| The Defense Nuclear Agency Intermediate Dose Program: An Overview (Effects of Total-Body Irradiation on the Performance of Personnel in Army Combat Crews), |
APR 1984 |
5 pages |
| Authors:
R. W. Young; D. L. Auton; DEFENSE NUCLEAR AGENCY WASHINGTON DC
|
 | The objective of this research was to provide the quantitative basis for predicting performance decrement in Army crewmen irradiated with less than 4500 rads (cGy). The data were obtained using a questionnaire derived from detailed information on radiation sickness and analysis of 15 combat crew tasks. The questionnaire, which asked for quantitative information on the impact of radiation sickness symptoms on the performance of sub-tasks, was administered to experts in ... |
|
| The Toxicity of Petroleum and Shale JP5 |
SEP 1983 |
|
| Authors:
V. Bogo; R. W. Young; T. A. Hill; C. L. Feser; J. Nold; ARMED FORCES RADIOBIOLOGY RESEARCH INST BETHESDA MD
|
 | The toxicity of petroleum- and shale-derived jet propulsion fuel no. 5 (JP5) was evaluated in a series of acute average and subchronic inhalation studies with rats. In the gavage studies, the LD50/14 for rats was 26 ml/kg for Gary-Western shale, 39 ml/kg for Sohio shale and greater than 60 ml/kg for Exxon shale and petroleum JP5. Significant hepatic periportal fatty degeneration and renal eosinophilic hyaline droplets were observed for all ... |
|
| Behavioral Studies Following Ionizing Radiation Exposures: A Data Base |
AUG 1981 |
|
| Authors:
C. G. Franz; R. W. Young; W. E. Mitchell; ARMED FORCES RADIOBIOLOGY RESEARCH INST BETHESDA MD
|
| For over a decade, the Behavioral Sciences Department (BHS) of the Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute (AFRRI) has collected data concerning the effects of ionizing radiation on primate performance. These data are the basis for the current radiation combat casualty criteria used by the armed forces of this country and NATO. In order to ensure the continued accessibility of these data and to increase their usefulness in retrospective studies, the ... |
|
| Evaluation of Comparative Toxicity and Shipboard Hazards of Selected Petroleum and Oil Shale-Dervied Fuels. |
APR 1978 |
|
| Authors:
M. J. Cowan Jr.; L. J. Jenkins Jr.; L. E. Doptis; R. W. Young; NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH INST BETHESDA MD
|
|
| Effects of Chronic Inhalation of Propylene Glycol 1,2-Dinitrate on the Conditioned Avoidance behavior of Primates. |
JUN 1976 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
R. W. Young; C. R. Curran; C. G. Franz; L. J. Jenkins Jr; ARMED FORCES RADIOBIOLOGY RESEARCH INST BETHESDA MD
|
| Four primates (Macaca mulatta) were trained to stable levels of performance on a multiple avoidance schedule of reinforcement. The schedule included alternating sessions of discrete trial cued avoidance and free operant avoidance, separated by 3-minute rest periods. Two of the animals were exposed to successive atmospheric concentrations of propylene glycol 1,2-dinitrate (PGDN) vapors of 1.8, 5.6, 11.0, and 28.2 mg/cu. m. Exposure occurred on a 23-hour per day basis in ... |
|
| Neutron-Gamma Ratio and Vomiting, |
SEP 1975 |
|
| Authors:
G. R. Middleton; R. W. Young; ARMED FORCES RADIOBIOLOGY RESEARCH INST BETHESDA MD
|
| Emesis data from 41 rhesus monkeys exposed to radiation doses between 2050 and 4500 rads (neutron-gamma ratio = 3.0) were analyzed and compared with corresponding data from 129 rhesus monkeys exposed to doses between 700 and 5600 rads (neutron-gamma ratio = 0.4). There were no statistically significant differences in the time course of vomitions or in the incidence of vomiting with dose. In those animals that did vomit, the frequency ... |
|
| Postirradiation Vomiting. |
OCT 1974 |
|
