| Modeling Casualty Sustainment During Peacekeeping Operations |
09 OCT 2003 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
G. J. Walker; Christopher G. Blood; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
 | Casualty forecasts for peacekeeping operations allow assessment of the medical resources and personnel needed to support these missions. This report develops a methodology for estimating the casualties that will occur in such operations. Data were extracted from electronic sources detailing the duration, force size and fatalities for United Nations peacekeeping missions, and killed-in-action (KIA) rates were then computed Accounts of peacekeeping incidents in which casualties were sustained were recorded and ... |
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| Projection of Patient Condition Code Distributions Based on Mechanism of Injury |
2003 |
16 pages |
| Authors:
James M. Zouris; G. J. Walker; Christopher G. Blood; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| The Medical Readiness and Strategic Plan 1998-2004 requires that the military services develop a method for linking real world patient load data with modern patient condition codes to enable planners to forecast medical workload and resource requirements. Medical planners and logisticians utilize modeling and simulation tools to plan for medical contingencies based on anticipated patient streams, availability of evacuation assets, mix of health care providers, adequacy of the local infrastructure ... |
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| An Assessment of the Potential for Increasing the Salvageability of Critical Combat Traumas Through First Responder Interventions |
30 JUL 2002 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher G. Blood; G. J. Walker; Ray Bias; Edmond Kay; Edward J. Carlson; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Five former first responders with battlefield experience as a corpsman/medic and subsequent medical experience after discharge each reviewed 100 clinical records of soldiers wounded in combat who subsequently died of their wounds. The former first responders were surveyed as to which, if any, present-day technologies and/or training, if made available to today's first responders, would make a difference in the salvageability of each trauma case reviewed. In an average of ... |
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| Development of Modules for the Refinement of Marine Corps Casualty Estimates |
02 JAN 2002 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
James M. Zouris; Christopher G. Blood; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Models used to project ground casualties for military operations typically provide estimates of the average number of daily casualties without indicating the magnitude of the likely casualty spikes or the specific types of illnesses and injuries that will be sustained. The expected casualty spikes are needed since resources such as hospital beds and medical personnel could be underestimated and should be based on estimates greater than the average likely patient ... |
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| Hospital Admission Rates and Lengths of Treatment Among a Conus-Based Cohort of Navy Personnel |
SEP 2001 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher G. Blood; G. J. Walker; Jinjin Zhang; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| This effort is to determine the number of individuals who may be unavailable on the eve of a hypothetical deployment due to disease and nonbattle injury (DNBI) hospital admissions. A Cohort of Navy personnel enlisting after the Fulg War (April 1991- December 1992) was defined using service history files maintained by Naval Health Research Center (NHRC) in San Diego. The length of each service member's time in the Navy was ... |
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| Projection of Patient Condition Code Distributions for Military Personnel During Nonconventional Operations |
10 OCT 2000 |
37 pages |
| Authors:
James M. Zouris; G. J. Walker; Christopher G. Blood; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| United States forces are increasingly being tasked to respond to nontraditional operations, such as humanitarian assistance, peacekeeping, or peace enforcement. Peacekeeping operations, particularly those conducted under the support of the United Nations Charter, have become more common in the post- Cold War world, as evidenced by deployment to Bosnia, Croatia, and Kosovo. In many cases these deployments are subsuming traditional military operations. To ensure successful medical support for these operations, ... |
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| A Comparison of Post-Deployment Hospitalization Incidence Between Vietnam and Gulf War Veterans |
MAR 2000 |
47 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher G. Blood; Tabatha L. Aboumrad; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Post-conflict hospital admission rates of Marine Corps units deployed to the Gulf War were compared with the rates of similar units returning from the Vietnam Conflict. Overall, and in four of the five postdeployment years, the aggregated Gulf War veterans exhibited lower hospitalization rates than did their Vietnam counterparts. Separately, the infantry and service support units deployed to the Gulf War theater had lower postdeployment hospitalization rates than did the ... |
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| A Comparison of Postdeployment Hospitalization Incidence Between Active Duty Vietnam and Gulf War Veterans |
