| An Analysis Method to Nowcast Three-Dimensional Meteorological Data for the U.S. Army IMETS |
OCT 2004 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
Teizi Henmi; Robert Dumais; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WHITE SANDS NM COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCE DIRECTORATE
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 | An analysis method for creating three-dimensional meteorological data was developed for the U.S. Army Integrated Meteorological System (IMETS) for the purpose of nowcasting. The method uses data regularly obtained from the U.S. Air Force Weather Agency, which includes numerical forecast data generated by the Pennsylvania State University/National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model Version 5, along with routine surface and upper-air observations. The method is described in detail and, for ... |
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| Average Forecast Errors Using MM5 and WRF Over Complex Terrain: Utah, July/August 2003 and January/February 2004 |
OCT 2004 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Barbara Sauter; Teizi Henmi; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE NM
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| This report documents average weather forecast errors associated with two mesoscale models run over northern Utah during two months in the summer (2003) and two months in the winter (2004). The models used were the Pennsylvania State University/National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model Version 5 (MM5) and the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) model, version 1.3. The forecast values of surface temperature, dew-point temperature, wind speed, and wind direction ... |
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| Statistical Studies of Mesoscale Forecast Models MM5 and WRF |
SEP 2004 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Teizi Henmi; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE NM
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| Two mesoscale weather forecasting models--the Mesoscale Model Version 5 (MM5) and the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF)--were statistically evaluated over two different geographical areas, Utah and western Texas. Using the 40-km Eta forecast data as input data, forecast calculations of both the models were carried out and the results were compared with surface observation data. Both models tended to overforecast temperature and dew-point temperature, although the correlation coefficients between forecast ... |
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| A Mesoscale Modeling System Developed for the U.S. Army |
APR 2004 |
50 pages |
| Authors:
Robert E. Dumais Jr.; Teizi Henmi; Jeffrey Passner; Terry Jameson; Pat Haines; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WHITE SANDS NM COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCE DIRECTORATE
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| The U.S. Army Battlescale Forecast Model (BFM) is a short-range forecasting tool designed to run on a workstation in a tactical environment. The model is hydrostatic and remains computationally stable at large time steps due to alternating-direction implicit finite differencing. The model assimilates data using Newtonian relaxation to incorporate observations and time-tendencies of forecast variables from a previously run numerical model. The U.S. Army uses the BFM to produce real-time, ... |
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| Development of a Nowcasting Method for Three-Dimensional Meteorological Data: Preliminary Report |
NOV 2003 |
31 pages |
| Authors:
Teizi Henmi; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WHITE SANDS NM COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCE DIRECTORATE
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| A nowcasting method for three-dimensional meteorological fields has been developed. Nowcasting is a method of diagnosing the current weather situation, and in this study is defined as an objective analysis of meterological parameters that have been currently observed. The Penn State University/National Center for Atmospheric Research (CAR) Mesoscale Model Version 5 (MM5) was utilized to obtain background data to combine with surface and upper-air observation data. In this method, surface ... |
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| Evaluation Study of Mesoscale Models MM5 and BFM Over the Model Domains of Utah Using Surface Meteorological Data by Mesowest |
MAR 2003 |
86 pages |
| Authors:
Teizi Henmi; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE NM
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| The forecast skills of the Penn State/National Center for Atmospheric Research Mesoscale Model version 5 (MM5), and the Battlescale Forecast Model (BFM) were statistically evaluated by comparing the model forecasting data with surface observation data. The study was done for the periods of January-March 2002, and April-June 2002. The MM5 used quadruple-nests of 67.5, 7.5, and 2.5 km grid increments, all of which have 51x51 grid points centered near Salt ... |
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| Short-Term Battlescale Forecast Model Performance Incorporating Utah Mesonet Stations |
FEB 2003 |
34 pages |
| Authors:
Barbara Sauter; Teizi Henmi; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE NM
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| The U.S. Army requires accurate short-term weather forecasts in order to optimize the use of personnel and systems in mission execution in a wide variety of locations and conditions. This study investigates the performance of the Battlescale Forecast Model over an area of complex terrain by comparing results of model runs incorporating surface observations from Utah mesonet stations with equivalent model runs made without any surface data. |
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| Battlescale Forecast Model Sensitivity Study |
JAN 2003 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Barbara Sauter; Teizi Henmi; Edgar Pedrego; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WHITE SANDS NM COMPUTATIONAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCE DIRECTORATE
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| Expendable sensors might be used on the battlefield to report weather data not in conformance with normal weather sensor placement and accuracy standards. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of errors in surface measurements on a model forecast initialized with the inaccurate observations. Changes to the surface observations used in the Battlescale Forecast Model initialization led to no significant changes in the resulting forecast values of ... |
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| Validation Study of Operational Battlescale Forecast Model (BFM) Over Western Asian Regions |
DEC 2002 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Teizi Henmi; John W. Raby; John Crunclet; Jim Kratzer; ARMY RESEARCH LAB ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| The Current version of the Battle scale Forecast Model (BFM) on the U.S. Army Integrated Meteorological System was evaluated by comparing the model's forecast data with observed meteorological data. Two model domains adjacent to Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan were selected to run the BFM for 24- hr forecast periods in operational mode. Due to the limited number of observation stations and data, the results obtained in this study should be ... |
