| The Influence of Ridge Geometry at the Ultraslow-Spreading Southwest Indiean Ridge (9 deg - 25 deg E): Basalt Composition Sensitivity to Variations in Source and Process |
FEB 2006 |
|
| Authors:
Jared J. Standish; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE JOINT PROGRAM IN APPLIED OCEAN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
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 | Between 9 deg - 25 deg E on the ultraslow-spreading Southwest Indian Ridge lie two sharply contrasting supersegments. One 630 km long supersegment erupts N-MORB that is progressively enriched in incompatible element concentrations from east to west. The second 400 km long supersegment contains three separate volcanic centers erupting E-MORB and connected by long amagmatic accretionary segments, where mantle is emplaced directly to the seafloor with only scattered N-MORB and ... |
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| Production of Lunar Oxygen Through Vacuum Pyrolysis |
26 JAN 2006 |
71 pages |
| Authors:
John Matchett; GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV WASHINGTON DC SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND APPLIED SCIENCE
|
 | Increasing efficiency of future space exploration will require that missions utilize non-terrestrial resources for propellant manufacture. The vacuum pyrolysis method of oxygen production from lunar regolith presents a viable option for in situ propellant production because of its simple operation involving limited resources from earth. Lunar regolith, the fine layer of pulverized rock across the entire lunar surface, is composed of approximately forty percent oxygen in the form of metal ... |
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| U.S. Trade Deficit and the Impact of Rising Oil Prices |
20 JAN 2006 |
|
| Authors:
James K. Jackson; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| Petroleum prices have risen sharply since early 2004. At the same time, the average level of imports of energy-related petroleum products has risen slightly. The combination of sharply rising prices and a slightly higher level of imports of energy-related petroleum products translates into an escalating cost for those imports. This rising cost could add an estimated $70 billion to the nation's trade deficit in 2005, depending on how sustainable the ... |
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| Validation of High-Resolution Inversion Techniques for Measuring Seabed Geoacoustic Properties during the ONR-SW06 Experiment |
Jan 2006 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Altan Turgut; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC ACOUSTICS DIV
|
| The long term goals of this work are to develop high-resolution subbottom imaging and inversion techniques that can be complementary to low-frequency geoacoustic inversion methods. The objectives of this effort are to invert bottom geoacoustic properties along the ONR-SW06 acoustic propagation tracks by using chirp sonar data and to validate the inversion results by using wide-band acoustic probe measurements of sound-speed and attenuation. |
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| Scoping of Flood Hazard Mapping Needs for Merrimack County, New Hampshire |
2006 |
69 pages |
| Authors:
Robert H. Flynn; DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR WASHINGTON DC
|
| This report was prepared by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) New Hampshire/VermontWater Science Center for scoping of flood-hazard mapping needs for Merrimack County, New Hampshire, under Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Inter-Agency agreement Number HSFE01-05X-0018. This section of the report explains the objective of the task and the purpose of the reports. |
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| Selected Well Data Used in Determining Ground-Water Availability in the North and South Carolina Atlantic Coastal Plain Aquifer Systems |
2006 |
90 pages |
| Authors:
Larry G. Harrelson; Jason M. Fine; GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RESTON VA
|
| The data presented in this report are for selected wells in North and South Carolina that are located in the Atlantic Coastal Plain aquifer system. The data represent a partial inventory of wells in the study area and are to be used to update a regional flow model for North and South Carolina. This inventory includes a total of 813 wells in North Carolina and 461 wells in South Carolina. ... |
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| Oxidation of Light Alkanes Using Photocatalytic Thin Films |
2006 |
159 pages |
| Authors:
Troy M. Twesme; WISCONSIN UNIV-MADISON
|
