| ELF Communications System Ecological Monitoring Program |
FEB 96 |
144 pages |
| Authors:
J. E. Zapotosky; J. R. Gauger; D. P. Haradem; IIT RESEARCH INST CHICAGO IL
|
 | The U.S. Navy has completed a program that monitored biota and ecological relationships for possible effects from exposure to electromagnetic (EM) fields produced by its Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) Communications System. Physiological, developmental, and ecological variables for abundant biota in upland, wetland, and riverine habitats near the ELF System were monitored from 1982 and 1993. Research teams from several universities measured biological and ecological variables at about the same time ... |
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| Compilation of 1993 Annual Reports of the Navy ELF Communications System Ecological Monitoring Program |
APR 94 |
410 pages |
| Authors:
J. E. Zapotosky; IIT RESEARCH INST CHICAGO IL
|
| During 1993, the U.S. Navy continued to conduct a program to monitor flora, fauna, and their ecological relationships for possible effects from electromagnetic (EM) fields produced by the Navy's Extremely Low Frequently (ELF) Communications System. Physiological, developmental, behavioral, and ecological variables for dominant biota in upland and riverine habitats near the Naval Radio Transmitting Facility at Republic, Michigan (NRTF-Republic) have been monitored since 1982. The NRTF-Republic was intermittently energized at ... |
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| Compilation of 1993 Annual Reports of the Navy ELF Communications System Ecological Monitoring Program. Volume 2. Tabs C-F |
APR 94 |
|
| Authors:
J. E. Zapotosky; IIT RESEARCH INST CHICAGO IL
|
 | During 1993, the U.S. Navy continued to conduct a program to monitor flora, fauna, and their ecological relationships for possible effects from electromagnetic (EM) fields produced by the Navy's Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) Communications System. Physiological, developmental, behavioral, and ecological variables for dominant biota in upland and riverine habitats near the Naval Radio Transmitting Facility at Republic, Michigan (NRTF-Republic) have been monitored since 1982. The NRTF-Republic was intermittently energized at ... |
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| Compilation of 1993 Annual Reports of the Navy ELF Communications System Ecological Monitoring Program. Volume 3. Tabs G-I |
APR 94 |
419 pages |
| Authors:
J. E. Zapotosky; IIT RESEARCH INST CHICAGO IL
|
| During 1993, the U.S. Navy continued to conduct a program to monitor flora, fauna, and their ecological relationships for possible effects from electromagnetic (EM) fields produced by the Navy's Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) Communications system. Physiological, developmental, behavioral, and ecological variables for dominant biota in upland and riverine habitats near the Naval Radio Transmitting Facility at Republic, Michigan (NRTF-Republic) have been monitored since 1982. The NRTF-Republic was intermittently energized at ... |
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| ELF Communications System Ecological Monitoring Program: Electromagnetic Field Measurements and Engineering Support |
APR 94 |
375 pages |
| Authors:
D. P. Haradam; J. R. Gauger; J. E. Zapotosky; IIT RESEARCH INST CHICAGO IL
|
| The ELF Communications System enables the U.S. Navy to communicate with submarines worldwide at operational depth and speed. The system consists of transmitting facilities in Wisconsin and Michigan that synchronously broadcast messages. Transmitters became fully operational in Wisconsin in 1985 and in Michigan in 1989. In situ studies to monitor for possible bioelectromagnetic effects from operation of both transmitters were initiated in 1982. The studies use a split-plot or blocked ... |
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| ELF Communications System Ecological Monitoring Program: A Summary Report for 1982-1992 |
OCT 93 |
107 pages |
| Authors:
J. E. Zapotosky; J. R. Gauger; IIT RESEARCH INST CHICAGO IL
|
| The U.S. Navy has been conducting a long-term monitoring program to examine flora, fauna, and their ecological relationships for possible effects from electromagnetic fields produced by its Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) communications System. Physiological, developmental, behavioral, and ecological variables for dominant biota in upland, wetland, and riverine habitats near the ELF System have been examined since 1982. Monitoring studies use a split-plot or blocked design to examine differences in space ... |
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| Compilation of 1992 Annual Reports of the Navy ELF Communications System Ecological Monitoring Program |
AUG 93 |
428 pages |
| Authors:
J. E. Zapotosky; IIT RESEARCH INST CHICAGO IL
|
