| Vision-Based Interest Point Extraction Evaluation in Multiple Environments |
01-Sep-2008 |
207 pages |
| Authors:
Zachary D McKeehan; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
 | Computer-based vision is becoming a primary sensor mechanism in many facets of real world 2-D and 3-D applications, including autonomous robotics, augmented reality, object recognition, motion tracking, and biometrics. Vision's ability to utilize non-volatile features to serve as permanent landmarks in motion tracking provides a superior basis for applications such as initial self-localization, future re-localization, and 3-D scene reconstruction and mapping. Furthermore, the increased reliance of the United States armed ... |
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| Improving Situational Awareness on Submarines Using Augmented Reality |
01-Sep-2008 |
121 pages |
| Authors:
Ronald V Hatt; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Modern submarines are complex machines operating in a harsh environment. Although technology has been rapidly introduced in the submarine fleet submariners must process more information due to increases in sensor capability and information available for decision-making. Unfortunately improvements in the human-systems interfaces have not kept up with the new technology. Incidents involving human error are still occurring at an unacceptable rate in the modern fleet. This thesis addresses the deficiency ... |
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| Identification of Human Factors Concerns in Joint Strike Fighter and Training Recommendations |
01-Sep-2008 |
161 pages |
| Authors:
Arif B Bitik; Buelent Kueluenk; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Military aviation is the frontier of implementing leading edge technology. The major objectives of advanced technology aircraft are to increase pilot safety and mission efficiency; the Joint Strike Fighter, the most modern fighter aircraft under development, has many technological innovations for just this purpose. A common fact is that technology develops and is used faster than it can be researched thoroughly. This thesis seeks to identify and mitigate potential human ... |
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| Ergonomic Impact of Fastening Operation (Preprint) |
Sep-2008 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
A Joshi; M Leu; S Murray; MISSOURI UNIV-ROLLA
|
| Fastener installation is a major operation on the assembly shop floor of manufacturing industries. The operator often performs fastening operations at awkward postures depending upon the workplace layout and assembly requirement. These factors combined with the forces involved in the fastening operation put the operator at risk of ergonomics related injuries. In order to design safer workplaces and tools it is necessary to identify the causes of injuries by quantifying ... |
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| Analysis of Eye Movements in Change Detection with Teams Using a Simulated Tactical Situation Display |
Sep-2008 |
93 pages |
| Authors:
Camilla C Knott; William T Nelson; Megan K McCroskey; Brent T Miller; NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL WASHINGTON DC
|
| Change blindness results from the absence of attention from the source of a change. Unsurprisingly, change blindness worsens in dual task and high workload conditions. Such is the environment in which teams of operators in military command and control missions operate, yet little is known about change blindness susceptibility in these conditions. A flicker task required individuals and dyads to detect changes under high and low task difficulty. Reaction time, ... |
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| Tactile Displays for Orientation, Navigation and Communication in Air, Sea and Land Environments (Les systemes d'affichage tactiles pour l'orientation, la navigation et la communication dans les environments aerien, maritime et terrestre) |
Aug-2008 |
|
| Authors:
van; J B Erp; B P Self; NATO RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATION NEUILLY-SUR-SEINE (FRANCE)
|
 | This report describes the state-of-the-art of touch-based displays in military environments: neurophysiology, psychophysics, perceptual and human factors issues, hardware and integration issues and lessons learned, and future directions. The document gives an overview of NATO activities and is useful for both end users and designers. |
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| Visual Analysis of North Atlantic Hurricane Trends Using Parallel Coordinates and Statistical Techniques |
07-Jul-2008 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Chad A Steed; Patrick J Fitzpatrick; T J Swan Jankun-Kelly; J E II; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS MARINE GEOSCIENCES DIV
|