| This investigation studied the photocatalytic oxidation of light alkanes using photocatalytic thin films. In the research presented, nearly complete oxidation of isobutane, n-butane and propane using ZrO2/TiO2 thin films in a single pass reactor was demonstrated. The importance of reactor design on the effectiveness of the photocatalytic reaction is discussed in terms of photocatalyst packing and adequate illumination for catalyst activation. The influence of relative humidity in the contaminant feed ... |
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| Quantifying Consolidation and Reordering in Natural Granular Media from Computed Tomography Images |
2006 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Allen H. Reed; Karsten E. Thompson; Wenli Zhang; Clinton S. Willson; Kevin B. Briggs; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS SEAFLOOR SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
|
| Packing of granular media is an extremely important determinant in reservoir rock evolution, sound speed propagation, fluid flow and sediment compressibility. X-ray microfocus computed tomography (XMCT) images with high-resolution were evaluated using a grain-based algorithm that quantifies discrete components and bulk properties of sedimentary systems at different states of compaction or at approximately minimum and maximum packing densities. Angularity of these sands ranges from rounded to subrounded to subangular. Network ... |
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| Eruptive Flow Response in a Multi-Component Driven System by an Interacting Lattice Gas Simulation |
2006 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
R. B. Pandey; J. F. Gettrust; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS SEAFLOOR SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
|
| An interacting lattice gas model is used to study flow of immiscible components A and B by Monte Carlo simulations. Concentration gradients and hydrostatic pressure bias drive these constituents from their source at the bottom against gravitational sedimentation in an effective medium. Response of their flux densities to the hydrostatic bias H are examined. If both constituents are released with equal probabilities (a non-interacting source), their flux densities respond linearly ... |
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| Factors Influencing Material Removal And Surface Finish Of The Polishing Of Silica Glasses |
2006 |
107 pages |
| Authors:
Alan C. Landis; NORTH CAROLINA UNIV AT CHARLOTTE DEPT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
|
| The polishing process is ancient form of material processing that has changed little in form over thousands of years. Even with all of the experience that the human race has gained on the subject, the underlying mechanism that promotes polishing still lies in the realm of theory. Of the existing theories available, each falls into one of two broad categories, chemical or mechanical removal mechanisms, or a combination of both. ... |
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| Studies of Biosilicification; The Role of Proteins, Carbohydrates and Model Compounds in Structure Control |
31 DEC 2005 |
141 pages |
| Authors:
Carole C. Perry; NOTTINGHAM TRENT UNIV (UNITED KINGDOM)
|
| `Si' (in some form) has been shown to be associated with post-translationally modified protein and carbohydrate biopolymer components of the plant cell wall from Equisetum arvense. Bioextracts from the plant cell wall and bioinspired additives from amino acids, peptides, proteins and molecules containing reactive groups such as amines and hydroxyl groups have been found to modify the properties of silicas generated in their presence. The observed patterns of behaviour are ... |
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| Predictability in Unstable, Continuous Systems/Predictability and Dynamics of Geophysical Fluid Flows |
DEC 2005 |
3 pages |
| Authors:
Roger M. Samelson; OREGON STATE UNIV CORVALLIS
|
| Research under this grant focused primarily on computations of unstable nonlinear periodic solutions, time-dependent normal modes (Floquet vectors), and singular vectors in a two-layer quasi-geostrophic channel model. The model was studied in weakly and strongly nonlinear regimes, in which small disturbances to an unstable, steady, zonal, baroclinic shear flow grow to finite amplitude and continue to vacillate irregularly for arbitrarily long times. The computation of time-dependent, normal-mode disturbances to unstable, ... |
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| China in the South China Sea: Genuine Multilateralism or a Wolf in Sheep's Clothing? |
DEC 2005 |
106 pages |
| Authors:
John W. Jackson; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| The South China Sea claimants base their claims on ancient documentation and archeological evidence. However, they largely ignored the territories until the 1960s, when natural resource speculations began. The 1982 UNCLOS magnified interest as claimants hoped to extend exclusive economic rights from their claims rather than continental coastlines. Another possible factor behind Chinese claims is the theory that Beijing desires to establish Chinese hegemony in the region. Beijing's shift from ... |
