Military intermediate moisture (IM) sandwiches have a shelf life requirement of two years at 80 degrees F. The stability of IM sandwiches is maintained using Hurdle technology, which typically provides a pH below 5.5 and a water activity below 0.89. These levels are effective for microbial stability; however, they can have an effect on the sensory quality of the product and can limit the development of new products. This report ...