| The integration of automated statistical analysis capabilities with a highly interactive, multivariate visualization interface is presented in this paper. Innovative visual interaction techniques such as dynamic axis scaling, conjunctive parallel coordinates, statistical indicators, and aerial perspective shading are exploited to enhance the utility of classical parallel coordinate plots. Moreover, the system facilitates statistical processes such as stepwise regression and correlation analysis to assist in the identification and quantification of the ... |
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| Effective Motion Tracking Using Known and Learned Actuation Models |
06-Jun-2008 |
137 pages |
| Authors:
Yang Gu; CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA SCHOOL OF COMPUTER SCIENCE
|
| Robots need to track objects. We consider tasks where robots actuate on the target that is visually tracked. Object tracking efficiency completely depends on the accuracy of the motion model and of the sensory information. The motion model of the target becomes particularly complex in the presence of multiple agents acting on a mobile target. We assume that the tracked object is actuated by a team of agents, composing of ... |
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| Optimalisatie Draagsysteem (Optimization of the Load Carriage System) |
01-Jun-2008 |
|
| Authors:
C L Koerhuis; P Rensink; J van Schijndel; TNO DEFENCE SECURITY AND SAFETY SOESTERBERG (NETHERLANDS)
|
| Besides positive effects of an earlier developed load carriage system in which the load was carried predominantly on the hips, mobility was increased and protection and load carriage was integrated into one system (ILCS), tilting of the hip belt caused an unacceptable amount of discomfort. After optimization of the construction of the ILCS (ILCS-II), the performance while wearing the ILCS-II was compared with the performance while wearing the current load ... |
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| Improved Decision Making in an Environment of Extreme Uncertainty through the Application of Augmented Cognition |
01-Jun-2008 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Jack Lenahan; Phil Charles; Mike Nash; SPACE AND NAVAL WARFARE SYSTEMS CENTER NORTH CHARLESTON SC
|
| The hypothesis of this paper is as follows: Uncertainty and inconsistency during complex endeavors can be reduced through the application of augmented cognition. An analysis of the genealogy of modern decision aides leads one to conclude that we should only be discussing the capability spectrum of intelligent software agents. We believe that this represents a limited view of the field of automated decision aides and assisted cognition. Instead of asking ... |
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| A Sensemaking Visualization Tool with Military Doctrinal Elements |
01-Jun-2008 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
Celestine A Ntuen; Kim Gwang-Myung; NORTH CAROLINA AGRICULTURAL AND TECHNICAL STATE UNIV GREENSBORO ARMY CENTER FOR HUMAN-CENTRIC COMMAND AND CONTROL DECISION MAKING
|
| The Army's Center of Battlefield Excellence in Human-Centric Command & Control Decision Making is exploring how to use information visualization to enable collaborative sensemaking. The goal is to provide a common operating picture with shared situation awareness in the context of dynamic task situations. We have developed a Sensemaking Support System (S3), a prototype sensemaking visualization tool with situation understanding capability and knowledge discovery components. We experimentally validate the utility ... |
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| Evaluation of Organizational Designs with Network-Centric Philosophy |
01-Jun-2008 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Celestine A Ntuen; Kim Gwang-Myung; Eui H Park; NORTH CAROLINA AGRICULTURAL AND TECHNICAL STATE UNIV GREENSBORO ARMY CENTER FOR HUMAN-CENTRIC COMMAND AND CONTROL DECISION MAKING
|
| The concept of network-centric warfare (NCW) is an evolving construct that has altered the military organizational landscapes. In the asymmetric information domains, there are few studies that actually relate the daily agitations of each of the command centers to the vulnerability of the entire C2 structure. In addition, there are no existing studies that use daily events and incidents to understand the vulnerabilities of each organizational structure. This paper reports ... |
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| Synthesizing Disparate Experiences in Episodic Planning |
01-Jun-2008 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
James H Lawton; Anthony J Ford; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB ROME NY INFORMATION SYSTEMS RESEARCH
|
| Many decisions are actually made by synthesizing previous experience. Often, this involves many different experiences coming together to form a feasible solution. This paper presents a statistical model for predicting the outcome of solutions based on multiple experiences. In edge organizations, such as emergency first responders, it often requires the expertise of more than one person to form an approach to a complex problem. Unfortunately, each planner only has access ... |
