| FY 97 Geophysics Technology Area Plan |
MAY 96 |
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| Authors:
AIR MATERIEL COMMAND WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
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| The Effects of Magnetic Storm Phases on F-Layer Irregularities from Auroral to Equatorial Latitudes |
31 MAR 96 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Jules Aarons; Michael Mendillo; BOSTON UNIV MA CENTER FOR SPACE PHYSICS
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 | Studies in conjunction with J. Clynch of the Naval Post Graduate School showed that very severe magnetic storms have affected GPS reception at auroral latitudes. Analysis of auroral data indicates that some receivers ride through high amplitude scintillation. Receiver characteristics are discussed which keep track so that short term fades do not affect lock immediately. |
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| Magnetospheric Morphology and Dynamics: Specification of the Near-Earth Operational Environment |
03 JAN 96 |
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| Authors:
Ching-I. Meng; JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV LAUREL MD APPLIED PHYSICS LAB
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| The Effects of Magnetic Storm Phases on F-Layer Irregularities from Auroral to Equatorial Latitudes |
31 DEC 95 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Jules Aarons; Michael Mendillo; BOSTON UNIV MA CENTER FOR SPACE PHYSICS
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| At high latitudes, data sets were used from a large number of stations of the International GPS Service for Geodynamics. In Europe - Ny Alesund, Tromso, Kiruna and Onsala. In North America - Yellowknife, Fairbanks, Algonquit, St. John's. These data sets were used to determine if one could forecast when scintillations would be present during magnetically quiet periods and during storm periods. It was found in a study of the ... |
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| Testing and Validation of the Magnetospheric Specification Model |
DEC 95 |
74 pages |
| Authors:
Clark M. Groves; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
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| The Magnetospheric Specification Model (MSM) is a computer simulation which specifies energetic charged particle fluxes in the earth's magnetosphere. It is a first of its kind model. Earth's magnetosphere is of enormous size and complexity, and is the hostile operational arena for a wide variety of critical military hardware. Satellites are especially subject to environmental damage by peaks in energetic charged particle flux induced by solar wind dynamics. MSM receives ... |
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| Improved Models of the Inner and Outer Radiation Belts |
DEC 95 |
187 pages |
| Authors:
K. A. Pfitzer; MCDONNELL DOUGLAS AEROSPACE HUNTINGTON BEACH CA SPACE SYSTEMS
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| A pitch angle dependent invariant routine has been developed. This routine written in FORTRAN calculates the first and second invariant for an arbitrary number of pitch angles at any satellite location within the magnetosphere. The routine uses a new fast version of the IGRF internal magnetic field and the Olson-Pfitzer 1977 external magnetic field routine. The internal routine uses term dropping at large distances as well as improved coding to ... |
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| The Effects of Magnetic Storm Phases on F-Layer Irregularities from Auroral to Equatorial Lattitudes |
30 SEP 95 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Jules Aarons; Michael Mendillo; BOSTON UNIV MA CENTER FOR SPACE PHYSICS
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| Radar data from Jicamarca, Peru and phase fluctuation data from Arequipa, Santiago and Kourou were used to study the occurrence and intensity of phase fluctuations of GPS signals. In the study of 14 days of campaign equatorial data, there was a longitudinal separation of 5.5 degrees between the overhead field line at the radar site at Jicamarca and the overhead field line at Arequipa. At times thin layers were shown ... |
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| Report of a Workshop on Technical Approaches to Construction of a Seafloor Geomagnetic Observatory |
SEP 95 |
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| Authors:
Alan D. Chave; Arthur W. Green Jr.; Rob L. Evans; Fred N. Spies; jean h. filloux; WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION MA
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 | This report considers the technical issues on sensors, data recording and transmission, control and timing, power, and packaging associated with constructing a seafloor geomagnetic observatory. Existing technologies either already in use for oceanographic purposes or adapted from terrestrial geomagnetic observatories could be applied to measure the vector magnetic field components and absolute intensity with minimal development. The major technical challenge arises in measuring absolute direction on the seafloor because terrestrial ... |
