| CRS Issue Statement on WMD and Missile Proliferation |
08 Jan 2010 |
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| Authors:
Mary Beth Nikitin; Paul K Kerr; Amy F Woolf; Shirley A Kan; Steven A Hildreth; Emma Chanlett-Avery; Lary A Niksch; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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 | The possible proliferation of chemical, biological, and nuclear weapons (known collectively as Weapons of Mass Destruction-WMD) and their delivery systems to additional nations or subnational groups poses significant challenges for U.S. national security policy. The complex challenges presented by the threat of WMD proliferation have diplomatic, technological, and economic aspects. The United States is a signatory to several international agreements, including the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty, the Chemical Weapons Convention, and ... |
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| Nuclear Weapons R&D Organiziations in Nine Nations |
16-Mar-2009 |
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| Authors:
Jonathan Medalia; Carol Migdalovitz; Mary Beth Nikitin; Shirley A Kan; Larry A Niksch; Paul K Kerr; Derek E Mix; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| Seven nations-China, France, India, Pakistan, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States-possess nuclear weapons. In addition, North Korea tested a nuclear explosive device, and Israel is widely thought to have nuclear weapons. As an aid to Congress in understanding nuclear weapons, nuclear proliferation, and arms control matters, this report describes which agency is responsible for research and development (R&D) of nuclear weapons (i.e., nuclear explosive devices, as distinct from ... |
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| Nuclear Weapons R&D Organizations in Nine Nations |
16-Mar-2009 |
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| Authors:
Jonathan Medalia; Carol Migdalovitz; Mary Beth Nikitin; Shirley A Kan; Larry A Niksch; Paul K Kerr; Derek E Mix; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| Seven nations -- China, France, India, Pakistan, Russia, the United Kingdom, and the United States -- possess nuclear weapons. In addition, North Korea tested a nuclear explosive device, and Israel is widely thought to have nuclear weapons. As an aid to Congress in understanding nuclear weapons, nuclear proliferation, and arms control matters, this report describes which agency is responsible for research and development (R&D) of nuclear weapons (i.e., nuclear explosive ... |
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| Arms Control and Nonproliferation: A Catalog of Treaties and Agreements |
10-Feb-2009 |
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| Authors:
Mary Beth Nikitin; Amy F Woolf; Paul K Kerr; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| Arms control and nonproliferation efforts are two of the tools that have occasionally been used to implement U.S. national security strategy. Although some believe these tools do little to restrain the behavior of U.S. adversaries, while doing too much to restrain U.S. military forces and operations, many other analysts see them as an effective means to promote transparency, ease military planning, limit forces, and protect against uncertainty and surprise. Arms ... |
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| U.S.-Russian Civilian Nuclear Cooperation Agreement: Issues for Congress |
26-Jun-2008 |
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| Authors:
Mary Beth Nikitin; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| The United States and Russia signed a civilian nuclear cooperation agreement on May 6, 2008. President Bush submitted the agreement to Congress on May 13. This report discusses key policy issues related to that agreement, including future nuclear energy cooperation with Russia, U.S.-Russian bilateral relations, nonproliferation cooperation and Russia's policies toward Iran. This report will be updated. |
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| Japan's Nuclear Future: Policy Debate, Prospects, and U.S. Interests |
09 MAY 2008 |
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| Authors:
Emma Chanlett-Avery; Mary Beth Nikitin; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| Japan, traditionally one of the most prominent advocates of the international non-proliferation regime, has consistently pledged to forswear nuclear weapons. Nevertheless, evolving circumstances in Northeast Asia, particularly North Korea's nuclear test in October 2006 and China's ongoing military modernization drive, have raised new questions about Japan's vulnerability to potential adversaries and, therefore, the appeal of developing an independent nuclear deterrent. The previous taboo within the Japanese political community of discussing ... |
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| Nuclear Cooperation with Other Countries: A Primer |
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| Authors:
Mary Beth Nikitin; Paul K Kerr; LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE
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| In order for the United States to engage in civilian nuclear cooperation with other states, it must conclude a framework agreement that meets specific requirements under section 123 of the Atomic Energy Act (AEA). The AEA also provides for exemptions to these requirements, export control licensing procedures, and criteria for terminating cooperation. Congressional review is required for section 123 agreements; the AEA establishes special fast track parliamentary procedures by which ... |
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