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| Neck Muscle Fatigue Resulting from Prolonged Wear of Weighted Helmets under High G Acceleration |
01-Jun-2008 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Edward S Eveland; Bob Esken; Nick Shouse; Chuck Goodyear; Matt Kane; HUMAN EFFECTIVENESS DIRECTORATE WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH AIRCREW PROTECTION BRANCH
|
| In search of guidelines for designing helmet-mounted systems without adding risk for additional pilot neck pain or injury, RHPG collaborated with the panoramic night vision goggle (PNVG) program office to begin this research. Neck muscles become fatigued as they work to stabilize the additional weight of helmet systems. The center of gravity (CG) of each individual helmet configuration varies according to the accessories attached. Neck strength measurements before and after ... |
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| Training to Operate a Simulated Micro-Unmanned Aerial Vehicle With Continuous or Discrete Manual Control |
01-May-2008 |
76 pages |
| Authors:
Paula J Durlach; John L Neumann; Deborah R Billings; ARMY RESEARCH INST FOR THE BEHAVIORAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES ORLANDO FL
|
| This report investigates the effects of continuous vs. discrete control methods and the number of simultaneous camera views on operator performance during training to manually control a simulated micro-unmanned aerial vehicle (MAV). Seventy-two participants were trained to operate a MAV in a simulated environment, to designated criterion levels. They were then given training missions during which performance was measured. Eight conditions were investigated, formed by crossing three 2-level factors: input ... |
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| Bepaling Referentiewaarden voor Ergonomie en Warmtebelasting van Lichtgewicht Bommenpakken (Determination of Ergonomic and Thermal Load Tests and Assessment of Reference Values With Light Weight Bomb Disposal Suits) |
01-May-2008 |
|
| Authors:
J A Kistemaker; TNO DEFENCE SECURITY AND SAFETY SOESTERBERG (NETHERLANDS)
|
| A third series of tests were performed with light weight explosive ordnance disposal suits to get reference data about ergonomics and heat load. The results can be used for future tenders of light weight explosive ordnance disposal suits. |
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| Developing a Corrective Action Simulator to Support Decision Making Research and Training |
01-May-2008 |
74 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey A Doyal; Michael G Sargent; Roger L Overdorf; Robert S McClure; Michael W Haas; SCIENCE APPLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL CORP (SAIC) BEAVERCREEK OHIO
|
| The Air Force Research Laboratory, in an effort to identify and evolve human performance modeling tools and their application to human performance research and training, developed a conceptual prototype of a corrective action simulator (CAS). Applied to an AWACS environment, this prototype CAS system employs task-network-based human performance modeling, 3-D visualization including avatars, speech recognition and synthesis, virtual workstations, and computer-based training components to create an immersive environment in which ... |
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| Determining the Appropriate Font Size, and Use of Colour and Contrast for Underwater Displays |
01-Apr-2008 |
|
| Authors:
J B Morrison; J K Zander; SHEARWATER HUMAN ENGINEERING NORTH VANCOUVER (BRITISH COLUMBIA)
|
| Canadian mine countermeasures (MCM) divers currently use a combination of different displays to provide them with information about their safety, equipment, and status. MCM divers require a single, integrated display to simplify information gathering, and to provide information from the dive supervisor. Ergonomic design guidelines were reviewed and modified for information display in the underwater environment. A two-phase experiment was conducted to determine the optimal font size and the optimal ... |
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| Multi-Aircraft Video - Human/Automation Target Recognition Studies: Video Display Size in Unaided Target Acquisition Involving Multiple Videos |
Apr-2008 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
Sarah E Plantz; Lamar Warfield; Thomas R Carretta; Airam Gonzalez-Garcia; Michael J Patzek; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH WARFIGHTER INTERFACE DIVISION
|
| Prior research involving target detection when monitoring multiple video sources led to concerns about increased operator workload and degraded target detection performance as the number of video sources and visual search requirements increased. A study was conducted to examine the utility of smaller video displays to reduce visual scan and search demands when multiple video sources are monitored. Sixteen participated performed a target detection task involving one small video, one ... |
