| The Performance of Small Support Spatial and Temporal Filters for Dim Point Target Detection in IR Image Sequences |
FEB 2002 |
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| Authors:
R. C. Warren; DEFENCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANISATION VICTORIA (AUSTRALIA) AERONAUTICAL AND MARITIME RESEARCH LAB
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 | The effectiveness of small support spatial filters based on mean, median and morphological opening for the detection of scintillating ultra-dim stationary point targets in IR image sequences has been investigated. The effectiveness of two temporal filters was also studied. The filters were applied to two IR image sequences; an aircraft approaching in an uncluttered background, and an aircraft receding in a bright cloudy background. The spatial filters were effective in ... |
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| A Phenomenological Model of Scintillation of Infrared Radiation from Point Targets over Water and Measurements of the Model Parameters |
JAN 2002 |
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| Authors:
R. C. Warren; DEFENCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANISATION VICTORIA (AUSTRALIA) AERONAUTICAL AND MARITIME RESEARCH LAB
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| As part of a study of the long range detection of antiship missiles (ASMs) by infrared search and track (IRSI) systems using staring sensors, measurements of scintillation of an infrared source have been made. Scintillation of IR radiation from ASMs is one of a few features which may enhance ASM detectability by IRST systems. The measurements were made in the 3-5 micron band at ranges of 17 km and 19.9 ... |
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| Design of Thermocouple Probes for Measurement of Rocket Exhaust Plume Temperatures |
JUN 94 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
R. C. Warren; DEFENCE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ORGANIZATION MELBOURNE (AUSTRALIA)
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 | This paper summarises a literature survey on high temperature measurement and describes the design of probes used in plume measurements. There were no cases reported of measurements in extreme environments such as exist in solid rocket exhausts, but there were a number of thermocouple designs which had been used under less extreme conditions and which could be further developed. Tungsten-rhenium(W-Rh) thermocouples had the combined properties of strength at high temperatures, ... |
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| Dynamic Mechanical and Fracture Properties of Some Double and Triple Base Gun Propellants |
MAR 94 |
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| Authors:
R. C. Warren; MATERIALS RESEARCH LABS ASCOT VALE (AUSTRALIA)
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| Dynamic mechanical tests and two types of fracture test were carried out on gun propellants of a range of compositions and made by different processes. Double base propellants, and triple base propellants containing 15%, 30% and 48% picrite, were made by the full solvent process, and one triple base propellant containing 48% picrite was made by the semi-solvent process. Dynamic mechanical and impact fracture tests were carried out on machined ... |
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| Some Problems in the Rheological Characterisation of Composite Rocket Propellants |
JUN 93 |
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| Authors:
R. C. Warren; MATERIALS RESEARCH LABS ASCOT VALE (AUSTRALIA)
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| Apparent viscosities of a composite propellant analogue were measured with both rotary and extrusion instruments. A Haake Viscometer in the Couette configuration was used with 2 gap widths and also with a profiled cup and rotor. An extrusion rheometer was fitted with a slit die and measurements were made at 2 slit thicknesses. The flow was found to be time dependent, and there was apparent slip at the wall. It ... |
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| A Model of 2 Dimensional Flow in a Twin Screw Mix-Extruder Kneading Disc Using a Full 2 Dimensional Solution of the Flow Equations |
MAY 93 |
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| Authors:
R. C. Warren; MATERIALS RESEARCH LABS ASCOT VALE (AUSTRALIA)
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| A method of modelling 2 dimensional flow in a kneading disc of a screw mix-extruder(SME) has been developed which involves solving the differential equations for flow directly, without the approximation used previously which effectively reduced the flow to 1 dimension. The pressure and velocity distributions obtained appear to be realistic, and agree reasonably well with results obtained previously. The model should be able to be readily expanded to 3 dimensions. ... |
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| Basic Rheology and Its Application to Nitrocellulose Propellant Processing by Screw Mix-Extruders |
SEP 90 |
56 pages |
| Authors:
R. C. Warren; WEAPONS SYSTEMS RESEARCH LAB ADELAIDE (AUSTRALIA)
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| This document is intended to provide an introductory review of the rheology of propellant doughs and the propellant mixing process. The fundamental rheological quantities describing the flow of propellant doughs in mixing and extrusion are described, and the molecular factors affecting flow are discussed. Batch mixing is analysed in terms of the fundamental parameters which have been introduced, and a method of analysing screw mix-extrusion in a similar way is ... |
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| A Method of Modelling the Flow of a Propellant Dough in a Single Kneading Disc of a Twin Screw Mix-Extruder |
APR 90 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
R. C. Warren; WEAPONS SYSTEMS RESEARCH LAB ADELAIDE (AUSTRALIA)
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| A simplified method of modelling 2 dimensional flow of propellant doughs in a kneading disc of a twin screw mix-extruder (SME) has been developed. The 2-dimensional model is a first step in the development of a full 3 dimensional model of flow in screws and kneading blocks in SMEs. The model is based on the FAN method of Tadmor as modified by Szydlowski et al, and it aims to use ... |
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| The Effect of Processing Variables on the 'Internal Slip Flow' of a Triple Base Gun Propellant Dough |
OCT 88 |
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| Authors:
R. C. Warren; A. T. Starks; WEAPONS SYSTEMS RESEARCH LAB ADELAIDE (AUSTRALIA)
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| The rheological behaviour of triple base gun propellant doughs of N and NQ types was measured with an extrusion rheometer at temperatures of 20C, 30C and 45C, using slit and capillary dies. The propellant doughs were made from two grades of nitrocellulose, and from picrite obtained from two sources. Acetone/water mixtures and acetone/ethanol mixtures were used as processing solvents. Most of the processing variables had little effect on flow behaviour. ... |
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| Multiple Flow Regimes in the Extrusion of Nitrocellulose Based Propellant Doughs |
OCT 88 |
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| Authors:
R. C. Warren; A. T. Starks; WEAPONS SYSTEMS RESEARCH LAB ADELAIDE (AUSTRALIA)
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| Flow curves of triple, double, and single base propellant doughs were determined with an extrusion rheometer. In most cases the curves displayed an inflection which was associated with a critical stress in the dough. The critical stress caused the flow to separate into a high stress layer near the boundary of the flow, and a low stress region in the centre of the flow. The critical stress was also associated ... |
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| Calculation of Velocity Profiles and Viscous Heating Effects in Propellant Extrusion Dies |
JUN 1982 |
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| Authors:
R. C. Warren; WEAPONS SYSTEMS RESEARCH LAB ADELAIDE (AUSTRALIA)
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| The flow of a propellant dough in capillary and annular dies has been analysed with a finite difference computer program. Velocity profiles have been calculated and the effects of viscous heating at the high extrusion rates used in propellant processing have been investigated. Viscous heating was found to have a dramatic effect, causing considerable rearrangement of velocities in the die. It is suggested that viscous heating reduces extrusion pressures and ... |
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