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| Secondary Mineral Formation Associated With Respiration of Nontronite, NAu-1 by Iron Reducing Bacteria |
DEC 2005 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
S. E. O'Reilly; Janet Watkins; Yoko Furukawa; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS SEAFLOOR SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
|
| Experimental batch and miscible-flow cultures were studied in order to determine the mechanistic pathways of microbial Fe(III) respiration in ferruginous smectite clay, NAu-1. The primary purpose was to resolve if alteration of smectite and release of Fe precedes microbial respiration. Alteration of NAu-1, represented by the morphological and mineralogical changes, occurred regardless of the extent of microbial Fe(III) reduction in all of our experimental systems, including those that contained heat-killed ... |
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| Adits, Caves, Karizi-Qanats, and Tunnels in Afghanistan: An Annotated Bibliography |
30 NOV 2005 |
86 pages |
| Authors:
Robert L. Hadden; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER ALEXANDRIA VA TOPOGRAPHIC ENGINEERING CENTER
|
| This bibliography on the caves, tunnels, and other geological features of Afghanistan was begun in September 2001. The work brings together selected citations from a variety of different cartographic, geological, and speleological resources and specialized library collections. Publication dates range from 1830 to 2005. Resources cover books, journal articles, newspaper articles, reports, and maps from a variety of government and private library and geological information centers in Arabic, English, French, ... |
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| Africa's Petroleum Industry |
15 NOV 2005 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
David L. Goldwyn; NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIV WASHINGTON DC INST FOR NATIONAL STRATEGIC STUDIES
|
| Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly West and Central Africa, has become a strategic supplier to the global and U.S. oil and gas market. Africa's importance to U.S. energy security is rising due to Africa's expanding role as an incremental supplier of oil in a tight global oil market, its relative openness to foreign investment, increasing levels of U.S. investment in crude oil and LNG production, the quality of Africa's crude oil, and ... |
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| Africa's Petroleum Industry |
15 NOV 2005 |
|
| Authors:
David L. Goldwyn; NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIV WASHINGTON DC INST FOR NATIONAL STRATEGIC STUDIES
|
| This presentation on Africa's petroleum industry makes the following key points: (1) West Africa is a strategic supplier to the U.S./global market, (2) Africa's role in the global market is expected to increase in the medium term, (3) China and India represent competitors with additional bargaining tools -- downstream investment and abundant capital, (4) threats to stability of supply are more internal than external, and (5) increasing political stability in ... |
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| Bulk Growth and Characterization of Quaternary I-III-VI2 |
OCT 2005 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Arnold Burger; FISK UNIV NASHVILLE TN DEPT OF PHYSICS
|
| Bulk chalcopyrites are essential materials for any second harmonic generation (SHG) or optical parametric oscillation (OPO) applications. These materials are from a class that has been described as the `keystone" for future systems and which will provide a defense for aircraft against heat seeking missiles, a significant threat. Additional these materials may have applications in systems that can detect chemical and biological warfare agents via remote spectroscopy of the atmosphere. ... |
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| Application of a New Grain-Based Reconstruction Algorithm to Microtomography Images, for Quantitative Characterization and Flow Modeling |
OCT 2005 |
12 pages |
| Authors:
Karsten E. Thompson; Clinton S. Willson; Christopher D. White; Stephanie Nyman; Janok Bhattacharya; Allen H. Reed; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS SEAFLOOR SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
|
