| Ice Thickness Observations. North American Arctic and Subarctic, 1974- 75, 1975-76 and 1976-77. Part 9 |
MAY 96 |
224 pages |
| Authors:
Michael A. Bilello; Virgil J. Lunardini; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER NH
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 | This is the ninth in a series of reports on lake and river ice and land-fast sea ice. It presents ice thickness measurements taken throughout the North American Arctic and Subarctic during the 1974-75, 1975-76 and 1976-77 winter seasons. Information on surface ice conditions, dates of first ice, freeze-over, breakup and observed maximum ice thicknesses are also included. |
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| Effects of Severe Freezing Periods and Discharge on the Formation of Ice Jams at Salmon, Idaho |
AUG 92 |
19 pages |
| Authors:
Joe E. Zufelt; Michael A. Bilello; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER NH
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| Large ice jams on the Salmon River have reached Salmon, Idaho, and resulted in major flood damage during 16 winters since the winter of 1936-37. Two recent ice jams, in February 1982 and January 1984, caused flooding that resulted in damages of $1 million and $1.8 million respectively. A detailed analysis of the winter air temperature records from 1936-37 through 1991-92 revealed a strong relationship between the duration and intensity ... |
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| Ice Thickness Observations, North American Arctic and Subarctic, 1972-73 and 1973-74 |
DEC 91 |
132 pages |
| Authors:
Michael A. Bilello; Roy E. Bates; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER NH
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| This eighth in a series of reports on lake and river ice and land- fast sea ice presents ice thickness measurements observed throughout the North American Arctic and subarctic during the 1972-73 and 1973-74 winter seasons. Information on surface ice conditions, dates of first ice, freeze-over and breakup, and detailed measurements of ice thickness across Alaskan rivers are also included. Some reports from the Alaska National Guard network on ice ... |
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| Winter Environment of the Ohio River Valley |
DEC 90 |
64 pages |
| Authors:
Steven F. Daly; Michael A. Bilello; Roy E. Bates; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER NH
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| A general survey of the winter environment of the Ohio River Valley that is relevant to river ice formation is described. Included are hydrology, topography, hydraulics and climatic conditions. The long-term monthly discharges steadily increases on the Ohio River throughout the winter season. Inspection of the charges for each day shows that it has a large short term variability during the winter, with peaks being four to six times the ... |
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| Ice Observations on the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers |
NOV 88 |
47 pages |
| Authors:
Michael A. Bilello; Lawrence W. Gatto; Steven F. Daly; John J. Gagnon; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER NH
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| Corps of Engineers and National Weather Service records of ice conditions on the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers in Pennsylvania and West Virginia were analyzed for seven recent winters. The on-ground observations recorded daily at a number of lock and dam locations were issued in the form of alphanumeric ice codes that included the coverage, type, thickness, structure and extent of river ice. These codes were used to graph ice conditions ... |
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| Ice Observations on the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers |
NOV 88 |
47 pages |
| Authors:
Michael A. Bilello; Lawrence W. Gatto; Steven F. Daly; John J. Gagnon; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER NH
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| Corps of Engineers and National Weather Service records if ice conditions on the Allegheny and Monongahela Rivers in Pennsylvania and West Virginia were analyzed for seven recent winters. The on-ground observations recorded daily at a number of lock and dam locations were issued in the form of alphanumeric ice codes that included the coverage, type, thickness, structure and extent of river ice. These codes were used to graph ice conditions ... |
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| Synoptic Meteorology During the Snow-One Field Experiment |
NOV 1981 |
60 pages |
| Authors:
Michael A. Bilello; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER NH
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| The daily atmospheric pressure systems and weather fronts that traversed the northeastern United States during the SNOW-ONE Field Experiment from 11 January through 20 February 1981 are summarized. This experiment is the first in a planned series of measurements to study the influence of atmospheric obscurants on electro-optical system performance. The analysis of the large- scale synoptic patterns that developed during the field test period constitutes a critical component of ... |
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| A Winter Environmental Data Survey of the Drainage Basin of the Upper Susitna River, Alaska. |
APR 1980 |
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| Authors:
Michael A. Bilello; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER NH
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 | Basic data on the winter climate and measurements on all available snow and ice cover conditions were compiled for an area in and around the Upper Susitna River Basin of Alaska. The 10 years of tabulated data (from September 1964 to May 1974) for 16 locations include average monthly values of air temperature, precipitation amounts (including total snowfall), and maximum depth of snow on the ground. Ice thickness measurements and ... |