| During 1992, the U.S. Navy continued to conduct a program to monitor flora, fauna, and their ecological relationships for possible effects from electromagnetic (EM) fields produced by the Navy's Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) Communications System. Physiological, developmental, behavioral, and ecological variables for dominant biota in upland and riverine habitats near the Naval Radio Transmitting Facility at Republic, Michigan (NRTF-Republic) have been monitored since 1982. The NRTF-Republic was intermittently energized at ... |
|
| Compilation of 1992 Annual Reports of the Navy ELF Communications System Ecological Monitoring Program. Volume 2. Tabs C - F |
AUG 93 |
440 pages |
| Authors:
J. E. Zapotosky; IIT RESEARCH INST CHICAGO IL
|
| During 1992, the U.S. Navy continued to conduct a program to monitor flora, fauna, and their ecological relationships for possible effects from electromagnetic (EM) fields produced by the Navy's Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) Communications System. Physiological, developmental, behavioral, and ecological variables for dominant biota in upland and riverine habitats near the Naval Radio Transmitting Facility at Republic, Michigan (NRTF-Republic) have been monitored since 1982. The NRTF-Republic was intermittently energized at ... |
|
| Compilation of 1992 Annual Reports of the Navy ELF Communications System Ecological Monitoring Program. Volume 3. Tabs G - I |
AUG 93 |
|
| Authors:
J. E. Zapotosky; IIT RESEARCH INST CHICAGO IL
|
| During 1992, the U.S. Navy continued to conduct a program to monitor flora, fauna, and their ecological relationships for possible effects from electromagnetic (EM) fields produced by the Navy's Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) Communications System. Physiological, developmental, behavioral, and ecological variables for dominant biota in upland and riverine habitats near the Naval Radio Transmitting Facility at Republic, Michigan (NRTF-Republic) have been monitored since 1982. The NRTF-Republic was intermittently energized at ... |
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| Compilation of 1992 Annual Reports of the Navy ELF Communications System Ecological Monitoring Program. Volume 1. Tabs A, B |
AUG 93 |
425 pages |
| Authors:
J. E. Zapotosky; IIT RESEARCH INST CHICAGO IL
|
| During 1992, the U.S. Navy continued to conduct a program to monitor flora, fauna, and their ecological relationships for possible effects from electromagnetic (EM) fields produced by the Navy's Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) Communications System. Physiological, developmental, behavioral, and ecological variables for dominant biota in upland and riverine habitats near the Naval Radio Transmitting Facility at Republic, Michigan (NRTF-Republic) have been monitored since 1982. The NRTF-Republic was intermittently energized at ... |
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| ELF Communications System Ecological Monitoring Program: Electromagnetic Field Measurements and Engineering Support-1992 |
JUL 93 |
344 pages |
| Authors:
D. P. Haradem; J. R. Gauger; J. E. Zapotosky; IIT RESEARCH INST CHICAGO IL
|
| The ELF Communications System enables the U.S. Navy to communicate with submarines worldwide at operational depth and speed. The system consists of transmitting facilities in Wisconsin and Michigan that synchronously broadcast messages. Transmitters became fully operational in Wisconsin in 1985 and in Michigan in 1989. In situ studies to monitor for possible bioelectromagnetic effects from operation of both transmitters were initiated in 1982. The studies use a split-plot or blocked ... |
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| ELF Communications System Ecological Monitoring Program: Electromagnetic Field Measurements and Engineering Support-1991 |
DEC 92 |
300 pages |
| Authors:
D. P. Haradem; J. R. Gauger; J. E. Zapotosky; IIT RESEARCH INST CHICAGO IL
|
| The ELF Communications System enables the U.S. Navy to communicate with submarines worldwide at operational depth and speed. The system consists of transmitting facilities in Wisconsin and Michigan that synchronously broadcast messages. Transmitters became fully operational in Wisconsin in 1985 and in Michigan in 1989. In situ studies to monitor for possible bioelectromagnetic effects from operation of both transmitters were initiated in 1982. The studies use a split-plot or blocked ... |
|
| Compilation of 1991 Annual Report of the Navy ELF Communications System Ecological Monitoring Program. Volume 1. Tabs A-B |
AUG 92 |
413 pages |
| Authors:
J. E. Zapotosky; IIT RESEARCH INST CHICAGO IL
|
| The Navy initiated studies in 1982 for possible bioelectromagnetic effects from operation of their ELF transmitters in Michigan and Wisconsin. Since then, resident biota have been monitored for effects while transmitters were operated at both intermittent low-power and continuous full-power conditions. This tenth compilation of investigator reports documents the technical progress of biological studies that were performed near the Michigan transmitter through 1991. Near the Wisconsin transmitter, similar studies were ... |