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| Usability Evaluation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Symbology |
10-Mar-2008 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Chris Hart; Henry P Williams; NAVAL AIR WARFARE CENTER AIRCRAFT DIV PATUXENT RIVER MD
|
| Symbology to represent fixed-wing and rotary-wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) was developed and compared to MIL-STD-1787C symbology. The symbology was evaluated in several simulated UAV operator tasks. In the first portion of the study, static screen-shots from a simulated UAV control station display screen were presented to participants. Participants were required to determine how many air vehicle symbols of a particular type or affiliation were present in the screen-shot. The ... |
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| Human System Integration Support Tools with Links to DoD System Acquisition Phases |
01-Mar-2008 |
|
| Authors:
Lila Laux; Ronald L Small; Susan G Archer; Edward A Martin; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH HUMAN EFFECTIVENESS DIRECTORATE
|
| This report is designed to help proceduralize the human-systems integration (HSI) process by linking the flow of HSI analyses in the systems acquisition process to tools that can support those analyses. The initial sections of this report describe how this report is intended to be used, define acquisition-process and HSI terminology, and provide some HSI metrics. All HSI domains are explicitly addressed with the exception of habitability. Techniques for confirming ... |
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| How Do Users Find Things with PubMed? Towards Automatic Utility Evaluation with User Simulations |
01-Feb-2008 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Jimmy Lin; Mark D Smucker; MARYLAND UNIV COLLEGE PARK HUMAN COMPUTER INTERACTION LAB
|
| In the context of document retrieval in the biomedical domain, this paper explores the complex relationship between the quality of initial query results and the overall utility of an interactive system. We demonstrate that a content-similarity browsing tool can compensate for poor retrieval results, and that the relationship between retrieval performance and overall utility is non-linear. Arguments are advanced with user simulations, which characterize the relevance of documents that a ... |
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| Development of a Supervisory Control Rating Scale |
01-Jan-2008 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
Gavan Lintern; Thomas Hughes; GENERAL DYNAMICS ADVANCED INFORMATION SYSTEMS DAYTON OH
|
| The objective was to develop a supervisory control rating scale to evaluate human interaction and capabilities associated with automation. The product was to be a standardized rating scale analogous to the Cooper-Harper Rating Scale that was developed to assess aircraft handling response. The use intended for the scale developed under the current project is to evaluate supervisory control across situations and human-system interface concepts in a manner that reflects supervisor's ... |
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| Usability Assessment of Displays for Dismounted Soldier Applications |
DEC 2007 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Keryl A. Cosenzo; Shawn Stafford; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
|
| This report presents a usability assessment of scalable displays for dismounted robotic control applications. The assessment covered three components: display size, button features (e.g., size, location), and controllers for tele-operation. Twelve Soldiers participated in the assessment. Before the assessment, the Soldiers were trained on a larger version of the displays. They then used the three scalable display configurations to plan and execute a mission for an unmanned vehicle (UV). During ... |
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| An Investigation of Factors Affecting Multi-Task Performance in an Immersive Environment |
DEC 2007 |
65 pages |
| Authors:
Teresa A. Branscome; Jock O. Grynovicki; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
|
| This report presents the results of a study included in a series of investigations designed to increase fundamental knowledge and understanding of the factors affecting multi-task performance in a military environment. In this study, each of 26 civilian and military participants completed a battery of questionnaires designed to gather information about individual differences. Included were a demographics questionnaire; the Zuckerman-Kuhlman Personality Questionnaire Form III; the polychronicity scale; the Dundee Stress ... |
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| Sound Localization with Communications Headsets: Comparison of Passive and Active Systems |