| Authors:
G. R. Middleton; R. W. Young; ARMED FORCES RADIOBIOLOGY RESEARCH INST BETHESDA MD
|
| One hundred and twenty-nine male rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) exposed to prompt radiations (neutron/gamma = 0.4 and pulse width = 50 msec) ranging from 700 to 5600 rads (midhead dose) were analyzed for incidence of vomiting. The animals were fasted 18 hours preexposure and observed for incidence of vomiting for two hours postexposure. For doses less than 1000 rads, the number of animals that vomited increased directly with dose. Above ... |
|
| An Analog Recording and Computerized Analysis System for Behavioral Data. |
JUL 1973 |
|
| Authors:
J. A. Willis; L. M. Hutzenbiler; R. W. Young; ARMED FORCES RADIOBIOLOGY RESEARCH INST BETHESDA MD
|
| A system for recording and analyzing behavioral data is described. An encoder, decoder, and digital computer interface are the essential components. Information in the form of switch closures is received from behavioral control equipment, and is converted by the encoder into two coded, amplitude modulated data channels. These data channels may be recorded on any suitable audio or instrumentation magnetic tape recorder. At a later time, the magnetic tapes may ... |
|
| The Performance of Primates Following Exposure to Pulsed Whole-Body Gamma-Neutron Radiation, |
JAN 1973 |
|
| Authors:
C. R. Curran; R. W. Young; W. F. Davis; ARMED FORCES RADIOBIOLOGY RESEARCH INST BETHESDA MD
|
| Eighty-eight monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were trained to perform a shock motivated visual discrimination task and were exposed to a single supralethal dose of pulsed gamma-neutron radiation. The postirradiation performance of these animals is presented in a manner which facilitates group comparisons of performance following doses of approximately 1100, 1700, 2600, 4900, 8900 or 15,200 rads. At these dose levels, group performance declined within minutes after exposure. For some subjects, the ... |
|
| Performance of the Monkey (Macaca Mulatta) after Two 2500-Rad Pulses of Mixed Gamma-Neutron Radiation. |
NOV 1972 |
|
| Authors:
R. W. Young; W. L. McFarland; ARMED FORCES RADIOBIOLOGY RESEARCH INST BETHESDA MD
|
| Eighty-five male monkeys maintained in primate restraining chairs were trained to criterion performance on a shock avoidance visual discrimination task. The subjects were then irradiated with either a single 5000-rad pulse or two 2500-rad (mid-line tissue dose) pulses of mixed gamma-neutron radiation (neutron to gamma ratio of 0.4). The second 2500-rad dose was delivered after intervals of 20, 30, 40, 60 180, 270, or 360 minutes. Performance was monitored continuously, ... |
|
| Neutron Effectiveness for Causing Incapacitation in Monkeys. |
APR 1972 |
|
| Authors:
J. W. Thorp; R. W. Young; ARMED FORCES RADIOBIOLOGY RESEARCH INST BETHESDA MD
|
| Fifty-eight male monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were trained by shock avoidance conditioning to work a simultaneous visual discrimination problem. Trained subjects were irradiated in either a nuclear reactor-produced neutron field (incident neutron to gamma ray ratio of about 10) or a similarly produced gamma ray field (incident neutron to gamma ray ratio of about 0.1). In all exposures the midbrain dose rate was about 2000 rads/minute. The midbrain dose most likely ... |
|
| Performance of the Monkey Following Two Unequal Pulses of Radiation. |
MAY 1971 |
|
| Authors:
W. L. McFarland; R. W. Young; ARMED FORCES RADIOBIOLOGY RESEARCH INST BETHESDA MD
|
