| A Microgrant Supported Poppy Cultivation Renouncement Program for Afghanistan |
17-Feb-2009 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
Ashton L Hayes; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
 | In 2007, Afghan grown poppies provided the raw material used to produce 93% of the world's opium. The Taliban and other insurgent elements receive up to $500 million of revenue from drug related activities. The current counternarcotics strategy emphasizes the execution of eradication programs coupled with initiatives designed to help farmers develop alternative livelihoods. Unfortunately, the current strategy does not provide any time after eradication effects for farmers to allow ... |
|
| National Biofuels Action Plan |
Oct-2008 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
BIOMASS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT BOARD WASHINGTON DC
|
| This Action Plan outlines areas where interagency cooperation will help to evolve bio-based fuel production technologies from promising ideas to competitive solutions. In developing the plan, the Board used a five part supply-chain framework to identify Board action areas: 1) Feedstock Production, 2) Feedstock Logistics, 3) Conversion, 4) Distribution, 5) End Use. In addition, the Board has identified two crosscutting action areas: Supporting the sustainability of biofuels production and use, ... |
|
| A Perfect Storm: The Dynamics Confronting U.S. Agribusiness |
01-Jan-2008 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
INDUSTRIAL COLL OF THE ARMED FORCES WASHINGTON DC
|
| Linked by a series of converging forces, the long-standing imperatives of sustaining and safeguarding people have become more closely coupled than at any time in history. The U.S. agribusiness industry, a vast and technologically-advanced enterprise, is the secret behind America's ability to feed its own people, and indeed much of the world. Across the U.S., agriculture-related businesses generate more than 13 percent of U.S. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and employ ... |
|
| Spring 2008 Industry Study: Biotechnology Industry |
01-Jan-2008 |
41 pages |
| Authors:
INDUSTRIAL COLL OF THE ARMED FORCES WASHINGTON DC
|
| Defined broadly as the manipulation of genetic material in living organisms or the derivatives thereof, biotechnology represents a veritable gold mine of possibilities for improving the human condition. Society tends to focus on the glamorous; the success of the Human Genome Project and its modern miracle of unraveling the composition of human deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). However, biotechnology is much more than genetics. It twines the developments in understanding the building ... |
|
| Roadmap for Bioenergy and Biobased Products in the United States |
Oct-2007 |
57 pages |
| Authors:
BIOMASS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT TECHNICAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE WASHINGTON DC
|
| The United States has become increasingly dependent in recent decades on imported petroleum to meet its energy needs. A portfolio of more diverse and domestic feedstocks for our nation's energy and chemical supply must be found to reduce our dependence on fossil fuels and to secure future energy supply. Biomass resources are a sustainable and environmentally friendly feedstock that can contribute significantly to a diverse energy portfolio. The Roadmap identifies ... |
|
| The Geology of Guadalcanal: A Selected Bibliography of the Geology, Natural History, and the History of Guadalcanal |
SEP 2007 |
360 pages |
| Authors:
R. L. Hadden; CORPS OF ENGINEERS ALEXANDRIA VA
|
| This bibliography on the geographical, water and geological information or Guadalcanal was begun to rill a request for current information needed for the forensics recovery %of the bodies of the US Marines of the Lt Col. Frank B. Goettge Reconnaissance patrol that was ambushed in August 1942. Part I %of this report is a bibliography of the geology, geography and natural history of the island. Part II is a bibliography ... |
|
| Food and Agricultural Imports from China |
17 JUL 2007 |
|
| Authors:
Geoffrey S. Becker; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
 | U.S. food and agricultural imports have increased significantly in recent years. A series of recent incidents have raised safety concerns about the many foods, medicines, and other products from China in particular. U.S. imports of all Chinese food, agricultural, and seafood products have increased from nearly 0.411 million metric tons (MMT) in 1996 to 1.833 MMT in 2006, a 346% rise. Two federal agencies - FDA and the U.S. Department ... |
|
| WTO Compliance Status of the Conservation Security Program (CSP) and the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) |
21 MAY 2007 |
|
| Authors:
Randy Schnepf; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| Under the auspices of the Uruguay Round's Agreement on Agriculture (AA), members of the World Trade Organization (WTO) agreed to limit and reduce their most distortive domestic support subsidies. Several types of domestic subsidies were identified as causing minimal distortion to agricultural production and trade and were provided exemption from WTO disciplines. Potential Green Box policies include outlays for conservation activities such as the Conservation Security Program and long-term land ... |
|
| Agroterrorism: Threats and Preparedness |
12 MAR 2007 |
|
| Authors:
Jim Monke; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| The potential for terrorist attacks against agricultural targets (agroterrorism) is increasingly recognized as a national security threat, especially after the events of September 11, 2001. Agroterrorism is a subset of bioterrorism, and is defined as the deliberate introduction of an animal or plant disease with the goal of generating fear, causing economic losses, and/or undermining social stability. The goal of agroterrorism is not to kill cows or plants. These are ... |
|
| Biotechnology Industry |
2007 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Kyle D. Campbell; Gene Clemen; Paul Denham; Greg Dodson; Denise Flanagan; Dale Goble; Deirdre Mahon; Joanne Martin; Rick Merrill; Mike Milford; INDUSTRIAL COLL OF THE ARMED FORCES WASHINGTON DC
|
| Biotechnology is a diverse and promising industry, but it is not without challenges. The impact on our lives is already being felt, and all indications point to a future of unprecedented changes. Genetically modified (GM) organisms are being used to increase crop production, bacteria to remediate contaminated areas, and even fetal calf skin to grow human soft tissues. Concurrently our nation is seeking biotechnology answers for a variety of national ... |
|
| Agribusiness Industry |
2007 |
37 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher Ager; Laurel Cunnane; Dianne Gallasch; Ross Guckert; Robin Hunt; Kathleen Kenyon; Laura Koller; Patrick Laraby; Denise Lind; Karl Payne; INDUSTRIAL COLL OF THE ARMED FORCES WASHINGTON DC
|
| American agribusiness provides a secure and safe food supply to our people, filling the first requirement of any sovereign state: to feed its people. In doing so, the industry accounts for about 12% of America's gross domestic product and employs about 17% of its workforce. It is thus central to both the security and the economic health of the nation. The ability of the agricultural sector to accomplish these feats ... |
|
| The Effects of Liberalizing World Agricultural Trade: A Review of Modeling Studies |
JUN 2006 |
116 pages |
| Authors:
Bruce Arnold; CONGRESSIONAL BUDGET OFFICE (U S CONGRESS) WASHINGTON DC
|
| A major issue on the agenda of the ongoing Doha Round of multilateral negotiations by members of the World Trade Organization concerns how and to what extent policies that affect agricultural trade should be liberalized. For most of the postwar period, the series of multilateral negotiating rounds under the auspices of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade allowed policies that distort agricultural trade to continue in large part while ... |
|
| Dismantling the Afghan Opiate Economy: A Cultural and Historical Policy Assessment, with Policy Recommendations |
SEP 2005 |
197 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher L. Byrom; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This thesis applies lessons drawn from a historical-cultural analysis of rural power structures in Afghanistan to understand the nature of the threat posed by that country's opiate economy and to assess the counter-narcotics policies of the United Kingdom, the Government(s) of Afghanistan, and the United States. It argues that the opiate economy should be considered an Afghan-specific problem involving narcotics, not a "drug war" problem involving Afghanistan. Specific lessons are ... |
|
| Agricultural Disaster Assistance |
29 AUG 2005 |
|
| Authors:
Ralph M. Chite; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) offers several permanently authorized programs to help farmers recover financially from a natural disaster, including federal crop insurance, the noninsured assistance program and emergency disaster loans. Since 1988, Congress regularly has made supplemental financial assistance available to farmers and ranchers on an ad-hoc basis, primarily in the form of direct crop disaster payments and emergency livestock assistance. Most recently, Congress provided an estimated $3.5 ... |
|
| Hemp as an Agricultural Commodity |
08 JUL 2005 |
|
| Authors:
