| Russian Political, Economic, and Security Issues and U.S. Interests |
29 Jan 2010 |
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| Authors:
Jim Nichol; William H Cooper; Carl Ek; Steven Woehrel; Amy F Woolf; Steven A Hildreth; Vincent Morelli; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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 | Although Russia made some uneven progress in democratization during the 1990s, this limited progress was reversed after Vladimir Putin rose to power in 1999-2000 (first as prime minister, then as president), according to most observers. During this period, the State Duma (lower legislative chamber) came to be dominated by government-approved parties, and opposition democratic parties were excluded. Putin also abolished gubernatorial elections, placed controls on the activities of non-governmental organizations ... |
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| Serbia: Current Issues and U.S. Policy |
21 Jan 2010 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| Serbia faces an important crossroads in its development. It is seeking to integrate into the European Union (EU), but its progress has been hindered by a failure to arrest remaining indicted war criminals and by tensions with the United States and many EU countries over the independence of Serbia's Kosovo province. Parliamentary elections were held in Serbia on May 11, 2008. On July 7, the Serbian parliament approved a new ... |
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| Russian Energy Policy Toward Neighboring Countries |
02-Sep-2009 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| Russian oil and natural gas industries have become key players in the global energy market, particularly in Europe and Eurasia. Another trend has been the concentration of these industries in the hands of the Russian government. This latter phenomenon has been accompanied by an authoritarian political system, in which former intelligence officers play key roles. Russian firms have tried to purchase a controlling stake in pipelines, ports, storage facilities, and ... |
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| Future of the Balkans and U.S. Policy Concerns |
13-May-2009 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| The United States, its allies, and local leaders have achieved substantial successes in the Balkans since the mid-1990s. The wars in the region have ended, and all of the countries are undertaking political and economic reforms at home and orienting their foreign policies toward Euro-Atlantic institutions. However, difficult challenges remain, including dealing with the impact of Kosovo's independence, fighting organized crime and corruption, bringing war criminals to justice, and reforming ... |
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| NATO Enlargement: Albania, Croatia, and Possible Future Candidates |
14-Apr-2009 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; Jim Nichol; Paul Belkin; Vincent Morelli; Carl Elk; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| At the April 2-4, 2008 NATO summit in Bucharest, Romania, a principal issue was consideration of the candidacies for membership of Albania, Croatia, and Macedonia. The allies agreed to extend invitations to Albania and Croatia. Although the alliance determined that Macedonia met the qualifications for NATO membership, Greece blocked the invitation due to an enduring dispute over Macedonia's name. After formal accession talks, on July 9, 2008, the foreign ministers ... |
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| Moldova: Background and U.S. Policy |
14-Apr-2009 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| Although a small country, Moldova has been of interest to U.S. policy makers due to its position between NATO and European Union (EU) member Romania and strategic Ukraine. In addition, some experts have expressed concern about alleged Russian efforts to extend its hegemony over Moldova through various methods, including a troop presence, manipulation of Moldova's relationship with its breakaway Transnistria region, and energy supplies and other trading links. Moldova's political ... |
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| Bosnia: Current Issues and U.S. Policy |
01-Apr-2009 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| In recent years, many analysts have expressed concern that the international community's efforts since 1995 to stabilize Bosnia are beginning to come apart. They noted that the downward trend has been especially evident since 2006, with the election of leaders with starkly divergent goals. Milorad Dodik, Prime Minister of the Republika Srpska (RS), one of the two semi-autonomous entities within Bosnia, has obstructed efforts to make Bosnia's central government more ... |
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| Ukraine: Current Issues and U.S. Policy |
05-Mar-2009 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| In January 2005, Viktor Yushchenko became Ukraine's new President after massive demonstrations helped to overturn the former regime's electoral fraud in what has been dubbed the Orange Revolution, after Yushchenko's campaign color. Some hoped Ukraine might finally embark on a path of comprehensive reforms and Euro-Atlantic integration after 15 years of half-measures and false starts. However, infighting within his governing coalition hampered economic reforms and led to disillusionment among Orange ... |
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| NATO Enlargement: Albania, Croatia, and Possible Future Candidates |