Dec-2007 |
|
| Authors:
Sharon M Abel; Suzanne Tsang; Stephen Boyne; DEFENCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT TORONTO (CANADA)
|
| Studies have demonstrated that conventional hearing protectors interfere with sound localization. This research examines possible benefits from advanced communications devices. Horizontal plane sound localization was compared in normal-hearing males with the ears unoccluded and fitted with Peltor H1OA passive attenuation earmuffs, Racal Slimgard II communications muffs in active noise reduction (ANR) and talk-through-circuitry (TTC) modes and Nacre QUIETPRO communications earplugs in off (passive attenuation) and push-to-talk(PTT) modes. Localization was assessed ... |
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| A Human Factors Engineering Assessment of the Buffalo Mine Protection Clearance Vehicle Roof Hatch |
OCT 2007 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
Assist F. Animashaun; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
|
| The project was initiated at the request of two platoons of Combat Engineers, military occupational specialty 21B, who serve as part of the Kansas National Guard. The U.S. Army Research Laboratory's (ARL's) Human Research and Engineering Directorate performed an evaluation of the emergency egress characteristics of the Buffalo. ARL developed a plan to evaluate the emergency egress characteristics of the Buffalo using human figure modeling. A detailed analysis of the ... |
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| Human Factors Evaluation of the Enhanced Portable Inductive Artillery Fuze Setter (EPIAFS) |
OCT 2007 |
37 pages |
| Authors:
Orest Zubal; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
|
| The enhanced portable inductive artillery fuze setter (EPIAFS) is a product improvement of the portable inductive artillery fuze setter (PIAFS). The EPIAFS was designed to receive data manually and via cable and to inductively set all the fuzes set by the PIAFS and initialize the Excalibur ammunition. The EPIAFS system consists of the platform integration kit (PIK) installed in the howitzer s fire control system, a 15-foot cable to connect ... |
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| Resultaten van de Zitcomfortproef in de Boxer Command Post van Mei 2007 (Results of a Seat Comfort Test on the Command Post Version of the Boxer held May 2007) |
SEP 2007 |
|
| Authors:
A. K. Oudenhuijzen; TNO DEFENCE SECURITY AND SAFETY SOESTERBERG (NETHERLANDS)
|
| A prototype of the Command Post version of the Boxer, an armored vehicle for the Royal Netherlands Army was tested in May 2007. The test focuses on seat comfort and crew accommodation for certain seats in the vehicle. Earlier tests showed insufficient comfort and available space for the vehicle crew. Following these tests, improvements were made. The latest tests showed that the comfort level as well as the available space ... |
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| Implementation of the Quantified Judgement Model to Examine the Impact of Human Factors on Marine Corps Distributed Operations |
SEP 2007 |
59 pages |
| Authors:
Matthew S. Desmond; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The Distributed Operations (DO) concept is designed to answer the challenge of covert, highly adaptable, enemies operating with a dispersed command structure. The human variance that is part of military combat presents a critical challenge to the United States Marine Corps in the implementation of the DO concept. In addition to all current capabilities a DO Marine unit would have the additional capability of operating in smaller, more autonomous units, ... |
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| An International Survey of Maintenance Human Factors Programs |
SEP 2007 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Carla Hackworth; Kali Holcomb; Melanie Dennis; Scott Goldman; Cristina Bates; David Schroeder; William Johnson; FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION OKLAHOMA CITY OK CIVIL AEROMEDICAL INST
|
| There are many international approaches to the regulation of human factors programs for aviation maintenance organizations. Transport Canada and the European Aviation Safety Agency have established specific regulations regarding maintenance human factors. The Federal Aviation Administration has not yet established regulations but, instead, has created guidance documents and developed voluntary reporting programs for maintenance organizations. The purpose of this study was to assess the status of human factors programs in ... |
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| Design Of An Omnidirectional Mobile Robot For Rough Terrain |
Sep-2007 |
|
| Authors:
Karl Iagnemma; Martin Udengaard; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE
|