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| The Effects of Magnetic Storm Phases on F-Layer Irregularities from Auroral to Equatorial Latitudes |
30 JUN 95 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Jules Aarons; Michael Mendillo; BOSTON UNIV MA CENTER FOR SPACE PHYSICS
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| A poster paper was shown at the AGU Meeting with interest from various groups. The equatorial and high latitudes data set included magnetically quiet periods and magnetically disturbed periods. It was found that extremely high altitude plumes developed on the magnetic equator in early phases of 7 magnetic storms. Comparisons were made between 6300 A depletions and phase fluctuations in a cooperative study with Ms. Colerico, our AASERT graduate student. ... |
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| The Joint US/UK EPOCH World Magnetic Model 1995 |
APR 95 |
377 pages |
| Authors:
John M. Quinn; Rachel J. Coleman; Donald L. Shiel; NAVAL OCEANOGRAPHIC OFFICE STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS
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| This report contains a detailed summary of the data used, analyses performed, modeling techniques employed, and results obtained during the course of the 1995 Epoch World Magnetic Modeling effort. This report also contains the GEOMAG algorithm and describes its uses and limitations. Charts derived from the WMM-95 model and the GEOMAG algorithm for both the Main geomagnetic field components and their Secular Variations are presented on Mercator and polar stereographic ... |
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| CRRES Observations of the Composition of the Ring-Current Ion Populations |
15 FEB 95 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
J. L. Roeder; J. F. Fennell; M. W. Chen; M. Schulz; M. Grande; AEROSPACE CORP EL SEGUNDO CA TECHNOLOGY OPERATIONS
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| The Magnetospheric Ion Composition Spectrometer onboard the CRRES spacecraft provided mass and charge state composition data for positive ions in the energy-per-charge range 10-425 keV/e. The CRRES data is compared to the AMPTE/CCE observations during both geomagnetically quiet and active periods. The CRRES average radial profiles of H+, He+, and He++ during quiet intervals are remarkably similar to those measured by CCE. The excess of ions measured by CRRES at ... |
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| The Effects of Magnetic Storm Phases on F-Layer Irregularities from Auroral to Equatorial Latitudes |
31 DEC 94 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Jules Aarons; Michael Mendillo; BOSTON UNIV MA CENTER FOR SPACE PHYSICS
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| During the past twenty years our understanding of Equatorial Scintillation Storms (ES S) has reached a considerable maturity. We understand the average occurrence pattern and underlying physics quite well. We also understand many of the processes which create the day to day variability and which are crucial to the development of forecasting techniques. Yet there remains a persistent, illusive quality in predicting degradation of signals propagating through the ionosphere because ... |
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| An Improved Algorithm for Computing Altitude Dependent Corrected Geomagnetic Coordinates |
19 DEC 94 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
K. H. Bhavnani; C. A. Hein; RADEX INC BEDFORD MA
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| An improved algorithm for computing altitude dependent corrected geomagnetic (CGM) coordinates from geocentric coordinates (and, where it exists, the inverse) using spherical harmonics is described. The method uses a tenth order spherical harmonic fit to the direction cosines (a unit vector) in a suitably chosen intermediate, altitude adjusted coordinate system. The need for this auxiliary coordinate system is to avoid convergence problems associated with the discontinuity in the CGM latitude ... |
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| Investigation of the Ionospheric Short-Term Variability |
OCT 94 |
48 pages |
| Authors:
Zwi Houminer; TECHNION - ISRAEL INST OF TECH HAIFA ASHER SPACE RESEARCH INST
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| Both the total electron content of the ionosphere (TEC) and the critical frequency of the F2 layer (foF2) exhibit large day-to-day variations during quiet and active geomagnetic periods. It is of great interest to ascertain whether good correlation exists between TEC daily variability about the monthly mean and foF2 variations. With the availability of the global GPS constellation to provide instantaneous time-delay values such a correlation may enable the improvement ... |
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| The Effects of Magnetic Storm Phases on F-Layer Irregularities from Auroral to Equatorial Latitudes |
30 SEP 94 |
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| Authors:
Jules Aarons; Michael Mendillo; BOSTON UNIV MA CENTER FOR SPACE PHYSICS
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| A Simulation of Plasma Motion in the Polar Ionosphere |
SEP 94 |
52 pages |