06-Oct-2008 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; Carl Ek; Jim Nichol; Paul Belkin; Vincent Morelli; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| At the April 2-4, 2008, NATO summit in Bucharest, Romania, a principal issue was consideration of the candidacies for membership of Albania, Croatia, and Macedonia. The allies agreed to extend invitations to Albania and Croatia. Although the alliance determined that Macedonia met the qualifications for NATO membership, Greece blocked the invitation due to an enduring dispute over Macedonia's name. After formal accession talks, on July 9, 2008, the foreign ministers ... |
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| Future of the Balkans and U.S. Policy Concerns |
22-May-2008 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| The United States, its allies, and local leaders have achieved substantial successes in the Balkans since the mid-1990's. The wars in the region have ended, and all of the countries are undertaking political and economic reforms at home and orienting their foreign policies toward Euro-Atlantic institutions. However, difficult challenges remain, including dealing with the impact of Kosovo's independence; fighting organized crime, corruption, and enforcing the rule of law; bringing war ... |
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| Serbia: Current Issues and U.S. Policy |
14 MAY 2008 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| Serbia faces an important crossroads in its development. It is seeking to integrate into the European Union (EU), but its progress has been hindered by a failure to arrest four remaining indicted war criminals and by tensions with the United States and the EU over the independence of Serbia's Kosovo province. The United States recognized Kosovo's independence on February 18, 2008. Britain, France, Germany, Italy and most other EU countries ... |
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| Latvia: Current Issues and U.S. Policy |
08 MAY 2008 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| After restoration of its independence in 1991 following decades of Soviet rule, Latvia made rapid strides toward establishing a democratic political system and a dynamic, free market economy. It achieved two key foreign policy goals when it joined NATO and the European Union in 2004. However, relations with Russia remain strained over such issues as the country's Russian-speaking minority and energy relations. Latvia and the United States have excellent relations. ... |
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| Kosovo and U.S. Policy: Background and Current Issues |
02 MAY 2008 |
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| Authors:
Julie Kim; Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| Close to nine years after NATO intervened militarily in the southern Serbian province of Kosovo, Kosovo declared itself an independent and sovereign state on February 17, 2008. The event marked a new stage in, but not the end of, international concern and engagement in the western Balkan region. Serbia strenuously objects to and does not recognize Kosovo's independence. Kosovo represented the last major unfinished business from the wars of Yugoslav ... |
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| Russian Energy Policy Toward Neighboring Countries |
27 MAR 2008 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| Russian oil and natural gas industries are increasingly important players in the global energy market, particularly in Europe and Eurasia. Another trend has been the increasing concentration of these industries in the hands of the Russian government. This latter phenomenon has been accompanied by an increasingly authoritarian political system, in which former intelligence officers play key roles. Russian firms have tried to purchase a controlling stake in pipelines, ports, storage ... |
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| Enlargement Issues at NATO's Bucharest Summit |
12 MAR 2008 |
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| Authors:
Paul Gallis; Paul Belkin; Carl Ek; Julie Kim; Jim Nichol; Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| NATO will hold a summit in Bucharest on April 2-4, 2008, and a principal issue will be the consideration of the candidacies for membership of Albania, Croatia, and the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM, or the Republic of Macedonia). These candidate states are small, with correspondingly small militaries, and their inclusion in the alliance cannot be considered strategic in a military sense. However, it is possible that they could ... |
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| Serbia: Current Issues and U.S. Policy |
26 FEB 2008 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| Serbia faces an important crossroads in its development. It is seeking to integrate into the European Union (EU), but its progress has been hindered by a failure to arrest four remaining indicted war criminals. Serbia has sought closer ties to NATO, but the government is divided on whether to seek eventual NATO membership. The United States recognized the independence of Serbia's Kosovo province on February 18, 2008. Britain, France, Germany, ... |
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| Serbia: Current Issues and U.S. Policy |