Jean M. Rawson; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| In June 2005, legislation that would open the way for commercial cultivation of industrial hemp in the United States was introduced at the federal level for the first time. H.R. 3037, the Industrial Hemp Farming Act of 2005, would amend Section 102 of the Controlled Substances Act (21 U.S.C. 802(16)) to specify that the term marijuana does not include industrial hemp. Such a change would mean that state law would ... |
|
| Transforming the Army Central Registry Family Violence File into a Relational Database for the Purpose of Facilitating Epidemiological Research |
JUL 2005 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
Cara Fuchs; Lauren Komp; Nicole S. Bell; James E. McCarroll; Paul J. Amoroso; SOCIAL SECTORS DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES INC NATICK MA
|
| The Army Central Registry (ACR) is a victim-based registry documenting substantiated spouse and child abuse events. ACR data were originally collected for administrative purposes and, without significant adaptation, are not immediately suitable for epidemiological analyses. Our ultimate research goal is to link ACR data for individuals involved in single or multiple events as victims, perpetrators, or both to health behavior, health outcome and demographic data. This will allow us to ... |
|
| National Plant Genome Initiative |
JAN 2005 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT WASHINGTON DC OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY
|
| The National Plant Genome Initiative (NPGI) was established in 1998 as a coordinated national plant genome research project by the Interagency Working Group on Plant Genomes (IWG). The IWG coordinates the activities of the participating agencies and provides overall guidance and oversight. It currently comprises representatives from the National Science Foundation (NSF), Department of Agriculture (USDA), Department of Energy (DOE), National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Aeronautic and Space Administration ... |
|
| Agribusiness Industry Study Final Report |
2005 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Jorge Ascunce; Margaret Burcham; Kevin Couch; Jason Evans; Amy Frisk; Raimonds Graube; Tamra Halmrast-Sanchez; Donald Hoying; Michael Kuchta; Clarke Lethin; INDUSTRIAL COLL OF THE ARMED FORCES WASHINGTON DC
|
| The American agribusiness industry is in the midst of a global competition that is re-defining the role of US agriculture in the world marketplace. The forces that are shaping this competition include: the integration of world agricultural markets, world-wide adoption of cutting edge technologies, and aggressive foreign government agricultural policies. In addition to these competitive forces, American agribusiness must contend with: adapting to potentially disruptive technologies such as genetically modified ... |
|
| Afghanistan: Opium Cultivation and Its Impact on Reconstruction |
03 MAY 2004 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Hubert E. Bagley Jr; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| For more than twenty years Afghanistan reigned as one of the world's leading sources of illicit opium. Lack of governance civil unrest and instability contributed to the country's dominance of opium cultivation and trade. Shortly following 9/11 and fall of the Taliban a new Afghan governmental structure was formed. The establishment of a democracy in Afghanistan charts a new era for the country and could potentially set in motion a ... |
|
| Afghanistan and Opium: Breaking the Habit |
03 MAY 2004 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Thomas H. Hueg; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| Afghanistan has the dubious distinction of being the largest opium- producing country in the world. Seventy-five percent of the world's heroin which is obtained from opium poppies comes from Afghanistan. Opium exports brought Afghanistan $1.2 billion last year equaling the total of international aid to the country for the same period. Although the Afghan government and Islamic religion disapprove of growing poppies, other major influences-economic social and political-promote poppy farming. ... |
|
| National Plant Genome Initiative |
JAN 2004 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT WASHINGTON DC OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY
|
| The National Plant Genome Initiative (NPGI) was established in 1998 as a coordinated national plant genome research program by the Interagency Working Group (IWG) on Plant Genomes with The National Plant Genome Initiative (NPGI) was established in 1998 as a coordinated national plant genome research program by the Interagency Working Group (IWG) on Plant Genomes with representatives from the Department of Agriculture (USDA), Department of Energy (DOE), National Institutes of ... |
|
| Agribusiness: Industry Study Final Report, AY 2003-2004, Seminar 1 |
