| Biodegradation of the Hexahydro-1,3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5-Triazine Ring Cleavage Product 4-Nitro-2,4-Diazabutanal by Phanerochaete chrysosporium |
FEB 2004 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Diane Fournier; Annamaria Halasz; Jim Spain; Ronald J. Spanggord; Jeffrey C. Bottaro; OREGON STATE UNIV CORVALLIS SCHOOL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE
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 | Initial denitration of hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) by Rhodococcus sp. strain DN22 produces CO2 and the dead-end product 4-nitro-2, 4-diazabutanal (NDAB), OHCNHCH2NHNO2, in high yield. Here we describe experiments to determine the biodegradability of NDAB in liquid culture and soils containing Phanerochaete chrysosporium. ... The detection of NDAB in contaminated soil and its effective mineralization by the fungus P. chrysosporium may constitute the basis for the development of bioremediation technologies. |
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| Investigation of the Kinetics and Products Resulting from the Reaction of Peroxone with Aminodinitrotoluenes |
FEB 97 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Ronald J. Spanggord; David Yao; Theodore Mill; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER NH
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| The reaction between peroxone and two isomers of aminodinitrotoluene (ADNT) was studied with respect to kinetics of reaction and the products formed. The ADNTs react rapidly with ozone and hydroxyl radical, the principal components of peroxone. At fairly high ADNT concentrations (ppm), the reaction of ADNT is primarily with ozone. At lower ADNT concentrations (ppb), hydroxyl radical competes with ozone in pure water systems. Reactions of both the 2- and ... |
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| Critical Experiments to Determine Feasibility of Organic Contaminant Biodegradation in Cationic Surfactant Treated Media |
SEP 96 |
35 pages |
| Authors:
Ronald J. Spanggord; G. R. Gordon; Kristien E. Mortelmans; SRI INTERNATIONAL MENLO PARK CA
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| A soil column with 20 sampling ports was designed to assess the binding and potential microbial degradation of naphthalene in Columbus Air Force Base aquifer soil treated with the surfactant, hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HDTMA). HDTMA was found to be toxic to most aerobic soil microorganisms when applied to the soil. However, when the HDTMA was bound to soil, the toxicity decreased and the microbial populations readily recovered to normal levels. Naphthalene ... |
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| Environmental Fate of Nitroguanidine, Diethyleneglycol Dinitrate, and Hexachloroethane Smoke |
30 SEP 87 |
68 pages |
| Authors:
Ronald J. Spanggord; Tsong-Wen Chou; Theodore Mill; Werner Haag; Wyman Lau; SRI INTERNATIONAL MENLO PARK CA
|
| The U.S. Army is responsible for the production of explosives used in conventional military weapons and chemicals used in screening devices to conceal equipment and personnel during military operations. Part of the Army's database to assess the health and environmental impact of such chemicals concerns how long such chemicals persist in the environment and the mechanisms by which their loss and movement is controlled once they are discharged from a ... |
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| Environmental Fate of Nitroguanidine, Diethyleneglycol Dinitrate, and Hexachloroethane Smoke. Phase 1 |
DEC 85 |
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| Authors:
Ronald J. Spanggord; Tsong-Wen Chou; Theodore Mill; R. T. Podoll; James C. Harper; SRI INTERNATIONAL MENLO PARK CA
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 | This study was conducted to identify dominant loss and movement processes for nitroguanidine (NG), diethyleneglycol dinitrate (DEGDN), and hexachloroethane smoke products in air, soil, and water environments. The loss of NG in the aqueous environment will be dominated by photolysis, with half- lives ranging from 1.6 days in the summer to 3.9 days in the winter. Biotransformation occurred under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions, with half-lives of 4 and 6 ... |