07 FEB 2008 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| Serbia faces an important crossroads in its development. It is seeking to integrate into the European Union, but its progress has been hindered by a failure to arrest four remaining indicted war criminals. Serbia has sought closer ties to NATO, but the government is divided on whether to seek eventual NATO membership. The United States and most EU countries are expected to recognize the independence of Serbia's Kosovo province in ... |
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| Russian Energy Policy Toward Neighboring Countries |
17 JAN 2008 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| Russian oil and natural gas industries are increasingly important players in the global energy market, particularly in Europe and Eurasia. Another trend has been the increasing concentration of these industries in the hands of the Russian government. This latter phenomenon has been accompanied by an increasingly authoritarian political system, in which former intelligence officers play key roles. Russian firms have tried to purchase a controlling stake in pipelines, ports, storage ... |
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| Future of the Balkans and U.S. Policy Concerns |
10 JAN 2008 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| The United States, its allies, and local leaders have achieved substantial successes in the Balkans since the mid-1990s. The wars in the region have ended, and all of the countries are undertaking political and economic reforms at home and orienting their foreign policies toward Euro-Atlantic institutions. However, difficult challenges remain, including resolving the status of Serbia s Kosovo province; breaking up the power of political-criminal groups; enforcing the rule of ... |
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| Conditions on U.S. Aid to Serbia |
07-Jan-2008 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| Since FY2001, Congress has conditioned U.S. aid to Serbia on a presidential certification that Serbia has met certain conditions, including cooperation with the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY). The second session of the 110th Congress may consider similar certification provisions in the FY2009 foreign aid legislation. Supporters of aid conditionality say such provisions may have spurred Serbia's cooperation with the Tribunal. Serbian cooperation with the ICTY may ... |
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| Kosovo's Future Status and U.S. Policy |
28 DEC 2007 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| This report discusses the issue of Kosovo's future status; that is, whether it should become an independent country or continue to be part of Serbia, but with a large degree of autonomy. The future status of Kosovo is the most sensitive and potentially destabilizing political question in the Balkans. The United States and its main European allies are expected to recognize Kosovo's independence in early 2008, over the heated objections ... |
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| Russian Energy Policy Toward Neighboring Countries |
27 NOV 2007 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| Russian oil and natural gas industries are increasingly important players in the global energy market, particularly in Europe and Eurasia. Another trend has been the increasing concentration of these industries in the hands of the Russian government. This latter phenomenon has been accompanied by an increasingly authoritarian political system under the control of President Vladimir Putin, in which former intelligence officers play key roles. Russian firms have tried to purchase ... |
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| Kosovo and U.S. Policy: Background and Current Issues |
24 OCT 2007 |
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| Authors:
Julie Kim; Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| Kosovo represents the last major unfinished business from the wars of Yugoslav succession in the 1990s. In 1998 and 1999, the United States and its NATO allies attempted to put an end to escalating violence between ethnic Albanian guerrillas and Yugoslav/Serb forces in Yugoslavia's Kosovo province in southern Serbia. These efforts culminated in a 78-day NATO bombing campaign (Operation Allied Force) against Serbia from March until June 1999, when then-Yugoslav ... |
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| Ukraine: Current Issues and U.S. Policy |
10 OCT 2007 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| In Jan. 2005, Viktor Yushchenko became Ukraine's President, after massive demonstrations to overturn the former regime's electoral fraud, in what has been dubbed the "Orange Revolution". The Orange Revolution sparked interest in Congress. Some hoped Ukraine might embark on comprehensive reforms and Euro-Atlantic integration. However, infighting hampered economic reforms and led to disillusionment among supporters. In March 2006, Ukraine held parliamentary elections. The largest vote-getter was the Party of Regions, ... |
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| Kosovo's Future Status and U.S. Policy |
12 JUL 2007 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| This report discusses the issue of Kosovo s future status; that is, whether it should become an independent country or continue to be part of Serbia, but with a large degree of autonomy. The future status of Kosovo is the most sensitive and potentially destabilizing political question in the Balkans. The United States and its main European allies favor independence for Kosovo. They have been working on the draft of ... |
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| Spain: Current Issues and U.S. Policy |