2004 |
43 pages |
| Authors:
Steve Randolph; Eddie Coleman; Rebecca Abraham; Peter Stavrakis; INDUSTRIAL COLL OF THE ARMED FORCES WASHINGTON DC
|
| Although not intuitively obvious, agribusiness remains a critical component, not only in the overall U.S. economy, but to national security as well. American consumers often take food for granted, demanding more variety and convenience from the nation's food supply system. Even though the U.S. is blessed with an abundant food supply, any nation unable to feed its citizens or its armies puts its own sovereignty at peril. Much more than ... |
|
| Poppy Cultivation in Afghanistan: A Global, Strategic Nemesis |
07 APR 2003 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
G. J. Millan; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| The United States has taken on the responsibility to stay the course on a long-term basis to assist the Afghan people to rebuild their country. Part of this responsibility will require the United States to provide leadership in the region and in neighboring regions on issue that may have strategic, global consequences. These issues include the proliferation of the illicit drug industry, drug addiction, the spread of HIV/AlDS, emergence of ... |
|
| National Plant Genome Initiative: 2003-2008 |
JAN 2003 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT WASHINGTON DC OFFICE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY
|
| The National Plant Genome Initiative (NPGI) was established in 1998 as a coordinated national plant genome research program by the Interagency Working Group (IWG) on Plant Genomes with representatives from the Department of Agriculture (USDA), Department of Energy (DOE), National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Science Foundation (NSF), Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP), and the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). Since 1998, the field of plant genomics ... |
|
| 2003 Agribusiness Group Paper |
2003 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Tom Benedik; Jim Bozzard; Nate Buchheit; Debbie Erickson; Steve Franklin; INDUSTRIAL COLL OF THE ARMED FORCES WASHINGTON DC
|
| Agribusiness is a vital segment of US commerce, a critical part of American infrastructure, and an often overshadowed component of our national security strategy. Its importance to the US has been likened to that of oil to the Middle East. History demonstrates that a nation able to feed its own citizens is inherently stronger and thus able to provide a safer and more secure society. US agribusiness leads the world, ... |
|
| Agribusiness Group Paper |
21 NOV 2002 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
William Barnett; Steve Beatty; Kenneth Buell; Andrew Cohen; Caroline Coleman; INDUSTRIAL COLL OF THE ARMED FORCES WASHINGTON DC
|
| Agribusiness is a critical component of U.S. commerce. In fact, some have argued that agribusiness is as politically and strategically important to the U.S. as oil is to the Middle East. Agribusiness is a diverse industry that feeds the nation and resources the national strategy. While U.S. agribusiness is the world's leader, it is challenged by global competition and dynamic changes in technology and structure. The security posture of the ... |
|
| Defense Horizons. Number 20, October 2002. From Petro to Agro: Seeds of a New Economy |
OCT 2002 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Robert E. Armstrong; NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIV WASHINGTON DC CENTER FOR TECHNOLOGY AND NATIONAL SECURITY POLICY
|
|
| The Associate Program on Ethnobiology, Socio-Economic Value Assessment and Community Based Conservation |
30 SEP 2002 |
63 pages |
| Authors:
Maurice M. Iwu; BIORESOURCES DEVELOPMENT AND CONSERVATION PROGRAMME SILVER SPRING MD
|
| The African ICBG, in general emphasizes three major goals: evaluation of rainforest plants from Nigeria and Cameroon as cures for parasitic diseases; research on forest dynamics to understand the effects of sustainable harvesting and cultivation of important medicinal plants; training of Cameroonians and Nigerians in natural products chemistry and tropical ecology. The ICBG project, jointly sponsored by the U.S. National Institutes of Health, the National Science Foundation and the U.S. ... |
|
| Drug Control: Efforts to Develop Alternatives to Cultivating Illicit Crops in Colombia Have Made Little Progress and Face Serious Obstacles |
FEB 2002 |
57 pages |
| Authors:
GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC
|
| Although coca cultivation in Bolivia and Peru has been reduced in recent years, 6 you expressed concern about whether the alternative development program in Colombia will achieve its objectives and contribute to reducing the production of illicit drugs there. Specifically, you asked that we determine (1) what lessons have been learned in providing alternative development assistance to Bolivia and Peru, especially any that may apply to Colombia; (2) what progress ... |
