authors:
JOURNAL OF THE SAFE ASSOCIATION CRESWELL OR
|
| The primary objective of the SAFE Association is to stimulate research and development in the fields of safety, survival, and life support. The Associate seeks to disseminate information to professionals from industry, government and education, and to maintain a meaningful relationship with the scientific communities related to safety, survival, and life support. Feature articles in this issue include: An Examination of Survival Rates Based on External Floatation Devices: A Helicopter ... |
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| Custom Work Aids for Distributed Command and Control Teams: A Key to Enabling Highly Effective Teams |
Jan-2007 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Samuel R Kuper; Beth L Giurelli; Sandeep Mulgund; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH HUMAN EFFECTIVENESS DIRECTORATE
|
| This paper presents an approach for designing information technology-based work aids to enable high work efficiency and effectiveness (E&E) for a distributed and networked command and control (C2) team. The authors believe this approach can be utilized to achieve these high-efficiency goals for other C2 teams as well. A common approach to supporting distributed teams is with general purpose collaboration tools (such as chat, whiteboards, file sharing, etc.). Because of ... |
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| Adaptive Automation for Human-Robot Teaming in Future Command and Control Systems |
Jan-2007 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Raja Parasuraman; Michael Barnes; Sandeep Mulgund; Keryl Cosenzo; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
|
| Advanced command and control (C2) systems such as the U.S. Army's Future Combat Systems (FCS) will increasingly use more flexible, reconfigurable components, including numerous robotic (unmanned) air and ground vehicles. Human operators will be involved in supervisory control of unmanned vehicles (UVs) with the need for occasional manual intervention. This paper discusses the design of automation support in C2 systems with multiple UVs. Following a model of effective human-automation interaction ... |
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| Acceptability of a Wearable Vital Sign Detection System |
2007 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
William J. Tharion; Mark J. Buller; Anthony J. Karis; Stephen P. Mullen; ARMY RESEARCH INST OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE NATICK MA BIOPHYSICS AND BIOMEDICAL MODELING DIV
|
| This study assessed the human factors issues associated with wearing a Vital Sign Detection System (VSDS), a body worn physiological monitoring system. Experienced combat Soldiers (n = 27) participated in a combat training exercise of ~ 120 hr while wearing the VSDS. They were then given a questionnaire to assess comfort, physical impact on the body, and acceptability of the VSDS as well as questions on fit, impact on performance, ... |
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| Tactile Displays and Detectability of Vibrotactile Patterns as Combat Assault Maneuvers are Being Performed |
DEC 2006 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Andrea S. Krausman; Timothy L. White; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
|
| This study examined the issues related to tactile displays and the detectability of vibrotactile patterns as combat assault maneuvers were being performed. Three obstacles were used in this study: tires, windows, and high crawl. A baseline condition, in which participants received tactile patterns while standing, was also included in the analysis. In the baseline condition, participants detected and identified 100% of the tactile patterns. Analysis of the obstacle data showed ... |
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| A Module For Employing Human Systems Integration into the Rapid Equipping Force (REF) |
DEC 2006 |
179 pages |
| Authors:
Leon A. Higgins; Demetrius D. Mack; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The rapidly changing complexity of the Global War on Terrorism has changed the approach to equipping forward deployed military forces. Combatant Commanders conducting operations now require timely materiel solutions to enhance mission capabilities and reduce risk for individual Soldiers. To address this challenge the U.S. Army established the Rapid Equipping Force (REF) to assess emerging requirements, to propose solutions to those requirements, and to implement those solutions in an expedient ... |
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| Intelligent Electronic Navigational Aids: A New Approach |
Dec-2006 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Costin Barbu; Geary Layne; Maura Lohrenz; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS
|