MAR 2000 |
28 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher G. Blood; Tabatha L. Aboumrad; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGOCA OPERATIONS RESEARCH DIV
|
| Post-conflict hospital admission rates of Marine Corps units deployed to the Gulf War were compared with the rates of similar units returning from the Vietnam Conflict. Overall, and in four of the five postdeployment years, the aggregated Gulf War veterans exhibited lower hospitalization rates than did their Vietnam counterparts. Separately, the infantry and service support units deployed to the Gulf War theater had lower postdeployment hospitalization rates ... |
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| An Analysis of Hospitalization Length of Stay Within a Multi-Echelon System of Care During Combat Operations |
22 SEP 1999 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
G. J. Walker; Christopher G. Blood; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Hospitalization records were reviewed for Marine Corps casualties sustained during the Vietnam War, and lengths of stay at each level of care were calculated for over 86,000 patients. Wounded in action (WIA) casualties had a total mean length of stay of 69.9 days compared to 21.2 days for disease and non-battle injury (DNBI) admissions. The median lengths of stay were 38 days for WIA and 10 days ... |
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| Projection of Patient Condition Code Distributions During Ground Operations |
JUN 1999 |
56 pages |
| Authors:
G. J. Walker; James M. Zouris; Christopher G. Blood; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGOCA OPERATIONS RESEARCH DIV
|
| Estimates of the distribution of medical admissions by patient condition (PC) code are a key component in forecasting adequate resources to meet the medical needs of combat operations. This study examined medical admissions incurred during previous combat operations going back to World War II for battle injuries, non-battle injuries and disease casualties. Within the injury categories, the observed incidence was analyzed by traumatism type and anatomical region, with the percentages ... |
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| A Comparison of Post-Deployment Hospitalization Incidence Between Vietnam and Gulf War Veterans |
MAR 1999 |
9 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher G. Blood; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| The possibility exists that, if there is a link between the health problems of some veterans and their deployment to the Gulf War theater of operations, the linkage is exposure to war in general rather than exposure to environmental agents specific to the Gulf War. The present investigation seeks to examine this possibility by contrasting the post-deployment hospitalization incidence of Gulf War veterans with the ... |
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| The Patient Flow of Marine Disease and Non-Battle Injury Conditions within a Multi-Echelon System of Care |
12 JUN 1998 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
G. J. Walker; Christopher G. Blood; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGOCA OPERATIONS RESEARCH DIV
|
| Hospitalization data were extracted for Marines who incurred disease and non-battle injuries in Vietnam from 1965 through 1969, and the echelon flow of treatment care for different types of injuries was examined. The inter- echelon movement of each patient who was hospitalized at an Echelon II or III facility was tracked until the treatment was completed or until the patient was moved to a continental ... |
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| Using the Ground Forces Casualty Forecasting System (FORECAS) to Project Casualty Sustainment |
25 SEP 97 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher G. Blood; James M. Zouris; Daniel Rotblatt; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| The FORECAS planning tool was designed to assist medical requirements specialists in determining the resource needs of specific ground combat operations. The FORECAS tool provides projections of wounded-in- action, killed- in-action, and diseaselnonbanle injury incidence for infantry, support, and service support troops under various combat conditions. FORECAS was constructed in two phases: development of a simulation tool that reflects the statistical trends observed in previous combat scenario, and assessment and ... |
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| A Medical Planning Tool for Projecting the Required Casualty Evacuation Assets in a Military Theater of Operations |
02 JUN 1997 |
36 pages |
| Authors:
Serge A. Matheny; David C. Keith; Scott C. Sundstrom; Christopher G. Blood; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Military medical readiness for ground combat operations requires projections of the evacuation assets needed to transport the casualties incurred through the various echelons of medical care. The OPTEVAC planning tool was designed to minimize the required evacuation assets by providing the optimal deployment locations of these transportation assets. This simulation tool utilizes information on the expected casualty rates, the size of theater, the desired troop deployment node and medical treatment ... |
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| Using the Shipboard Casualty Projection System (SHIPCAS) to Forecast Ship Hits and Casualty Sustainment |
02 APR 97 |
