| An Assessment of the Effects of Four Acoustic Energy Devices on Animal Behavior |
OCT 2000 |
80 pages |
| Authors:
Clifford F. Sherry; Michael C. Cook; G. C. Brown; James R. Jauchem; James H. Merritt; VERIDIAN CORP SAN ANTONIO TX
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 | To determine if narrow-band, high-intensity acoustic energy in the audible frequency range could be used as a non-lethal weapon, four acoustic devices were tested: (a) a compressed-air-driven siren (CADS); (b) a combustion- driven siren (the Dismounted Battlefield Battle Laboratory, or DBBL); (c) an impulsive acoustic device, the Sequential Arc Discharge Acoustic Generator (SADAG); and (d) a complex waveform generator, the Gayl Blaster. The Primate Equilibrium Platform (PEP) is a continuous, ... |
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| Skin Hazard Evaluation for ACP-2A Near-Infrared Pointer |
MAR 1998 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Dennis W. Blick; Jerri A. Tribble; Thomas J. Walters; Peter R. Edsall; James H. Merritt; ARMSTRONG LAB BROOKS AFB TX OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH DIRECTORATE
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| In response to safety concerns expressed by a USAF operational unit, a tri-service research team at the USAF Armstrong Laboratory tested a fielded near-IR pointing device for potential skin hazards to the users .The power output and beam profile were measured in the U.S. Army Medical Research Detachment at Brooks AFB. The sensory effects of the device were then tested at the Naval Medical Research ... |
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| Definition of Procedures for Chronic Exposure of Cancer-Prone Mice to Low-Level 2,450-MHz Radiofrequency Radiation |
SEP 91 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Melvin R. Frei; James H. Merritt; TRINITY UNIV SAN ANTONIO TX RADIATION BIOEFFECTS CENTER
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| Several published reports have implied that long-term, low-level exposure to radio-frequency radiation (RFR) may influence the growth and/or differentiation of mammalian cells in vivo. Specifically, the issue involves whether or not such RFR exposure can cause cells to differentiate into an invasive form (tumor induction) or can act as a promoter of tumor expression. To address this issue, the United States Air Force sponsors a project involving long-term exposure of ... |
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| Behavioral Effects of Exposure to the Tempo High-Power Microwave System |
MAR 88 |
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| Authors:
B. J. Klauenberg; James H. Merritt; David N. Erwin; SCHOOL OF AEROSPACE MEDICINE BROOKS AFB TX
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 | Safety standard for exposure to radiofrequency radiation must be based upon biologic consequences of exposure to such environments. Behavioral based measures are considered to be the most sensitive indices of biological effects. Current safety guidelines are based upon average power density and may not be relevant to the high peak power, short pulse width microwave radiation produced by newly developed high peak power microwave sources. The effects of exposure to ... |
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| Behavioral Response of Rats Exposed to High-Power Microwave Radiation |
FEB 88 |
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| Authors:
Robert E. Cordts; James H. Merritt; David N. Erwin; Kenneth A. Hardy; Michael G. Yochmowitz; SCHOOL OF AEROSPACE MEDICINE BROOKS AFB TX
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| Emerging high-power microwave technologies require that bioeffects of exposure to this type of radiation be investigated for health and safety considerations. Disruption of animal behavior is reported to be a sensitive indicator of microwave exposure. Three behavioral tasks were chosen for this initial investigation of exposure to U.S. Air Force high-power microwave emitters. The tasks were: (1) single trail avoidance, (2) water satiation, and (3) rotarod performance. Exposure to high-power ... |
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| Thermal Responses to High-Frequency Electromagnetic Radiation Fields. |
SEP 1976 |
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| Authors:
James W. Frazer; James H. Merritt; Stewart J. Allen; Richard H. Hartzell; James A. Ratliff; SCHOOL OF AEROSPACE MEDICINE BROOKS AFB TEX
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| Monkeys were exposed to fields of 1000, 750, and 500 mW/sq cm. at 26 MHz in a coaxial transmission line for 6 hours. An immediate rise in skin and rectal temperature, with subsequent cooling, was noted. Rectal temperature reached an equilibrium after about 1.5 hours of exposure. This equilibrium was maintained throughout the remainder of the explosure period. Thermoregulatory mechanisms activated as a result of exposure to even the highest ... |
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| The Effect of 1.6 GHz Radiation on Neurotransmitters in Discrete Areas of the Rat Brain. |
FEB 1976 |
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| Authors:
James H. Merritt; Richard H. Hartzell; James W. Frazer; SCHOOL OF AEROSPACE MEDICINE BROOKS AFB TEX