| The smart management of clutter is a key component in designing intelligent, next-generation user interfaces and electronic displays. Intelligent devices can enhance a user's situational awareness under adverse conditions. In this paper we present two approaches to assist a user with target detection and clutter analysis, and we suggest how these tools could be integrated with an electronic chart system. The first tool, an information fusion technique, is a multiple-view ... |
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| The Effects of Ejection Seat Cushion Design on Physical Fatigue and Cognitive Performance |
NOV 2006 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
Joseph Pellettiere; Julia Parakkat; David Reynolds; Manikandan Sasidharan; Muhamed El-Zoghbi; Aernout Oudenhuijzen; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH HUMAN EFFECTIVENESS DIRECTORATE
|
| The detrimental effects of prolonged sitting during long-duration flights include deep vein thrombosis, pressure sores, and decreased awareness and performance. However, the cushion is often the only component of the ejection seat system that can be modified to mitigate these effects. This study investigated the long-duration effects of sitting in four ejection seat cushions over eight hours. Subjective comfort survey data and cognitive performance data were gathered along with comparative ... |
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| A Methodology for Evaluating Advanced Operator Workstation Accommodation |
NOV 2006 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey A. Hudson; Gregory F. Zehner; Julia Parakkat; Hyeg J. Choi; GENERAL DYNAMICS ADVANCED INFORMATION SYSTEMS DAYTON OH
|
| While the Human Systems Engineering (HSE) process is wide and varied during system development, part of it must seek to maximize mission effectiveness through experimentation and analysis in two areas: 1) physical layout - to ensure the widest physical accommodation range of operator body size and proportion, 2) reduction of performance reducing fatigue. This white paper outlines a methodological approach that should be used to optimize and evaluate the physical ... |
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| Human-System Technology: Human-Robot Interaction to Address Critical Navy Needs of the Present and Future |
31 OCT 2006 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Robert J. Hansen; Jeffrey M. Bradshaw; Anil Raj; Clark Glymour; Jerry Pratt; FLORIDA INSTITUTE FOR HUMAN AND MACHINE COGNITION INC PENSACOLA FL
|
| The Institute for Human and Machine Cognition (IHMC) is pleased to submit a report of progress on the project "Human Systems Technology" for the 2005 fiscal year. This fiscal year work began on May 1, 2005 and was completed on July 31, 2006. Also called Human-Centered Computing, this multidisciplinary field exploits advances in cognitive research together with those in computer science and related areas to optimize the cognitive, perceptual, and/or ... |
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| A Human Factors Analysis of Aided Target Recognition Technology |
OCT 2006 |
62 pages |
| Authors:
Bruce S. Sterling; Catherine N. Jacobson; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
|
| We conducted a study to address three research objectives: (1) to determine how the use of a specific aided target recognition (AiTR) system affected scout workload, stress, and performance; (2) to examine Soldier-system interface issues; (3) to determine tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) for using AiTR. We found that overall workload, stress, and performance with AiTR were acceptable, although subject matter expert ratings of scout performance may have been lenient ... |
|
| Secure Mobility Draft Concept Description |
OCT 2006 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Patrick Nunze; ARMY TANK-AUTOMOTIVE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER WARREN MI VETRONICS TECHNOLOGY AREA
|
| The Secure Mobility Concept allows a crew to perform mobility tasks and to have a continuous, real-time understanding of their local environment during high-tempo missions without relying upon direct vision. This briefing discusses the concept and present problems in implementing. |
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| The RADAR Test Methodology: Evaluating a Multi-Task Machine Learning System with Humans in the Loop |
OCT 2006 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Aaron Steinfeld; Rachael Bennett; Kyle Cunningham; Matt Lahut; Pablo-Alejandro Quinones; Django Wexler; Dan Siewiorek; Paul Cohen; Julie Fitzgerald; Othar Hansson; CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA SCHOOL OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
|
| The RADAR (Reflective Agents with Distributed Adaptive Reasoning) project involves a collection of machine learning research thrusts that are integrated into a cognitive personal assistant. Progress is examined with a test developed to measure the impact of learning when used by a human user. Three conditions (conventional tools, Radar without learning, and Radar with learning) are evaluated in a large-scale, between-subjects study. This paper describes the RADAR Test with a ... |
