| Risk Assessment for Acute Exposure to Pyrogen: A Pyrotechnically- Generated Fire Extinguishing Aerosol |
11 JAN 2005 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Jonathan W. Kaufman; Edgar Kimmel; NAVAL AIR WARFARE CENTER AIRCRAFT DIV PATUXENT RIVER MD
|
 | Pyrotechnically generated fire extinguishing aerosols represent an alternative to halon fire extinguishers in enclosed spaces. This study reviewed existing literature on one specific type (Pyrogen) and assessed the potential health risks associated with a short-term (15 min) exposure to a Pyrogen discharge. A fairly extensive study of vapor phase components by the Russian Academy of Science suggested that concentrations of potentially hazardous gases were generally below levels of concern. However, ... |
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| Experimental Measurement to Determine Fine Dry-Bulb and Wet-Bulb Thermocouple Response Times |
20 DEC 2004 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Jonathan W. Kaufman; Kambiz Farahmand; Katherine Stuble; Coleen Chin; NAVAL AIR WARFARE CENTER AIRCRAFT DIV PATUXENT RIVER MD
|
| An experimental apparatus was built and used to measure the response time of very fine wet-bulb thermocouples in air. Rapid response solenoid valves (15 m/sec response time) were used to control airflow, through tubing into which wet-bulb thermocouples were placed. Thermocouple wire (type T, 0.005 cm diameter) was used to fabricate thermocouples for testing. The thermocouple tip (bead) was covered with a wick (cotton fiber) to build a wet-bulb. The ... |
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| Respiratory demand in Individuals Performing Rigorous Physical Tasks in Chemical Protective Ensembles |
05 MAY 2003 |
50 pages |
| Authors:
Jonathan W. Kaufman; Sherry A. Hastings; NAVAL AIR WARFARE CENTER AIRCRAFT DIV PATUXENT RIVER MD
|
| Protection afforded by a respiratory filter depends on chemical or biological agent and flow rate. Filtration mechanisms such as chemical adsorption depend on sufficient residence time for the filter media to extract noxious agents from the airstream. Consequently, filter efficiency is a function of inspiratory air velocities. Filter designs account for this by adjusting bed depth and cross-sectional area to anticipated flow rates. The NATO-standard military filter (C2A1) and many ... |
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| Assessment of Advanced Personal Cooling Systems for Use With Chemical Protective Outer Garments |
05 NOV 2001 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Jonathan W. Kaufman; Linda T. Fatkin; NAVAL AIR WARFARE CENTER AIRCRAFT DIV PATUXENT RIVER MD
|
| Persons responsible for removing extremely hazardous chemical agents or responding to chemical incidents typically wear fully encapsulating chemical protective ensembles (Level A (LA)) during field operations. LA ensembles are currently used without any ancillary cooling system, thereby greatly increasing the risk of thermal injury. The present study evaluated four candidate cooling systems intended to mitigate thermal stress experienced by LA ensemble users in hot humid conditions. Four current members (males, ... |
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| Physiological Protection Against Chemical and Biological Agents |
2000 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Jonathan W. Kaufman; NAVAL AIR WARFARE CENTER AIRCRAFT DIV PATUXENT RIVER MD
|
| Viewgraphs pertaining to physiological protection against Chemical and Biological agents is presented. |
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| Technique for Estimating Ventilation Requirements for Personal Air- Cooling Systems |
21 JUN 1999 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Jonathan W. Kaufman; NAVAL AIR WARFARE CENTER AIRCRAFT DIV PATUXENT RIVER MD
|
| Individuals wearing encapsulating garments require auxiliary cooling systems to sustain physical and cognitive performance when exposed to high temperatures or workloads. Heat transfer in such cooling systems are typically based on either air or liquid as the heat exchange medium. Designing air-cooled systems requires knowledge of the quantity of heat to be extracted and cooling system design criteria; inlet air temperature and humidity and ventilation rates. This report addresses this ... |