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| Rats were exposed to 1.6 GHz radiation at a measured power density of 80 mW/sq cm for 10 minutes. Rectal temperature rise was 4 deg c. Hyperthermal control rats were exposed to warm air environment to raise core temperature 4 deg c. Hypothalamic norepinephrine was decreased in the irradiated and hyperthermal animals compared to the normothermal controls. Hippocampal serotonin was decreased in the irradiated but not in the hyperthermal animals ... |
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| Effect of 19 MHz RF Radiation on Neurotransmitters in Mouse Brain. |
AUG 1975 |
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| Authors:
James H. Merritt; James W. Frazer; SCHOOL OF AEROSPACE MEDICINE BROOKS AFB TEX
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| Mice were exposed to 19 MHz radiofrequency radiation and then euthanized by microwave-heating brain inactivation. Brain levels of 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5HIAA), homovanillic acid (HVA), serotonin (5HT), norepinephrine (NE), and dopamine (DA) were not altered by this radiation. Brain concentration of 5HIAA, 5 HT, NE, and DA was higher when control animals were euthanized by microwave inactivation than by cervical dislocation. |
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| PH Effects on Chloroform Extraction of Drugs of Abuse from Urine. |
MAR 1974 |
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| Authors:
James H. Merritt; Thomas S. Sulkowski; George D. Lathrop; SCHOOL OF AEROSPACE MEDICINE BROOKS AFB TEX
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| The optimum pH for the single chloroform extraction of barbiturates and amphetamines was determined using radiolabelled drugs. Over the pH range 7.5-8.5, extraction of phenobarbital and amphetamine from urine into chloroform varied widely. The extraction of pentobarbital was much less affected by pH. For a single extraction of these drugs into chloroform, pH should be maintained at 8.0-8.2. (Author) |
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| Effects of Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors and Reserpine on Brain Amines in Altitude-Exposed Rats. |
FEB 1971 |
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| Authors:
James H. Merritt; Miguel A. Medina; SCHOOL OF AEROSPACE MEDICINE BROOKS AFB TEX
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| Groups of rats were injected with either pargyline, Parnate, Catron, or reserpine (75 mg./kg., 5 mg./kg., 5 mg./kg., and 5 mg./kg. respectively) and taken to a simulated altitude of 18,500 ft. The expected rise in the brain monoamine (norepinephrine and serotonin) levels after administration of monoamine oxidase inhibitors and the decrease of norepinephrine by reserpine were attenuated by altitude exposure. In another experiment, 100 percent oxygen was substituted for ambient ... |
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| DECREASED DIURESIS IN RESPONSE TO A THIAZIDE DIURETIC AT A SIMULATED ALTITUDE. |
AUG 1970 |
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| Authors:
Thomas S. Sulkowski; James H. Merritt; SCHOOL OF AEROSPACE MEDICINE BROOKS AFB TEX
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| The effect of hydrochlorothiazide on the diuretic response of rats at 12,000 ft. was examined. After administration of a saline load, with and without drug, urine was collected over a 5-hr. period at both altitude and ground level. Total volume, urinary Na(+) and K(+), and pH were determined. The most pronounced effect of the altitude-drug interaction was decrease in the expected urine volume while the increased Na(+) output did not ... |
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| ALTERATIONS OF MONOAMINE CONTENT BY DECABORANE AFTER MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITION BY IPRONIAZID. |
AUG 1967 |
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| Authors:
James H. Merritt; Thomas S. Sulkowski; SCHOOL OF AEROSPACE MEDICINE BROOKS AFB TEX
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| Pretreatment of rats with 100 mg. iproniazid/kg. does not prevent the fall of brain and heart norepinephrine content produced by the subsequent injection of 15 mg. decaborane (B10H14)/kg. This phenomenon is in contrast to the effect of the drug combination on rat brain 5-hydroxytryptamine. In this case, pretreatment with iproniazid does prevent the decaborane-mediated decline of brain 5-hydroxytryptamine. The results are discussed in relation to the mechanism of action of ... |
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| Enzyme Activity in the Serum and Common Duct Bile of Dogs, |
DEC 1958 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Harold D. Frankl; James H. Merritt; SCHOOL OF AVIATION MEDICINE RANDOLPH AFB TEX
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| The observations that patients with obstructive jaundice show elevated levels of serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase and that ligation of the common bile duct in rats results in similar enzyme changes prompted direct investigation of the excretory pathway of the serum enzyme protein moieties. Mongrel dogs, subjected to cholecystectomy and ligation of the common bile duct, were used. Exposure of these animals to carbon tetrachloride vapor, with the expected massive increase ... |
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