| Authors:
David W. Deist; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| A model of plasma motion in the polar ionosphere is presented. Plasma motion due to polar convection and corotation above 50 deg N is modeled. The universal time (UT)-dependent corotation electric field (in the geomagnetic frame) is added to a polar convection electric field that is UT-dependent in the geographic frame and the total is displayed in both reference frames. To simulate actual magnetic conditions, varying polar convection patterns may ... |
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| CRRESPRO Documentation |
28 JUL 94 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Jeralyn D. Meffert; M. S. Gussenhoven; PHILLIPS LAB HANSCOM AFB MA
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| This technical report documents the software package CRRESPRO developed by the Phillips Laboratory. The CRRESPRO utility calculates proton omnidirectional fluence and integral omnidirectional fluence over the energy range 1-100 MeV for orbits specified by the user. Proton fluence is calculated from proton flux models created using data measured by the proton telescope (PROTEL) on the Combined Release and Radiation Effects Satellite (CRRES), which flew in a geosynchronous transfer orbit for ... |
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| Magnetospheric and Ionospheric Signals in Magnetic Observatory Monthly Means: Electrical Conductivity of the Deep Mantle |
10 JUL 1994 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Malcolm G. McLeod; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS
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| First differences of magnetic observatory monthly means for 1963-1982 were analyzed using techniques of spherical harmonic analysis and power spectral analysis. The external source signal is shown to be primarily zonal in geomagnetic coordinates. Prominent peaks are present in the power spectrum at frequencies of 1.0 cycle/yr and 2.0 cycles/yr. The annual signal is largest on the degree 2 external zonal spherical harmonic, while the semiannual signal is largest on ... |
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| Radiation Belt Dynamic and Quasi-Static Modeling Based on CRRES Data |
30 JUN 94 |
92 pages |
| Authors:
Y. T. Chiu; M. A. Rinaldi; W. E. Francis; R. M. Robinson; R. W. Nightingale; LOCKHEED MISSILES AND SPACE CO INC PALO ALTO CA SPACE SCIENCES LAB
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| This report summarizes achievements made in the subject contract. New results on modeling the outer magnetosphere have been derived in order to provide an interpretation of CRRES radiation belt data. New features of the outer radiation belt dynamic response to geomagnetic storms are characterized by using CRRES data. A CRRES outer-belt electron data base was chosen and quantitative determination of adiabatic and diffusive elements of the outer electron belt dynamic ... |
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| First Principles Used in Orbital Prediction and an Atmospheric Model Comparison |
16 JUN 94 |
71 pages |
| Authors:
Brian E. Bowden; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| This thesis develops an orbital prediction model based on fundamental principles of orbital dynamics and drag. A FORTRAN based orbital prediction scheme was designed to provide accurate ephemerides for a particular DoD satellite program. The satellite program under study has satellites at 650 and 800 kilometers with high inclinations. In order to obtain the highest accuracy possible, a comparison of atmospheric models had to be conducted in order to determine ... |
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| Archaeological Geophysics Investigation of the Wright Brothers 1910 Hangar Site: Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio |
APR 94 |
50 pages |
| Authors:
Dwain K. Butler; Janet E. Simms; Daryl S. Cook; ARMY ENGINEER WATERWAYS EXPERIMENT STATION VICKSBURG MS GEOTECHNICAL LAB
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| An archaeological geophysics investigation was conducted at the site of the 1910 hangar constructed by the Wright Brothers on Huffman Prairie, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, near Dayton, Ohio. The hangar was destroyed as part of base renovation during the buildup to World War II, and its exact location is unknown. The purpose of the investigation is to confirm the exact location of the hangar and to locate any buried artifacts ... |
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| ELF Communications System Ecological Monitoring Program: Electromagnetic Field Measurements and Engineering Support |
APR 94 |
375 pages |
| Authors:
D. P. Haradam; J. R. Gauger; J. E. Zapotosky; IIT RESEARCH INST CHICAGO IL
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| The ELF Communications System enables the U.S. Navy to communicate with submarines worldwide at operational depth and speed. The system consists of transmitting facilities in Wisconsin and Michigan that synchronously broadcast messages. Transmitters became fully operational in Wisconsin in 1985 and in Michigan in 1989. In situ studies to monitor for possible bioelectromagnetic effects from operation of both transmitters were initiated in 1982. The studies use a split-plot or blocked ... |