01 MAR 2007 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| In the more than three decades since the death of Spanish dictator General Francisco Franco, Spain has become a mature democracy and has experienced rapid economic growth. It has also become an increasingly important player internationally, including in NATO and the European Union. The United States and Spain have generally enjoyed good relations. However, problems have arisen in recent years over such issues as the war in Iraq, promoting democracy ... |
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| Serbia: Current Issues and U.S. Policy |
08 FEB 2007 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| Serbia faces an important crossroads in its development. It is seeking to integrate into Euro-Atlantic institutions but its progress has slowed due to a failure to arrest remaining indicted war criminals. The international community may grant Serbia's Kosovo province a form of supervised independence this year. Serbian leaders are likely to strongly reject such an outcome, possibly leading to severe damage to the country's relations with the United States and ... |
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| Kosovo and U.S. Policy |
07 AUG 2006 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; Julie Kim; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| In 1998 and 1999, the United States and its NATO allies attempted to put an end to escalating violence between ethnic Albanian guerrillas and Yugoslav/Serb forces in Yugoslavia's Kosovo province. These efforts culminated in a 78-day NATO bombing campaign (Operation Allied Force) against Serbia from March until June 1999, when then-Yugoslav leader Slobodan Milosevic agreed to withdraw his forces from the province. Since then, Kosovo has been governed by a ... |
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| European Approaches to Homeland Security and Counterterrorism |
24 JUL 2006 |
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| Authors:
Kristin Archick; Carl Ek; Paul Gallis; Francis T. Miko; Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| The September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States and the subsequent attacks on European countries such as the United Kingdom and Spain have prompted both sides of the Atlantic to reinvigorate their respective efforts to ensure homeland security and combat terrorism. However, U.S. and European approaches to these issues differ. While the United States has embarked on a wholesale reorganization of its domestic security and border protection institutions, ... |
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| Kosovo's Future Status and U.S. Policy |
17 JUL 2006 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| The future status of Kosovo is the most sensitive and potentially destabilizing political question in the Balkans. The Administration views getting Kosovo right as key to integrating the Balkans into Euro-Atlantic institutions. This report discusses the issue of Kosovo s future status; that is, whether it should become an independent country or continue to be part of Serbia, but with a large degree of autonomy. Talks on Kosovo s status ... |
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| Future of the Balkans and U.S. Policy Concerns |
18-Jan-2006 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| The United States, its allies, and local leaders have achieved substantial successes in the Balkans since the mid-1990s. The wars in the region have ended, and all of the countries are undertaking political and economic reforms at home and orienting their foreign policies toward Euro-Atlantic institutions. However, difficult challenges remain, including resolving issues of political status, especially the status of Kosovo; breaking up the power of political-criminal groups; enforcing the ... |
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| Serbia and Montenegro: Current Situation and U.S. Policy |
11 JAN 2006 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| Serbian strongman Slobodan Milosevic's long reign came to an end in October 2000, when he was deposed from power by a popular revolt after he refused to concede defeat in an election for the post of President of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY) won by his opponent, Vojislav Kostunica. Although it achieved some successes, the new democratic government was beset with internal conflicts almost from its beginning, including over ... |
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| Kosovo and U.S. Policy |
09 JAN 2006 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; Julie Kim; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| In 1998 and 1999, the United States and its NATO allies attempted to put an end to escalating violence between ethnic Albanian guerrillas and Yugoslav/Serb forces in Yugoslavia's Kosovo province. These efforts culminated in a 78-day NATO bombing campaign (Operation Allied Force) against Serbia from March until June 1999, when then-Yugoslav leader Slobodan Milosevic agreed to withdraw his forces from the province. Since then, Kosovo has been governed by a ... |
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| Kosovo's Future Status and U.S. Policy |
09-Jan-2006 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| The future status of Kosovo is perhaps the most sensitive and potentially destabilizing political question in the Balkans. The Administration views "getting Kosovo right" as key to integrating the Balkans into Euro-Atlantic institutions. This report discusses the issue of Kosovo's future status; that is, whether it should become an independent country, or have some form of autonomy within Serbia. Talks on Kosovo's status could begin in January 2006, and are ... |