| X-ray computed microtomography (XMT) is used for high-resolution, non-destructive imaging and has been applied successfully to geologic media. Despite the potential of XMT to aid in formation evaluation, currently it is used mostly as a research tool. One factor preventing more widespread application of XMT technology is limited accessibility to microtomography beamlines. Another factor is that computational tools for quantitative image analysis have not kept pace with the imaging technology ... |
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| Littoral Geoacoustic Surveys Using an Adaptive Network of Gliders (Phase 1) |
30 SEP 2005 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Billy Jones; Gerald Denny; Marc Stewart; Gregory Anderson; WASHINGTON UNIV SEATTLE APPLIED PHYSICS LAB
|
| The goal of this multi-phased effort is to provide over-the-horizon characterization of the ocean water column and seafloor so that areas of safe operations can be identified and sonar performance can be accurately predicted. The tasks to accomplish this are: (1) use autonomous vehicles carrying wideband sensors to improve environmental measurement capabilities, (2) modify geoacoustic inversion algorithms to reduce solution ambiguity, (3) assess and characterize environmental geoacoustic variability and its ... |
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| Ground Shock Propagation in Spatially Random Geological Media |
30 SEP 2005 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
F. Wong; J. Mould; V. Pereyra; WEIDLINGER ASSOCIATES LOS ALTOS CA
|
| Report developed under SBlR contract for topic HDTRA1-05-P-0026. The main issue being addressed is as follows: Given what is known about a rock site, what can one say about the uncertainty in the ground-shock environment that can be expected from an explosive event? To be sure, the amount of data available is directly connected with the ground-shock uncertainty. But does a quantitative, rational procedure exist that one can use to ... |
|
| Fracture Flow Research, Volume 1: Modeling Rock Fracture Intersections - Application in the Boston Area and Estimation of the Well-Test Flow Dimension |
28 SEP 2005 |
341 pages |
| Authors:
Jean Louis Z. Locsin; Herbert H. Einstein; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE DEPT OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
|
| Fractures govern flow, deformation and strength of rock masses. Fracture flow is important with regard to resource extraction (water, gas, oil) as well as groundwater contamination. Fractures through their effect on deformability and strength govern stability of tunnels and slopes in rock and the behavior of building,-, bridge - and dam foundations. Very importantly, they also strongly affect penetration resistance. The research consisted of two components, modeling of joint (fracture) ... |
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| Fracture Flow Research, Volume 2: Modeling Joint Patterns Using Combinations of Mechanical and Probabilistic Concepts |
28 SEP 2005 |
530 pages |
| Authors:
Jean Louis Z. Locsin; Herbert H. Einstein; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE DEPT OF CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
|
| Fractures govern flow, deformation and strength of rock masses. Fracture flow is important with regard to resource extraction (water, gas, oil) as well as groundwater contamination. Fractures through their effect on deformability and strength govern stability of tunnels and slopes in rock and the behavior of building,-, bridge - and darn foundations. Very importantly, they also strongly affect penetration resistance. The research consisted of two components, modeling of joint (fracture) ... |
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| Phosphorous Saturation Characteristics in Relation to Land-Use Practice for Soils in the Upper Eau Galle River Watershed, Wisconsin |
21 SEP 2005 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
William F. James; John W. Barko; David M. Soballe; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS
|
| The purpose of this demonstration was to determine relationships between phosphorus saturation characteristics and extractable phosphorus forms in soils from differing land-use practices in an agriculturally dominated watershed that drains into a U.S. Army Corps of Engineers impoundment. This information will be important for watershed modeling applications that use an index of soils to predict phosphorus loss during runoff. Table 1 Category Program. |
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| Geology and Historical Evolution of Sheldon Marsh Nature Preserve, Lake Erie, Ohio |
SEP 2005 |
46 pages |
| Authors:
Andrew Morang; Shanon Chader; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS COASTAL AND HYDRAULICSLAB
|
| Sheldon Marsh Nature Preserve is located on the southwestern shore of Lake Erie on the southeast end of the 10.5-km-long Cedar Point sand spit. The preserve resembles an inverted "L" with a 1.8-km long barrier beach that fronts Lake Erie and shields a wetland area. The center of the beach is at 82 36'42"W longitude and 41 25'26"N latitude (NAD83). Sheldon Marsh only covers 465 acres, but its ecological importance ... |
