This report summarizes the first year of a 5-year program to develop physiologically and biomechanically based mathematical models that will allow the estimation of physical and cognitive performance decrements from blunt trauma and inhalation insult. The main objectives of this research effort are as follows: (1) to develop advanced lung models that include multi-scale mechanical, anatomical, functional, and patho-physiological components to predict the acute trauma and performance decrement due to ...