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| Islamist Extremism in Europe |
29 JUL 2005 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Kristin Archick; John Rollins; Steven Woehrel; FEDERATION OF AMERICAN SCIENTISTS WASHINGTON DC
|
 | Although the vast majority of Muslims in Europe are not involved in radical activities, Islamist extremists and vocal fringe communities that advocate terrorism exist and reportedly have provided cover for terrorist cells. Germany and Spain were identified as key logistical and planning bases for the September 11, 2001 attacks on the United States. The March 2004 terrorist bombings in Madrid have been attributed to an Al Qaeda-inspired group of North ... |
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| Moldova: Background and U.S. Policy |
27 JUL 2005 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| Although a small country, Moldova has been of interest to U.S. policy makers due to its position between NATO member Romania and strategic Ukraine. In addition, some experts have expressed concern about alleged Russian efforts to extend its hegemony over Moldova through various methods, including a troop presence, manipulation of Moldova's relationship with its breakaway Transnistria region, and energy supplies. Moldova's political and economic weakness has made it a source ... |
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| Islamic Terrorism and the Balkans |
26 JUL 2005 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; FEDERATION OF AMERICAN SCIENTISTS WASHINGTON DC
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| In the 1990s, wars and political instability provided an opportunity for Al Qaeda and other terrorist groups to infiltrate the Balkans. However, U.S. and European peacekeeping troops, aid, and the prospect of Euro-Atlantic integration have helped to bring more stability to the region in recent years. Moreover, the September 11, 2001 attacks on the United States underscored for the countries of the region the dangers of global terrorism, and resulted ... |
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| Kosovo's Future Status and U.S. Policy |
19 JUL 2005 |
|
| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| The future status of Kosovo is perhaps the most sensitive and potentially destabilizing political question in the Balkans. The Administration views "getting Kosovo right" as key to integrating the Balkans into Euro-Atlantic institutions. This report discusses the issue of Kosovo's future status; that is, whether it should become an independent country, or have some form of autonomy within Serbia. Talks on Kosovo's status could start in the fall of 2005, ... |
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| Ukraine's Orange Revolution and U.S. Policy |
01 APR 2005 |
|
| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| In January 2005, Viktor Yushchenko became Ukraine's new President, after massive demonstrations helped to overturn the former regime's electoral fraud, in what has been dubbed the "Orange Revolution," after Yushchenko's campaign color. The "Orange Revolution" has sparked a great deal of interest in Congress and elsewhere. Some hope that Ukraine may finally embark on a path of comprehensive reforms and Euro-Atlantic integration after nearly 15 years of half-measures and false ... |
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| Ukraine's Political Crisis and U.S. Policy Issues |
01 FEB 2005 |
|
| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| In 2004, many observers believed that Ukraine was at a key period in its transition that could shape its geopolitical orientation for years to come, in part due to presidential elections held on October 31, November 21, and December 26, 2004 In their view, Ukraine could move closer to integration in Euro-Atlantic institutions, real democracy and the rule of law, and a genuine free market economy, or it could move ... |
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| Moldova: Background and U.S. Policy |
17-Dec-2004 |
|
| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| Although a relatively small country, Moldova has been of interest to U.S. policy makers due to its position between NATO member Romania and strategic Ukraine. In addition, some experts have expressed concern about alleged Russian efforts to extend its hegemony over Moldova through various methods, including a troop presence, manipulation of Moldova's relationship with its breakaway Transnistria region, and energy supplies. Moldova's political and economic weakness has made it a ... |
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| NATO Enlargement and Russia |
14 APR 1998 |
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| Authors:
Steven Woehrel; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
|
| In March 1998, the Senate began consideration of a resolution giving the Senate's advice and consent to protocols to the North Atlantic Treaty admitting Poland, Hungary, and the Czech Republic to NATO. The Senate is expected to resume consideration of the resolution in April 1998. A prominent issue in the Congressional debate has been the impact of enlargement on relations with Russia. In an effort to assuage Russian concerns over ... |
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Reports by Author