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| Generating Enhanced Natural Environments and Terrain for Interactive Combat Simulations (GENETICS) |
SEP 2005 |
169 pages |
| Authors:
William D. Wells; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| Virtual battlefields devoid of vegetation deprive soldiers of valuable training in the critical aspects of terrain tactics and terrain-based situational awareness, but creating realistic landscapes by hand is notoriously expensive; requiring both proprietary tools and trained artists, hampering rapid scenario generation and limiting reuse. GENETICS is a new object placement scheme where the arduous task of placing vegetation objects is reduced to finding readily-available source data and setting a few ... |
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| Optimizing the Long-Term Capacity Expansion and Protection of Iraqi Oil Infrastructure |
SEP 2005 |
139 pages |
| Authors:
Patrick S. Brown; NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY CA
|
| This thesis introduces a tri-level defender-attacker-defender optimization model that prescribes how Iraq's oil infrastructure can, over time, be expanded, protected, and operated, even in the face of insurgent attacks. The outer-most defender model is a mixed-integer program that, given a set of anticipated insurgent attacks, specifies a quarterly capital expansion, defense, and operation plan to maximize oil exports over a decade-long planning horizon. The intermediate attacker model, observing the outer ... |
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| Tropical Climate Variability From the Last Glacial Maximum to the Present |
SEP 2005 |
|
| Authors:
Kristina A. Dahl; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE
|
| This thesis evaluates the variability of two tropical climate phenomena over the past 20,000 years. The first phenomenon is the migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (lTCZ) within the tropical Atlantic region. Using both a coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model and phytoplankton biomarkers contained within Cariaco Basin sediments, we find that the lTCZ migrates southward in response to Northern Hemisphere cooling. The second phenomenon examined is the Indian Monsoon. We ... |
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| In Situ Geophysical Surveys for Estimation of Foundation Rock Properties, Concrete Gravity Section, Folsom Dam |
AUG 2005 |
120 pages |
| Authors:
Jose L. Llopis; Michael K. Sharp; Enrique E. Matheu; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS GEOTECHNICAL AND STRUCTURES LAB
|
| This report presents a series of geophysical studies performed to determine the material characteristics of the foundation rock beneath the concrete gravity sections of Folsom Dam, California. The geophysical investigations were conducted to measure the values of compression- and shear-wave (P- and S-wave) propagation velocities as well as density of the foundation materials. The U.S. Army Engineer District, Sacramento, and the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center agreed upon ... |
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| A Study on Estimation of the Amount of Soil Erosion in Small Watershed Based on GIS: A Case Study in the Three Gorge Area of China |
25 JUL 2005 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Liu Yaolin; Luo Zhijun; WUHAN UNIV (CHINA) SCHOOL OF RESOURCE AND ENVIRONMENT
|
| Soil erosion is a serious environmental and production problem in the Three Gorge Areas (TGA) of China. The objectives of the study were to develop and validate a soil erosion-predicting model based on the revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) in a geographic information systems (GIS) environment. The use of GIS to develop conservation- oriented watershed management strategies in the Taipingxi watershed is presented. The study showed that the serious ... |
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| Bistatic GPR by Using an Optical Electric Field Sensor |
25 JUL 2005 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Seong-Jun Cho; Ryohei Tanaka; Motoyuki Sato; KOREA INST OF GEOSCIENCE AND MINERAL TAEJON
|
| In order to apply to land mine detection effectively, bistatic GPR using an optical electric field sensor as a receiver has been developed. The optical electric field sensor is very small and uses optical fiber instead of metallic coaxial cable. With the combination of these advantages and the bistatic radar system, it can be possible for an operator to measure quite flexible and safely. The sensor has been tested in ... |
