| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report. Volume 19, Number 8 |
Aug 2012 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Francis L O'Donnell; John F Brundage; Ellen R Wertheimer; Denise S Olive; Leslie L Clark; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
 | Viruses are the most common causes of meningitis, a condition characterized by inflammation of the protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. During the 10-year surveillance period, there were 3,205 confirmed cases, 724 probable cases, and 2,495 suspected cases of viral meningitis among active and reserve component members. In all three categories of cases, the most common diagnoses were meningitis due to enteroviruses; however a majority of these ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report. Volume 19, Number 7 |
Jul 2012 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Francis L O'Donnell; John F Brundage; Ellen R Wertheimer; Denise S Olive; Leslie L Clark; Bryant Webber; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report. Volume 19, Number 6 |
Jun 2012 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Francis L O'Donnell; John F Brundage; Ellen R Wertheimer; Denise S Olive; Leslie L Clark; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report. Volume 19, Number 5 |
May 2012 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Francis L O'Donnell; John F Brundage; Ellen R Wertheimer; Denise S Olive; Leslie L Clark; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 19, Number 2, February 2012 |
Feb 2012 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Francis L O'Donnell; John F Brundage; Ellen R Wertheimer; Denise S Olive; Leslie L Clark; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Suicide is a leading cause of deaths of U.S. service members. Medical care providers may play a role in suicide prevention. We summarized the outpatient experiences of service members prior to suicide or self-infl icted injury and compared them with service members without suicidal behavior. During 2001-2010, 45 percent of individuals who completed suicide and 75 percent of those who injured themselves had outpatient encounters within 30 days prior to ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report. Volume 18, Number 10 |
Oct 2011 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
John F Brundage; Ellen R Wertheimer; Denise S Olive; Leslie L Clark; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| CONTENTS: Relationships between increasing outpatient encounters for neurological disorders and introductions of associated diagnostic codes, active duty military service members, 1998-2010; Alcohol-related diagnoses, active component, U.S. Armed Forces, 2001-2010; Update: Cold weather injuries, U.S. Armed Forces, July 2006-June 2011; Surveillance Snapshot: Reportable medical events of heat injury in relation to heat index, June-September 2011; Deployment-related conditions of special surveillance interest (summary tables and figures) |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report. Volume 17, Number 5, May 2010 |
May 2010 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
John F Brundage; Ellen R Wertheimer; Leslie L Clark; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by the complete or near-complete cessation of airfl ow during sleep due to obstruction of the upper airway. Common symptoms of OSA include snoring, choking or gasping during sleep, insomnia, morning headache, and daytime sleepiness. Risk factors for the development of OSA include obesity, increasing age, male gender, and smoking. OSA has a significant public health impact due to its co-occurrence with other health-related ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 16, Number 2, February 2009 |
Feb-2009 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Steven Tobler; Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Robert F DeFraites; Robert J Lipnick; Tracy S DuVernoy; Ellen Wertheimer; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| This report describes the natures and frequencies of mental disorder-related medical encounters of active component U.S. service members before and after their first deployment to Afghanistan or Iraq. In addition, the report assesses relationships between natures and timing of predeployment and postdeployment mental disorder-related medical encounters. The findings may inform policies and practices regarding predeployment medical assessments of future deploying service members. |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 16, Number 01, January 2009 |
Jan-2009 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Steven Tobler; Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Robert F DeFraites; Robert J Lipnick; Tracy S DuVernoy; Ellen Wertheimer; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| According to the 2005 DoD Survey of Health Related Behaviors, 61% of men and 39% of women serving in the active component of the U.S. military had a body mass index above 25 kg/m2 and thus were nominally ?overweight?. Twelve percent of active service members were nominally obese (BMI30 kg/m2), up from less than 5% in 1995. Stress and return from deployment were the most frequently cited reasons for recent ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 15, Number 10, December 2008 |
Dec-2008 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Steven K Tobler; Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Robert F DeFraites; Tracy S DuVernoy; Ellen Wertheimer; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| In the U.S. Military Health System (MHS), traumatic brain injury (TBI) is defined as traumatically induced structural injury and/or physiological disruption of brain function as a result of an external force that is indicated by new onset or worsening of at least one of the following clinical signs, immediately following the event: any period of loss of or decreased level of consciousness; any loss of memory for events immediately before ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 15, Number 9, November 2008 |