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| Ion Heating Perpendicular to the Magnetic Field |
28 MAR 94 |
41 pages |
| Authors:
Mats Andre; Tom Chang; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE CENTER FOR SPACE RESEARCH
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| Several theories of ion heating perpendicular to the geomagnetic field are briefly reviewed and assessed. Perpendicular heating of ions leading to the formation of ion conics is common in the ionosphere and magnetosphere. Ion conics at altitudes above a few thousand kilometers are often associated with waves around the ion gyrofrequency. It is concluded that the majority of these ion conics that are locally heated or generated over extended altitude ... |
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| Simultaneous Observations of the Westward Electrojet and the Cross-Tail Current Sheet During Substorms |
31 JAN 94 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
R. E. Lopez; H. E. Spence; C. I. Meng; AEROSPACE CORP EL SEGUNDO CA
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| In this report we present the results of a study using data from AMPTE/CCE, ground stations, and DMSP F7 during substorms. We have examined 12 events during which CCE was located near the neutral sheet and observed the disruption of the cross-tail current. During these events there were simultaneous ground magnetic field data near to the CCE local time sector. DMSP F7 crossed the nightside auroral oval within 40 minutes ... |
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| Monitoring Release of Disposable Radionuclides in the Kara Sea: Bioaccumulation of Long-Lived Radionuclides in Echinoderms and Molluscs |
94 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Nicholas S. Fisher; STATE UNIV OF NEW YORK AT STONY BROOK MARINE SCIENCES RESEARCH CENTER
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| The objective of the present proposal is to continue and extend our research on the trophic transfer of important radionuclides in benthic fauna of the Kara Sea. This project is assessing the extent to which select species of seastars, brittle stars, and clams typical of the Kara Sea concentrate and retain a variety of long-lived radionuclides known to be (or suspected to be) present in the disposed wastes in the ... |
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| The Effects of Magnetic Storm Phases on F-Layer Irregularities from Auroral to Equatorial Latitudes |
31 DEC 93 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Jules Aarons; Michael Mendillo; BOSTON UNIV MA CENTER FOR SPACE PHYSICS
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| During this quarter there was the start of an extensive review of the literature on middle latitude irregularities. In earlier reports we have noted the levels of irregularities at latitudes above the equatorial anomaly region (within 15 degrees of the magnetic equator) thru our analysis of a few examples of raw data from Osan, Korea. We then began to reduce and analyze data from Puerto Rico and Hawaii using 136 ... |
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| Self-Consistent Effects of Magnetospheric Hydromagnetic Waves on Ring Current Ions |
31 DEC 93 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Mary Hudson; DARTMOUTH COLL HANOVER NH DEPT OF PHYSICS
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| Major progress was made in obtaining an explanation for the rapid formation of new electron and proton radiation belts during the March 30, 1991 geomagnetic storm sudden commencement. Preliminary work on proton acceleration during the same event was reported at the Fall AGU meeting in December, an important feature of the simulation code that has been developed is the ability to post-process data runs after the trajectories of several hundred ... |
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| Determination of the Auroral Oval Q Index from the Air Weather Service K Index |
18 OCT 93 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
B. S. Dandekar; PHILLIPS LAB HANSCOM AFB MA
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| The AWS determines the auroral oval diameter in real time as a function of the Kp index from the particle precipitation measured aboard Defense Meteorological Satellites (DMSP). For the Q index needed to drive the auroral algorithm in the AWS polar ionospheric model, Hardy determined a relation between the Kp and the Q index. The analysis indicates that the auroral oval index Q computed from the AWS-K is overestimated. A ... |
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| CDAW-9 Analysis of Magnetospheric Events on 3 May 1986: Event C |
01 OCT 93 |
64 pages |
| Authors:
D. N. Baker; T. I. Pulkkinen; R. L. McPherron; J. D. Craven; L. A. Frank; AEROSPACE CORP EL SEGUNDO CA ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY GROUP
