The crystallization of sol-gel derived amorphous PZT films deposited on a MgO single-crystal substrate and a SiO2 glass substrate was examined. The pyrochlore crystallites, 5 nm in size, were homogeneously nucleated in the amorphous films at 350 C. The nucleation temperature of pyrochlore did not depend on the type of substrate. Fine pyrochlore grains were stable even during annealing at high temperatures up to 600 C. The perovskite formation temperature ...
A new forged roll technology in Japan is introduced on rolls for aluminum hot and cold rolling. Aluminum cold rolling mill rolls which have been made by a remelting process have good cleanliness and mechanical properties. The Non Ghost Process (NGP) is not a remelting process, but a special rotating casting one. NGP rolls have fine dendrite structures and homogeneous mechanical properties. Recently, a new type roll for aluminum foil ...
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