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| A New Classification Method Based on Cloude-Pottier Eigenvalue/Eigenvector Decomposition |
25 JUL 2005 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Cao Fang; Hong Wen; CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES BEIJING (CHINA) NATIONAL KEY LAB OF MICROWAVE IMAGING TECHNOLOGY
|
| In this paper, a new polarimetric scattering parameter, the averaged intensity (I), is introduced to present the backscatter intensity of fully polarimetric Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data. According to the particular analysis on the properties of I, a angle, and entropy H, the mapping rule of I-a-H feature space onto the Intensity-Hue-Saturation (I-H-S) color space is proposed. The authors use the IHS transform instead of a segmentation algorithm to finish ... |
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| Estimation of a Buried Pipe Location by Borehole Radar |
25 JUL 2005 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
Kazunori Takahashi; Motoyuki Sato; TOHOKU UNIV SENDAI (JAPAN) GRADUATE SCHOOL OF ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
|
| A new parametric inversion technique to estimate a buried pipe's location was developed for borehole radar cross-hole measurements. This technique evaluates the shapes of the approximated and measured arrival time curves instead of the first arrival time itself or wavefield in conventional inversion or tomographic techniques. In this study, the authors propose an algorithm of the technique and demonstrate its performance for synthetic and measured data sets. |
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| Polarization of Electromagnetic Radiation a Resource for Predicting Soil Moisture |
25 JUL 2005 |
4 pages |
| Authors:
Sam Nwaneri; Wubishet Tadasse; ALABAMA A AND M UNIV NORMAL DEPT OF PLANT AND SOIL SCIENCE
|
| This paper discusses the prediction model of soil moisture content (SMC). The purpose is to model SMC with respect to use segregation (useg), temperature, and the intensity of local solar radiation that causes polarization of electromagnetic radiation (EMR). The objectives include using basic laws of radiation to assess how radiation intimately interacts with matter. The methodology consists of four method spaces dealing with: polarization of dielectric medium; hysteresis accounting for ... |
|
| U.S. Trade Deficit and the Impact of Rising Oil Prices |
22 JUL 2005 |
|
| Authors:
James K. Jackson; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| Petroleum prices have risen sharply since early 2004. At the same time, however, the average level of imports of energy-related petroleum products has risen slightly. The combination of sharply rising prices and a slightly elevated level of demand for imports of energy-related petroleum products translates into an escalating cost for those imports. This rising cost could add an estimated $60 to $90 billion to the Nation's trade deficit in 2005, ... |
|
| Numerical Treatment of Geophysical Interactions of Electrodynamic Tethers |
13 JUL 2005 |
|
| Authors:
|
| This Report summarizes the results achieved during three years under an AFOSR Grant for the development of numerical methods aimed at physical clarification and rational design of Electrodynamic Tethers with electron collection on the bare wire surface. The work was mainly carried out as part of one Doctoral Thesis (Tatsuo Onishi, MIT, Aug. 2002) and three MS Theses (Jean Benoit Ferry, MIT Aero/Astro, Dec. 2004; C.H. Zeineh, MIT AerolAstro, underway). ... |
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| Using Geophysics to Assess the Condition of Small Embankment Dams |
JUL 2005 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Troy R. Brosten; Jose L. Llopis; Julie R. Kelley; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS GEOTECHNICAL AND STRUCTURES LAB
|
| The U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) Geotechnical and Structures Laboratory conducted a program of technical and archival research to document current knowledge of indirect seepage detection and methods for monitoring the conditions within small embankment dams. This report documents current methods used to determine conditions within embankment dams by indirect means and provides guidance on determining which methods will most likely succeed at various sites. The report ... |
|
| Standardized UXO Technology Demosntration Site Mine Grid Scoring Record Number 647 (NAEVA Geophysics, Inc.) |
JUL 2005 |
73 pages |
| Authors:
Larry Overbay; George Robitaille; ABERDEEN TEST CENTER MD
|
| This scoring record documents the efforts of NAEVA Geophysics, Inc. to detect and discriminate inert unexploded ordnance (UXO) utilizing the APG Standardized UXO Technology Demonstration Site Mine Grid. Scoring Records have been coordinated by Larry Overbay and the Standardized UXO Technology Demonstration Site Scoring Committee. Organizations on the committee include, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, the Environmental Security Technology Certification Program, the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program, the ... |