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| The ninth Coordinated Data Analysis Workshop (CDAW-9) focussed upon several intervals within the PROMIS period (March-June 1986). Event interval C comprised the period 0000-1200 UT on 3 May 1986 which was a highly disturbed time near the end of a geomagnetic storm interval. A very large substorm early in the period commenced at 0111 UT and had a peak AE index value of approx. 1500 nT. Subsequent activity was lower, ... |
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| Electron Beams at Geosynchronous Orbit |
SEP 93 |
102 pages |
| Authors:
Raymond C. Gaw; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| This thesis surveys electron and ion measurements collected by the geosynchronous satellite 1989-046. In particular, this survey focuses on a phenomenon known as electron beams , which are attributed to the sudden acceleration of electrons along the earth's magnetic field lines. Observations over a twelve day period reveal electron beam occurrences during the first few minutes of hot plasma injection associated with a magnetospheric substorm. Analysis of distribution functions show ... |
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| Convection Algorithms for Magnetospheric Particles |
10 AUG 93 |
42 pages |
| Authors:
Kevin J. Kerns; PHILLIPS LAB HANSCOM AFB MA
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| This report documents in detail the implementation of the convection model used for the research by Kerns, Hardy, and Gussenhoven titled 'Modelling of Convection Boundaries Seen by CRRES in 120 eV to 28 keV Particles.' This research is to be published in the Journal of Geophysical Research, Space Physics in 1993. The convection model assumes an Earth centered dipole magnetic field with equipotential field lines and a static cross tail ... |
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| Initial Analysis and Modeling Results from the Polar Orbiting Geomagnetic Survey (POGS) Satellite |
AUG 93 |
65 pages |
| Authors:
John M. Quinn; Donald L. Shiel; Mario H. Acuna; John Scheifle; NAVAL OCEANOGRAPHIC OFFICE STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS
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| The spatial and temporal character of fully calibrated geomagnetic data collected on selected orbits of the Polar Orbiting Geomagnetic Survey (POGS) satellite mission during the first 6 months of 1991 is analyzed with respect to a preliminary, degree 12 spherical-harmonic magnetic field model derived from selected POGS data collected during January and February 1991. The accuracy of global models derived from these data depends on the vector magnetometer calibrations, thermal ... |
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| Global Zones of Particle Precipitation as Observed EXOS-C |
31 JUL 93 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
ARKANSAS UNIV AT PINE BLUFF SPACE AND ENVIRONMENT STUDIES LAB
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| A study of the precipitation of protons (0.64 35 MeV) and electrons (0.19 - 3.2 MeV) in the northern auroral zone based on the observations of EXOS- C satellite during 1994-86 reveal that the global peak flux profile follows the global minimum magnetic field profile with a full-width-at-half-maximum (FWFM) of approx 7 deg for the proton zone and approx 5 deg for the electron zone. Maximum particle flux occurs in ... |
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| Steps Toward Understanding the Solar Dynamo |
31 JUL 93 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Barry LaBonte; HAWAII UNIV HONOLULU INST FOR ASTRONOMY
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| Progress has been made toward solving the problem of the solar dynamo. The flux tube dynamo has been defined as a promising model for future investigation. Surface solar magnetic fields have been observed to determine whether electric currents carried by the fields can yield information about the dynamo region. Observational tools have been developed to probe the internal solar magnetic fields. |
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| A Unified Approach to Geopotential Field Modeling |
JUL 93 |
118 pages |
| Authors:
John M. Quinn; Donald L. Shiel; NAVAL OCEANOGRAPHIC OFFICE STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS
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| It is shown that when both vector and gradient tensor components of a potential field are simultaneously available, inverse problems, such as determining the depth to the oceanic magnetic basement, can be split into a purely geometric problem, which seeks to determine the dimension and position parameters of one or more prisms and a purely geophysical problem, which seeks to determine the physical properties (i.e., the magnetization, polarization, density, etc.) ... |
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| Magnetic Field Modeling of the Northern Juan De Fuca and Explorer Plates |
JUL 93 |
85 pages |
| Authors:
John M. Quinn; Donald L. Shiel; NAVAL OCEANOGRAPHIC OFFICE STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS
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| The Juan de Fuca and Explorer plates have been extensively surveyed over a period of several decades, primarily using shipborne scalar magnetometers, as noted by Raff and Mason (1961), Elvers et al. (1974), and more recently by Tivey and Johnson (1990). The original purpose for the analysis being presented here was to develop a practical method of identifying hazards to underwater navigation for the U.S. Navy, using magnetic techniques that ... |