20 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher G. Blood; Jeffrey S. Marks; Lieu P. Le; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Medical resource planning for naval combat operations requires projections of the numbers of casualties that may be incurred by shipboard forces. These casualty projections are required inputs to models that forecast the beds, medical equipment, evacuation assets, and health care personnel needed to support an operation. Because the logistics of shipboard casualty evacuation can be problematic, reliable estimates of the medical resources needed aboard ships are critical to the timely ... |
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| Incorporating Adversary-Specific Adjustments into the FORECAS Ground Casualty Projection Model |
DEC 96 |
66 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher G. Blood; Dan Rotblatt; Jeffrey S. Marks; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| The FORECAS ground casualty projection tool was designed to forecast the numbers of wounded and killed likely to be incurred among Marines and originally based its casualty estimates on those observed in previous combat operations. Adversary-specific adjustments to the casualty projections were required, however, to reflect the degrees of parity between U.S. forces and future potential enemy forces within two domains: (1) combat motivation, and (2) weapons capabilities. A Subject ... |
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| Shipboard Casualty Forecasting: Adjustments to Ship Hit Probabilities |
30 JUL 96 |
27 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher G. Blood; Jeffrey S. Marks; Michael S. Odowick; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Adjustment factors needed to contemporize World War Il-based hit probabilities of the SHIPCAS casualty projection model were investigated. Subject Matter Experts provided quantitive responses corresponding to the perceived shifts in hit probability associated with each present-day weapon system when compared to the baseline hit rate. The largest projected increases in hit probability were associated with submarine-launched guided missiles and submarine launched torpedos with passive homing systems. Hit probabilities associated with ... |
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| Casualty Sustainment During Naval Warfare: Adjustments to World War II- Based Projections |
20 DEC 95 |
32 pages |
| Authors:
Jeffrey S. Marks; Christopher G. Blood; Patricia A. Gilman; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Projections for the shipboard casualty projection model, SHIPCAS, were updated by adjusting parameters to reflect advances in weapon systems and ship structural changes. The adjustments were derived from the responses of a subject matter expert (SME) panel which examined the factors associated with potential weapon strikes on contemporary ships and quantified the likely casualty sustainment relative to attacks occurring in the past. Modern ship structural improvements were thought to contribute ... |
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| The Optimal Placement of Casualty Evacuation Assets: A Linear Programming Model |
DEC 95 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Scott C. Sundstrom; Christopher G. Blood; Serge A. Matheny; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Through the use of linear programming techniques, the optimal number and positioning of air and ground ambulances within a theater of operations may be determined to ensure the orderly transport of casualties from the front lines to third echelon medical treatment facilities. The Probabilistic Location Set Covering Problem has been chosen as the core module for a linear programming model to assist in these determinations. The Optimal Placement of Casualty ... |
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| Casualty Incidence during Naval Combat Operations. A Matter of Medical Readiness |
16 MAR 1995 |
8 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher G. Blood; Richard T. Jolly; Michael S. Odowick; NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT COMMAND SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Ship attack rates and shipboard casualty incidence were examined for naval operations from four conflicts: United States (U.S.) forces in World War II, United Kingdom (U.K.) forces in World War II, U.S. forces in the Korean Conflict, and U.K. forces in the Falklands Conflict. The hit rate on U.K. warships for the convoys examined was 4.29 per 100 ship-days; the hit rate on the merchant vessels being escorted was 5.75. ... |
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| Using the SHIPCAS Projection System to Simulate Casualty and Illness Rates Among Forces Afloat |
DEC 94 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Michael S. Odowick; Christopher G. Blood; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| A shipboard casualty projection system (SHIPCAS) has been developed. This paper provides the statistical foundation of SHIPCAS and a guide to use of the projection system. Casualty data were extracted from eighty U.S. naval operations during World War II. The statistical distributions of hit rates, WIA, KIA, and DNBI incidence were analyzed by battle intensity, weapon system, and ship type; this data provides the basis for ship hit and casualty ... |
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| An Analysis of Injury Distribution Characteristics for Selected Ground Operations |
