This project focused on measuring and evaluating the architecture, dissolution rate, and impact on groundwater quality of residually trapped tetrachloroethene (PCE) dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) from discrete bedrock fractures and fracture networks constructed at the bench-scale. Results demonstrated that residual DNAPL in rock fractures is not well contacted by migrating water. This resulted in reduced dissolution rates, and persistence of DNAPL sources within the bedrock fractures. Bioaugmentation was effective ...