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| The Major Magnetic Storm of March 13-14, 1989 and Associated Ionosphere Effects |
30 JUN 1993 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
F. J. Rich; W. F. Denig; PHILLIPS LAB HANSCOM AFB MA
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| The geomagnetic storm of March 1989 was the largest geomagnetic storm of the decade and one of the largest of the century. We review many of the 'high-latitude' ionospheric observations that were made during this storm. Most of the data presented here comes from the polar-orbiting satellites of the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) series. A review of the DMSP data shows that most of the high-latitude, top-side ionospheric disturbance ... |
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| Penetrating Radiation Environment and Effects Study |
15 JUN 93 |
82 pages |
| Authors:
H. D. Voss; W. L. Imhof; J. Mobilia; E. E. Gaines; LOCKHEED MISSILES AND SPACE CO INC PALO ALTO CA SPACE SCIENCES LAB
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| This report summarizes some of the PREE achievements to data on data acquired from the Lockheed IMS-HI and SEP instruments on the CRRES satellite. The primary objectives of the PREE research are to: (1) inter-calibrate the ONR 307 instruments; (2) develop algorithms and software for understanding and modeling the radiation belts; (3) develop key parameters; and, (4) study the dynamic radiation belt variations in the slot region and the outer ... |
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| A Correlative Comparison of Geomagnetic Storms and Auroral Substorms Using Geomagnetic Indeces |
JUN 93 |
118 pages |
| Authors:
William B. Cade III; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH
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| Partial contents include the following: (1) Geomagnetic storm and substorm processes; (2) Magnetospheric structure; (3) Substorm processes; (4) Data description; (5) Geomagnetic indices; and (6) Data period and data sets. |
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| Detailed Analysis Case Studies of Trapped Plasmas at the Earth's Magnetic Equator |
JUN 93 |
154 pages |
| Authors:
Eric S. Lantto; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
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| A previous statistical survey of data from the HPCE experiment on the AMPTE/CCE satellite established probability distributions for trapped ions and electrons. An extension of this survey for ions at 240 and 442 eV and for electrons at 340 and 770 eV confirmed these distributions. A further detailed analysis of the electron data from 13 individual data collection days also showed the trapped electron distribution to be concentrated in the ... |
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| The Effects of Magnetic Storm Phases on F-Layer Irregularities from Auroral to Equatorial Latitudes |
31 MAR 93 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Jules Aarons; Michael Mendillo; BOSTON UNIV MA CENTER FOR SPACE PHYSICS
|
| Equatorial ionospheric irregularities in the F layer have been the subject of intensive experimental and theoretical investigations during recent years. The class of irregularities which continues to receive much attention is characterized by large scale plasma depletions, generally referred to as ionospheric plumes and bubbles. The F-region nightglow emissions arising from recombination processes can be used to observe the dynamics of transequatorial ionospheric plasma bubbles and smaller scale plasma irregularities. ... |
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| Analysis of Geophysical Measurements and Spacecraft Interactions |
29 JAN 93 |
286 pages |
| Authors:
J. N. Bass; K. H. Bhavnani; N. A. Bonito; K. H. Bounar; P. L. Grady; RADEX INC BEDFORD MA
|
| Investigations were supported to analyze geophysical measurements with integrated applications of ephemerides physics, and mathematics of the ionosphere and near space. Projects undertaken included analytical and computational simulation of spacecraft interactions processes associated with charging, contamination, liquid venting, and critical ionization velocity; data based and analytical investigations of trapped particles, dosage, magnetic fields and instrumentation for the CRRES experiment; data based studies of auroral electron and ion precipitation including neural ... |
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| Handbook for the USAF Space Environment Standard (MIL-STD-1809) |
JAN 93 |
70 pages |
| Authors:
AEROSPACE CORP EL SEGUNDO CA SPACE SCIENCES LAB
|
| The Handbook for the Space Environment Standard (MIL-STD-1809) is a companion document to the Standard. The Standard is necessarily a very concise document, so that the Handbook is intended to make its usage easier. The Handbook describes the sources of the environmental models cited in the Standard, as well as the usage of the models, and their limitations. Means for obtaining the cited models are given as well. With the ... |