|
| Using CT to Image Storm-Generated Stratigraphy in Sandy Sediment Off Fort Walton Beach, Florida, USA |
JUL 2005 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Kevin B. Briggs; Allen H. Reed; NAVAL RESEARCH LAB STENNIS SPACE CENTER MS SEAFLOOR SCIENCES DIRECTORATE
|
| High-resolution measurements of X-ray attenuation with NRL's HD-500 microfocus Computed Tomography (CT) imager have been accomplished on 5.9cm-diameter diver-collected cores from an acoustic experiment conducted off Fort Walton Beach, Florida. The purpose of this imagery is ultimately to quantify sediment heterogeneity for modeling acoustic scattering. Cores, mainly consisting of medium quartz sand, were scanned with X-rays at 114-micrometer intervals downcore and the images were reconstructed to create a three-dimensional image ... |
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| Disturbance Measurements From Off-Road Vehicles on Seasonal Terrain |
JUL 2005 |
95 pages |
| Authors:
Rosa T. Affleck; ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER HANOVER NH COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB
|
| Vehicle operations on cross-country terrain for military, commercial or industrial, and recreational purposes can disturb the terrain, especially during spring thaw season. Terrain disturbance from off-road vehicle operations can be measured in terms of rut depth and vegetation damage. Ruts occur when vehicle load is greater than the terrain's bearing capacity, especially in soft soils. Rutting is the physical disturbance of the soil, including compaction and deformation. Estimates of rut ... |
|
| Advances in Biomagnetic Interfacing Concepts Derived from Polymer- Magnetic Particle Complexes |
JUN 2005 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Judy S. Riffle; VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INST AND STATE UNIV BLACKSBURG DEPT OF CHEMISTRY
|
| Our research on the development and characterization of magnetic nanoparticle-polymer complexes for tile project period 6/1/03-12/31/04 has yielded approximately 10-nm diameter cobalt particles coated with graphitic or silica protective shells to prevent oxidation of the particle surfaces. The specific saturation magnerizations of the protected particles range from 50-112 emu g, which is up to about five times the response of our previous nanoparticle materials. Oxidative durability results demonstrate that both ... |
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| Geochemical Characterization of Endmember Mantle Components |
JUN 2005 |
250 pages |
| Authors:
Rhea K. Workman; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE
|
| This thesis uses trace elements and radiogenic isotope tracers to define elemental abundances in reservoirs of the Earth's mantle, including EM2 (the Enriched Mantle 2), as seen in the Samoan hotspot track, and DMM (the depleted upper mantle), which is sampled at mid-ocean ridges. Together these components comprise up to 50% of the total mantle mass. Much of the mantle's chemical heterogeneities are suspected to originate by either the removal ... |
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| Slip on Ridge Transform Faults: Insights From Earthquakes and Laboratory Experiments |
JUN 2005 |
125 pages |
| Authors:
Margaret S. Boettcher; MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE
|
| The relatively simple tectonic environment of mid-ocean ridge transform fault (RTF) seismicity provides a unique opportunity for investigation of earthquake and faulting processes. We develop a scaling model that is complete in that all the seismic parameters are related to the RTF tectonic parameters. Laboratory work on the frictional stability of olivine aggregates shows that the depth extent of oceanic faulting is thermally controlled and limited by the 600C isotherm. ... |
|
| Geomorphic Investigation of Bakers Bayou Near Lonoke, Arkansas |
MAY 2005 |
87 pages |
| Authors:
Joseph B. Dunbar; ENGINEER RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CENTER VICKSBURG MS GEOTECHNICAL AND STRUCTURES LAB
|
| This report documents a geomorphic study of a 5-km reach of Bakers Bayou, near Lonoke, AR. The purpose of the study was to determine the historic limits of the channel fill and the width of the prehistoric bayou, a former Arkansas River course. AN integrated study was conducted involving historic data, geomorphology, soil stratigraphy, geophysics, and radiometric dating methods. Results of the study indicate that the area evaluated was an ... |
|
| Synthesis of Multifunction Materials |
