| Improving the Catalytic Activity of Hyperthermophilic Pyrococcus horikoshii Prolidase for Detoxification of Organophosphorus Nerve Agents over a Broad Range of Temperatures |
Jan 2011 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Casey M Theriot; Rebecca L Semcer; Saumil S Shah; Amy M Grunden; ARMY EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER APG MD
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 | Prolidases hydrolyze Xaa-Pro dipeptides and can also cleave the P-F and P-O bonds found in organophosphorus (OP) compounds, including the nerve agents soman and sarin. Ph1prol (PH0974) has previously been isolated and characterized from Pyrococcus horikoshii and was shown to have higher catalytic activity over a broader pH range, higher affinity for metal, and increased thermostability compared to P. furiosus prolidase, Pf prol (PF1343). To obtain a better enzyme for ... |
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| Structural Insights into the Dual Activities of the Nerve Agent Degrading Organophosphate Anhydrolase/Prolidase |
11 Dec 2009 |
14 pages |
| Authors:
Nand K Vyas; Alexei Nickitenko; Vipin K Rastogi; Saumil S Shah; Florante A Quiocho; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY DIR
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| The organophosphate acid anhydrolase (OPAA) is a member of a class of bimetalloenzymes that hydrolyze a variety of toxic acetylcholinesterase-inhibiting organophosphorus compounds, including fluorinecontaining chemical nerve agents. It also belongs to a family of prolidases, with significant activity against various Xaa-Pro dipeptides. Here we report the X-ray structure determination of the native OPAA (58 kDa mass) from Alteromonas sp. strain JD6.5 and its cocrystal with the inhibitor mipafox [N,N0-diisopropyldiamidofluorophosphate (DDFP)], ... |
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| Exploration of the Use of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance for the Study of Ricin Toxicity in Cells |
Apr-2009 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
Saumil S Shah; Vicky L Bevilacqua; Jeffrey S Rice; Janna S Madren-Whalley; Lisa M Reilly; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| This report is a required report for the U.S. Army Edgewood Chemical Biological Center In-House Laboratory Independent Research project Cell Toxicity by NMR. Traditional assays lead to IC50/EC50 values based solely on cell survivability. However, additional information is desirable for understanding a toxin's total effects. Complex cellular metabolite mixtures can be analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) with the aid of statistical methods such as chemometrics analysis (CA). However, the ... |
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| Laboratory-Scale Study in Determining the Decontamination Standards for Personnel Protective Equipment Used by Homeland Defense Personnel: Evaluation of Commercial Off-the-Shelf Technologies for Decontamination of Personnel Protective Equipment-Relevant S |
01-Jun-2008 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Lalena Wallace; Vipin K Rastogi; Lisa S Smith; Saumil S Shah; Jonathan Sabol; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| In 2001, dissemination of letters tainted with anthrax-causing spores through USPS led to a limited number of deaths and contamination of several hundred thousand cubic feet of surface space within government and commercial buildings. In the context of homeland security, these and other cases involving ricin toxin demonstrated the urgent need to develop countermeasures for cleaning up complex surfaces relevant to personnel protective equipment (PPE). Four relevant surface materials (polycarbonate, ... |
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