| Treatment of Experimental Anthrax with Recombinant Capsule Depolymerase |
DEC 2007 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Angelo Scorpio; Steven A. Tobery; Wilson J. Ribot; Arthur M. Friedlander; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
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 | Bacillus anthracis produces an antiphagocytic gamma-linked poly-D-glutamic acid capsule that is required for virulence. Capsule depolymerase (CapD) is a membrane-associated poly-gamma-glutamate-specific depolymerase encoded on the B. anthracis capsule plasmid, pX02, that is reported to contribute to virulence by anchoring the capsule to the peptidoglycan and partially degrading high molecular weight capsule from the bacterial surface. We previously demonstrated that treatment with CapD effectively removes the capsule from anthrax bacilli, rendering ... |
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| Type VI Secretion is a Major Virulence Determinant in Burkholderia Mallei |
01 JUN 2007 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Mark A. Schell; Ricky L. Ulrich; Wilson J. Ribot; Ernst E. Brueggemann; Harry B. Hines; Dan Chen; Lyla Lipscomb; H. S. Kim; Jan Mrazek; William C. Nierman; David DeShazer; GEORGIA UNIV ATHENS DEPT OF MICROBIOLOGY
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| Burkholderia mallei is a host-adapted pathogen and a category B biothreat agent. Although the B. mallei VirAG two-component regulatory system is required for virulence in hamsters, the virulence genes it regulates are unknown. Here we show with expression profiling that overexpression of virAG resulted in transcriptional activation of approximately 60 genes, including some involved in capsule production, actin-based intracellular motility, and type VI secretion (T6S). The 15 genes encoding the ... |
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| Anthrax Lethal Toxin Impairs Innate Immune Functions of Alveolar Macrophages and Facilitates Bacillus anthracis Survival |
14 JUN 2006 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Wilson J. Ribot; Rekha G. Panchal; Katherine C. Brittingham; Gordon Ruthel; Tara A. Kenny; Douglas Lane; Bob Curry; Timothy A. Hoover; Arthur M. Friedlander; Sina Bavari; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
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| Alveolar macrophages (AM) are very important for pulmonary innate immune responses against invading inhaled pathogens because they directly kill the organisms and initiate a cascade of innate and adaptive immune responses. Although several factors contribute to inhalational anthrax, we hypothesized that unimpeded infection of Bacillus anthracis is directly linked to disabling the innate immune functions contributed by AM. Here, we investigated the effects of lethal toxin (LT), one of the ... |
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| The Animal Pathogen-Like Type III Secretion System is Required for the Intracellular Survival of Burkholderia mallei within J774.2 Macrophages |
30 MAR 2006 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Wilson J. Ribot; Ricky L. Ulrich; ARMY MEDICAL RESEARCH INST OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES FORT DETRICK MD
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| Burkholderia mallei is a highly infectious gram-negative pathogen and is the causative agent of human and animal glanders. By generating polar mutations (disruption of bsaQ and bsaZ) in the B. mallei ATCC 23344 animal pathogen-like type III secretion system (TTS), we demonstrate that this bacterial protein delivery system is required for intracellular growth of B. mallei in J774.2 cells, formation of macrophage membrane protrusions, actin polymerization, and phagosomal escape. These ... |
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