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| Validation and Sensitivity Analysis of Texas Human Thermal Model Predictions During Cold Water Immersion |
01 FEB 93 |
153 pages |
| Authors:
Barry S. Shender; Jonathan W. Kaufman; NAVAL AIR WARFARE CENTER AIRCRAFT DIV WARMINSTER PA AIR VEHICLE AND CREW SYST EMS TECHNOLOGY DEPT
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| The Texas Human Thermal Model (referred to below as the Model) has been used to simulate the effects of thermal stresses on individuals under a variety of conditions. As part of a US Navy effort to develop integrated protection garments, the Model has been modified to predict tolerance to cold water immersion with garments whose CLO values are less than 0.1. Other program modifications have been implemented leading to easier ... |
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| Ventilation Loss in the NASA Space Shuttle Crew Protective Garments: Potential for Heat Stress |
31 DEC 91 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Gregory K. Askew; Jonathan W. Kaufman; NAVAL AIR DEVELOPMENT CENTER WARMINSTER PA AIR VEHICLE AND CREW SYSTEMS TECHN OLOGY DEPT
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| The potential of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) S1035 Launch/Entry suit (LES) for producing heat stress in a simulated Space Shuttle cabin environment has been studied. The testing was designed to determine if the NASA S1035 poses a greater threat of inducing heat stress than the NASA S1032. Conditions were designed to simulate an extreme prelaunch situation, with chamber temperatures maintained at dry bulb temperature 27.2 0.1 deg ... |
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| Effectiveness of NASA 1032 and 1035 and Air Force 1030 & 1034 Suits in Protection against Cold Water Hypothermia |
16 AUG 91 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Annette C. Drew; Jonathan W. Kaufman; Gregory K. Askew; NAVAL AIR WARFARE CENTER AIRCRAFT DIV WARMINSTER PA AIR VEHICLE AND CREW SYST EMS TECHNOLOGY DEPT
|
| Our lab examined the relative cold exposure protection afforded by two sets of clothing ensembles. One set consisted of National Aeronautics and Space Administration suits (NASA1032 and NASA1035) and the other consisted of Air Force suits (AF1030 and AF1034). Eight healthy male subjects wearing these ensembles were exposed on four separate occasions to cold water (Twater - 4.4 deg C) in an environmentally controlled chamber with cold ambient air temperature ... |
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| Ventilation Loss and Pressurization in the NASA Launch/Entry Suit: Potential for Heat Stress |
15 SEP 89 |
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| Authors:
Jonathan W. Kaufman; Katherine Y. Dejneka; Gregory K. Askew; NAVAL AIR DEVELOPMENT CENTER WARMINSTER PA AIR VEHICLE AND CREW SYSTEMS TECHN OLOGY DEPT
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 | The potential of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Launch/Entry Suit (LES) for producing heat stress in a simulated Space Shuttle cabin environment has been studied. The testing was designed to identify potential heat stress hazards if the LES were pressurized or if ventilation were lost. Conditions were designed to simulate an extreme pre-launch situation, with chamber temperatures maintained at dry bulb temperature = 27.2 + or - 0.1 C, ... |
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| Evaluation of Thermal Stress Induced by Helicopter Aircrew Chemical, Biological, Radiological (CBR) Protective Ensemble |
15 JUN 88 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Jonathan W. Kaufman; Katherine Y. Dejneka; Stephen Morrissey; Alvah Bittner Jr; NAVAL AIR DEVELOPMENT CENTER WARMINSTER PA AIR VEHICLE AND CREW SYSTEMS TECHN OLOGY DEPT
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| The A/P22P-9(V) Chemical, Biological, Radiological (CBR) Protective Assembly for helicopter aircrews has been evaluated for the additional thermal stress it imparts to users in a hot environment. The standard aircrew life support system for helicopters, based on the CWU-27/P flight coverall, was employed as the experimental control. Two environmental conditions were studied: 1) a simulated hot aircraft interior (hot), with chamber temperatures maintained at dry bulb temperatures = 32.8C and ... |
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