03 AUG 94 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Eleanor D. Gauker; Marlisa E. Anderson; Christopher G. Blood; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Medical admission data was analyzed for seven military operations: Desert storm/Shield; Operation Just Cause; Operation Corporate; Operation Urgent Fury; operations in Lebanon; the Vietnam War; and the Korean Conflict. Frequency and percentage distributions by injury type and anatomy were determined for all operations. Chi-square analyses were performed to compare injury types among the more recent combat operations. The distribution of injury types showed variability among all operations with significant variability ... |
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| A Simulation Program to Project Casualty and Illness Rates |
AUG 94 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Edward R. O'Donnell; Christopher G. Blood; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| A ground casualty projection system (FORECAS) hass been developed to provide medical planners with estimates of expected daily arrivals of disease and non-battle injuries, wounded-in-action, and killed-in-action rates. Statistical characteristics of these rates are used as a basis from which the simulations are developed. By displaying the dispersion, range, and other statistical properties of casualty and illness data, FORECAB graphically depicts the potential patient flows within a theater of operations. ... |
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| A Bivariate Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Analysis of Combat Troop Casualty Rates |
FEB 94 |
17 pages |
| Authors:
Edward R. O'Donnell; Christopher G. Blood; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Mathematical modelling of medical resource requirements during military operations requires analyzing the underlying relationships between Disease and Non-Battle Injury (DNBI) rates and Wounded-In-Action (WIA) rates. DNBI and WIA data were extracted from Marine Corps unit diaries for a 150-day period of the Korean War and from a go day period of the Okinawa operation during World War 2 and a 123 day period of the war in Vietnam. The time ... |
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| Projections of Battlefield Medical Casualties Among U. S. Marine Forces for Various Theaters of Operations |
94 |
69 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher G. Blood; Eleanor D. Gauker; Marlisa E. Anderson; Michael S. Odowick; Edward R. ODonnell; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Wounded-in-action (WIA), Killed-in-action (KIA), and disease/ nonbattle injury (DNBI) data were extracted from the records of military operations spanning four decades to project casualty and illness rates for various operational scenarios. The resulting empirically-derived rates of casualties and illnesses were adjusted to reflect differences in terrain, weather, and disease incidence for various operational theaters. Projected rates of casualty incidence were highest in Southwest Asia, followed by East Asia and Europe. ... |
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| Amicicide at Sea: Friendly Fire Incidents During World War II Naval Operations |
DEC 93 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Eleanor D. Gauker; Christopher G. Blood; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| When U.S. ships become victims of 'friendly fire,' or amicicide, the cost is high both in human and operational terms. Incidents in which U.S. Ships were damaged or sunk by Allied gunfire during World War II were identified and classified by scenario and ship type. Frequencies of wounded-in-action (WIA) and killed-in-action (KIA) were compiled. Fifty-three incidents of amicicide at sea resulted in 438 WIA and l86 KIA. Forty of the ... |
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| The Battle for Hue: Casualty and Disease Rates during Urban Warfare |
AUG 93 |
15 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher G. Blood; Marlisa E. Anderson; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Daily rates of casualty and illness incidence sustained in the re- taking of the city of Hue during the North Vietnamese Tet Offensive of 1968 were examined. The daily wounded rate for the U.S. Marine battalions involved was 17. 5 per 1,000 strength, and ranged from 1.6 to 45.5. The killed-inaction rate per 1,000 strength per day was 2.2, and ranged from 0.0 to 9.6. The wounded rate during the ... |
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| Comparisons of Medical Presentation and Admission Rates During Various Combat Operations |
JUN 93 |
30 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher G. Blood; Eleanor D. Gauker; Rick Jolly; William M. Pugh; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Daily rates of casualty and illness incidence were analyzed and compared for four ground operations: Okinawa, Korea, Vietnam, and the Falklands. Daily admission rates of wounded-in-action (WIA) for combat troops ranged from 1.61 to 5.54 per 1000 strength. The killed-in-action (KIA) rates of combat troops ranged from 0.2 to 1.35. Disease and non-battle injury (DNBI) admission rates among combat troops ranged from 0.99 to 4.03 per 1000 strength per day. ... |
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| Distribution Characteristics of Marine Corps Casualty and Illness Rates |
01 APR 93 |
21 pages |
| Authors:
Edward R. O'Donnell; Christopher G. Blood; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Disease and Non-Battle Injury (DNBI), Wounded in Action (WIA), and Killed in Action (KIA) rates were examined from Marine Corps unit diaries for a 150-day period of the Korean War. Statistical analyses were performed to ascertain the statistical distribution best representative of each of the rates. DNBI rates fell into a lognormal and normal distribution for combat and combat support troops, respectively. The rates for the WIA incidence best approximated ... |
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| A Descriptive Analysis of Wounds Among U.S. Marines Treated at Second Echelon Facilities in the Kuwaiti Theater of Operations |
SEP 92 |
11 pages |
| Authors:
Craig S. Leedham; Christopher G. Blood; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Medical data from 120 U.S. Marines Corps trauma admissions to second echelon facilities during Operation Desert Shield/Storm were examined. Sixty- five percent of the admissions occurred between February 22 and February 28, the time frame corresponding to the ground war and the preliminary mobilization period. Penetrating wounds were the most prevalent type of injury, followed by lacerations, open fractures, and closed fractures. The most frequent anatomical regions sustaining injuries were ... |
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| Casualty Rates Among Naval Forces Ashore |
APR 92 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher G. Blood; Marlisa E. Anderson; Eleanor D. Gauker; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Casualty rates for naval forces ashore across varying battle intensities were requested as input to medical and manpower planning models. Casualty data of first and second echelon medical personnel, as well as construction battalions. participating In World War II amphibious assaults, Korea, and Vietnam were extracted from archival sources. Casualty rates among naval ground forces fluctuated with battle intensity. The rate during intense combat was 15 per 1000-per day among ... |
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| The Relationship between Battle Intensity and Disease Rates Among Marine Corps Infantry Units |
MAR 92 |
23 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher G. Blood; Eleanor D. Gauker; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Disease and Non-Battle Injury (DNBI) rates were examined in conjunction with casualty rates across two Marine Corps operational scenarios, the assault on Okinawa and the Korean War. Both operations saw wide fluctuations in the daily and weekly Wounded-In-Action (WIA) and Killed-In-Action (KIA) rates. DNBI rates increased significantly with battle intensity among Marine infantry battalions involved in the Okinawa assault. The DNBI rates for low, moderate, and high intensities during the ... |
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| Severity of Battle Injuries Occurring Aboard U.S. Naval Warships |
MAR 92 |
13 pages |
| Authors:
Eleanor D. Gauker; Christopher G. Blood; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| To measure wound severity, the number of sick days related to battle injuries sustained by forces afloat during World War II was determined. The mean number of sick days per injury was 53.14. Seventeen percent of wounded crew members were treated and returned to duty on the same day, while an additional 12 percent spent one to three days on the sick list. Analyses of variance and covariance were performed ... |
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| Comparisons of Wartime and Peacetime Disease and Non-Battle Injury Rates Aboard Ships of the British Royal Navy |
JUN 91 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher G. Blood; William M. Pugh; Dianna M. Pearsall; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Disease and non-battle injury rates were computed for ships of the British Royal Navy which were deployed during wartime and peacetime operations. The wartime sick list admission rates were lower aboard carriers, battleships, and cruisers when compared with their counterparts deployed in peacetime. The illness rate differences for battleships and cruisers were statistically significant. Several categories of disease also yielded significant differences in the wartime/peacetime contrasts. Illness rates varied by ... |
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| Analyses of Battle Casualties by Weapon Type Aboard U.S. Navy Warships |
19 FEB 91 |
24 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher G. Blood; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| The number of casualties was determined for 513 incidents involving U.S. Navy warships sunk or damaged during World War II. Ship type and weapon were significant factors in determining the numbers of wounded and killed. Multiple weapon attacks and kamikazes yielded more WIA than other weapon types. Multiple weapons and torpedos resulted in a higher incidence of KIA than other weapons. Penetrating wounds and burns were the most prominent injury ... |
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| Geographical and Temporal Variations in Outpatient Morbidity at U.S. Navy Overseas Facilities |
JUL 90 |
29 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher G. Blood; Corazon B. Nirona; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| The present investigation seeks to assess the seasonal and geographical variations among the overseas regions at which the U.S. Navy has a presence. Morbidity reports recorded during 1984 were compiled and examined by quarters for seven geographical regions which have Navy medical facilities. Illness rates per 1,000 per day were computed and reported with 95% confidence limits. |