Nov-2008 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Steven Tobler; Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Robert F DeFraites; Tracy S DuVernoy; Ellen Wertheimer; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Eye injuries range in severity from minor scratches and bruises to serious trauma resulting in blindness. Eye injuries cause significant morbidity among military members. A review of Army, Navy and Air Force Safety Center data from 1988-1998 indicated that an eye injury results in an average 5.9 days of work lost and $6,295 in treatment costs. Studies of eye injuries during peacetime document that the majority of hospitalized cases are ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 15, Number 8, October 2008 |
Oct-2008 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Steven Tobler; Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Robert F DeFraites; Robert J Lipnick; Tracy S DuVernoy; Ellen Wertheimer; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Prolonged and/or intense exposures to cold can significantly impact the health, well-being and operational effectiveness of service members and their units. Because U.S. military operations are conducted in diverse geographic and weather conditions, the U.S. military has developed extensive countermeasures against threats associated with training and operating in cold environments. In recent years, rates of hospitalization for cold weather-related injuries of U.S. military members have generally declined - at least ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 15, Number 6, July-August 2008 |
Aug-2008 |
37 pages |
| Authors:
Steven Tobler; Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Robert F DeFraites; Ellen Wertheimer; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Since October 1985, the U.S. military has conducted routine screening for antibodies to HIV-1 among civilian applicants for U.S. military service. Since 1986, all members of the active and reserve components of the U.S. Armed Forces have been periodically screened for antibodies to HIV-1. This report summarizes prevalences and trends of HIV-1 antibody seropositivity among civilian applicants for military service and members of the active and reserve components of the ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 15, Number 5, June 2008 |
Jun-2008 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Steven Tobler; Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Robert F DeFraites; Ellen Wertheimer; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Throughout history, military populations have been at high risk of acute respiratory illnesses. In the U.S. military, acute respiratory illnesses are leading causes of hospitalizations and ambulatory visits of service members. Upper respiratory infectious illnesses are extremely common among U.S. service members, particularly among recruits and during fall-winter cold and influenza seasons. Upper respiratory illnesses are among the leading causes of medical encounters and limited duty dispositions of service members. ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 15, Number 4, May 2008 |
May-2008 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
Steven Tobler; Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Robert F DeFraites; Ellen Wertheimer; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance first identified during pregnancy. During the past 10 years, among women serving in active components of the U.S Armed Forces, the proportion of first pregnancies (according to military medical records) that were complicated by GDM has more than doubled, from 3.3 to 8.1 percent. This may be associated with improved screening for GDM, increasing maternal age at first pregnancy, documented increases ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 15, Number 2, February/March 2008 |
Mar-2008 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
Steven Tobler; Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Robert F DeFraites; Ellen Wertheimer; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Throughout history, heat-related injuries have posed significant threats to the health and operational effectiveness of military members. Decades of operational lessons learned and numerous research studies have resulted in doctrine, equipment, and training methods that significantly reduce the adverse effects of heat on U.S. military activities. Still, physical exertion in hot environments causes hundreds of (occasionally fatal) injuries among U.S. service members. This report summarizes heat injury-related medical events among ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 7, Number 3, March 2001 |
Mar-2001 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Loren Erickson; Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Yvette E Smith; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Since 1995, the Army Medical Surveillance Activity has reported periodically on the occurrence of heat injuries in the US Army. Assessments of trends, seasonality, and demographic correlates of heat injury risk may help target prevention efforts at high-risk activities, settings, and subgroups. This analysis summarizes heat injuries among active duty soldiers from 1998-2000. Methods. All data were derived from the Defense Medical Surveillance System. Records of all hospitalizations, outpatient visits, ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 7, Number 2, February 2001 |
Feb-2001 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Mark V Rubertone; Loren Erickson; John F Brundage; Yvette E Smith; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Infectious mononucleosis is an acute infectious illness that is characterized by fever, sore throat, diffuse lymphadenopathy, and fatigue that typically lasts for 1-2 months. It is estimated that more than 90% of classic infectious mononucleosis cases are caused by Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), a member of the herpes virus family. The incubation period is generally 4-6 weeks. EBV is shed in the saliva of infected, but not necessarily symptomatic, carriers. EBV ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 7, Number 1, January 2001 |