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| The Flux and Fluence of Major Solar Proton Events and their Record in Antarctic Snow |
1993 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
M. A. Shea; D. F. Smart; G. A. Dreschhoff; E. J. Zeller; PHILLIPS LAB HANSCOM AFB MA
|
| A study of the major solar proton events since 1955 has shown that the large fluence events are likely to be associated with a solar flare source near the central meridian of the sun while the events with large peak proton- flux are likely to be associated with solar flares near the west limb of the sun. We compare the solar proton events to the measurements of nitrate concentrations in ... |
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| High Energy Cosmic Ray Modulation in March-June 1991 |
1993 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
M. A. Shea; D. F. Smart; D. B. Swinson; M. D. Wilson; PHILLIPS LAB HANSCOM AFB MA
|
| The lowest galactic cosmic ray intensity since the initiation of continuous neutron monitor measurements was recorded in June 1991. Using neutron monitors and both surface and underground muon detectors we show that the solar- terrestrial phenomena between March and June 1 991 modulated the galactic cosmic ray intensity above 45 GeV. Cosmic trays, Neutron monitors, Muon detectors, Solar activity, Cosmic ray modulation. |
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| The Ground-Level Enhancements of 29 September and 22 October 1989 |
1993 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
M. L. Duldig; J. L. Cramp; J. E. Humble; D. F. Smart; M. A. Shea; J. W. Bieber; P. Evenson; K. B. Fenton; A. G. Fenton; M. B. Bendoricchio; PHILLIPS LAB HANSCOM AFB MA
|
| During the solar maximum of 1989-91 an unprecedented sequence of 13 cosmic ray ground-level enhancements (GLEs) was observed by the world-wide neutron monitor network. Of particular interest were two GLEs observed by the Australian network. The 1989 September 29 event was the largest GLE in the space era while the October 22 GLE included an highly anisotropic precursor peak. Analysis of both these GLES. taking into account disturbed geomagnetic conditions, ... |
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| Overview of the Solar-Terrestrial Predictions Workshop IV |
1993 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
J. Hruska; M. A. Shea; D. F. Smart; G. Heckman; J. W. Hirman; Jr Coles G. L.; PHILLIPS LAB HANSCOM AFB MA
|
| The impact of solar phenomena and correlated geomagnetic, ionospheric and magnetospheric activity on various technologies is indisputable. The most important element in solar-terrestrial forecasting is the understanding of solar events and their impact on the earth's environment. The problems facing forecasters of solar-terrestrial activity were discussed at this Solar- Terrestrial Predictions Workshop held in Ottawa, Canada in May 1992. The results and recommendations of the scientists participating in this Workshop ... |
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| Remote Sensing of Inner Heliospheric Plasmas |
15 DEC 92 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Bernard V. Jackson; CALIFORNIA UNIV SAN DIEGO LA JOLLA
|
| Solar disturbances produce major effects on the corona, the solar wind, the interplanetary medium, and the Earth along with its magnetosphere. We have developed new techniques for studying plasma disturbances in the inner heliosphere by remotely sensing them. These techniques use data from the HELIOS spacecraft zodiacal light photometers, the ISEE-3 spacecraft kilometer radio- wave experiment, and a variety of other spacecraft and ground-based instruments. New in this study is ... |
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| The Effect of the March 1991 Storm on Accumulated Dose for Selected Satellite Orbits: CRRES Dose Models |
DEC 1992 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
M. S. Gussenhoven; E. G. Mullen; Michele Sperry; K. J. Kerns; PHILLIPS LAB HANSCOM AFB MA
|
| Three dose models are constructed using direct measurements of dose on the CRRES satellite, in a low-inclination, geosynchronous-transfer orbit. The Average Model uses data taken over the entire 14 months of the CRRES mission from July 1990 to October 1991. The Quiet Model uses data from July 1990 to March 1991. The Active Model uses data from March 1991 to October 1991. The separation of the quiet and active periods ... |
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| Diagnostics of Magnetic Substorms Using Satellite Observations of Magnetic Pulsations |
26 OCT 92 |
65 pages |
| Authors:
Chin S. Lin; SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INST SAN ANTONIO TX
|
| This project has demonstrated that one class of magnetic pulsations known as stormtime Pc 5 waves is correlated with substorm onsets. Stormtime Pc 5 waves observed by geostationary satellites in the afternoon sector is characterized by oscillations of magnetic field with a period from 2 to 10 minutes, easily detected by magnetometers on communication or weather satellites. The estimated substorm onset times are found to be within 20 minutes of ... |
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Geomagnetism