13 APR 2005 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Hadis Morkoc; VIRGINIA COMMONWEALTH UNIV RICHMOND SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
|
| Perovskite phase of PZT films have been formed On sapphire substrates and Pt/Ti/SiO2/Si and Ir/Ti/SiO2/Si substrates by RF sputtering and sol gel techniques. Structural, in the form of X-ray diffraction, optical in the form of absorption/transmission and spectroscopic ellipsometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and electrical measurements, in the form of polarization vs. electric field (or voltage) in capacitors have been performed. For electrical characterization, the top ... |
|
| Cost and Performance Report Enhanced Biological Attenuation of Aircraft Deicing Fluid Runoff Using Constructed Wetlands |
APR 2005 |
44 pages |
| Authors:
Robert L. Knight; Ronald Clarke; NAVAL FACILITIES ENGINEERING SERVICE CENTER PORT HUENEME CA
|
| During winter months at Department of Defense (DOD) air bases, large amounts of aircraft deicing and anti-icing fluids (ADF) (primarily propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, and various additives) are used to ensure flight safety during certain adverse weather conditions. Standard practices at both military air bases and private airports are to direct deicing effluent to large stabilization ponds, the sanitary storm sewer, vegetated swales, or directly to the environment. The objective ... |
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| Phase II Archaeological Testing of the Helmkamp Site (11MS2025) in Support of the Proposed Grassy Lake Pump Station and Associated Ditch Work, Wood River Drainage and Levee District, Madison County, Illinois |
APR 2005 |
143 pages |
| Authors:
Joe B. Thompson; David W. Benn; BEAR CREEK ARCHEOLOGY INC DECORAH IA
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| This report documents the findings of Phase II testing of 11MS2O25, the Helmkamp site, in the northern American Bottom in Madison County, Illinois. The legal location of the site, which covers approximately .6 ha (1.4 ac.), is N1/2,SE1/4,SE1/4,SW1/4 and S1/2,NE1/4,SE1/4,SW1/4 of Section 11, T4N,R9W, Madison County, Illinois. Bear Creek Archeology, Inc., Cresco, IA, conducted the testing under contract with the St. Louis Corps of Engineers. A geomorphic investigation found that ... |
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| Cost and Performance Report Multi-Site in Situ Air Sparging |
APR 2005 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
NAVAL FACILITIES ENGINEERING SERVICE CENTER PORT HUENEME CA
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| The primary performance objective of this study was to implement the Air Sparging Design Paradigm at a number of existing air sparging sites and determine whether the Design Paradigm was effective at evaluating air distribution and whether other design guidelines were valid. The goal of the project was to modify the Air Sparging Design Paradigm as necessary based on results obtained from ten field sites. Results from this study have ... |
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| Creep Behavior of an Oxide/Oxide Composite with Monazite Coating at Elevated Temperatures |
MAR 2005 |
126 pages |
| Authors:
Sean S. Musil; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
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| This study focuses on experimental investigation of stress-rupture behavior (creep response) of an oxide/oxide composite in a cross-ply (0/90) lay- up at elevated temperature. The test material, Nextel 610/monazite/alumina composite, employs monazite, an oxidation-resistant interfacial coating designed to improve performance at elevated temperatures. The experimental program included monotonic tensile tests to failure and creep-rupture tests at elevated temperatures. Tensile tests served to establish an ultimate tensile strength (UTS) for the ... |
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| Modeling Groundwater Flow and Contaminant Transport in Fractured Aquifers |
MAR 2005 |
119 pages |
| Authors:
Jason M. Bordas; AIR FORCE INST OF TECH WRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB OH SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT
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| The hybrid discrete fracture network/equivalent porous medium (DFN/ EPM) model was selected for analysis and application to simulate a contaminated site in this study. The DFN/EPM was selected because it appeared to have the potential to aid decision making by remedial project managers at contaminated DoD fractured aquifer sites. This model can use data that are typically available at a site while incorporating the important processes relevant to describing contaminant ... |
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Geology, Geochemistry and Mineralogy