| An omnidirectional mobile robot is able, kinematically, to move in any planar direction regardless of current pose. To date, nearly all designs and analyses of omnidirectional robots have considered the case of motion on flat, smooth terrain. This paper presents design constraints and guidelines for designing an omnidirectional mobile robot propelled by active split offset casters to be driven in rough terrain. Geometric constraints on wheel and linkage sizes are ... |
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| Conversion and Verification Procedure for Goal-Based Control Programs |
15 AUG 2007 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Julia M. Braman; Richard M. Murray; CALIFORNIA INST OF TECH PASADENA MATERIALS AND PROCESSES SIMULATION CENTER
|
| Fault tolerance and safety verification of control systems are essential for the success of autonomous robotic systems. A control architecture called Mission Data System, developed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, takes a goal-based control approach. In this paper, a method for converting goal network control programs into linear hybrid systems is developed. The linear hybrid system can then be verified for safety in the presence of failures using existing symbolic ... |
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| Collaborative Human-Computer Decision Making for Command and Control Resource Allocation |
AUG 2007 |
|
| Authors:
Mary L. Cummings; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE
|
| The focus of this research program was the development of a collaborative human-computer decision-making model that demonstrates not only what decision making functions should always be assigned to humans or computers, but what functions can best be served in a mutually supportive human-computer decision making environment. It is possible that when the human and computer collaborate, they can discover solutions superior to the one either would have determined independently of ... |
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| Simulating a Bilateral Teleoperation System Using Matlab and SIMULINK |
AUG 2007 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Marc Alise; Rodney G. Roberts; Daniel W. Repperger; AIR FORCE RESEARCH LAB WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH HUMAN EFFECTIVENESS DIRECTORATE
|
| Teleoperation provides a human-machine interface that allows an operator to control machines at a large distance. It has recently been the subject of a significant amount of research in the robotics community. Teleoperation can also provide an instructor with an excellent motivating example for a control systems course where it can serve as a platform for introducing several key controls issues such as noise compensation and time delay. Computer packages ... |
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| Differences in Clothing Insulation Determined with the Parallel and Serial Methods |
AUG 2007 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Xiaojiang Xu; Thomas Endrusick; Julio Gonzalez; William Santee; Reed Hoyt; ARMY RESEARCH INST OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE NATICK MA BIOPHYSICS AND BIOMEDICAL MODELING DIV
|
| This paper examines the fundamental differences between the parallel and serial methods for calculation of clothing insulation and demonstrates the differences in the insulation values calculated using these two methods. The parallel method is based on the assumption that manikin surface temperatures were uniform (UST) while the serial method is based on the assumption that manikin heat fluxes were uniform (UHF). Eleven clothing ensembles were evaluated on manikins in UST ... |
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| Assessment of Anthropometric Trends and the Effects on Thermal Regulatory Models: Females Versus Males |
AUG 2007 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Miyo Yokota; Gaston P. Bathalon; Larry G. Berglund; ARMY RESEARCH INST OF ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE NATICK MA BIOPHYSICS AND BIOMEDICAL MODELING DIV
|
| The purpose of this study is to investigate secular change in body dimensions (height, weight, %body fat (%BF)) in U.S. Army female soldiers, by comparing the 2004 and 1988 databases. Identified anthropometric somatotypes were subsequently incorporated in a thermal regulatory model to examine simulated individual differences in core temperature (Tcr) to heat stress (rest for 30 min and walk @ 3mph with 12 kg load in 35 C/50%rh environment for ... |
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| Leadership Under Challenge: Information Technology R&D in a Competitive World. An Assessment of the Federal Networking and Information Technology R&D Program |
AUG 2007 |
76 pages |
| Authors:
John H. Marburger; E. F. Kvamme; George Scalise; Daniel A. Reed; EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT WASHINGTON DC PRESIDENT'S COUNCIL OF ADVISORS ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
|