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| Maximum Thickness and Subsequent Decay of Lake, River and Fast Sea Ice in Canada and Alaska, |
FEB 1980 |
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| Authors:
Michael A. Bilello; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER NH
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| Weekly measurements of the thickness of lake, river and fast sea ice made over a period of 10 to 15 years at 66 locations in Canada and Alaska are analyzed, and the portion of the data relating to maximum ice thickness and decay (i.e. the decrease in ice thickness) is examined. Ice thickness curves revealed individual patterns of ice decay, and comparisons between locations disclosed major contrasts in the amount ... |
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| Climatic Survey at CRREL in Association with the Land Treatment Project. |
NOV 1978 |
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| Authors:
Michael A. Bilello; Roy E. Bates; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER N H
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| During 1972, six test cells were constructed at CRREL for the purpose of studying application of wastewater on various soil types and vegetation. In conjunction with this program, a meteorological observing station was established in order to obtain basic information on the climate proximate to the test cells. This report describes the equipment and its installation, and provides a daily tabulation of the following observed parameters: maximum and minimum air ... |
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| Analysis of the Midwinter Temperature Regime and Snow Occurrence in Germany, |
SEP 1978 |
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| Authors:
Michael A. Bilello; G. Cameron Appel; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER N H
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| This study investigates the possibility of providing estimates of the time of occurrence and length of the freezing season for any location in East and West Germany by using the average Januavy air temperature (AJAT) as an index. The results indicate that reliable values of the mean freezing index can be obtained from the AJAT relationships which are developed for Germany. This association is further verified using data from the ... |
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| Kolyma Water Balance Station, Magadan Oblast, Northeast U.S.S.R.: United States - Soviet Scientific Exchange Visit. |
MAY 1977 |
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| Authors:
Charles W. Slaughter; Michael A. Bilello; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER N H
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| Two U.S. scientists visited Kolyma Water Balance Station (KWBS) in Magadan Oblast of northeast U.S.S.R. during the last two weeks of August 1976. Under the auspices of the Joint U.S.A. - U.S.S.R. Agreement on Cooperation in the Field of Environmental Protection, this trip was undertaken to review current Soviet watershed hydrology research in a permafrost-dominated setting similar to that of central Alaska. Research objectives, instrumentation, and field practices were observed ... |
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| Environmental Analyses in the Kootenai River Region, Montana. |
NOV 1976 |
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| Authors:
Harlan L. McKim; Lawrence W. Gatto; Carolyn J. Merry; Bruce E. Brockett; Michael A. Bilello; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER N H
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| The purpose of this investigation was: (1) to compile and analyze climatic data for the past 10 years from all available weather observing stations in the East Kootenai River Basin, (2) to analyze changes in ice and snow cover, and turbidity and plankton blooms on Lake Koocanusa, (3) to assess the present limnology of Lake Koocanusa and the potential for water quality problems, especially eutrophication, and (4) to demonstrate the ... |
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| Ice Thickness Observations, North American Arctic and Subarctic, 1970-71, 1971-72. |
APR 1975 |
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| Authors:
Michael A. Bilello; Roy E. Bates; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER N H
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| The seventh in a series of reports on lake and river ice and land-fast sea ice presents ice thickness measurements observed throughout the North American Arctic and subarctic during the 1970-71 and 1971-72 winter seasons. Information on surface ice conditions, dates of first ice, freeze-over and breakup, and detailed measurements of ice thickness across Alaskan rivers are also included. Some reports from the Alaska National Guard network on ice thickness ... |
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| Air Masses, Fronts and Winter Precipitation in Central Alaska. |
JUN 1974 |
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| Authors:
Michael A. Bilello; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER N H
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| The physical, meteorological and climatological aspects of freezing precipitation in the Tanana River Basin of central Alaska are examined. Periods of inclement weather are evaluated with respect to frequency and duration, and concurrent temperature, wind, atmospheric pressure and visibility conditions. Although relatively dry polar continental air masses dominate the area in winter, massive intrusions of maritime air occasionally produce a major snowstorm and, in rare instances, rain or freezing rain. ... |
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| Prevailing Wind Directions in the Arctic Ocean. |
MAR 1973 |
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| Authors:
Michael A. Bilello; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER N H