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| Nowcasting Surface Meteorological Parameters Using Successive Correction Method |
JAN 2002 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Teizi Henmi; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE NM
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| The successive correction method was examined and evaluated statistically as a nowcasting method for surface meteorological parameters including temperature, dew point temperature, and horizontal wind vector components. The Battlescale Forecast Model (BFM) forecast fields of the surface meteorological parameters were used as background data. By this method, temperature and dew point temperature could be nowcasted well. The major reason for this is that the BFM forecasting calculation could provide good ... |
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| Evaluation Study of an Operational Mesoscale Forecast Model Over Three Climatologically Different Areas |
SEP 2000 |
57 pages |
| Authors:
Teizi Henmi; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE NM
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| This report describes the evaluation study of the forecast skill of the Battlescale Forecast Model (BFM) over three-different regions with different terrain complexities and climates. The model computations are initialized with three different sets of initial conditions over Colorado, Washington, and Florida; forecast data are statistically compared with surface observation data. Statistical results of the BFM are compared to those of the Navy Operational Global Atmospheric ... |
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| Comparison and Evaluation of Operational Mesoscale MM5 and BFM Over WSMR |
MAY 2000 |
58 pages |
| Authors:
Teizi Henmi; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE NM BATTLEFIELD ENVIRONMENT DIRECTORATE
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| Forecast data of both Fifth-Generation Mesoscale Model (MM5) and the Battlescale Forecast Model (BFM) were statistically compared with the Surface Atmosphere Measuring System (SAMS) data at the White Sands Missile Range covering the period of April and May 1999. Archived forecast data from MM5 and SAMS, and output data from the BFM are used for this study. Statistical parameters such as mean difference, absolute difference, ... |
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| Terrain Elevation Program for BFM: New Development |
OCT 1999 |
54 pages |
| Authors:
Teizi Henmi; Stephen F. Kirby; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE NM BATTLEFIELD ENVIRONMENT DIRECTORATE
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| A new computer program named read_terrain.c is developed to generate the elevation data for the Battlescale Forecast Model (BFM) from the U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) 30 arc-second elevation data (GTOPO3O data set). Since the data set covers the entire globe, terrain data for the BFM can be obtained for any part of the world, except for the areas in high latitudes. This report describes ... |
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| The Battlescale Forecast Model (BFM) During the TFXXI at Fort Irwin, CA:Statistical Evaluation of 24 h Forecast Fields and Model Improvement |
AUG 1998 |
57 pages |
| Authors:
Teizi Henmi; Robert E. Dumais; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE NM
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| The U.S. Army's Battlescale Forecast Model (BFM) was operationally used for forecasting surface meteorological parameters during the Department of Defense (DOD) Task Force XXI exercise which was held at the National Training Center (NTC), Ft. Irwin, CA, in March 1991. The results of the BFM forecast calculstions were unsatisfactory, primarily due to the following physical and numerical shortcomings in the model operation: scarcity of input ... |
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| Description of the Battlescale Forecast Model |
MAY 1998 |
141 pages |
| Authors:
Teizi Henmi; Robert Dumais Jr; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE NM
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| The Battlescale Forecast Model, which was developed at the U.S. Army Research Laboratory, is a major part of the U.S. Army Integrated Meteorological System Block II software. The Battlescale Forecast Model can be used operationally over any part of the world by using meteorological data obtained through the Automated Weather Distribution System. The Integrated Weather Effects Decision Aids utilize the Battlescale Forecast Model output file to calculate the values of ... |
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| Battlescale Forecast Model and its Evaluation Using White Sands Missile Range Meteorological Data |
APR 95 |
76 pages |
| Authors:
Teizi Henmi; M. E. Lee; T. J. Smith; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE NM
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| The Battlescale Forecast Model (BFM) was developed by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory for operational short-range (12.h) forecast The BFM is composed of two major programs. The first program called 3dobj, creates initial and boundary values for a forecast model by analyzing the U.S. Air Force Global Spectral Model (GSM) forecast field output data and upper air sounding data if it is available. The second program is a forecast model ... |
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| Indexing Meso-beta Surface Wind Site Representative |
SEP 94 |
38 pages |
| Authors:
Martin E. Lee; Teizi Henmi; ARMY RESEARCH LAB WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE NM
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| Multiple meso-Beta surface wind site data representativeness is examined in a comparison of corresponding sets of surface mesoscale model windfield predictions - with and without periodic surface data assimilation. A version of the Higher Order Turbulence Model for atmospheric Circulation (HOTMAC) is used in this study to obtain selected surface gridded windfields. Six different radiosonde initialization data Sets are used to generate seven hour HOTMAC surface windfield predictions. Two series ... |
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| Development of Mesoscale Model Performance Evaluation Programs |
APR 92 |
40 pages |
| Authors:
Teizi Henmi; Roger Vega; ARMY LAB COMMAND WHITE SANDS MISSILE RANGE NM ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES LAB
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| Computer programs to examine and illustrate the results of mesoscale model simulation and to compare with observation are described. Programs consist of those illustrating horizontal and vertical measurements and temporal distributions of both simulated an observed data. Statistical methods to evaluate model performance are also programmed. |
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