A group of 51 control and 217 proton irradiated monkeys has been under observation since 1964. This report summarizes by dose, energy, and sex the latent effects of radiation observed in this group. Irradiated animals had significantly higher mortality than controls, 62% versus 43%. In pooled data, doses and energies which shortened life were > or = 360-400 rad and > 55-MeV. Lower proton energies and doses were more effective ...