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| Prevailing monthly and seasonal surface wind directions were obtained from (1) weather records for 21 coastal stations around the Arctic Ocean and (2) a series of U.S. Navy wind charts for 15 to 20 locations in the arctic marginal seas and the ocean's interior. This information was combined and analyzed to develop 2 charts which depict the surface flow of air in these areas during the mid-summer and mid-winter months. ... |
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| Ice Thickness Observations, North American Arctic and Subarctic, 1967-68, 1968-69. |
JUN 1972 |
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| Authors:
Michael A. Bilello; Roy E. Bates; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER N H
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| This sixth in a series of reports on lake and river ice and land-fast sea ice records ice thicknesses observed throughout the North American arctic and subarctic during the 1968-69 and 1969-70 seasons. Information on ice surface conditions, dates of first ice, freeze-over and breakup, and measurements of ice thickness made on the second voyage of the S.S. Manhattan are also included. Continued reports from the Alaska National Guard Network ... |
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| Air and Water Temperatures and Ice Conditions on the Connecticut River. |
JUL 1971 |
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| Authors:
Michael A. Bilello; Darrell Smith; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER N H
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| Observations made in and along the shores of the Connecticut River, near Hanover, New Hampshire, showed that the water temperature decreased from +14C on 23 October to +3.5 degrees on 21 November 1968. The river froze over on 10 December 1968 and the ice water cover midriver was 9 to 11 in. thick on 16 January 1969. The water temperature beneath the ice sheet decreased from 2.3C to 0C just ... |
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| Ice Thickness Observations, North American Arctic and Subarctic, 1966-67, 1967-68. |
MAR 1971 |
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| Authors:
Michael A. Bilello; Roy E. Bates; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER N H
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| The paper is a fifth in a series of reports on lake and river ice and land-fast sea ice, records ice thicknesses observed throughout the North American arctic and subarctic during the 1966-67 and 1967-68 seasons. Information on ice surface conditions, dates of first ice, freeze-over and breakup, and detailed measurements of ice thickness across Alaskan rivers are also included. Continued reports from the Alaska National Guard Network on ice ... |
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| Physical Characteristics of the Snow Cover Fort Greely, Alaska, 1966-67. |
SEP 1970 |
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| Authors:
Michael A. Bilello; Roy E. Bates; James Riley; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER N H
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| Observations were made at 19 sites in and around the Fort Greely Military Reservation in Alaska during the winter of 1966-67 to obtain data on the depth and physical properties of the snow cover. Snowfall in 1966-67 totaled 245 cm, which was more than 2-1/2 times the seasonal normal. Maximum snow depths of 80 to 100 cm were observed in a major portion of the reservation. Measurements at nine sites ... |
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| RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN CLIMATE AND REGIONAL VARIATIONS IN SNOW-COVER DENSITY IN NORTH AMERICA. |
DEC 1969 |
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| Authors:
Michael A. Bilello; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER N H
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| Analysis of snow-cover observations made during November - March at 27 stations in Alaska, Canada and the northern United States for a 2 to 11 year period showed that the average snow density can be classified in four general categories. A nomograph in which the average winter air temperature and wind speed are the independent variables makes it possible to estimate the average snowcover density for any location in the ... |
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| ICE THICKNESS OBSERVATIONS, NORTH AMERICAN ARCTIC AND SUBARCTIC 1964-65, 1965-66. PART IV. |
NOV 1969 |
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| Authors:
Michael A. Bilello; Roy E. Bates; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER N H
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| The report is fourth in a series of reports on lake and river ice land-fast sea ice records ice thicknesses observed throughout the North American arctic and subarctic during the 1964-65 and 1965-66 seasons. Information on ice surface conditions, dates of first ice, freeze-over and breakup, and detailed measurements of ice thickness across Alaskan rivers are also included. First reports from the Alaska National Guard on ice thickness measurements on ... |
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| SURFACE MEASUREMENTS OF SNOW AND ICE FOR CORRELATION WITH AIRCRAFT AND SATELLITE OBSERVATIONS. |
MAY 1969 |
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| Authors:
Michael A. Bilello; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER N H
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| The seasonal extent of the earth's snow and ice cover can easily be determined by aircraft and satellite reconnaissance. However, determination of the depth and physical properties of the snow cover and the thickness of ice on lakes, rivers and along coastlines by these remote sensors is in an early stage of development. Correlation of the remote sensing data with actual surface conditions could be accomplished through use of an ... |
