Tetragonal zirconia alloys containing up to 18 mol% ceria and 30 mol% hafnia were prepared by several wet-chemical techniques, sintered to high density, and their microstructural and physical properties studied. Toughening in such alloys depends on the retention of the metastable tetragonal phase and the stress required for its transformation to the monoclinic phase. The degree of metastability of the tetragonal phase in these ternary zirconia alloys was a function ...
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