|
| Land Acquisitions: Agencies Generally Used Similar Standards and Appraisal Methodologies in CALFED and CVPIA Transactions |
23 JAN 2002 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC
|
| Since 1994, over $63.6 million of CALFED Delta-Bay (CALFED) and Central Valley Project Improvement Act (CVPIA) funds have been used to purchase private lands in California for wetlands mitigation and wildlife enhancement. Using these funds, several federal agencies and nonprofit organizations have acquired about 101,800 acres 94,300 acres in full ownership and 7,500 acres in partial interest or easements that restrict how land may be used. Concerned about the potential ... |
|
| MAD COW DISEASE: Improvements in the Animal Feed Ban and Other Regulatory Areas Would Strengthen U.S. Prevention Efforts |
JAN 2002 |
65 pages |
| Authors:
Lawrence J. Dyckman; GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC
|
| While BSE has not been found in the United States, federal actions do not sufficiently ensure that all BSE-infected animals or products are kept out or that if BSE were found, it would be detected promptly and not spread to other cattle through animal feed or enter the human food supply. With regard to imports, the United States had imported about 125 million pounds of beef (0.35 percent of total ... |
|
| Agribusiness Group Paper |
2002 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
William Barnett; Steve Beatty; Kenneth Buell; Andrew Cohen; Caroline Coleman; INDUSTRIAL COLL OF THE ARMED FORCES WASHINGTON DC
|
| Agribusiness is a critical component of U.S. commerce. In fact, some have argued that agribusiness is as politically and strategically important to the U.S. as oil is to the Middle East. Agribusiness is a diverse industry that feeds the nation and resources the national strategy. While U.S. agribusiness is the world's leader, it is challenged by global competition and dynamic changes in technology and structure. The security posture of the ... |
|
| Farm Programs: Changes to the Marketing Assistance Loan Program Have Had Little Impact on Payments |
SEP 2001 |
39 pages |
| Authors:
GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC
|
| Federal payments to farmers have reached an historic high over $26 billion in fiscal year 2000. Much of this assistance was targeted to help farmers cope with persistently low commodity prices and was provided principally through the Marketing Assistance Loan Program, which is administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). This program was designed originally to provide short-term financing so that farmers could pay their bills right after harvest ... |
|
| U.S. Agency for International Development: Status of Achieving Key Outcomes and Addressing Major Management Challenges |
AUG 2001 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Lawrence L. Suda; Shawket Ahmed; David G. Bernet; Janey Cohen; Kirk Daubenspeck; GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC
|
| Although USAID reported it made progress toward achieving the selected outcomes, the extent of the progress is unclear because the agency based its support on disaggregated and, in some cases, out-of-date and selective data. Unlike past years when USAID issued separate performance reports and performance plans, the agency issued a performance overview supplemented by more detailed data in the FY 2000 Budget Justification to the Congress, both of which incorporated ... |
|
| U.S. Department of Agriculture: Resolution of Discrimination Complaints Involving Farm Credit and Payment Programs |
12 APR 2001 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC
|
| Discrimination complaints by minority farmers including African- Americans, Hispanics, and American Indians who were denied benefits under the U. S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA) farm assistance programs have been a long- standing issue. Compounding this concern has been USDA's inability to address discrimination complaints through its administrative processes in a timely manner. These issues came to a head in 1997 when a group of African-American farmers consolidated their claims of ... |
|
| Agricultural Terrorism: Breaking New Ground |
03 APR 2001 |
|
| Authors:
Kurt A. McNeely; ARMY WAR COLL CARLISLE BARRACKS PA
|
| The threat of agricultural terrorism is real. The consequences of an attack on our agricultural infrastructure may have a devastating impact on our economy while threatening the survival of our citizenry and the very existence of our nation. Our preparations to prevent and respond to such an attack will determine whether the impact of an agricultural terrorism incident is contained or if it has catastrophic results. How critical is our ... |
