| Real-Time PCR (RT-PCR) Assays for Burkholderia mallei and B. pseudomallei |
01 OCT 2005 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Vipin K. Rastogi; Tu-chen Cheng; Lisa Collins; Jennifer Bagley; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY DIR
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 | Burkholderia pseudomallei and B. mallei, respectively are the causative agents of meliodosis and glanders, primarily in animals (both pathogens), and in humans (commonly the former but sporadically the latter as well). The two pathogens are gram-negative, facultative anaerobe, motile bacilli. There is no known vaccine, and the treatment with antimicrobials is protracted because of natural resistance of these pathogens to commonly used antibiotics. The virulence factors are only now beginning ... |
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| Enzymatic Decontamination of C/B Threat Materials: From Concept to Commercialization |
17 NOV 2004 |
7 pages |
| Authors:
Joseph J. Defrank; Steven P. Harvey; Vipin K. Rastogi; Tu-chen Cheng; Christopher S. Penet; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| The ability of enzymes to hydrolyze and detoxify organophosphorus compounds goes back nearly 60 years to when Mazur published work with mammalian tissues conducted during World War II (Mazur, 1946). He determined that enzymatic activity in a variety of tissues could catalytically detoxify diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP). More recently, a variety of enzymes with activity against G- and V-type nerve agents as well as organophosphorus pesticides have been identified from numerous sources, ... |
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| Compatibility of CW Agent Degrading Enzymes with Disinfectants and Foams |
19 NOV 2003 |
10 pages |
| Authors:
Tu-chen Cheng; Vipin K. Rastogi; Joseph J. Defrank; Ilona Fry; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY DIR
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| Over the years our group developed a non-corrosive, non-toxic, environmentally safe and userfriendly chemical agent decontaminant (advanced catalytic enzyme system - ACES) in a dry powder form. The ACES is capable of hydrolyzing/detoxifying organophosphorus (OP)-based neurotoxic chemical warfare (CW) agents, i.e. G-type, V-type, and related OP based hazardous industrial materials. Bacterial enzymes, OPH (V- and G-type and pesticides), OPAA (G-type) and squid DFPase (G-type) are the three key biocatalysts capable ... |
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| Advanced Catalytic Enzyme System (ACES) - Dual Use Capabilities |
01 Jul 2003 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Joseph J. Defrank; Joseph J DeFrank; Tu-chen Cheng; Steven P. Harvey; Steven P Harvey; Vipin K. Rastogi; Vipin K Rastogi; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| An enzyme-based decontaminant (Advanced Catalytic Enzyme System - ACES) has been developed at the Edgewood Chemical Biological Center (ECBC) for use by military services and civilian first responders. The ACES will contain enzymes for the detoxification of nerve agents (G and V) and related pesticides, sulfur mustard, bacterial cells, and anthrax spores. Catalytic enzymes are highly efficient, detoxifying many times their own weight of agent in seconds or minutes. The ... |
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| Assessment of Environmentally Benign Decontaminant Towards Anthrax Spores |
JAN 2002 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Vipin K. Rastogi; Tu-chen Cheng; Abe Turetsky; Phillip Bartram; George Wagner; GEO-CENTERS INC ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| In recent years, production and storage of CBW agents in large quantities by a number of rogue nations and extremist groups have raised the probability of their use in armed conflicts and against civilian populations around the world. While the CW agents include nerve agents, G-type and Vtype, and blistering agents such as mustard gas; the BW agents include pathogenic viruses, bacterial cells, dormant spores, and protein-based toxins. The current ... |
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| Batch and High Cell Density Fed-Batch Culture Productions of an Organophosphorus Hydrolase |
JAN 2002 |
6 pages |
| Authors:
Michael H. Kim; Vipin K. Rastogi; Tu-chen Cheng; Joseph J. Defrank; EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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| Organophosphorus hydrolases (OPH) are of great interest to the U.S. Army for their potential use in the non-toxic, non-corrosive decontamination against VX. OPH genes had been cloned and over expressed in Escherichia coli by other researchers. However, a common problem has been that of a low expression level. In this study, batch cultures in both complex (e.g., Lauria Broth) and minimal (succinate) media as well as high cell density cultures ... |
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| Development of Self-Decontaminating Textiles With Microporous Membranes |
JAN 2002 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
John Walker; Heidi Schreuder-Gibson; Walter Yeomans; Francis Hoskin; Tu-chen Cheng; Ray Yin; Craig Hill; ARMY NATICK SOLDIER CENTER MA
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| Recently a number of compounds have been synthesized that can catalytically break down chemical warfare agents including G-type agents, VX and mustard. These compounds, including enzymes and polyoxometalates display significant level of hydrolytic and/or oxidative activity against a wide spectrum of chemical warfare agents. Multispectral protection could be achieved if appropriate catalysts were combined into a clothing system. However, these compounds have been difficult to incorporate into textiles for use ... |
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| POTENTIAL FOR ENZYMATIC DECONTAMINATION OF NON-PROTEINACEOUS TOXINS. |
21 MAR 1989 |
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| Authors:
Tu-chen Cheng; Joseph J. Defrank; CHEMICAL RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT AND ENGINEERING CENTER ABERDEEN PROVING GROUND MD
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 | IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ANY ENZYME SYSTEM A NUMBER OF IMPORTANT PARAMETERS WILL NEED TO BE TAKEN INTO CONSIDERATION. THESE INCLUDE THE AVAILABILITY OF THE ENZYMES, THEIR STABILITY IN USE AND STORAGE, AND THEIR COMPATABILITY WITH OTHER COMPONENTS OF A POTENTIAL GENERIC DECON FORMULATION. FOR THOSE REASONS THE USE OF MICROORGANISMS (ESPECIALLY THERMOPHILIC BACTERIA AND FUNGI) FOR ENRICHMENT STUDIES, AND ENZYME (AND COFACTOR) IMMOBILIZATION ARE TECHNOLOGIES WHICH APPEAR TO OFFER ... |
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