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| Compilation of 1991 Annual Reports of the Navy ELF Communications Systems Ecological Monitoring Program |
AUG 92 |
443 pages |
| Authors:
J. E. Zapotosky; IIT RESEARCH INST CHICAGO IL
|
| The Navy initiated studies in 1982 for possible bioelectromagnetic effects from operation of their ELF transmitters in Michigan and Wisconsin. Since then, resident biota have been monitored for effects while transmitters were operated at both intermittent low-power and continuous full-power conditions. This tenth compilation of investigator reports documents the technical progress of biological studies that were performed near the Michigan transmitter through 1991. Near the Wisconsin transmitter, similar studies were ... |
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| Compilation of 1991 Annual Reports of the Navy ELF Communications System Ecological Monitoring Program. Volume 2: Tabs C-F |
AUG 92 |
424 pages |
| Authors:
J. E. Zapotosky; IIT RESEARCH INST CHICAGO IL
|
| The Navy initiated studies in 1982 for possible bioelectromagnetic effects from operation of their ELF transmitters in Michigan and Wisconsin. Since then, resident biota have been monitored for effects while transmitters were operated at both intermittent low-power and continuous full-power conditions. This tenth compilation of investigator reports documents the technical progress of biological studies that were performed near the Michigan transmitter through 1991. Near the Wisconsin transmitter, similar studies were ... |
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| Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) Communications System Ecological Monitoring Program Summary of 1990 Progress |
DEC 91 |
|
| Authors:
M. M. Abromavage; J. E. Zapotosky; IIT RESEARCH INST CHICAGO IL
|
| A long term ecological monitoring program is being conducted to monitor for possible electromagnetic effects that operation of the U.S. Navy's ELF Communications System might have to resident biota and their ecological relationships. Monitoring studies were selected through a peer reviewed, competitive bidding process in mid-1982, and work on most studies began in late summer of that year. Preliminary activities of the program consisted of site selection, characterization of critical ... |
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| Compilation of 1990 Annual Reports of the Navy ELF Communications System Ecological Monitoring Program. Volume 1. Tabs A, B |
AUG 91 |
|
| Authors:
J. E. Zapotosky; IIT RESEARCH INST CHICAGO IL
|
| The Navy initiated studies in 1982 for possible bioelectromagnetic effects from operation of their ELF transmitters in Michigan and Wisconsin. Since then, resident biota have been monitored for effects while transmitters were operated at both intermittent low-power and continuous full-power conditions. This ninth compilation of investigator reports documents the technical progress of biological studies that were performed near the Michigan transmitter through 1989-1990. Near the Wisconsin transmitter, similar studies were ... |
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| Compilation of 1990 Annual Reports of the Navy ELF Communications System Ecological Monitoring Program. Volume 2. Tabs C thru F |
AUG 91 |
|
| Authors:
J. E. Zapotosky; IIT RESEARCH INST CHICAGO IL
|
| This portion of the report includes monitoring of and data for arthropoda and earthworms; pollinating insects; and small mammals and nesting birds. During the 1990 growing season the ELF antenna was operated more frequently than in prior years. This provides 2 years of intermittent ELF exposure for the biological systems to react to the radiation, one year of very limited exposure and greater exposure in 1990. Arthropod and earthworm sampling ... |
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| Compilation of 1990 Annual Reports of the Navy ELF Communications System Ecological Monitoring Program. Volume 3. Tabs G thru I |
AUG 91 |
|
| Authors:
J. E. Zapotosky; IIT RESEARCH INST CHICAGO IL
|
| This portion of the report includes monitoring of and data for bird species and communities, aquatic ecosystem and a listing of technical reports. Effects of extremely-low-frequency electromagnetic fields on most aspects of a bird species' life history are poorly understood. This investigation was designed to isolate effects of EM fields produced by ELF antenna systems on bird species breeding in or migrating through Wisconsin and Michigan. Specifically, we seek to ... |
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| ELF Communications System Ecological Monitoring Program: Electromagnetic Field Measurements and Engineering Support-1990 |
JUL 91 |
305 pages |
| Authors:
D. P. Haradem; J. R. Gauger; J. E. Zapotosky; IIT RESEARCH INST CHICAGO IL
|