|
| AGRICULTURAL TRADE: Impacts of the Andean Trade Preference Act on Asparagus Producers and Consumers |
MAR 2001 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC
|
| U.S. asparagus imports increased by over 215 percent in the 1990s and now comprise nearly one-half of the asparagus consumed in the United States. Peru is the second largest source of imported asparagus and benefits from duty- free treatment under the Andean Trade Preference Act (ATPA) of 1991, as amended. 1 Asparagus imported from Peru accounted for 34 percent of U.S. imports in 1999. ATPA was designed to promote the ... |
|
| World Trade Organization: Progress in Agricultural Trade Negotiations May Be Slow |
07 MAR 2000 |
|
| Authors:
Susan S. Westin; GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC NATIONAL SECURITY AND INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS DIV
|
| WTO member countries intended to launch a new round of multilateral trade negotiations covering agriculture and other issues at their biennial Ministerial Conference last December in Seattle. The principal objectives of the United States and several other agricultural exporting countries for liberalizing agricultural trade included (1) elimination of export subsidies, (2) a reduction in trade- distorting domestic agricultural Support programs, and (3) an increase in market ... |
|
| U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE: Marketing Assistance Loan Program ShouldBetter Reflect Market Conditions |
NOV 1999 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC RESOURCES COMMUNITY AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT DIV
|
| The marketing assistance loan program is designed to provide producers of certain crops with interim financial assistance at harvest, when prices are usually lower than at other times of the year. By doing so, the program effectively guarantees a minimum price for those crops. For 1998 crops, the program provided $6.7 billion in loans. It also provided $3.7 billion in cash payments, as of September ... |
|
| Results Act: Observations on USDA's Draft Strategic Plan |
OCT 97 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC RESOURCES COMMUNITY AND ECONOMIC DEVE LOPMENT DIV
|
| With an operating budget of about $57 billion, USDA is one of the largest civilian agencies in government. USDA administers over 200 programs that cover a wide range of issues related to food and agriculture. Among other things, USDA'S programs support farmers' incomes, stabilize domestic markets, promote U.S. exports, manage national forests, conserve agricultural lands, provide access to food for low-income households, improve the nutritional status of the American people, ... |
|
| U.S. Agricultural Exports Strong Growth Likely But U.S. Export Assistance Programs' Contribution Uncertain |
30 SEP 97 |
51 pages |
| Authors:
GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC NATIONAL SECURITY AND INTERNATIONAL A FFAIRS DIV
|
| Domestic agricultural policy in the United States was significantly changed by the 1996 Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform (FAIR) Act. Although it continues to provide income support to farmers for the next 5 years, FAIR reduces the government's role in regulating the production of bulk commodities such as wheat and corn and provides the agricultural sector and farmers enhanced flexibility to respond to domestic and international market conditions. We assessed ... |
|
| More than 25 Million Acres? DoD as a Federal, Natural, and Cultural Resource Manager |
96 |
|
| Authors:
David Rubenson; Marc D. Millot; Gwen Farnsworth; Jerry Aroesty; RAND CORP SANTA MONICA CA
|
| How are the natural and cultural resource management responsibilities of the Department of Defense (DoD) changing? This report concludes that competition for federal lands in the West, regional habitat degradation in the East and on the Pacific Coast, and new scientific principles will make achievement of the core DoD resource management concerns of legal compliance and preservation of the military mission an increasingly complex issue. DoD will be required to ... |
|
| Avian Responses to Chemically and Physically Manipulated Cattail Stands in a Northern Prairie Marsh |
DEC 95 |
69 pages |
| Authors:
Mark J. Humert; Daniel E. Hubbard; Kent C. Jensen; ARMY ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION VICKSBURG MS
|
| Prior to the 193Os, common cattail (Typha latifolia L.) was the only member of this genus to inhabit the northern prairies and was uncommon in most shallow wetlands (Metcalf 1931). During the late 193Os and early 194Os, narrowleaf cattail (T. angustifolia L.) extended its range westward into the Dakotas and Manitoba (Smith 1967). Concomitant with the invasion of narrowleaf cattail was the establishment of a hybrid between narrowleaf and common ... |