Jan-2001 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Mark V Rubertone; Loren Erickson; John F Brundage; Yvette E Smith; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| As the most prevalent arthropod-transmitted disease in the world, malaria poses one of the most significant threats to the health and operational effectiveness of deployed military forces. Since the end of the cold war, deployments of US military forces have increased in numbers and expanded in geographic scope. As a result, US soldiers are now exposed to malaria risks more frequently and in more regions of the world than in ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 6, Number 9, November 2000 |
Nov-2000 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Mark V Rubertone; Loren Erickson; John F Brundage; Yvette E Smith; Kimmie F Kohlhase; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Firearm injuries are a major threat to the health of young adult Americans. In 1994 in the United States, for example, there were 38,505 firearm related deaths and approximately three nonfatal injuries for every death. Approximately one-third of all firearm-related deaths were among persons between 15 and 24 years old,1 the age range of approximately 40% of active duty soldiers. Military personnel must be prepared to use firearms safely and ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 6, Number 8, September/October 2000 |
Oct-2000 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Mark V Rubertone; Loren Erickson; John F Brundage; Yvette E Smith; Kimmie F Kohlhase; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths among women. During the year 2000 in the United States, it is estimated that 183,000 new cases of breast cancer will be diagnosed and nearly 41,000 women will die from the disease. Early detection is the best weapon in the fight against breast cancer since early detection leads to early diagnosis. Ninety percent of women whose breast cancers are detected ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 6, Number 7, August 2000 |
Aug-2000 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Mark V Rubertone; Loren Erickson; John F Brundage; Yvette E Smith; Kimmie F Kohlhase; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Body mass index (BMI) is a standardized measure of relative weight to height. The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) of the National Institutes of Health has published guidelines for using BMIs to categorize soldiers as underweight (18.5), normal weight (18.5 to 24.9), overweight (25.0 to 29.9) or obese (30.0).1 Obesity generally and high BMIs specifically have been associated with adverse health effects, including exercise-related injuries and osteoarthritis. Musculoskeletal ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 6, Number 6, July 2000 |
Jul-2000 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Mark V Rubertone; Loren Erickson; John F Brundage; Yvette E Smith; Kimmie F Kohlhase; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Between 27 and 28 April 2000, 127 basic trainees at Fort Benning, Georgia, were admitted to Martin Army Community Hospital (MACH) with febrile upper respiratory illnesses. One hundred twelve (88%) of them were from a single training company. More than half (54%) of the trainees of the most affected company were hospitalized. Although all hospitalized trainees had been immunized against influenza, rapid diagnostic tests for influenza A/B were positive in ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 6, Number 5, May/June 2000 |
Jun-2000 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Yvette E Smith; Kimmie F Kohlhase; Robert F DeFraites; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Skin cancers, including nonmelanomas and melanomas, are the most common malignancies in the United States. Nonmelanoma skin cancers, predominantly basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas, account for 95% of all skin cancer cases. The American Cancer Society (ACS) predicts that this year there will be 1 million new cases of nonmelanoma and 2,000 deaths attributable to it in the United States. Melanoma, the most lethal form of skin cancer, causes ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 6, Number 3, March 2000 |
Mar-2000 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Yvette E Smith; Kimmie F Kohlhase; Robert F DeFraites; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Heat-related illnesses occur in previously healthy young adults as a consequence of prolonged exertion in the heat. Military servicemembers are particularly vulnerable to heat-related illnesses because they often perform strenuous work under heat stressful conditions. The US Army Institute of Environmental Medicine has developed guidelines for work-rest cycles and fluid replacement volumes during work in heat stressful conditions (table 1). The guidelines were designed to maximize work capacity while minimizing ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 6, Number 2, February 2000 |
Feb-2000 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Robert F DeFraite; Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Kimmie F Kohlhase; Yvette E Smith; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| In October 1999, a team of seven soldiers and civilians traveled to Honduras to conduct an inspection mission. All team members were experienced travelers and all had been to Central or South America previously. The team did not seek medical advice prior to its departure. This report describes an outbreak of malaria among the inspection team's members approximately four to six weeks after their return to the United States. Case ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 6, Number 1, January 2000 |