| The ELF Communications System enables the U.S. Navy to communicate with submarines worldwide at opera depth and speed. The system consists of transmitting facilities in Wisconsin and Michigan that synchronously broadcast messages. Transmitters became fully operational in Wisconsin in 1985 and in Michigan in 1989. In-situ studies to monitor for possible bioelectromagnetic effects from operation of both transmitters were initiated in 1982. The studies use a split-plot or blocked strategy ... |
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| ELF Communications System Ecological Monitoring Program: Electromagnetic Field Measurements and Engineering Support--1989 |
OCT 90 |
318 pages |
| Authors:
D. P. Haradem; J. R. Gauger; J. E. Zapotosky; IIT RESEARCH INST CHICAGO IL
|
| Ecological studies to examine for possible effects to resident biota from operation of the Navy's ELF Communications System continued in Northern Wisconsin and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan during 1989. Monitoring studies were selected through a peer-reviewed, competitive bidding process in mid-1982, and work on most studies began in late summer of that year. Preliminary activities of the Program consisted of site selection, characterization of critical study aspects, and validation ... |
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| ELF (Extremely Low Frequency) Communications System Ecological Monitoring Program: Electromagnetic Field Measurements and Engineering Support - - 1988 |
MAY 89 |
|
| Authors:
D. P. Haradem; J. R. Gauger; J. E. Zapotosky; IIT RESEARCH INST CHICAGO IL
|
| A long-term program for studying possible effects from the operation of the Navy's ELF Communications System is being conducted on biota and ecosystems components in north-western Wisconsin and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. Sixteen general types of organisms from three major ecosystems in the ELF system area are being examined. Formulation of an ELF Ecological Monitoring Program was completed in early 1982 by the Department of the Navy, and studies ... |
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| ELF (Extremely Low Frequency) Communications System Ecological Monitoring Program: Electromagnetic Field Measurements and Engineering Support-- 1986 |
SEP 87 |
|
| Authors:
D. P. Haradem; J. R. Gauger; J. E. Zapotosky; IIT RESEARCH INST CHICAGO IL
|
| A long-term program for studying possible effects from the operation of the Navy's ELF Communications System is being conducted on biota and ecosystems components in northwestern Wisconsin and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. Sixteen general types of organisms from three major ecosystems in the ELF system area are being examined. Formulation of an ELF Ecological Monitoring Program was completed in early 1982 by the Department of the Navy, and studies ... |
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| Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) Communications System Ecological Monitoring Program. Summary of 1984 Progress |
JUL 85 |
|
| Authors:
J. E. Zapotosky; IIT RESEARCH INST CHICAGO IL
|
| A long-term program is being conducted to monitor for possible effects from the operation of the U.S. Navy's ELF Communications System to resident biota and their ecological relationships. Monitoring studies were selected through a peer-reviewed, competitive bidding process in mid-1982; studies were initiated in late summer of that year. Currently, 16 general types of organisms from three major ecosystems in the ELF Communications System are being examined. During 1984, the ... |
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| ELF (Extremely Low Frequency) Communications System Ecological Monitoring Program: Measurements of ELF Electromagnetic Fields for Site Selection and Characterization-1984 |
JUN 85 |
|
| Authors:
R. M. Brosh; J. R. Gauger; J. E. Zapotosky; IIT RESEARCH INST CHICAGO IL
|
| A long-term program for studying possible effects from the operation of the Navy's ELF Communications System is being conducted on biota and ecosystems components in north-western Wisconsin and the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. Sixteen general types of organisms from three major ecosystems in the ELF system area are being examined. Formulation of an ELF Ecological Monitoring Program was completed in early 1982 by the Department of the Navy. Monitoring studies ... |
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| Extremely Low Frequency (ELF) Communications System Ecological Monitoring Program: Plan and Summary of 1982 Progress |
AUG 1983 |
|
| Authors:
J. E. Zapotosky; M. M. Abromavage; IIT RESEARCH INST CHICAGO IL
|
| The purpose of the Ecological Monitoring Program is to study ecological and/or biological characteristics of selected biota in an environment that includes natural stresses and low-level ELF electromagnetic fields. Sixteen general types of organisms from three major ecosystems in the System area are being examined. Study sites were selected in 1982, and will be examined further in 1983. Statistical methods of analysis proposed by investigators are identified, and biological and ... |
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