|
| U.S. Department of Agriculture: Foreign Agricultural Service Could Benefit from Better Strategic Planning |
SEP 95 |
59 pages |
| Authors:
GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC GENERAL GOVERNMENT DIV
|
| This report provides information on the U.S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA) Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS). General Accounting Office (GAO) conducted a review of FAS to evaluate its use of staff resources in accomplishing its mission. The report discusses overall strategic planning, including USDA's long-term agricultural trade strategy; coverage of FAS overseas locations and use of its foreign service officers; and FAS reporting on agricultural commodities worldwide. |
|
| Challenges for U.S. Agricultural Research Policy |
SEP 95 |
92 pages |
| Authors:
OFFICE OF TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT WASHINGTON DC
|
| Agricultural productivity has increased markedly in recent years-more rapidly, in fact, than productivity in the overall U.S. economy. Many attribute a large part of this growth to public sector agricultural research, which is carried out primarily by land grant universities and the U.S. Department of Agriculture's research agencies. Despite this success, however, new budget constraints, scientific advances, and public demands for environmental safety are presenting the agricultural research system with ... |
|
| Technology and Policy for Suppressing Grain Dust Explosions in Storage Facilities |
SEP 95 |
70 pages |
| Authors:
OFFICE OF TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT WASHINGTON DC
|
| To ensure workplace safety, grain handling facilities engage in a variety of activities to control the accumulation of grain dust, such as good housekeeping practices, pneumatic systems, and liquid additives. The application of liquid substances, either water or oil, to grain is an effective but controversial method of dust suppression. The Committee heard conflicting testimony from scientists on the effectiveness and cost of liquid additives from how effective they were ... |
|
| Selected Technology Issues in U.S. Aquaculture |
SEP 1995 |
86 pages |
| Authors:
OFFICE OF TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT WASHINGTON DC
|
| Aquaculture has a long history of supplying protein and other products around the world, but a short history of commercial production in the United States (box 1-i). Until the 195Os, aquatic species were produced mainly to supply fish restocking programs, to provide baitfish and sportfish for fee fishing operations, and for direct family consumption; little reached commercial markets. Although trout had been produced for food since the turn of the ... |
|
| Agriculture, Trade, and Environment: Achieving Complementary Policies |
MAY 95 |
250 pages |
| Authors:
OFFICE OF TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT WASHINGTON DC
|
| Times have changed. No where is that more evident than in U.S. agriculture. Increasing global integration, expanding world agricultural markets, and broadening environmental priorities both at home and abroad are defining new policy challenges for the United States. This report provides information that can help align agricultural legislation with emerging needs and trends. Current policies do not ameliorate conflicts between agriculture production and environmental quality, between trade and the environment, ... |
|
| Agricultural Trade: Five Countries' Foreign Development for High-Value Products |
DEC 94 |
26 pages |
| Authors:
GENERAL ACCOUNTING OFFICE WASHINGTON DC GENERAL GOVERNMENT DIV
|
| As you requested, we are providing an overview of the structure, funding, and promotional activities of the organizations that do foreign market development for agricultural products in five countries that are among the world's largest exporters of high-value products (HvP). Specifically, we obtained information on (1) the organizations in France, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the Netherlands that help develop foreign markets for their high- value agricultural products; (2) the ... |
|
| Peasant Resistance to Collectivization in the Western Oblast, 1929-1937 |
94 |
|
| Authors:
Larry M. Thompson; NORTH CAROLINA UNIV AT CHAPEL HILL
|
| From 1929 to 1937 the Soviet government conducted a campaign to collectivize agriculture. This paper is a study of how peasants in the Western Oblast resisted collectivization during these years and how their strategies evolved to combat the changing nature of the Soviet state. Violence typified peasant opposition to state policies in the early years of collectivization from 1929 to 1934. During the years 1935 to 1937, in contrast to ... |
|
Agricultural Economics