|
| Using Human Systems Integration and Knowledge Engineering to Define and Design Anti-Terrorism/Force Protection Systems and Solutions |
OCT 2006 |
69 pages |
| Authors:
D. Lulue; G. Wilford; D. Gill-Hesselgrave; SPACE AND NAVAL WARFARE SYSTEMS CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| This report provides study analyses, findings, and improvement recommendations based on work domain data collected by SSC San Diego and SSC Charleston. "Worked examples" of how to best use Human Systems Integration (HSI), Knowledge Engineering (KE), Business Process Modeling (BPM), and User-Centered Design (UCD) elements to investigate, model, and re-engineer AT/FP processes are included. The authors' hypothesis throughout their investigations was that by following these processes and applying the principles ... |
|
| Specification for Visual Requirements of Work-Centered Software Systems |
OCT 2006 |
117 pages |
| Authors:
James R. Knapp; WRIGHT STATE UNIV DAYTON OH DEPT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
|
| Work-centered software systems function as inherent work-aiding systems. Based on the design concept for a work- centered support system (WCSS), these software systems support user tasks and goals through both direct and indirect aiding methods within the interface client. In order to ensure the coherent development and delivery of work- centered software products, WCSS visual interface requirements must be specified in order to capture the cognitive and work-aiding aspects of ... |
|
| A Structured Reasoning Space for Design of Complex, Socio-Technical Systems |
OCT 2006 |
140 pages |
| Authors:
Gavan Lintern; GENERAL DYNAMICS ADVANCED INFORMATION SYSTEMS DAYTON OH
|
| This research project was undertaken to develop a concept for representing the products of a Cognitive Work Analysis (CWA) in a comprehensive, integrated fashion that would better support the application of Cognitive Systems Engineering practice within the traditional Systems Engineering process. CWA takes a more structured approach to representation than is common within Cognitive Systems Engineering. It is a multi-phase analytic process that develops representations for functional structure, tasks, strategies, ... |
|
| Work-Centered Design and Evaluation of a C2 Visualization Aid |
OCT 2006 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Emilie Roth; Ronald Scott; Tom Kazmierczak; Randall Whitaker; Mona Stilson; Gina Thomas-Meyers; Jeffrey Wampler; ROTH COGNITIVE ENGINEERING BROOKLINE MA
|
| Command and Control (C2) operators increasingly need to assimilate large amounts of near-real time data distributed across multiple sources to identify, interpret, and mentally fuse the information necessary to accomplish their work. We have been developing and applying work-centered design and evaluation methodologies to design advanced visualization and support tools intended to more effectively support C2 cognitive and collaborative work. This paper reports the results of a work-centered visualization aid ... |
|
| Quantification of Visual Capabilities Using Augmented Reality Displays |
Oct-2006 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Mark A Livingston; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC CENTER FOR COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE
|
| In order to be able to perceive and recognize objects or surface properties of objects, one must be able to resolve the features. These perceptual tasks can be difficult for both graphical representations and real objects in augmented reality (AR) displays. This paper presents the results of objective measurements and two user studies. The first evaluation explores visual acuity and contrast sensitivity; the second explores color perception. Both experiments test ... |
|
| New Trends in Intelligent Electronic Navigational Aids |
Oct-2006 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Costin Barbu; Geary Layne; Maura Lohrenz; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS
|
| The smart management of clutter is a key component in designing intelligent, next-generation user interfaces and electronic displays. Intelligent devices can enhance a user's situational awareness under adverse conditions. In this paper we present two approaches to assist a user with target detection and clutter analysis, and we suggest how these tools could be integrated with an electronic chart system. The first tool, an information fusion technique, is a multiple-view ... |
|
| Getting to Local Information: The Role of Different Costs |
22 SEP 2006 |
84 pages |
| Authors:
Vidya Rajaram; OREGON STATE UNIV CORVALLIS DEPT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
|
| Finding information can cost a significant amount of time, even when the information is already stored on the user's local computer system. There is significant research aimed at reducing these time costs, but little research into exactly what these costs are or how they impact people's use of tools and technologies to access local information. This thesis presents a methodology for investigating such issues, and uses the methodology to report ... |