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| ICE CONDITIONS AND PREDICTION OF FREEZE-OVER ON STREAMS IN THE VICINITY OF FT. GREELY, ALASKA. PART I: DESCRIPTION OF ICE CONDITIONS AND ICE THICKNESS MEASUREMENTS ON THE DELTA RIVER AND JARVIS CREEK, 1966-67. PART II: PREDICTION OF FREEZE-OVER ON THE DEL |
OCT 1968 |
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| Authors:
Roy E. Bates; Dwane Saboe; Michael A. Bilello; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER N H
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| The Delta River, within the boundary of Ft. Greely, Alaska, is mainly a series of braided channels that freeze over and can be crossed early in winter. However, ice jams and areas that remain ice free due to the influx of ground water could cause traversing problems. Descriptions of the events leading to freeze-over, including ground and aerial photos and diagrams showing the changes in river ice conditions, are given. ... |
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| WATER TEMPERATURES IN A SHALLOW LAKE DURING ICE FORMATION, GROWTH AND DECAY. |
DEC 1967 |
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| Authors:
Michael A. Bilello; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER N H
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| Continuous water temperature measurements were made in a shallow lake in upper Michigan prior to and during ice formation, and during ice growth and decay. Several full circulations of 'overturns' at 4C were observed during autumn and the temperature throughout the lake just prior to complete freeze-over reduced to a minimum of +0.2C. After a permanent ice cover had formed, the water beneath the ice began to warm up. Within ... |
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| SURVEY OF FROZEN PRECIPITATION IN URBAN AREAS AS RELATED TO CLIMATIC CONDITIONS. |
MAY 1967 |
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| Authors:
Michael A. Bilello; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER N H
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| The study investigates relationships between observed frozen precipitation and associated meteorological conditions in large cities, and develops procedures for presenting tabulated data on frozen precipitation in a readable and usable form. An explanation of several interpretations is included with methods of analysis, sample diagrams, advantages and disadvantages, and comparisons of the different interpretations. To avoid excessive bulk, only the diagrams for LaGuardia Airport and Buffalo, New York, are discussed in ... |
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| SURVEY OF ARCTIC AND SUBARCTIC TEMPERATURE INVERSIONS. |
OCT 1966 |
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| Authors:
Michael A. Bilello; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER N H
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| This study provides a statistical analysis of available data on Arctic and subarctic inversions, and includes data from locations in Canada, Greenland, and Alaska. The analysis considers inversions with respect to frequency, base height, thickness, base temperature, and temperature gradient. |
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| DEFINING THE COLD REGIONS OF THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE. |
JUN 1966 |
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| Authors:
Roy E. Bates; Michael A. Bilello; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER N H
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| The boundaries of the cold regions of the Northern Hemisphere are located by using parameters of air temperature, snow depth, ice cover, and frozen ground. Each parameter is discussed in detail and references used to develop four Northern Hemisphere cold regions maps are given. In all mountainous areas where few reporting stations exist, specific elevations or ridge lines were used to locate the limits of certain zones. In some areas, ... |
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| ICE THICKNESS OBSERVATIONS IN THE NORTH AMERICAN ARCTIC AND SUBARCTIC FOR 1958-59, 1959-60. |
JUL 1961 |
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| Authors:
Michael A. Bilello; COLD REGIONS RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING LAB HANOVER N H
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| This is the first of a series of reports in which sea and lake ice thickness observations throughout the North American arctic and subarctic will be published. Results for the years 1958-59, 1959-60 are given in figures and in tables. |
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| SURFACE TEMPERATURES AND GROWTH OF SEA ICE. |
JAN 1961 |
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| Authors:
Michael A. Bilello; SNOW ICE AND PERMAFROST RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT WILMETTE ILL
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| Sea-ice surface temperatures observed at Eureka, N.W.T., Canada, during 1949-50 and 1950-51 were used to compute the numerical value of the expression k/L rho, where k = thermal conductivity, L = latent heat of fusion and rho = density. The numerical value for these combined physical properties of sea ice was found to increase from approximately 0.000047 to 0.00007 during ice growth (between 6 November and 22 December) from 0.6 ... |
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| FORMATION, GROWTH, AND DECAY OF SEA ICE IN THE CANADIAN ARCTIC ARCHIPELAGO. |
JUL 1960 |
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| Authors:
Michael A. Bilello; SNOW ICE AND PERMAFROST RESEARCH ESTABLISHMENT WILMETTE ILL
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| Freeze-up at Alert, Eureka, Isachsen, Mould Bay, and Resolute in the Canadian Arctic was observed to occur any time between the last week in August and the last week in September. A mathematical relationship between air temperature and sea-ice formation provided a favorable method for predicting the date of freeze-up at these stations. The maximum seasonal growth of sea ice, 269 cm, was measured at Isachsen; the minimum, 149 cm, ... |
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