Jan-2000 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Yvette E Smith; Kimmie F Kohlhase; Robert F DeFraite; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| During much of the twentieth century (especially during mobilizations for war), there were frequent large outbreaks of meningococcal (MGC) disease among US soldiers. Soldiers in recruit camps were particularly affected. In the late 1960s, researchers from the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research developed a monovalent (serogroup C) MGC vaccine. By the fall of 1971, all enlisted soldiers in the US Army were receiving serogroup C MGC vaccine during the ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 5, Number 8, December 1999 |
Dec-1999 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Yvette E Smith; Kimmie F Kohlhase; Robert F DeFraites; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| For centuries, malaria has been a consistent and significant threat to the health and operational effectiveness of military forces. Malaria remains endemic throughout the tropics and continues to emerge in regions of the world that were recently considered malaria-free. For example, in 1993, Plasmodium vivax malaria reemerged in Korea, and its incidence in both civilian and military populations has increased steadily. Due to the frequency and geographical scope of US ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 5, Number 7, October/November 1999 |
Nov-1999 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Yvette E Smith; Kimmie F Kohlhase; Robert F DeFraites; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| For more than three decades, the Army has conducted routine surveillance of febrile acute respiratory illnesses among trainees. However, there has been no routine surveillance of acute respiratory illnesses among soldiers in general. This report summarizes frequencies, rates, and seasonal trends of hospitalizations and ambulatory visits of active duty soldiers for acute respiratory infections and pneumonia and influenza. Methods: On a regular basis, the Army Medical Surveillance Activity (AMSA) receives ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 5, Number 6, August/September 1999 |
Sep-1999 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Kimmie F Kohlhase; Robert F DeFraites; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| The nature and severity of eye injuries depend on physical characteristics of impacting objects (e.g., mass, size, speed, hardness, sharpness), locations of impacts, and predispositions of the eye to various injuries. Corneal abrasions are the most common eye injury. They occur when small foreign objects (e.g., sand, twigs, wood shavings, metal particles) scratch the cornea. Objects with more momentum and sharpness can lacerate eyes or eyelids and create open wounds. ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 5, Number 5, June/July 1999 |
Jul-1999 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Kimmie F Kohlhase; Robert F DeFraites; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Since October 1985, all civilian applicants for US military service have been screened for antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus, type 1 (HIV-1), during preinduction medical examinations at Military Entrance Processing Stations (MEPS). In addition, since 1986, all members of the active and reserve components of the US Armed Forces have been periodically screened to detect HIV-1 infections. This report summarizes results of routine screening for HIV-1 antibodies among soldiers and ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 5, Number 4, May 1999 |
May-1999 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Kimmie F Kohlhase; Robert F DeFraites; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Acute respiratory diseases (ARD) cause significant morbidity in military populations. Training centers have traditionally been the foci of respiratory disease epidemics due to the close living conditions, the physically and psychologically stressful activities, and the multitude of pathogens brought together by these troops. For more than five decades, mass antibiotic prophylaxis has been used with success to interrupt outbreaks, to prevent serious clinical sequelae of streptococcal and meningococcal infections, to ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report MSMR). Volume 5, Number 3, April 1999 |
Apr-1999 |
33 pages |
| Authors:
Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Kimmie F Kohlhase; Robert F DeFraites; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Since the MSMR was first published four years ago, there have been significant advances in military medical surveillance. For example, Department of Defense and Joint Staff policies have institutionalized medical surveillance support of joint operations; disease reporting requirements are standardized in the Services; ambulatory visit and mortality data are integrated with hospitalization and other data in the Defense Medical Surveillance System (DMSS); and the Defense Medical Epidemiologic Database (DMED) provides ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 5, Number 2, March 1999 |
Mar-1999 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Robert F DeFraites; Kimmle F Kohlhase; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| In September 1997, the MSMR summarized the US Army's experience with regard to hyponatremia associated with heat stress and excessive water consumption (overhydration/hyponatremia). In the same issue, results of an epidemiologic investigation of a cluster of severe cases of overhydration/hyponatremia, along with recommendations to reduce the risk of this preventable, potentially life-threatening injury were reported. In April 1998, the Army revised its fluid replacement guidelines to lessen the risk of ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 5, Number 1, January/February 1999 |