|
| RUX Experimental Review for Technology Transfer |
21 SEP 2006 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Kaleb McDowell; Patrick Nunez; Brian Novak; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WARREN MI
|
| The purpose of this briefing was to review RDECOM UAMBL Experiment FY06 (RUX06) efforts to be transitioned to Future Combat Systems (FCS) Common and Mission crew station developers under a Technology Transfer Agreement. The Crew Automation and integration Testbed (CAT) allows soldiers to engage targets from their manned and unmanned assets using the FC-NET fire control system. |
|
| Crew-integration and Automation Testbed (CAT)Program Overview and RUX06 Introduction |
20 SEP 2006 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Patrick Nunez; Terry Tierney; Brian Novak; Kaleb McDowell; ARMY TANK-AUTOMOTIVE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER WARREN MI VETRONICS TECHNOLOGY AREA
|
| Network-centric warfare introduces large amounts of information into combat vehicles, including data from unmanned assets that must be supervised on the battlefield. The Crew-integration and Automation Testbed (CAT) seeks to improve performance and/or reduce the workload for a mounted Soldier through the use of automated software tools and the integration of autonomous mobility systems on the manned platform. |
|
| Neck Muscle Fatigue with Helmet-Mounted Systems |
SEP 2006 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Edward S. Eveland; Joseph A. Pellettiere; HUMAN EFFECTIVENESS DIRECTORATE WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH AIRCREW PROTECTION BRANCH
|
| Helmet-mounted systems (HMS) allow aircrew to perform more efficiently in poor conditions. Optics allow improved visibility, night vision, helmet-mounted displays, and targeting capability. The cost to use them in high performance aircraft is unknown. Test flights were made with pilots wearing HMS and neck muscles were evaluated. Objectives were to test the functionality of the helmet-mounted devices and to determine the impact on pilots using them during high G acceleration. ... |
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| Design, Implementation and Testing of a Common Data Model Supporting Autonomous Vehicle Compatibility and Interoperability |
SEP 2006 |
359 pages |
| Authors:
Duane T. Davis; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| Current autonomous vehicle interoperability is limited by vehicle-specific data formats and support systems. Until a standardized approach to autonomous vehicle command and control is adopted, true interoperability will remain elusive. This work explores the applicability of a data model supporting arbitrary vehicles using the Extensible Markup Language (XML). An exemplar, the Autonomous Vehicle Command Language (AVCL), encapsulates behavior-scripted mission definition, goalbased mission definition, inter-vehicle communication, and mission results. Broad applicability ... |
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| DARPA Improving Warfighter Information Intake Under Stress -- Augmented Cognition. Volume 1. Phase 2: Concept Validation Experiment |
SEP 2006 |
66 pages |
| Authors:
J. G. Morrison; D. A. Kobus; C. M. Brown; SPACE AND NAVAL WARFARE SYSTEMS CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
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| This report documents the successful completion of Phase II of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) Improving Warfighter Information Intake Under Stress (IWIIUS) program. It describes the successful results of four industry teams building Closed-Loop Integrated Prototype (CLIP) systems that demonstrate how the limitations of human cognition can be addressed by augmenting cognition with advanced cognitive state sensors that provide input to complex computational systems. A cognitive bottleneck was ... |
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| Two Chapters of Technical Report: Unmanned Military Vehicles - Human Factors of Augmenting the Force Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 8: Summary: Issues and Conclusions |
SEP 2006 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Mark Draper; John Reising; Robert Taylor; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH HUMAN EFFECTIVENESS DIRECTORATE
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| The terms of Reference (TOR) for the Task Group (TG) lists as its objective to seek to augment the force using uninhabited military vehicles (UMV's) by leveraging the potential advantages of UMV's to act as force multipliers. Since there are no truly uninhabited systems - operators will always be in the loop in some fashion - human factors issues become crucial to the successful operation of these systems. In modern ... |
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Human Factors Engineering & Man Machine System