| Ten monkeys housed in primate restraining chairs were trained to criterion performance on a shock avoidance visual discrimination problem. They were then exposed to a 1700-rad pulse of mixed gamma-neutron radiation followed in 6 hours by a 3500-rad pulse. The decrement in performance during the first 20 minutes following the first 1700-rad pulse was equivalent to the decrement in this time period following the first 2500-rad pulse in a previously ... |
|
| The Effects of 2000 Rads of Pulsed Gamma-Neutron Radiation Upon the Performance of Unfettered Monkeys. |
APR 1971 |
|
| Authors:
C. R. Curran; D. W. Conrad; R. W. Young; ARMED FORCES RADIOBIOLOGY RESEARCH INST BETHESDA MD
|
| Fourteen unfettered primates (Macaca mulatta) were trained to perform a discriminated avoidance task and were exposed to a 2000-rad (midline tissue dose) pulse of gamma-neutron radiation. For the monkeys of this study, the time of onset and duration of the initial performance decrement, including early transient incapacitation, was similar to that previously observed with restrained monkeys. However, average recovery following the initial decrement was less complete for unrestrained animals. On ... |
|
| Monkey Performance After Partial Body Irradiation: Dose Relationships, |
NOV 1970 |
|
| Authors:
J. W. Thorp; R. W. Young; ARMED FORCES RADIOBIOLOGY RESEARCH INST BETHESDA MD
|
| Forty-one male and thirty female monkeys (Macaca mulatta) were trained by shock avoidance conditioning to work a simultaneous visual discrimination problem. Trained subjects received either 2500, 4500, or 10,000 rads (midline tissue doses) of pulsed mixed gamma-neutron radiation. Within each dose group some animals were head shielded, some were trunk shielded, and some were not shielded. The midline tissue dose behind the shield (at the middle of the head or ... |
|
| THE EFFECTS OF 15,000 RADS PULSED GAMMA-NEUTRON RADIATION ON THE BEHAVIORAL PERFORMANCE OF MONKEYS (MACACA MULATTA). |
JUN 1970 |
|
| Authors:
R. W. Young; W. L. McFarland; ARMED FORCES RADIOBIOLOGY RESEARCH INST BETHESDA MD
|
| Seven male monkeys trained to a visual discrimination task were exposed to a pulsed 15,000-rad midline tissue does of gamma-neutron radiation. Of these seven animals, five were unable to perform within 5 minutes postirradiation and remained in a state of total nonperformance until death. The two remaining animals experienced periods of severe performance decrement followed by a return of performance capability which approached the preirradiation value. This performance capability deteriorated ... |
|
| PERFORMANCE OF SEQUENTIAL TASKS BY UNRESTRAINED MONKEYS FOLLOWING A 4200-RAD PULSE OF MIXED GAMMA-NEUTRON RADIATION, |
SEP 1969 |
|
| Authors:
R. W. Young; D. A. Kessler; ARMED FORCES RADIOBIOLOGY RESEARCH INST BETHESDA MD
|
| The effect of 4200 rads of pulsed gamma-neutron irradiation on the performance of a sequential behavioral task by unrestrained monkeys (Macaca mulatta) was investigated. Data are presented which demonstrate a significant decrease in accuracy and an increase in latency of response. Two types of pronounced behavioral decrements were noted within the 8 hours of postirradiation testing: incapacitation (failure to respond during a 2-minute test period accompanied by observed physical debility) ... |
|
| A High Stability Silicon/Silicon-Dioxide Capacitor, |
19 FEB 62 |
|
| Authors:
O. W. Wied; R. W. Young
|
| A high stability capacitor with a silicon-dioxide thin film as the dielectric is described. Some characteristics of the silicon-dioxide thin film alone, and of a silicon/silicon-dioxide capacitor are presented. The capacitor can exhibit either a highly stable capacitance or a capacitance which is frequency and bias-variant, depending on the resistivity and conductivity type of silicon used. Studies of the silicon-dioxide film obtained by the hydrothermal oxidation of silicon have shown ... |
|
Reports by Author