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| Development of a Theoretical Model to Assess the Hepatocarcinogenic Potential of Chemicals Using Structure-Activity Relationships and the Rat Hepatocyte Assay |
NOV 85 |
50 pages |
| Authors:
Ronald J. Spanggord; Charles A. Tyson; Charles L. Myers; Carol E. Green; Susanna E. LeValley; SRI INTERNATIONAL MENLO PARK CA
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| The six isomeric dinitrotoluenes (DNT), of which one is known to be a heatocarcinogen (2,6-DNT), were evaluated for cytotoxic effects (inhibition of protein synthesis, lipid peroxidation, and intracellular enzyme release) in rat hepatocyte assay. Cytotoxic effects, as measured by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, were correlated with the C-atomic charge of car-bon atoms bearing nitro groups for each NT isomer. Isomers with nitro groups oriented ortho or para to each other ... |
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| Toxicity of TNT Wastewaters to Aquatic Organisms. Volume 3. Chronic Toxicity of LAP Wastewater and 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene |
MAY 85 |
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| Authors:
Howard C. Bailey; Ronald J. Spanggord; Harold S. Javitz; David H. W. Liu; SRI INTERNATIONAL MENLO PARK CA
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| Early life stage tests were performed with LAP water (a 1.6:1 mixture of TNT and RDX) and TNT using rainbow trout, fathead minnows, and channel catfish as test organisms. Chronic toxicity studies were performed with TNT and LAP water using fathead minnows and Daphnia magna as test organisms. A chronic study was also performed with irradiated LAP water using Daphnia magna. Based on the data from these studies as well ... |
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| Environmental Fate of White Phosphorus/Felt and Red Phosphorus/Butyl Rubber Military Screening Smokes |
APR 85 |
189 pages |
| Authors:
Ronald J. Spanggord; Robert Rewick; Tsong-Wen Chou; Robert Wilson; R. T. Podoll; SRI INTERNATIONAL MENLO PARK CA
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| Investigations were conducted to identify those processes that control the loss and movement of White phosphorus/felt, Red phosphorus/butyl rubber, and their combustion products in air, soil, and aquatic environments. The fate of RP/BR will be controlled by oxidative transformation. In air, half- lives of 1.8 years were found while in aerated water, the half-life approach 3 years and was found to be dependent on both particle size and oxygen concentration. ... |
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| Chronic Mammalian Toxicological Effects of LAP Wastewater |
JUN 83 |
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| Authors:
Janice M. Brown; Ronald J. Spanggord; Ted A. Jorgenson; SRI INTERNATIONAL MENLO PARK CA
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| The objective of these studies was to provide a comprehensive definition of the long-term toxicological effects of LAP wastewater (TNT/RDX in a ratio of 1.6 to 1) on Fischer-344 rats with respect to possible lesions at the biochemical and cellular levels. Males receiving 200 mg/kg/day of LAP exhibited convulsions and death, the high-dose level was reduced to 100 mg/kg/day for both sexes after 12 weeks on test. Males at the ... |
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| Toxicity of TNT Wastewaters to Aquatic Organisms. Volume 1. Acute Toxicity of LAP Wastewater and 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene |
MAR 1983 |
85 pages |
| Authors:
David H. Liu; Ronald J. Spanggord; Howard C. Bailey; Harold S. Javitz; David C. Jones; SRI INTERNATIONAL MENLO PARK CA
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| The acute toxicity to aquatic organisms of Composition B (COMP B) type LAP wastewater was determined. The tests were performed primarily on a 1.6- to 1 mixture of TNT and RDX, which are the major organic components of the wastewater and which are normally present in a 1.6:1 ratio in untreated wastewater. Acute toxicity tests were also performed on TNT and RDX, and on 2,4, 6-trinitrobenzaldehyde, 2,4,6-trinitrobenzonitrile, 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene, and 4,6-dinitroanthranil, ... |