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| Medical Resource Planning: The Need to Use a Standardized Diagnostic System |
01 DEC 89 |
136 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher G. Blood; Corazon B. Nirona; Leif S. Pederson; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Combat preparedness requires accurate projections of the medical resources that will be needed in a theater of operations. The Deployable Medical Systems (DEPMEDS) initiative projects the required medical supplies based on the anticipated frequencies of occurrence within a set of Patient Conditions (PCs). A recent investigation of Marine hospitalizations in Vietnam found that the PCs accounted for only 73 percent of the battle injuries and 63 percent of the disease ... |
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| Outpatient Illness Incidence Aboard U.S. Navy Ships during and Following the Vietnam Conflict |
APR 89 |
18 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher G. Blood; Corazon B. Nirona; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Outpatient illness rates aboard carriers and destroyers/frigates during the vietnam conflict were contrasted with rates for similar ships in the same geographical region during time frames subsequent to the cease-fire. While the difference for carriers was nonsignificant, both large and small ships had higher overall outpatient rates after the hostilities and officially ceased. Destroyers and frigates exhibited progressively higher rates in the two time periods examined after the war. Among ... |
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| Navy Medical Resource Planning: Rates of Illness for Various Operational Theaters |
89 |
45 pages |
| Authors:
Christopher G. Blood; William M. Pugh; Debra K. Griffith; Corazon B. Nirona; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| The effectiveness of the U.S. Navy and the success of the missions undertaken are greatly affected by the health of the constituent personnel. Optimal levels of readiness for forces afloat and ashore can be maintained only if the number of crewmembers incapacitated due to illness is minimized. Accordingly, a great deal of emphasis is placed on medical resource planning so that te appropriate medical personnel and supplies will be on-hand ... |
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| Shipboard Medical Department Information Flows |
11 DEC 87 |
|
| Authors:
Christopher G. Blood; Dawn M. Brand; William M. Pugh; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
 | Numerous transmissions originating within shipboard medical departments are required by U.S. Navy regulations and policies. These information flows may terminate aboard the ship, within the task force, or with external Navy commands. Medical department computerization would alleviate much of the administrative burden associated with the reporting demands. Three different procedures were used to determine the medical information processing requirements aboard ships: medical procedures manuals were reviewed, a survey was developed ... |
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| Medical Information Systems. Familiarity and Receptivity |
02 DEC 87 |
|
| Authors:
Christopher G. Blood; Dawn P. Brand; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| The administrative burden associated with Navy reporting requirements is great. The need for a shipboard medical information system to ease this burden has been documented. However, a recent study to assess medical information system needs indicated that some respondents did not feel the medical department should be computerized. The objective of this study was to determine if a relationship existed between perceived automation need and current automation status. It was ... |
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| Shipboard Medical Information System Needs Among Surface Ships |
28 AUG 87 |
|
| Authors:
Christopher G. Blood; Dawn M. Peeps-Brand; William M. Pugh; James C. Helmkamp; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Senior medical department representatives aboard U.S. Navy ships were surveyed to determine the automation needs of shipboard medical departments. Surveys were returned from the 106 medical department personnel representing fourteen types of ships. Fifteen medical functions were rated as to their perceived need. Automated functions most needed were report generator, medical supply inventory, medical reference library, pharmacy support, message formatting, and a daily task inventory. The capability of shipboard medical ... |
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| The Occurrence of Hearing Loss in a Cohort of Civilians Employed at a U. S. Navy Industrial Facility |
18 DEC 86 |
|
| Authors:
James C. Helmkamp; Carig M. Bone; Christopher G. Blood; Jan B. Kelley; Joyce H. Seidman; NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER SAN DIEGO CA
|
| Although hearing loss has been the focus of national surveys in the civilian population, these surveys typically do not include occupational exposure information. Furthermore, very few studies have addressed this problem in the military, particularly in industrial settings. Audiometric data, including hearing loss information, recorded and stored in the prototype application of the Navy's Occupational Health Information Management System (NOHIMS) has not been systematically evaluated to identify military and civilian ... |
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Reports by Author