Feb-1999 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Kimmie F Kohlhase; Robert F DeFraites; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| For centuries, malaria has been a consistent and significant threat to the health and operational effectiveness of military forces. It remains endemic throughout the tropics, its resistance to prophylactic and therapeutic drug regimens is widespread and expanding, and it continues to emerge in regions of the world that until recently were considered malaria-free. For example, in 1993, vivax malaria reemerged along the demilitarized zone (DMZ) in the Republic of Korea ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 4, Number 8, December 1998 |
Dec-1998 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Kimmie Kohlhase; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| For the past two years, the AMSA has periodically assessed the completeness and timeliness of reporting of notifiable medical events by comparing hospitalizations of active duty soldiers for presumed reportable conditions with reports submitted through the Army's automated reporting system. This report updates the assessment of Army performance through June 1998. In addition, this report describes major enhancements to DoD and service-specific notifiable medical events surveillance efforts and introduces procedures ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report MSMR). Volume 4, Number 7, October/November 1998 |
Nov-1998 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
John F Brundage; Kimmie Kohlhase; Mark V Ruberton; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Between 27 August and 1 September 1998, 99 soldiers assigned to the Fort Bliss Air Defense Artillery Training Center in El Paso, Texas were hospitalized for acute gastroenteritis (AGE). In order of descending frequency, their symptoms were acute onset of nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea and fever (table 1). Initial clinical evaluations suggested the diagnosis of acute viral gastroenteritis. The median duration of hospitalizations was 24 hours (range: 12-72 hours). ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 4, Number 6, September 1998 |
Sep-1998 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Kimmie Kohlhase; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Operation Cobra Gold is a combined/joint air, land, maritime, amphibious and special operations exercise that is conducted biennially in Thailand. In 1998, the Cobra Gold exercise was conducted by a task force composed of Thai and US (Air Force, Army, Marine, and Navy) forces. The major field training portion of Cobra Gold 98 (CG98) took place in May. A Theater Medical Surveillance Team (TMST) from the Navy and a Theater ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 4, Number 4, May/June 1998 |
Jun-1998 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Lisa Pearse; Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Kimmile Kohlhase; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| The Army Medical Surveillance Activity (AMSA) periodically assesses the completeness and timeliness of reporting of notifiable diseases/conditions. The methodology of the assessment has been described in previous MSMRs. In brief, for defined periods, records of hospitalizations of active duty soldiers were searched to identify those with principal discharge diagnostic codes indicative of reportable diseases/conditions. These records were then compared to reports received through the Army's automated notifiable diseases reporting system ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 4, Number 3, April 1998 |
Apr-1998 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Lisa Pearse; Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Kimmie Kohlhase; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Hospitalizations, general: In 1997, there were 30,761 hospitalizations of active duty soldiers in US military hospitals worldwide. The overall hospitalization rate was 63.8 per 1000 soldiers per year which was less than 60% of the 1996 rate and less than half the rate in 1995. Figures 1-4 show steep declines in rates in 1997, overall and in all gender, age, and race-defined subgroups, compared to more gradual declines through earlier ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 4, Number 2, February/March 1998 |
Mar-1998 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Lisa Pearse; Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Kimmie Kohlhase; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Numerous studies over many years 1-3 have documented the medical (e.g., hospitalizations, medical disability discharges) and military operational (e.g., disruption of training) impacts of back pain among soldiers. For this report, the Army Medical Surveillance Activity (AMSA) reviewed the recent hospitalization experience of active duty soldiers with regards to thoracic or lumbar back pain of unspecified etiology. For calendar years 1990 through 1997, records of hospitalizations of active duty soldiers ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 4, Number 1, January 1998 |
Jan-1998 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Lisa Pearse; Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Kimmie Kohlhase; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| In the Army and DoD, there is increasing emphasis on the management of medical resources (including clinical infectious disease and microbiologic diagnostic resources). At the same time, as part of national and international efforts, the DoD is attempting to enhance its capabilities to detect, assess, and respond to emerging infectious diseases. The diagnosis fever of unknown origin (FUO) is properly used for cases in which the cause of a temperature ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 3, Number 9, December 1997 |