| The United States is today the global leader in networking and information technology (NIT).That leadership is essential to U.S. economic prosperity, security, and quality of life. This report presents a formal assessment of the Federal Networking and Information Technology R&D (NITRD) Program, beginning with a review of global networking and information technology competitiveness. The NITRD Program is examined in the broader context of U.S. networking and information technology leadership and ... |
|
| Technical Evaluation Report |
01 JUL 2007 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Peter Werkhoven; TNO DEFENSE SECURITY AND SAFETY DELFT (NETHERLANDS)
|
| Recent improvements in computer systems and displays have enabled new simulation technologies such as Augmented, Mixed, and Virtual Environments (AMVE). Increased computer power at low cost, wireless networks, miniaturization of sensor and computer components, and better visual, auditory and tactile display systems are contributing to the maturation of these technologies. Potential applications in military operations, as well as training and system design are providing requirements that have spurred this technology ... |
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| Unmanned Aircraft Systems. Advanced Coordination and Increased Visibility Needed to Optimize Capabilities |
JUL 2007 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Sharon L. Pickup; Patty Lentini; Renee Brown; Jamie Khanna; Kate Lenane; LaShawnda Lindsey; Elisha Matvay; Susan Tindall; GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTABILITY OFFICE WASHINGTON DC
|
| DOD components have developed guidance to facilitate the integration of UAS into combat operations; however, further steps are needed to fully coordinate the deployment of these assets. For example, DOD developed a Multi-Service Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for the Tactical Employment of Unmanned Aircraft Systems and a Joint Concept of Operations for Unmanned Aircraft Systems.5 This guidance represents an important first step for the use of UAS in combat operations ... |
|
| Future Force Warrior: Insights from Air Assault Expeditionary Force Assessment |
JUL 2007 |
152 pages |
| Authors:
Daniel D. Turner; Christian B. Carstens; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD HUMAN RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING DIRECTORATE
|
| Future Force Warrior (FFW) Soldier ensembles were evaluated in 2006. One 9-man squad of infantry Soldiers was equipped with the Soldier or Leader variation of the FFW system. Each system included the FFW uniform and helmet, body armor chassis, global positioning system tracking receivers, radio communication equipment, a computer system with operating software, and voice-activated controls. In addition, the Leader systems included laser range finding devices and associated software. The ... |
|
| Uninhabited Military Vehicles (UMVs): Human Factors Issues in Augmenting the Force (Vehicules Militaires sans Pilote (UMV): Questions Relatives aux Facteurs Humains lies a l'augmentation des Forces) |
JUL 2007 |
|
| Authors:
NATO RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATION NEUILLY-SUR-SEINE (FRANCE)
|
| Uninhabited Military Vehicles (UMVs) are used to augment manned forces in dull, dirty, or dangerous tasks. Human factors issues range from control station design, to vehicle interoperability, and integration with manned systems. New principles are reviewed for supporting the operator, and for collaboration between multiple operators. Future study is needed on techniques for distributive collaboration, command and control of UMV teams, and enabling flexible human supervisory control of multiple, highly-automated ... |
|
| Grounding Symbolic Operations in Modality-Specific Processing |
JUL 2007 |
67 pages |
| Authors:
Lawrence W. Barsalou; Aaron Barbey; Joy L. Brasfield; Shlomit Finkelstein; Andrew James; Xiaoping Hu; Zhaohui Liu; Ava Santos; Christine Wilson; Stefan Gries; Alex Martin; Kyle Simmons; EMORY UNIV ATLANTA GA DEPT OF PSYCHOLOGY
|
| The research performed under this contract assessed whether fundamental symbolic operations-predication, conceptual combination, and the representation of abstract concepts-arise from the simulation of modality-specific states in the brain. Traditionally, symbolic operations have been widely assumed to arise from the manipulation of amodal symbols. Indeed, researchers often assume that symbolic operations could only result in this latter way. Recent research on grounded cognition, however, has proposed that symbolic operations, in principle, ... |
|
| IMCOM LONWORKS Building Automation Systems Implementation Strategy |
01-Jun-2007 |
80 pages |
| Authors:
David M Schwenk; Joseph Bush; Lucie M Hughes; Stephen Briggs; Will White; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER CHAMPAIGN IL CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING RESEARCH LAB
|