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| Environmental Fate Studies on Certain Munition Wastewater Constituents. Part I. Model Validation |
SEP 1981 |
79 pages |
| Authors:
Ronald J. Spanggord; William R. Mabey; Theodore Mill; Tsong-Wen Chou; James H. Smith; SRI INTERNATIONAL MENLO PARK CA
|
| The objective of this report was to validate the SRI Computer Model for estimating the persistence of TNT and RDX (emanating from the Holston Army Ammunition Plant (HAAP) wastestreams) in the Holston River. A two-dimensional compartmentalized river system was developed that describes the dilution of wastestreams entering the Holston River from which the concentrations of RDX and TNT can be estimated. Rate and equilibrium constants for the environmental transport and ... |
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| Environmental Fate Studies on Certain Munition Wastewater Constituents. Phase 3, Part 1. Appendix 1 |
SEP 1981 |
99 pages |
| Authors:
Ronald J. Spanggord; William R. Mabey; Theodore Mill; Tsong-Wen Chou; James H. Smith; SRI INTERNATIONAL MENLO PARK CA
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| This report contains the high-pressure liquid chromatographic profiles of Holston River water extracts that were used to validate the SRI computer Model which simulated the loss and movement of munition chemicals in the Holston River. (Author) |
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| Environmental Fate Studies on Certain Munition Wastewater Constituents. Phase 3, Part 2. Laboratory Studies |
SEP 1981 |
60 pages |
| Authors:
Ronald J. Spanggord; William R. Mabey; Theodore Mill; Tsong-Wen Chou; James H. Smith; SRI INTERNATIONAL MENLO PARK CA
|
| Pseudo-first order and second order biotransformation rate constants were determined for isomeric DNTs and TNTs using natural water microorganism populations. Henry's Law Contants were estimated for 2,4-DNT, TNT, RDX and HMX to predict volatilization rates for these chemicals. The indirect photolysis of TNT was investigated in natural waters to elucidate photolysis mechanisms. Complexation of TNT with natural organics appears to enhance the photochemical lability of TNT in the environment. (Author) ... |
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| Chronic Mammalian Toxicological Effects of LAP (Load, Assemble, and Pack) |
SEP 80 |
|
| Authors:
Ted A. Jorgenson; Ronald J. Spanggord; SRI INTERNATIONAL MENLO PARK CA
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| Confirmatory LD50 and 14-day range-finding studies on load, assemble, and pack (LAP) were conducted using the Fischer 344 strain rat in place of the Sprague-Dawley strain rat used in earlier studies. From the results of these studies, dose levels for the chronic phase of the program were established. The overall objective of the chronic phase is to provide a comprehensive definition of the long-term toxicological reactions with respect to possible ... |
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| Studies of Environmental Fates of DIMP and DCPD |
05 NOV 78 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Ronald J. Spanggord; Tsong-Wen Chou; William R. Mabey; SRI INTERNATIONAL MENLO PARK CA
|
| The objectives of this research are to conduct laboratory experiments that will predict the Photochemical and Biological Transformations of DCPD and DIMP in the soils and waters of Rocky Mountain Arsenal and will provide a semiquantitative evaluation of decomposition rates of and products resulting from DCPD and DIMP. During October, analytical methods were developed to determine concurrently methylphonate (MP) and isopropylmethylphosphonate (IMP) in the presence of DIMP. The photochemistry og ... |
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| Studies of Environmental Fates of DIMP and DCPD |
05 OCT 78 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Ronald J. Spanggord; Tsong-Wen Chou; William R. Mabey; SRI INTERNATIONAL MENLO PARK CA
|
| THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS RESEARCH ARE TO CONDUCT LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS THAT WILL PREDICT THE PHOTOCHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATIONS OF DCPD AND DIMP IN THE SOILS AND WATERS OF ROCKY MOUNTAIN ARSENAL AND WILL PROVIDE A SEMIQUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF DECOMPOSITION RATES OF AND PRODUCTS RESULTING FROM DCPD AND DIMP. DURING SEPTEMBER, 14 C-LABELED DCPD AND DIMP WERE RECEIVED, OXIDATION PRODUCTS OF DCPD WERE INVESTIGATED, THE MOLAR ABSORPTIVITIES OF DCPD AND DIMP ... |
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| Studies of Environmental Fates of DIMP and DCPD |
05 SEP 78 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Ronald J. Spanggord; Tsong-Wen Chou; William R. Mabey; SRI INTERNATIONAL MENLO PARK CA
|
| THE OBJECTIVES OF THIS RESEARCH ARE TO CONDUCT LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS THAT WILL PREDICT THE PHOTOCHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATIONS OF DCPD AND DIMP IN THE SOILS AND WATERS OF ROCKY MOUNTAIN ARSENAL AND WILL PROVIDE A SEMIQUANTITATIVE EVALUATION OF DECOMPOSITION RATES OF, AND PRODUCTS RESULTING FROM DCPD AND DIMP. DURING AUGUST, SEDIMENT AND WATER SAMPLES WERE COLLECTED AT ROCKY MOUNTAIN ARSENAL, ANALYTICAL METHODS WERE INVESTIGATED FOR DCPD AND DIMP, UV ADSORPTION ... |
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| Studies of Environmental Fates of DIMP and DCPD |
04 AUG 78 |
22 pages |
| Authors:
Ronald J. Spanggord; Tsong-Wen Chou; William R. Mabey; SRI INTERNATIONAL MENLO PARK CA
|
| The U.S. Army Medical Bloengineering Research and Development Laboratory has the responsibility of developing environmental standards for pollutants that contaminate the environment at Army installations. Two such pollutants at the Rocky Mountain Arsenal are dicyclopentadiene (DCPD) and diisopropylmethylphosphonate (DIMP). The objectives of this research are to conduct laboratory experiments that will predict the photochemical and biological transformations of DCPD and DIMP in the soils and waters of Rocky Mountain Arsenal ... |
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| Mutagenicity of Some Munitions Wastewater Chemicals and Chlorine Test Kit Reagents. |
MAY 1977 |
|
| Authors:
Vincent F. Simmon; Ronald J. Spanggord; Sharon L. Eckford; Vernon McClurg; SRI INTERNATIONAL MENLO PARK CA
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| In this study, 20 compounds including munition wasterwater chemicals, photolyzed wastewaters, and chlorine test kit reagents were evaluated for mutagenic activity at aqueous solubility levels before and after application of ozone or chlorine disinfection techniques. |
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| Mammalian Toxicological Evaluations of TNT Wastewater (Pink Water). |
MAR 1976 |
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| Authors:
Gordon W. Newell; James V. Dilley; Ronald J. Spanggord; STANFORD RESEARCH INST MENLO PARK CALIF
|
| The purpose of this work was to determine the acute mammalian toxicity of TNT wastewaters (pink water) under various conditions of pH and irradiation time. Pink water residues were prepared by irradiation of authentic wastewater to 0, 50, and 100% degradation levels of the major component, TNT, at pH values of 5.0, 7.0, and 9.4. The wastewaters were lyophilized to dry residues, and LD(50) determinations in Swiss-Webster mice were performed. ... |
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| Toxicity of TNT Wastewater (Pink Water) to Aquatic Organisms. |
JAN 1976 |
|
| Authors:
David H. W. Liu; Ronald J. Spanggord; Howard C. Bailey; STANFORD RESEARCH INST MENLO PARK CALIF
|
| The acute toxicity was determined of aqueous solutions of a-TNT and 2,4-DNT and three types of TNT wastewater from the Joliet Army Ammunition Plant to the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) and the aquatic invertebrate Daphnia magna. The toxicity tests were conducted on materials that had been adjusted to pH 5, 7, and 9.4 and exposed to ultraviolet light. All tests were conducted under static conditions without aeration. The pH of ... |
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Reports by Author