Dec-1997 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Lisa Pearse; Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Kimmie Kohlhase; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Spontaneous or pathologic fractures are those that occur in the absence of trauma sufficient to disrupt the integrity of normal bone. Spontaneous fractures can be thought of as opportunistic fractures since they occur in bones that are weakened, for example, by tumors, nutritional or metabolic abnormalities, or prior injury (e.g., fracture, surgical repair). In an otherwise healthy adult, a spontaneous fracture can occur as an unusual manifestation of the adaptive ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 3, Number 8, November 1997 |
Nov-1997 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Lisa Pearse; Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Kimmie Kohlhase; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| Prior to the availability and routine use of vaccines against them, adenovirus serotypes 4 and 7 caused recurrent large outbreaks among military basic trainees. Recently, the sole manufacturer of adenovirus vaccines discontinued their production. In order to extend the availability of remaining vaccine stocks, the military services limited their routine use to the relatively high risk fall and winter seasons. In May 1997, the Preventive Medicine staffs at Forts Jackson ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 3, Number 7, October 1997 |
Oct-1997 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Lisa Pearse; Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Kimmie Kohlhase; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
|
| When varicella zoster virus (VZV) infects healthy children, it generally causes chickenpox, a mild self-limited febrile illness with a characteristic vesicular rash. VZV infections of older or immunocompromised hosts can have more serious clinical consequences (e.g., primary VZV pneumonia). 1 Primary VZV infection generally results in lifelong immunity against chickenpox recurrences ? and latent infection of dorsal root ganglia. Reactivation of VZV later in life causes herpes zoster (shingles) a ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 3, Number 6, September 1997 |
Sep-1997 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Lisa Pearse; Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Kimmie Kohlhase; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
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| On 16 July 1997, the preventive medicine activity at Fort Benning, Georgia, notified the Army Medical Surveillance Activity (AMSA) of four cases of hyposmolality among basic infantry trainees - one case was fatal and another required intensive medical care. In response, the AMSA contacted other basic training posts to alert them to the cases at Fort Benning and to assess the experience at other installations. This survey revealed three recent ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 3, Number 5, July/August 1997 |
Aug-1997 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Kimmie Kohlhase; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
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| Plasmodium vivax malaria re-emerged along the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) in the Republic of Korea in 1993. In 1996, between June and September, twelve cases occurred among US soldiers in Korea; and at least two cases presented in the United States among soldiers who had served in Korea the previous transmission season. In the late summer of 1996, a multi-disciplinary Epidemiologic Consultation (EPICON) team and Army preventive medicine authorities in Korea ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 3, Number 4, June 1997 |
Jun-1997 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Kimmie Kohlhase; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
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| In December 1995, the United States deployed a joint task force to Bosnia as part of a multinational peacekeeping mission called Operation Joint Endeavor (OJE). Daily, during the operation, data regarding hospitalizations of US soldiers were transmitted electronically to the Patient Administration Systems and Biostatistics Activity (PASBA) in San Antonio, Texas. In turn, PASBA periodically transmitted deployment hospitalization data to the Army Medical Surveillance Activity (AMSA) for integration with data ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 3, Number 3, April 1997 |
Apr-1997 |
25 pages |
| Authors:
Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Kimmie Kohlhase; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
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| This issue marks the beginning of the MSMR's third year of reporting Army-wide medical surveillance information. Each April, the MSMR summarizes hospitalization and reportable disease experiences during the previous calendar year. In this anniversary issue, the MSMR introduces new disease and injury summaries that will be useful for tracking effects of Army disease and injury prevention and control programs. The Army requires central reporting of 97 diseases/conditions with public health ... |
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| Medical Surveillance Monthly Report (MSMR). Volume 3, Number 2, March 1997 |
Mar-1997 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Bruce H Jones; Sharon L Ludwig; Mark V Rubertone; John F Brundage; Kimmie Kohlhase; Stephen C Craig; Bill C Hewitson; Cynthia R Towle; ARMED FORCES HEALTH SURVEILLANCE CENTER SILVER SPRING MD
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| The Army Medical Surveillance Activity assessed rates, trends, and correlates of risk of pneumonia hospitalizations among active duty soldiers during the period January 1990 through September 1996. Records of hospitalizations of solders (source: PASBA, Fort Sam Houston, Texas) were searched to identify those with a principal discharge diagnosis of pneumonia (International Classification of Diseases, 9th revision, codes 480-487) or a principal diagnosis of acute respiratory infection, e.g. pharyngitis, laryngitis, bronchitis, ... |
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