| Army Installations often expand their use of digital control systems for heating, ventilating, and air conditioning and other mechanical and electrical building systems on a building-by-building basis. The control systems are installed under separate contracts by different contractors resulting in intra-system incompatibilities. The implementation of multi-vendor Open Building Automation Systems (BASs) is meant to overcome such incompatibilities; however BASs can present their own technical and administrative (including contractual) challenges. This ... |
|
| GL Studio Brings Realism to Aircraft Cockpit Simulator Displays |
01-Jun-2007 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Kim Stults; 580TH SOFTWARE MAINTENANCE SQUADRON (580 SMXS) ROBINS AFB GA
|
| Testing operational flight programs (OFPs) for aircraft requires that the user be able to enter data and generate output via a graphical user interface (GUI). Desiring to enhance the realism for the test team and upgrade the outdated software, we began the search for a new tool. A new commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) product was selected and a success story unfolded. This article presents that story. |
|
| Aircraft Countermeasures (ACCM) Human Effects Test Analysis |
01-Jun-2007 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
Greg Steeger; Edward Viale; OFFICE OF AEROSPACE STUDIES KIRTLAND AFB NM
|
| Aircraft Counter Measures (ACCM) is a laser system designed to provide significant glare source. It is part of a Warfighter Rapid Acquisition Program (WRAP) involving AFSOC/A5T, AFRL/DE, AFRL/HE, and Boeing Scorpworks Lab. Green light laser of particular wavelength, found to create a "dazzling effect" on the human eye. The main purpose of this test was to determine if the ACCM laser system works as an effective counter measure against small ... |
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| Trust-Based Design of Human-Guided Algorithms |
JUN 2007 |
230 pages |
| Authors:
Joseph L. Thomer; ALFRED P SLOAN SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT CAMBRIDGE MA
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| By combining the strengths of human and computers, Human Machine Collaborative Decision Making has been shown to generate higher quality solutions in less time than conventional computerized methods. Human-guided algorithms (HGAs) harness the power of sophisticated algorithms and computers to provide flexibility to the human decision maker to model correctly and dynamically the problem and steer the algorithm to solutions that match his/her objectives. HGAs are designed to make the ... |
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| Real-Time Speech Recognition System for Robotic Control Applications Using an Ear-Microphone |
JUN 2007 |
159 pages |
| Authors:
Dimitrios S. Koliousis; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| This study is part of an ongoing research started in 2004 at the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) investigating the development of a human-machine interface command-and-control package for controlling robotic units in operational environments. An ear microphone is used to collect the voice-activated commands providing hands-free control instructions in noisy environments [Kurcan, 2006; Bulbuller, 2006]. This study presents the hardware implementation of a theoretical Isolated Word Recognition (IWR) system designed in ... |
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| The Defense Messaging System (DMS) in the Navy Regional Enterprise Messaging System (NREMS) Environment: Evidence that Size Does Matter in DoD Business Process Engineering |
JUN 2007 |
159 pages |
| Authors:
Alice Y. Liburd; Avonna S. Ramsey; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| Since the migration of DOD messaging to the DM8 has been mandated, implementation has been less than ideal and otherwise unsuccessful. DM8 users have reported dissatisfaction with the systems maintenance and security support burdens in the current client-server model. MREM8 introduces a networked environment capable of push technology and centralized database and security management which should significantly reduce the DM8 shortfalls that have made the system lack appeal to the ... |
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| An Analysis of Manpower Requirements for the United States Marine Corps Tiers II and III Unmanned Aerial Systems Family of Systems Program |
JUN 2007 |
158 pages |
| Authors:
Cesar E. Nader; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| This research was conducted to examine the quantitative and qualitative component requirements for the Tier II and Tier III of the United States Marine Corps Unmanned Aerial Systems Program. The main objective of this research is to develop a proposed manpower structure for a composite squadron in order to improve current UAS capabilities while minimizing manpower requirements. This was accomplished by conducting an independent assessment of manpower requirements of the ... |
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Human Factors Engineering & Man Machine System
