The very high cycle fatigue behavior (105-109 cycles) of Ti-6246 has been investigated using ultrasonic fatigue techniques. In this regime of fatigue (0.4-0.6deltaYS), only certain microstructural regions are susceptible to fatigue damage accumulation, and lifetimes are related to the distribution of fatigue critical microstructural neighborhoods. Three distinct categories of crystallographic crack initiation sites have been identified. Fatigue crack initiation and early growth is typified by a crystallographic facet formation process ...